CN110498507A - A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage - Google Patents
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110498507A CN110498507A CN201910759527.5A CN201910759527A CN110498507A CN 110498507 A CN110498507 A CN 110498507A CN 201910759527 A CN201910759527 A CN 201910759527A CN 110498507 A CN110498507 A CN 110498507A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of unpowered removal devices of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage, it include: anaerobic fermentation pond, shallow-layer plant filter tank, nitrify filter tank, denitrification filter pool and reoxygenation pond, after raw sewage enters the processing of anaerobic fermentation pond by pipeline, the biogas of generation is collected, waste water sequentially enters shallow-layer plant filter tank by pipeline shunt rear portion, nitrify filter tank and denitrification filter pool, another part is directly entered denitrification filter pool supplementing denitrifying carbon source by pipeline, most discharged after processing reaches discharge standard through the reoxygenation pond afterwards, it is fixed and is planted by filler in shallow-layer plant filter tank and be implanted with several industrial crops, it is fixed and is planted by filler in the nitrification filter tank and be implanted with several hygrophytes, the anaerobic fermentation pond, shallow-layer plant filter tank, nitrify filter tank, water flow between denitrification filter pool and reoxygenation pond is made by gravity With flowing, solution Karst mountainous rural areas sanitary sewage dispersion, instantaneous flow changes greatly, the easily lower infiltration of sewage, easy the problems such as washing away into river.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage treatment field more particularly to a kind of unpowered removal devices of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage.
Background technique
Country sewage is often referred to the sewage that rural area resident is formed in life and production process, and it is dirty to specifically include life
Two aspects of water and livestock and poultry cultivation sewage.Karst mountainous rural areas sanitary sewage generally by kitchen waste water, bathing wash water and
The composition such as sanitary wastewater；Livestock and poultry cultivation sewage generally as livestock and poultry urine, excrement, food-residue and rinses flushing caused by colony house
The composition such as water, the rainwater for flowing through colony house.Country sewage ingredient is complex, is mainly characterized by the pollutants such as COD, nitrogen and SS
Content is high, and nitrogen principal mode is ammonia nitrogen.
Currently, the country sewage amount of having the characteristics that it is small, dispersion, instantaneous flow variation it is huge, ingredient, pollutant concentration with
The living habit of resident, living standard and water resource to enjoy situation related.The Karst region time in rainy season is longer, and rural area is lived
Family is close to river mostly and is occupied, and life, aquaculture wastewater easily enter river by rain drop erosion.With the continuous improvement of life of farmers level, sewage
Discharge amount is continuously increased, and exacerbates the eutrophication of neighbouring receiving water body.In addition, the special geologic condition of Karst Mountain Areas makes
Free flow underground river replaces in region, and surface and ground water mutually converts supply.Mountainous rural area pollution such as cannot be administered effectively, no
Local environment can only be damaged, or even cause serious underground water pollution.
Mountainous rural area sewage load is generally in 5~50m3/d.Existing processing technique include individual aerobic biological film method,
Anaerobic organism embrane method, materializing strategy technology, integrated treatment technology etc..Individual aerobic biological film method, anaerobic organism embrane method, object
Change processing technique etc. all to have some limitations: if aerobic, anaerobic organism embrane method has a single function the removal of N, P element, nothing
Method meets the improvement needs of the generally existing livestock and poultry cultivation sewage in mountainous rural area；The current operating cost of materializing strategy technology is higher,
And it is extremely limited to the processing capacity of nitrogen, thus its scope of application is restricted.Integrated activated sludge processing technique generally has: lattice
The links such as grid, setting pot, anaerobic pond, aerobic tank, secondary settling tank, disinfection；Wherein, generally sharp in the oxygen charging method of Aerobic Process for Treatment link
It is aerated with aerator, ideal outlet effect can be reached by the sewage of Air Exposure.But integration activity is dirty
Mud method complex process, investment is big, operating cost is high and needs stable sewage quantity supply.And for measuring small, dispersion, instantaneous flow
There are for the Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of larger fluctuation, integrated activated sludge processing technique is difficult to be applicable in.
In conclusion Karst mountainous rural areas resident distribution is more dispersed, mountain area topography is of flowing rhythm, builds sewage collecting
System feasibility is poor.In addition, Karst Mountain Areas ecological environment frailty, at present mostly based on promoting a tourist business, local environment
The requirement of protection and dynamics are higher and higher.In this regard, proposing the scheme pair that a set of suitable Karst mountainous rural areas decentralized wastewater is administered
Protection local environment has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of unpowered removal devices of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage, solve karst mountain
The dispersion of area's domestic sewage in rural areas, instantaneous flow change greatly, the easily lower infiltration of sewage, easy the problems such as washing away into river.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution taken are as follows:
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage characterized by comprising anaerobic fermentation pond, shallow-layer
Plant filter tank, nitrification filter tank, denitrification filter pool and reoxygenation pond generate after raw sewage enters the processing of anaerobic fermentation pond by pipeline
Biogas be collected, waste water sequentially enters shallow-layer plant filter tank, nitrification filter tank and denitrification by pipeline shunt rear portion
Filter tank, another part are directly entered denitrification filter pool supplementing denitrifying carbon source by pipeline, most afterwards through the reoxygenation pond at
Reason is discharged after reaching discharge standard, fixes and plant being implanted with several industrial crops in shallow-layer plant filter tank by filler,
It is fixed and is planted by filler in the nitrification filter tank and be implanted with several hygrophytes, the anaerobic fermentation pond, shallow-layer plant filter tank, nitre
The water flow changed between filter tank, denitrification filter pool and reoxygenation pond is flowed by gravity, and anaerobic fermentation generates biogas, and fermentation liquid is logical
The second hidden pipe of U-shaped is crossed from inflow shallow-layer plant filter tank；At charcoal absorption in shallow-layer plant filter tank and the decomposition of mainstream heterotroph
Low COD high ammonia nitrogen (numerical value height is for influent concentration, similarly hereinafter herein) water outlet of reason enters nitre by third hidden pipe
Change filter tank, the low COD high-nitrate state nitrogen water outlet through mainstream autotrophic bacterium nitrification processing in nitrification filter tank is anti-from flowing by the 4th hidden pipe
Filter tank is nitrified, the processing water through mainstream heterotroph denitrification denitrogenation in denitrification filter pool flows into reoxygenation pond, reoxygenation pond by bright ditch
Standard water discharge discharge, the collecting methane in the process generating anaerobic fermentation utilize；The Partial fermentation liquid in anaerobic fermentation pond is passed through
Flow divider and hidden pipe are sent to denitrification filter pool supplementing denitrifying carbon source.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention is provided with liquid in the anaerobic fermentation pond
The water outlet of position meter, the anaerobic fermentation pond, shallow-layer plant filter tank and nitrification filter tank is respectively arranged with: solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B
It is opened and closed with the size of solenoid valve C control flow or control, is provided with nanometer micropore aeration tube, the nanometer in the nitrification filter tank
Micropore aeration pipe is connected to aerator, and the liquidometer, solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, solenoid valve C and aerator and controller are electrically connected
It connects and by providing electric energy by peripheral hardware solar power system.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, one upper lateral part of anaerobic fermentation pond with
The connection of raw sewage water inlet pipe, another side lower part have fermentation vat discharge line, are provided with shunting on the fermentation vat discharge line
Valve, the solenoid valve A are set to flow divider front end, and the flow divider exit is threaded a pipe respectively is connected to shallow-layer plant filter tank and anti-
Filter tank is nitrified, the anaerobic fermentation pond top is connected with air accumulator by pipeline, and the biogas in the air accumulator passes through force (forcing) pump
User terminal, sludge pump, for periodically biogas residue to be discharged by sludge pipe are transported to after pressurization.Anaerobic fermentation in addition to generating biogas,
Larger molecular organics can also be decomposed into small molecule, while removing most of organic matter in sewage, reduce subsequent purification unit
Processing load and improve its biodegradability.Since Karst mountainous rural areas sewage instantaneous flow changes greatly, anaerobic fermentation pond
Also act as the effect of water storage, water storage.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, it is round that the anaerobic fermentation pond, which is centre,
Cylinder is the structure of cone up and down, and the liquidometer is set gradually from top to bottom along cylindrical body, and the liquidometer includes: liquid level
Relay A, liquid level relay B and liquid level relay C, the anaerobic fermentation bottom of pond portion have sludge pump, the sludge pump connection
There is sludge pipe.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, shallow-layer plant filter tank includes by mixing
The shallow-layer plant filter tank main body that solidifying soil pool wall and bottom surface surround is provided with three-layer filter A, institute in the main body of shallow-layer plant filter tank
Industrial crops plantation is stated in the top three-layer filter A, shallow-layer plant filter tank body side top passes through pipeline anaerobic fermentation pond
Connection, another side lower part are connected to by drainpipe A with nitrification filter tank, and the solenoid valve B is set on drainpipe A.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, three layers of filter in shallow-layer plant filter tank
Material A includes: that upper layer is fine grain loam, and middle layer is the homogeneous mixing filtrate of middle partial size, and lower layer is big partial size single filter material.It is described even
Matter mixing filtrate is derived from the charcoal filtrate of local loam and production of gathering materials on the spot；The single filter material is biology prospecting material.Institute
The water inlet end for stating shallow-layer plant filter tank is equipped with water distributing area, and water outlet is equipped with gathering ground, and the middle homogeneous mixing filter material layer of partial size is
The charcoal of 3~5mm of loam and Φ mixes by volume for 1:3, and the single filter material is 5~8mm of Φ charcoal.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the raw sewage water inlet pipe and fermentation vat
Discharge line and anaerobic fermentation pond junction are provided with U-shaped structure, and gas leaks U-tube section in order to prevent, the raw sewage into
Flow-stopping plate is provided at water pipe.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the outlet end the drainpipe A is provided with
Hose, the hose can adjust height of projection as needed, with the aerobic ring of root zone needed for adapting to Different Crop and vegetable growth
Border.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the concrete-pool-wall inside, which has, wears
Hole partition, the Perforated clapboard and anaerobic fermentation pond connectivity part form water distributing area, the Perforated clapboard and the joint drainpipe A shape
At gathering ground.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the nitrification filter tank have nitrification filter tank
Main body is provided with three-layer filter B in the main body of the nitrification filter tank, has overburden layer B (32) above the three-layer filter B, described
Hygrophyte plantation is above overburden layer B (32), and the nitrification filter tank body top has water distributor, and the water distributor is along nitrification
Filter tank main body length direction arrangement, and there are several water distributing pores, the nitrification filter tank bottom part body has drainpipe B, described
Drainpipe B has several drainage holes along nitrification filter tank main body length direction arrangement, and the solenoid valve C is set to drainpipe B
On.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the nanometer micropore aeration tube are set to
Filter tank bottom is nitrified, the nanometer micropore aeration tube has several solarization air caps along nitrification filter tank main body length direction arrangement.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the three-layer filter B divide from top to bottom
Not are as follows: upper layer uses 3~5mm of Φ charcoal particle, and middle layer uses 8~12mm of Φ using 5~8mm of Φ charcoal particle and lower layer
Charcoal particle；Its thickness is followed successively by 10cm, 20cm and 20cm from top to bottom.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the denitrification filter pool have denitrification
Filter tank main body, denitrification filter pool main body length direction side and nitrification liquid inlet opening, the other side are provided with nitrification liquid water outlet
Hole is staggeredly connected with several divider walls, several divider walls on the inner wall of denitrification filter pool body width direction two sides
Make the serpentine-like shape of the intracorporal flow path of the liquid of denitrification filter pool master.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the denitrification filter pool principal length side
There are several fermentation liquid access aperture, the fermentation liquid access aperture is connected to by pipeline with anaerobic fermentation pond on inward wall.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, denitrification filter pool body surfaces are from above
Under be disposed with: shallow-layer turf, overburden layer C and three-layer filter C, the three-layer filter C include: upper layer Φ 3~5mm charcoal
Particle, middle layer Φ 5~8mm charcoal particle, lower layer's Φ 8~12mm charcoal particle；Its thickness be followed successively by from top to bottom 10cm,
15cm and 15cm.
Each group filter tank Surface mulch locality loam, and economic vegetables, nitrification filter tank table are planted in shallow-layer plant filter tank surface
Face is laid with water distributor, and bottom is laid with drainpipe and plants hygrophyte, denitrification filter pool surface plantation shallow-layer turf.The shallow-layer
Plant filter tank, nitrification filter tank, denitrification filter pool major function be that production economy vegetables, oxidation ammonia nitrogen and denitrification are de- respectively
Nitrogen.The reoxygenation pond is Tu Tang, and a variety of submerged plants of companion planting in the pool combine water plant photosynthesis by air reaeration and improve
Dissolved Oxygen in Water keeps it close with surface water, so as to direct emission.In addition, there are also precipitatings, Water storage in reoxygenation pond.
The peripheral hardware solar power system includes solar panel, converter and battery.
A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage of the invention, the sludge pump, liquid level relay A,
Liquid level relay B, liquid level relay C, solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, solenoid valve C and aerator are electrically connected with the controller, and pass through liquid
The liquid level signal that position relay A, liquid level relay B and liquid level relay C are provided, controls solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B, solenoid valve C
With the movement of aerator, and the periodically movement of control sludge pump.
Before nitrification filter tank aeration is inactive, (this when fermentation liquid liquid level reaches liquid level relay A in anaerobic fermentation pond
When three groups of liquid level relays all flood), solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C and the electromagnetic switch being connected with aerator are complete
Portion opens, and fermentation liquid is followed by each group filter tank；As fermentation liquid flows out, when fermentation liquid liquid level is lower than liquid level in anaerobic fermentation pond
When relay B (only liquid level relay C floods at this time), solenoid valve C is closed, and is nitrified liquid level in filter tank and is gradually lifted；When anaerobism is sent out
When fermentation liquid liquid level is lower than liquid level relay C in ferment pond (liquid level in filter tank is nitrified at this time and reaches predetermined altitude), solenoid valve A, electricity
Magnet valve B and electromagnetism C switch are all closed, and fermentation liquid stops outflow, and aeration stops.Then, when fermentation liquid liquid in anaerobic fermentation pond
When position reaches liquid level relay A, device is again started up by above-mentioned steps, so on circulate.
The charcoal filtrate is fired by your common bamboo of Karst Mountain Areas, and the denitrification filter pool uses baffling water
Flat-pushing stream mode, no dead angle, hydraulic detention time is long, and the industrial crops are in radish, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, tomato etc.
One or more combinations.The hygrophyte is one of calamus, iris, reed, giantreed, canna etc. or a variety of groups
It closes, the submerged plant is one of eel grass, water caltrop, waterweed, black algae, watermifoil etc. or multiple combinations.
The beneficial effect comprise that:
1, by the processing in anaerobic fermentation pond, the macromolecular hardly degraded organic substance in sewage is broken down into small molecule, improves
The biodegradability of sewage；Most of organic nitrogen phosphorus is converted into inorganic nutrient salt simultaneously, utilizes convenient for subsequent filter tank plant absorption.
Anaerobic fermentation eliminates most of organic matter in sewage, reduces nitrification filter tank removal COD and is aerated generated operating cost.
The biogas of generation can be collected utilization.
2, electromagnetic valve linking control not only avoids impact of the instantaneous flow fluctuation to clean unit, it is thus also avoided that structures
It is dry, prevent plant in high temperature season since evapotranspiration is excessive withered, generate industrial crops simultaneously in sewage treatment, do not give noise made in coughing or vomiting this
The special self-centered vegetables production method of farmers in mountain area impacts.
3, the charcoal for production of gathering materials on the spot is filled in filter tanks at different levels, enhances filtrate to the rejection effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, charcoal
To the Adsorption Concentration of nitrogen phosphorus in sewage, the reaction rate of the microorganism of charcoal filtrate surface enrichment is not only accelerated, simultaneously also
Growth for filter tank plant provides slow-release nutrient.Since charcoal specific gravity is lighter, filter tank surfaces at different levels earthing also acts stabilization
Filter tank surface action.Charcoal used in the present invention is fired by your common bamboo of Karst Mountain Areas, simple and easy to do.
4, nitrification filter tank takes bottom mechanical to be aerated, and enhances nitrification effect under the conditions of short hydraulic detention time, makes up
The deficiency of the natural reoxygenation ability in filter tank.Denitrification filter pool takes staged water distribution, solves filter tank interior carbon source and is unevenly distributed
Problem.Sewage self-flowing relies on gravity, and the energy consumption of linkage control and mechanical aeration is derived from solar energy, and package unit is without additional energy.
Compared to other water treatment technologies, construction cost and operating cost are low, moreover it is possible to which biogas and the industrial crops for generating added value are compared
It is suitble to Karst mountainous rural areas decentralized wastewater to administer.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of a specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in anaerobic fermentation pond in the present embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view in the present embodiment middle-shallow layer plant filter tank；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view that filter tank is nitrified in the present embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the plan view of denitrification filter pool in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only to
It explains the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage characterized by comprising anaerobism
Fermentation vat 1, shallow-layer plant filter tank 2, nitrification filter tank 3, denitrification filter pool 4 and reoxygenation pond 5, raw sewage enter anaerobism by pipeline and send out
Ferment pond 1 handle after, the biogas of generation is collected, waste water by pipeline shunt rear portion sequentially enter shallow-layer plant filter tank 2,
Nitrification filter tank 3 and denitrification filter pool 4, another part are directly entered 4 supplementing denitrifying carbon source of denitrification filter pool by pipeline, finally
Discharged after processing reaches discharge standard through the reoxygenation pond 5, it is fixed simultaneously by filler in shallow-layer plant filter tank 2
Kind is implanted with several industrial crops 23, fixes and plant being implanted with several hygrophytes 31 in the nitrification filter tank 3 by filler, described to detest
Water flow between aerobe fermentation pond 1, shallow-layer plant filter tank 2, nitrification filter tank 3, denitrification filter pool 4 and reoxygenation pond 5 passes through gravity
Flowing, anaerobic fermentation generate biogas, and fermentation liquid flows into shallow-layer plant filter tank by the second hidden pipe of U-shaped certainly；Through shallow-layer plant filter tank
The absorption of middle charcoal and mainstream heterotroph resolution process low COD high ammonia nitrogen (herein numerical value height be compared to influent concentration and
Speech, similarly hereinafter) water outlet by third hidden pipe enter nitrification filter tank, through nitrify filter tank in mainstream autotrophic bacterium nitrification processing low COD high
Nitrate nitrogen water outlet flows into denitrification filter pool certainly by the 4th hidden pipe, the place through mainstream heterotroph denitrification denitrogenation in denitrification filter pool
It manages water and reoxygenation pond, the discharge of reoxygenation pond standard water discharge is flowed by bright ditch.Preferentially, collecting methane benefit anaerobic fermentation generated
With；The Partial fermentation liquid in anaerobic fermentation pond is sent by flow divider and hidden pipe to denitrification filter pool supplementing denitrifying carbon source, it is locating
The mountainous rural area COD of sewage concentration of reason is 510mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 180mg/L, total phosphorus concentration 7.0mg/L, day handles water
Amount is 5m3/d.The fermentation liquid in anaerobic fermentation pond 1 branches to the body of denitrification filter pool 4 and shallow-layer plant filter tank 2 by flow divider 17
Product is than being 1:5.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided with liquidometer in the anaerobic fermentation pond 1, it is the anaerobic fermentation pond 1, shallow
The water outlet in layer plant filter tank 2 and nitrification filter tank 3 is respectively arranged with: solenoid valve A13, solenoid valve B28 and solenoid valve C35 control stream
The size of amount or control open and close, and are provided with nanometer micropore aeration tube 34, the nanometer micropore aeration tube 34 in the nitrification filter tank 3
It is connected to aerator, the liquidometer, solenoid valve A13, solenoid valve B28, solenoid valve C35 and aerator are electrically connected with the controller simultaneously
By providing electric energy by peripheral hardware solar power system.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, 1 one upper lateral part of anaerobic fermentation pond is connected to raw sewage water inlet pipe, the other side
Lower part has fermentation vat discharge line, is provided with flow divider 17 on the fermentation vat discharge line, the solenoid valve A13 is set to
17 front end of flow divider, 17 exit of flow divider is threaded a pipe respectively is connected to shallow-layer plant filter tank 2 and denitrification filter pool 4, described
Air accumulator 6 is connected with by pipeline at the top of anaerobic fermentation pond 1, the biogas in the air accumulator 6 is defeated after pressurizeing by force (forcing) pump 18
It is sent to user terminal
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation pond 1 is that centre is the structure that cylindrical body is cone up and down, institute
It states liquidometer to set gradually from top to bottom along cylindrical body, the liquidometer includes: liquid level relay A16, liquid level relay B15
With liquid level relay C12,1 bottom of anaerobic fermentation pond has sludge pump 11, and the sludge pump 11 is connected with sludge pipe 7, dirty
Dredge pump, for periodically biogas residue to be discharged by sludge pipe.Anaerobic fermentation is in addition to generating biogas, moreover it is possible to decompose larger molecular organics
For small molecule, while most of organic matter in sewage is removed, reducing the processing load of subsequent purification unit and improving it can give birth to
The property changed.Since Karst mountainous rural areas sewage instantaneous flow changes greatly, anaerobic fermentation pond also acts as the effect of water storage, water storage,
For its middle cylindrical section having a size of 2m (diameter) × 1.3m (pillar height), the size of upper cone section and lower cone section is 2m (diameter) × 1m (cone
It is high).
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw sewage water inlet pipe and fermentation vat discharge line and anaerobic fermentation pond 1 connect
The place of connecing is provided with U-shaped structure, and gas leaks U-tube section in order to prevent, is provided with flow-stopping plate 10 at the raw sewage water inlet pipe.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, shallow-layer plant filter tank 2 includes being surrounded by concrete-pool-wall 26 and bottom surface
Shallow-layer plant filter tank main body, is provided with three-layer filter A22 in the main body of shallow-layer plant filter tank, 23 kinds of the industrial crops plant in
The top three-layer filter A22, shallow-layer plant filter tank body side top are connected to by pipeline anaerobic fermentation pond 1, under the other side
Portion is connected to by drainpipe A29 with nitrification filter tank 3, and the solenoid valve B28 is set on drainpipe A29, the shallow-layer plant filter
Pond 2, nitrification filter tank 3, denitrification filter pool 4 are concrete-pool-wall；Pond bottom soil pads sand-lime soil, sand-lime soil after tamping
Upper covering geomembrane, filling is gathered materials on the spot the charcoal filtrate of production on geomembrane.Wherein, each group filter tank Surface mulch locality earth
Soil, and in industrial crops 23 are planted on 2 surface of shallow-layer plant filter tank, nitrification 3 surface of filter tank is laid with water distributor 33, bottom is laid with draining
Pipe B36 simultaneously plants hygrophyte 31,4 surface of denitrification filter pool plantation shallow-layer turf 40.The reoxygenation pond 5 is Tu Tang, is mixed in the pool
Plant a variety of submerged plants.In the present embodiment, charcoal filtrate is fired by your common bamboo of Karst Mountain Areas.The filter of shallow-layer plant
Plant Chinese cabbage, nitrification 3 surface of filter tank plantation reed, 4 surface of denitrification filter pool plantation English ryegrass in 2 surface of pond.Reoxygenation pond 5
Interior companion planting eel grass, water caltrop and watermifoil, three-layer filter A22: upper layer is overburden layer A24, and middle layer is the homogeneous mixing filtrate of middle partial size,
Lower layer is big partial size single filter material.In the present embodiment, the homogeneous charcoal for mixing filtrate and being derived from 3~5mm of local loam and Φ, two
Person's mixing ratio is 1:3；Single filter material is 5~8mm of Φ charcoal.The three-layer filter A22 height in shallow-layer plant filter tank 2 is from top to bottom
It is followed successively by 10cm, 10cm, 15cm.The water inlet end in shallow-layer plant filter tank 2 is equipped with water distributing area 20, and water outlet is equipped with gathering ground 25.Match
The gravel of filling 10~15mm of Φ in pool 20 and gathering ground 25.Water distributing area 20 and gathering ground 25 pass through Perforated clapboard 21 and three layers
Filtrate A22 is connected.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet end the drainpipe A29 is provided with hose 27, and the hose 27 can basis
It needs to adjust height of projection,
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is Perforated clapboard 21, the Perforated clapboard on the inside of the concrete-pool-wall 26
21 form water distributing area 20 with 1 connectivity part of anaerobic fermentation pond, and the Perforated clapboard 21 forms gathering ground with the joint drainpipe A29
25。
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-layer filter A22 is from top to bottom successively are as follows: overburden layer A24, middle partial size are even
Matter mixes filter material layer and big partial size single filter material layer, the biology that the middle homogeneous mixing filter material layer of partial size is 3~5mm of loam and Φ
Charcoal mixes by volume for 1:3, and the single filter material is 5~8mm of Φ charcoal.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrification filter tank 3, which has, nitrifies filter tank main body, in the main body of the nitrification filter tank
It is provided with three-layer filter B30, there is overburden layer B32 above the three-layer filter B30,31 kinds of the hygrophyte are planted in overburden layer
Above B32, the nitrification filter tank body top has water distributor 33, and the water distributor 33 is along nitrification filter tank main body length direction cloth
It sets, and there are several water distributing pores, the nitrification filter tank bottom part body has drainpipe B36, and the drainpipe B36 is along nitrification filter
Tank main body length direction arrangement, and there are several drainage holes, the solenoid valve C35 is set on drainpipe B36, the water distribution
The material of pipe 33, drainpipe A29 and drainpipe B36 is PVC, nozzle diameter 50mm；33 surface of water distributor be drilled with 2 rows, upwards
Tilt 45o, 10~15cm of spacing, 5~6mm of diameter cloth hole, the surface drainpipe B36 be drilled with 2 rows, vertically upward and water distributor
The identical drainage hole of spacing, diameter.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, 3 bottom of nitrification filter tank is provided with nanometer micropore aeration tube 34, the nanometer
Micropore aeration pipe 34 has several solarization air caps, the nanometer micropore aeration tube along nitrification filter tank main body length direction arrangement
34 are connected to aerator, described to provide electric energy by peripheral hardware solar power system.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is raw using 3~5mm of Φ that the three-layer filter B30 is respectively as follows: upper layer from top to bottom
Object charcoal particle, middle layer use 8~12mm of Φ charcoal particle using 5~8mm of Φ charcoal particle and lower layer；Its thickness on to
Under be followed successively by 10cm, 20cm and 20cm.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the denitrification filter pool 4 has denitrification filter pool main body, the denitrification filter pool
Main body length direction side and nitrification liquid inlet opening, the other side are provided with nitrification liquid apopore, and the denitrification filter pool main body is wide
It spends on the inner wall of direction two sides and is staggeredly connected with several divider walls 43, several divider walls 43 keep denitrification filter pool master intracorporal
The serpentine-like shape of flow path of the liquid, divider wall 43 are PVC material, divider wall 43 with a thickness of 5cm, transverse width 0.5m, indulge
It is 2.0m, totally 6 lattice to width；The height perforated in cell compartments at different levels is 0.4m, and perforation front and back installs thick grid additional；For supplementing anti-nitre
The shunting fermentation liquid for changing carbon source is put into 6 grades of cell compartments of denitrification filter pool for 6 sections by branch pipe point.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, on the denitrification filter pool main body length direction inner wall there are several fermentation liquids to connect
Enter hole, the fermentation liquid access aperture is connected to by pipeline with anaerobic fermentation pond 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, denitrification filter pool body surfaces are disposed with down above certainly: shallow-layer turf 40,
Overburden layer C41 and three-layer filter C42, the three-layer filter C42 include: upper layer Φ 3~5mm charcoal particle, and middle layer Φ 5~
8mm charcoal particle, lower layer's Φ 8~12mm charcoal particle；Its thickness is followed successively by 10cm, 15cm and 15cm from top to bottom.
Reoxygenation pond is Tu Tang, and a variety of submerged plants of companion planting in the pool combine water plant photosynthesis by air reaeration and mention
High Dissolved Oxygen in Water keeps it close with surface water, so as to direct emission.In addition, there are also precipitatings, Water storage in reoxygenation pond.
The peripheral hardware solar power system includes solar panel, converter and battery.
Before nitrification filter tank aerator is inactive, when fermentation liquid liquid level reaches liquid level relay A in anaerobic fermentation pond
(three groups of liquid level relays all flood at this time), solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C and the electromagnetism being connected with aerator are opened
Close fully open, fermentation liquid is followed by each group filter tank；As fermentation liquid flows out, when fermentation liquid liquid level is lower than in anaerobic fermentation pond
When liquid level relay B (only liquid level relay C floods at this time), solenoid valve C is closed, and is nitrified liquid level in filter tank and is gradually lifted；When detesting
When fermentation liquid liquid level is lower than liquid level relay C in aerobe fermentation pond (liquid level in filter tank is nitrified at this time and reaches predetermined altitude), solenoid valve
A, solenoid valve B and electromagnetism C switch are all closed, and fermentation liquid stops outflow, and aeration stops.Then, it ferments when in anaerobic fermentation pond
When liquid liquid level reaches liquid level relay A, device is again started up by above-mentioned steps, so on circulate.
The charcoal filtrate is fired by your common bamboo of Karst Mountain Areas, and the denitrification filter pool uses baffling water
Flat-pushing stream mode, no dead angle, hydraulic detention time is long, and the industrial crops are in radish, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, tomato etc.
One or more combinations.The hygrophyte is one of calamus, iris, reed, giantreed, canna etc. or a variety of groups
It closes, the submerged plant is one of eel grass, water caltrop, waterweed, black algae, watermifoil etc. or multiple combinations.
During the present embodiment continuous operation, by the efficient linkage of liquid level relay, solenoid valve and electromagnetic switch, realize
System stable operation.The inlet/outlet concentration and purification efficiency of device each processing unit are shown in Table 1, and wherein COD total removal rate is
96.1%, ammonia nitrogen total removal rate is 97.5%, total phosphorus total removal rate is 94.0%.Referring to Beijing's " rural domestic sewage treatment
Facility pollution discharge standard " (DB11/1612-2019), it is discharged indices and reaches second level A standard.
The inlet/outlet concentration and purification efficiency of 1 device each processing unit of table
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
"front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", " orientation or positional relationships of the instructions such as "inner", "outside"
To be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than indicate or
It implies that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as
Limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply phase
To importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or two
More than.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage characterized by comprising anaerobic fermentation pond (1), shallow-layer
Plant filter tank (2), nitrification filter tank (3), denitrification filter pool (4) and reoxygenation pond (5), raw sewage enter anaerobic fermentation pond by pipeline
(1) handle after, the biogas of generation is collected, waste water by pipeline shunt rear portion sequentially enter shallow-layer plant filter tank (2),
Filter tank (3) and denitrification filter pool (4) are nitrified, another part is directly entered denitrification filter pool (4) by pipeline and supplements denitrification carbon
Source most discharged after processing reaches discharge standard through the reoxygenation pond (5), lead in shallow-layer plant filter tank (2) afterwards
Cross filler and fix and plant and be implanted with several industrial crops (23), fixed in the nitrification filter tank (3) by filler and plant be implanted with it is several
Hygrophyte (31), the anaerobic fermentation pond (1), shallow-layer plant filter tank (2) nitrify filter tank (3), denitrification filter pool (4) and answer
Water flow between oxygen pond (5) is flowed by gravity.
2. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
It is provided with liquidometer in anaerobic fermentation pond (1), the anaerobic fermentation pond (1), shallow-layer plant filter tank (2) and nitrifies filter tank (3)
Water outlet is respectively arranged with: the size or control of solenoid valve A (13), solenoid valve B (28) and solenoid valve C (35) control flow open
It closes, is provided with nanometer micropore aeration tube (34) in the nitrification filter tank (3), the nanometer micropore aeration tube (34) and aerator connect
Logical, the liquidometer, solenoid valve A (13), solenoid valve B (28), solenoid valve C (35) and aerator are electrically connected with the controller and pass through
Electric energy is provided by peripheral hardware solar power system.
3. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
(1) one upper lateral part of anaerobic fermentation pond is connected to raw sewage water inlet pipe, and another side lower part has fermentation vat discharge line, the fermentation
It is provided on the discharge line of pond flow divider (17), the solenoid valve A (13) is set to flow divider (17) front end, the flow divider
(17) exit is threaded a pipe respectively is connected to shallow-layer plant filter tank (2) and denitrification filter pool (4), at the top of the anaerobic fermentation pond (1)
It is connected with air accumulator (6) by pipeline, the biogas in the air accumulator (6) is transported to user after pressurizeing by force (forcing) pump (18)
End.
4. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
It is the structure that cylindrical body is cone up and down that anaerobic fermentation pond (1), which is centre, the liquidometer along cylindrical body from top to bottom successively
Setting, the liquidometer includes: liquid level relay A (16), liquid level relay B (15) and liquid level relay C (12), the anaerobism
Fermentation vat (1) bottom has sludge pump (11), and the sludge pump (11) is connected with sludge pipe (7).
5. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Shallow-layer plant filter tank (2) includes the shallow-layer plant filter tank main body surrounded by concrete-pool-wall (26) and bottom surface, the shallow-layer plant
It is provided in the main body of filter tank three-layer filter A (22), industrial crops (23) plantation is described shallow in three-layer filter A (22) top
Layer plant filter tank body side top is connected to by pipeline anaerobic fermentation pond (1), and another side lower part passes through drainpipe A (29) and nitre
Change filter tank (3) connection, the solenoid valve B (28) is set on drainpipe A (29).
6. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
There are Perforated clapboard (21) on the inside of concrete-pool-wall (26), the Perforated clapboard (21) is formed with anaerobic fermentation pond (1) connectivity part
Water distributing area (20), the Perforated clapboard (21) and (29) joint drainpipe A form gathering ground (25).
7. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Nitrifying filter tank (3) has nitrification filter tank main body, is provided with three-layer filter B (30) in the main body of the nitrification filter tank, three layers of filter
Expect that there are overburden layer B (32) above B (30), hygrophyte (31) plantation is above overburden layer B (32), the nitrification filter tank
Body top has water distributor (33), and the water distributor (33) has several along nitrification filter tank main body length direction arrangement
Water distributing pore, the nitrification filter tank bottom part body have drainpipe B (36), and the drainpipe B (36) is along nitrification filter tank principal length
Direction arrangement, and there are several drainage holes, the solenoid valve C (35) is set on drainpipe B (36).
8. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Nanometer micropore aeration tube (34) is set to nitrification filter tank (3) bottom, and the nanometer micropore aeration tube (34) is along nitrification filter tank main body
Length direction arrangement, and there are several solarization air caps.
9. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Denitrification filter pool (4) has denitrification filter pool main body, denitrification filter pool main body length direction side and nitrification liquid inlet opening,
The other side is provided with nitrification liquid apopore, is staggeredly connected on the inner wall of denitrification filter pool body width direction two sides several
Divider wall (43), several divider walls (43) make the serpentine-like shape of the intracorporal flow path of the liquid of denitrification filter pool master.
10. a kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage according to claim 9, which is characterized in that institute
State on denitrification filter pool main body length direction inner wall have several fermentation liquid access aperture, the fermentation liquid access aperture by pipeline with
Anaerobic fermentation pond (1) connection.
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