US3751370A - Low-foaming rinsing washing and cleaning compositions - Google Patents

Low-foaming rinsing washing and cleaning compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3751370A
US3751370A US00175772A US3751370DA US3751370A US 3751370 A US3751370 A US 3751370A US 00175772 A US00175772 A US 00175772A US 3751370D A US3751370D A US 3751370DA US 3751370 A US3751370 A US 3751370A
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washing
acid
alkali metal
carbon atoms
sodium
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E Schmadel
H Stimberg
J Galinke
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions

Definitions

  • R represents a divalent hydrocarbon having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms and R and R represent monovalent hydrocarbons having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • non-ionic detergent substances especially those based on polyglycol ethers, have a lowfoaming power.
  • the foam-inhibiting properties of these compounds are often not sufliciently adequate to reduce the foam formation of such washing and clean ing agents which contain highly foaming tensides of the sulfate or sulfonate type.
  • the effect of these fatty acids is, however, limited to tensides of the sulfonate type and depends, in addition, upon the hardness of the water used for the preparation of the cleaning solution.
  • the silicones widely used as foam inhibitors are less suitable for washing and cleansing agents since they may have a hydrophobizing effect on the cleaned objects and can be removed only with difiiculty from the substrate.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide washing, rinsing and cleaning agents which, compared with the known agents, have an improved anti-foaming action independent of the nature and composition of the foaming compounds as well as of the hardness of the water, have no negative effect on the cleaning action of the agents or on the usefulness of the cleaned substrate, are effective in small concentrations and overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide lowfoaming rinsing, washing and cleaning compositions comprising (A) from to 99.9% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of anionic surface-active agents, amphoteric surface-active agents, non-ionic surface active agents, polymeric phosphates and complex-forming compounds, and (B) from 0.1% to 10% by weight of at least one foam inhibitor diurethane selected from the group consisting of diurethanes of the formula wherein R represents a divalent hydrocarbon having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms and R and R represent monovalent hydrocarbons having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the invention relates to low-foaming washing, cleaning and softening compositions with a content of at least one cleaning or complex forming compounds from the class of anionic, amphoteric and non-ionic surface-active compounds, polymeric phosphates and complex-forming substances, characterized in that they contain 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the quantity of the aforesaid cleaning and complex-forming compounds, of at least one foaminhibiting diurethane of the following formulae:
  • R represents a divalent hydrocarbon with from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and R and R represent monovalent hydrocarbons with from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbons R, R and R may be straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, or cycloaliphatic or aromatic.
  • R represents a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon with from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably alkylene and a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably toluylene and phenylene
  • the residues R and R represent monovalent straight-chain, saturated or mono-unsaturated hydrocarbons with 12. to 24 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl and alkenyl.
  • the foam-inhibiting alkylated alkylene or arylene diurethanes are obtainable in known way, for example diisocyanates of the formula are reacted with primary or secondary alcohols, of the formulae R OH or R 'OH. In this case compounds of Formula I are obtained.
  • the alkyl residues R and R may be derived from fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin.
  • the residues may also be derivedfrom parafiin hydrocarbons, olefin polymerizates such as polyethylene; polypropylene and polybutyle ne, and compounds obtainable by 026) synthesis.
  • foam-inhibiting compounds in which the alkyl residues contain 10 to 14 carbon atoms display their optimal action in the temperature range front 20 to 60C. If the alkyl groups have 16 or more, especially 18 to 22 carbon atoms, the maximum foaminhibiting action is displaced into the region from 60 to 100 C.
  • foam inhibitors with different alkyl groups therefore, the foaming behaviorof the washing, cleaning and softening compositions can becontrolled'at will and adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the washing; rinsing and cleaning compositions of the invention are low-foaming rinsing, washing and cleaning compositions comprising (A) from 90% to 99.9% by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of anionic surface-active agents, amphoteric surface-active agents, non-ionic surface active agents, polymeric phosphates and complex-forming compounds, and (B) from 0.1% to 10% by weight of at least one foam inhibitor diurethane selected from the group consisting of diurethanes of the formula i extend from 0.1% to 10%, preferably from 0.2% to by weight, based on the solid composition. It is, of course, possible to work with still larger amounts, for instance, up to 25% by weight and more. This, however, is not required in the practice.
  • the foam inhibitors can be mixed with the other wash-- ing, cleansing and descaling agents in a conventional manner and can be processed together with them, for exam- 50 ple, spray dried or granulated, or theycan be converted by other known processes to solid, liquid or pasty mixtures.
  • the foam inhibitors can also be mixed in molten or dissolved form with the other ingredients, present as powders or granules, or by sprayed or granulated on.
  • ingredients which are present in amounts from 90% to 99.9%, preferably 95% to 99.8% by weight, consist of at least one washing, bleaching, or complexing compound, such as anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric or cationic surface-active compounds, polymeric phosphates, complexing agents, as well as other non-surface-active builders, oxygen-containing bleaching agents and other ingredientscustomarily present in such agents.
  • washing, bleaching, or complexing compound such as anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric or cationic surface-active compounds, polymeric phosphates, complexing agents, as well as other non-surface-active builders, oxygen-containing bleaching agents and other ingredientscustomarily present in such agents.
  • the washing and cleansing agents can also contain anionic basic detergent substances of the sulfonate or sulfate type.
  • alkylbenzene sulfonates for example, dodecylbenzene sulfonate are suitable, also olefin sulfonates, such as, for example, are obtained by sulfonation of primary and secondary aliphatic monoolefins with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis, as well as alkylsulfonates obtainable from n-alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and sub-.
  • u-sulfofatty acid esters ethoxylated or prop xylated higher alcohols.
  • sulfated partial ethers and partial esters of polyhydric alcohols such as the alkali metal salts of the monoalkylethers or mono fatty acid esters of the glycerine monosulfuric acid esters, or 1,Z-dihydroxypropanesulfonic acid.
  • sulfates of ethoxylated or propoxylated fatty amides and alkylphenols as well as fatty 'acid taurides and fatty acid isothionates are suitable.
  • alkyl betaines and particularly alkyl sulfobetaines are suitable, for example, 3- (N,N-dimethyl N alkylammonium)-propane-l-sulfonate and 3-(N,N-dimethyl N alkylammonium)-2-hydroxypropane-l-sulfonate.
  • the preferred straight alkyl chains contain an average of. from 6 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • polyglycolether derivatives of alcohols, fatty acids and alkylphenols which contain 3- to 30 glycol ether groups and 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the I hydrocarbon radical.
  • Particularly suitable are polyoxyethyleneglycolether derivatives in which the number of oxyethylene groups is 5 to 15 and whose hydrocarbon radicals are derived from straight-chain primary alcohols; with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, or from alkylphenols with a straight-chain alkyl chain of 6 to 14 carbon atoms.- By the addition of 3 to 15 mols of propylene oxide to ethoxylated.
  • Preferred mixing constituents are also condensed phosphates, such as pyrophosphates, triphosphates, tetraphosphates, trimetaphosphates and tetrametaphosphates in the form of the neutral or acid alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts.
  • phosphates such as pyrophosphates, triphosphates, tetraphosphates, trimetaphosphates and tetrametaphosphates in the form of the neutral or acid alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts.
  • the condensed phosphates may also be wholly or partly replaced by organic, complex-forming aminopolycarboxylic acids. These include especially the alkali metal salts of nitrilotriacetic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The salts of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and the higher homologs of the said aminopolycar-,
  • boxylic acids are also suitable. These homologs may be prepared, for example, by polymerization of an ester, amide or nitrile of N-acetic acid aziridine and subsequent saponification to carboxylic acid salts or by reaction of polyalkylamines with a molecular weight of 500 to 100,000 with a haloacetic acid salt such as chloroacetic acid or bromoacetic acid salts in alkaline medium.
  • haloacetic acid salt such as chloroacetic acid or bromoacetic acid salts in alkaline medium.
  • aminopolycarboxylic acids are poly-(N-succinic acid)-'ethyleneimines and poly-(N-tricarballylic a ethyleneimines of average molecular weight 500 to 500,000, which are obtainable in a similar way to the N-acetic acid derivatives.
  • Suitable builder salts are the complex-forming water-soluble potassium and, especially, sodium salts of higher molecular weight polycarboxylic acids, for example of polymerizates of olefinic unsaturated mono-, diand tricarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citric acid, mesaconic acid, aconitic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
  • polycarboxylic acids for example of polymerizates of olefinic unsaturated mono-, diand tricarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citric acid, mesaconic acid, aconitic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
  • Copolymerizates of these carboxylic acids with one another or with other copolymerizable substances are also useful, as for example, olefinic unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene and styrene, with olefinic unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid and 3-butenecarboxylic acid, or with other olefinic unsaturated alcohols, ethers, esters, amides and nitriles such as vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, vinylmethyl ether, acrolein, vinyl acetate, acrylamide and acrylonitrile.
  • olefinic unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene and styrene
  • monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid and 3-butenecarboxylic acid
  • alcohols ethers, esters,
  • Copolymerizates from olefinic unsaturated mono-, diand tri-carboxylic acids and several olefinic unsaturated compounds of different structure are also suitable.
  • the polymerizates and copolymerizates have an average degree of polymerization of 3 to 6000 and, referred to 3 monomer units, should contain 1 to 9, preferably 2 to 9 carboxyl groups capable of forming salts.
  • the homopolymeric and copolymeric polycarboxylic acids capable of forming salts according to the foregoing definition can be represented by the following formula:
  • n an integer between 3 and 6000.
  • m is not restricted to whole numbers, but can take any optional numerical value, including also fractions of whole numbers from 0 to 2.
  • complex-forming phosphorus-containing polycarboxylic acid salts may be present, for example the alkali metal salts of aminopolyphosphonic acids, especially aminotri-(methylenephosphonic acid), ethylenediaminotetra(methylenephosphonic acid), 1 hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, methylenephosphonic acid, ethylenediphosphonic acid and also salts of the higher homologs of the said polyphosphonic acids. Mixtures of the aforesaid complex-forming substances are also useful.
  • alkali metal silicates especially sodium silicate, in which the ratio of Na O to Si0 amounts to 1:35 to 1:1.
  • carbonates, bicarbonates and borates of alkali metals such as sodium or potassium, and acids, such as lactic acid and citric acid may be added for adjustment of the pH value.
  • the amount of the alkaline-reacting substances inclusive of the alkali metal silicates and phosphates should be such that the pH value of a liquor usable for coarse washing amounts to 9 to 12 and for fine washing 6 to 9.
  • Compositions for mechanical dishwashing machines and for descaling of textiles, service pipes, washing machines and hot water heaters should be adjusted so that the liquor has a pH of from v9 to 14.
  • Further mixing components include oxygen-yielding bleaching agents such as alkali metal perborates, percarbomates, perpyrophosphates and persilicates as well as urea perhydrate. It is preferred to use sodium perborate tetrahydrate.
  • the compositions may contain magnesium silicate, for example in amounts from 3 to 20% by weight, referred to the amount of perborate.
  • Compositions to be used at temperatures below 70 C. for washing textiles, socalled cold washing compositions may contain bleaching activators, especially tetraacetylglycoluril, as a powder component.
  • the powder particles consisting of the bleaching activator or of the per-compound may be covered with coating substances, such as water-soluble polymers, fatty acids or salts granulated thereon, such as alkali metal silicates, sodium sulfate or disodium hydrogen phosphate, so as to avoid a reaction between the per-compound and the activator during storage.
  • coating substances such as water-soluble polymers, fatty acids or salts granulated thereon, such as alkali metal silicates, sodium sulfate or disodium hydrogen phosphate
  • optical brighteners for cellulosic fibers for example, those of the diaminostilbene-disulfonic acid type or its alkali metal salts according to the following formula in which X and Y represent the following: -NH -iNH-CH --NH-CH -CH OH,
  • optical brighteners of the diarylpyrazoline type according to the following formula may be present:
  • Ar and Ar represent aryl residues, such as phenyl, diphenyl or naphthyl, which may carry further substituents such as hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, amino, alkylamino, acylamino, carboxyl, sulfonic acid and sulfonamide groups or halogen atoms.
  • 1,3-diarylpyrazolines are preferably used in which Ar is p-sulfonamidophenyl and Ar is p-chlorophenyl.
  • whiteners suitable for the brightening of other types of fibers may be present, for example, such as of the type of naphthotriazolestilbene sulfonates, ethylene-bis-benzimidazoles, ethylene-bis-benzoxazoles, thiophene-bis-benzoxazoles, dialkylaminocoumarins, and cyanoanthracenes.
  • These brighteners or their mixtures can be present in the washing composition in amounts from 0.01% to 1.5% by Weight, preferably from 0.1% to 1% by weight.
  • antigreying or soil suspending compounds such as sodium celluloseglycolate, as well as the water-soluble alkali metal salts of synthetic polymers which contain free carboxylic groups.
  • polyesters or the polyamides of triand tetracarboxylic acids and dihydric alcohols or diamines also polymeric acrylic, methacrylic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic and aconitic acids, as well as the mixed polymerizates of the above-named unsaturated carboxylic acids or their mixed polymerizates with olefins.
  • Washing agents for washing textiles may also contain restoring additives, for example, fatty acid amides of diamines or hydroxyalkyldiamines.
  • the washing and cleaning compositions of the invention may also contain enzymes from the class of the proteases, lipases and amylases, which may be obtained from animal and vegetable origin, for example, from digestive ferments or yeasts, such as pepsin, pancreatin, trypsin, papain, catalase and diastase.
  • enzymic active substances are obtained from strains of bacteria or fungi, such as Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces griseus, which substances are relatively stable towards alkalis, per-compounds and anionic detergent substances and are not appreciably inactivated even at temperatures between 45 C. and 70 C.
  • compositions according to the invention are neutral salts, especially sodium sulfate, bacteriostatic substances such as halogenated phenolethers and thioethers, halogenated carbanilides and acylanilides and halogenated diphenylmethanes, and dye-stuffs and perfumes.
  • neutral salts especially sodium sulfate
  • bacteriostatic substances such as halogenated phenolethers and thioethers, halogenated carbanilides and acylanilides and halogenated diphenylmethanes, and dye-stuffs and perfumes.
  • compositions according to the invention are marked by a high washing power. They are excellently suited for use in automatic drum washing machines, since they have no tendency to foam over even at temperatures above 90" C. or when the washing liquor is boiled.
  • Textile softener compositions according to the invention contain primarily alkali metal polyphosphates, such as sodium or potassium polyphosphates, for example, pentasodium triphosphate, hexasodium tetraphosphate and their mixtures with polyphosphates of the formula Na P O where n represents a whole number from 5 to 20 and also sodium or potassium metaphosphates, such as sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tetrametaphosphate, and sodium polymetaphosphates of the formula (NaPO where m represents a whole number from 5 to 30.
  • alkali metal polyphosphates such as sodium or potassium polyphosphates, for example, pentasodium triphosphate, hexasodium tetraphosphate and their mixtures with polyphosphates of the formula Na P O where n represents a whole number from 5 to 20 and also sodium or potassium metaphosphates, such as sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tetrametaphosphate, and sodium polymetaphosphate
  • the condensed phosphates may optionally be completely or partially replaced by complexing agents from the class of aminopolycarboxylic acids, alkanediphosphonic acids, hydroxyalkanediphosphonic acids, and aminoalkanepolyphosphonic acids, or their alkali metal salts.
  • washing, cleansing and softening compositions may optionally contain other known foam inhibitors, such as saturated fatty acids with 20 to 24 carbon atoms or their alkali metal salts, parafiins, higher molecular weight fatty acid esters or triglycerides, or trialkylmelamines. Such additions may often have a synergistic elfect.
  • the surface-active compounds can consist of up to 100%, preferably from 5% to 70%, of compounds of the sulfonate and/or sulfate type, up to 100%, preferably from 5% to 40% of non-ionic compounds ofthe polyglycolether type and up to 100%, preferably from 10% to 50%, of soaps.
  • the builder salts can consist of up to 100%, preferably 25% to 95%, of alkali metal triphosphates and their mixtures with alkali metal pyrophosphates, up to 100%, preferably 5% to 50%, of an ailkali metal salt of a complexing compound from the class of polyphosphonic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and their alkali metal salts, and up to 100%, preferably from 5% to 75%, of at least one compound of the class of alkali metal silicates, alkali metal carbonates and alkali metal borates.
  • auxiliary and supplementary washing agent compounds belong in addition to the optical brighteners, especially enzymes which can be present in an amount of up to 5%, preferably from 0.2% to 3%, and the additional anti-greying compounds which can be present in an amount of up to 5 preferably from 0.2% to 3%.
  • the sulfate and sulfonate basic surface-active washing components and soaps are generally used as the sodium salts although other alkali metal salts may be employed. If liquid preparations are used, the anionic detergent substances may advantageously be used in the form of the mono-, dior triethanolammonium salts.
  • Pulverulent, weakly foaming washing agent 3% to 15% of sulfonate basic surface-active washing component from the class of alkylbenzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates and n-alkanesulfonates,
  • alkylpolyglycolethers C to C -alkyl
  • alkylphenolpolyglycolethers C to C -alkyl
  • an inorganic salt from the class of the carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates and chlorides of alkali metals,
  • the low-foaming rinsing, washing and cleaningcomfrom 1% to 40% by weight of said ingredient'A of at least one surface-active compound selected from ('1) anionic surface-active agents, (2) amphoteric surface-active agents and (3) non-ionic surface-active agents, frm,T%

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US00175772A 1970-08-31 1971-08-27 Low-foaming rinsing washing and cleaning compositions Expired - Lifetime US3751370A (en)

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DE19702043086 DE2043086A1 (de) 1970-08-31 1970-08-31 Schwachschaumendes Wasch , Reimgungs und Enthartungsmittel

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AT (1) AT311524B (forum.php)
BE (1) BE771881A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH559247A5 (forum.php)
DE (1) DE2043086A1 (forum.php)
ES (1) ES394649A1 (forum.php)
FR (1) FR2103635B1 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1324289A (forum.php)
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NL (1) NL7110341A (forum.php)
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4082689A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-04-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Antifoam compositions and process with bis-α-hydroxyamine derivatives
US4127512A (en) * 1975-08-08 1978-11-28 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Low-foaming washing agent compositions and foam inhibitor compositions
US4227007A (en) * 1977-01-31 1980-10-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Diurethanes
US4243815A (en) * 1979-02-09 1981-01-06 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of methylene-bis(4-phenylcarbamic acid esters)
US4696761A (en) * 1982-12-08 1987-09-29 Byk-Chemie Gmbh De-foamer and processes for its production
US4852989A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-08-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleaching compounds and compositions comprising fatty peroxyacids salts thereof and precursors therefor having amide moieties in the fatty chain
US4960540A (en) * 1989-08-24 1990-10-02 Friel Jr Thomas C Alkoxylated bis-amide defoaming compounds
US5234626A (en) * 1990-02-28 1993-08-10 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Methods of demulsifying employing condensates as demulsifiers for oil-in water emulsions
US6303557B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2001-10-16 S. C. Johnson Commercial Markets, Inc. Fast acting disinfectant and cleaner containing a polymeric biguanide

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2720512C2 (de) * 1977-05-06 1986-01-16 Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München Antischaummittel
ATE23560T1 (de) * 1982-02-04 1986-11-15 Unilever Nv Verfahren zur herstellung von schwach schaeumenden detergenszusammensetzungen.

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4127512A (en) * 1975-08-08 1978-11-28 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Low-foaming washing agent compositions and foam inhibitor compositions
US4082689A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-04-04 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Antifoam compositions and process with bis-α-hydroxyamine derivatives
US4227007A (en) * 1977-01-31 1980-10-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Diurethanes
US4243815A (en) * 1979-02-09 1981-01-06 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of methylene-bis(4-phenylcarbamic acid esters)
US4696761A (en) * 1982-12-08 1987-09-29 Byk-Chemie Gmbh De-foamer and processes for its production
US4852989A (en) * 1987-05-08 1989-08-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleaching compounds and compositions comprising fatty peroxyacids salts thereof and precursors therefor having amide moieties in the fatty chain
US4960540A (en) * 1989-08-24 1990-10-02 Friel Jr Thomas C Alkoxylated bis-amide defoaming compounds
US5234626A (en) * 1990-02-28 1993-08-10 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Methods of demulsifying employing condensates as demulsifiers for oil-in water emulsions
US6303557B1 (en) 1999-11-16 2001-10-16 S. C. Johnson Commercial Markets, Inc. Fast acting disinfectant and cleaner containing a polymeric biguanide

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FR2103635A1 (forum.php) 1972-04-14
IE35574L (en) 1972-02-29
AT311524B (de) 1973-11-26
ZA715767B (en) 1972-09-27
ES394649A1 (es) 1974-09-01
IE35574B1 (en) 1976-03-18
BE771881A (fr) 1972-02-28
TR16987A (tr) 1974-03-06
CH559247A5 (forum.php) 1975-02-28
FR2103635B1 (forum.php) 1973-06-29
GB1324289A (en) 1973-07-25
NL7110341A (forum.php) 1972-03-02
DE2043086A1 (de) 1972-03-30

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