US3745420A - Circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of electromagnetic adjusting elements as a function of a d.c.voltage - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of electromagnetic adjusting elements as a function of a d.c.voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
US3745420A
US3745420A US00247334A US3745420DA US3745420A US 3745420 A US3745420 A US 3745420A US 00247334 A US00247334 A US 00247334A US 3745420D A US3745420D A US 3745420DA US 3745420 A US3745420 A US 3745420A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit arrangement
arrangement according
adjusting member
voltage
output
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00247334A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Hafner
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Daimler Benz AG
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Daimler Benz AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
    • G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
    • G05D3/14—Control of position or direction using feedback using an analogue comparing device
    • G05D3/18—Control of position or direction using feedback using an analogue comparing device delivering a series of pulses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of electromagnetic actuating or correcting members as a function of a direct current voltage.
  • Such circuit arrangements are required, for example, in order to actuate by way of an actuating magnet the control rack of a Diesel injection pump in dependence on the engine rotational speed.
  • a problem with such types of circuit arrangements resides in that the correcting or adjusting members cannot follow immediately slight changes of the d.c. control voltage, for example, by reason of mechanical friction.
  • the aim of the present invention resides in providing a circuit arrangement of the aforementioned type by means of which the adjusting members are realiably readjusted also in case of only slight changes of the d.c. control voltage.
  • the present invention proposes that the d.c. voltage is chopped into a rectangular pulse voltage with constant amplitude as well as with a varying pulse spacing and varying pulse width in such a manner that the average value of the pulse voltage is equal to the d.c. voltage, and that the pulse voltage acts against a prestress engaging at the adjusting member.
  • the adjusting member carries out slight vibrational movements under the influence of the pulse voltage which assures that also with slight changes of the d.c. control voltage, the static friction is reliably overcome and an accurate readjustment of the adjusting member takes place.
  • provision is made that the d.c. voltage is applied by way of a series-resistance to the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier, to the inverting input of which is connected a condenser charged by way of a resistance from the output of the amplifier, and in that the output of the opera tional amplifier controls a transistor amplifier, in the output circuit of which is connected the adjusting member.
  • the output of the operational amplifier is preferably connected with the non-inverting input by way of a positive feedback resistance.
  • the values of the positive feedback resistance and of the series-connected resistance are thereby preferably at a ratio of approximately 10 l.
  • the condenser has preferably a capacity of the order of magnitude of one-tenth microfarads.
  • the output of the operational amplifier controls an output or final transistor by way of a Darlington-circuit including a transistor.
  • the two transistors are preferably of opposite conductivity type.
  • a diode which is poled oppositely to the base emitter circuit of the output transistor is preferably connected in parallel with the adjusting member.
  • the output compensation of the operational amplifier preferably includes a condenser having a low capacity.
  • the adjusting or correcting member is preferably prestressed by a spring against the effect of the pulse voltage. It consists advantageously of an actuating or adjusting magnet.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in a circuit arrangement which assures reliable and immediate readjustments of the adjusting member even in case of only slight changes in the d.c. control voltage.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in a circuit arrangement for accurately adjusting electromagnetic actuating members as a function of a d.c. voltage which permits a simple and economic conversion of the d.c. voltage into rectangular pulse voltages while at the same time avoiding undesired ohmic heating of the transistors used in the circuit.
  • Still another object of the present invention resides in a circuit arrangement of the type described above which effectively protects its components against peak voltages and which is characterized by extraordinary reliability in its switching operations.
  • the single FIGURE is a schematic circuit diagram for the control circuit arrangement of a preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • an operational amplifier 36 of any conventional construction is connected between two lines 47, 48 which carry a voltage of, for example, 12 volts, which may stem for instance from a vehicle battery.
  • the noninverting input of the operational amplifier 36 is connected with the control d.c. voltage E by way of a series resistance 37.
  • the output of the operational amplifier 36 is connected on the one hand, with the noninverting input by way of a positive feedback resistance 42 which is approximately times as large as the series resistance 37, and, on the other, is connected by way of a resistance 38,with a condenser 39 which is connected between the line 48 and the inverting input
  • the output of the operational amplifier 36 is connected to the line 47 by way of a voltage divider 44, 45.
  • a first transistor 40 is connected with its base to the point of connection of the two resistances 44 and 45 whereas its emitter is directly connected with the line 47.
  • the collector of the transistor 40 is connected to the base of an output or power transistor 41 which is of opposite conductivity type as the transistor 40.
  • the collector of the transistor 41 is connected with the line 47 whereas its emitter supplies the rectangular pulse voltage E to an adjusting magnet 12 of any conventional construction having a servo element 12' connected to bias spring 12".
  • a diode 43 is connected in parallel to the adjusting magnet 12, which is conductive in a direction opposite to the direction of the base emitter circuit of the transistor 41.
  • the output compensation of the operational amplifier 36 is equipped with a condenser 46 having a slight capacity.
  • the output transistor 41 is now blocked, i.e., nonconductive.
  • the condenser 39 begins to charge by way of the resistance 38.
  • the operational amplifier 36 operating as comparator flips over. Its output now becomes negative and the output transistor 41 becomes conductive. Simultaneously, the voltage at the condenser 39 again decreases, and the voltage at the non-inverting input jumps down by the value of the positive feedback.
  • the operational amplifier 36 now flips back again into its original condition only when the voltage at the condenser 39'drops below the value at the non-inverting input. Up to that point of time, the output transistor 41 remains conductive.
  • the condenser 46 serves for avoiding switching uncertainties.
  • the average voltage at the non-inverting input corresponds to the control voltage and to the average charging voltage at the condenser 39.
  • the output voltage of the operational amplifier 36 therefore assumes only two end values so that the keying ratio of the output voltage is fixedly coordinated to the d.c. control voltage E
  • the duration of energization of the adjusting magnet 12 is proportional to the d.c. control voltage E If the d.c. control voltage changes within a shifting period by more than the width of the positive feedback hysteresis, then an excessively long pulse will appear during a control voltage rise at the output. The pulse lasts for such length of time until the condenser voltage has reached the new hysteresis band.
  • the pulse frequency By an appropriate selection of the pulse frequency, a slight co-vibration or sympathetic vibration of the adjusting member 12 is achieved according to the present invention whereby the mechanical friction hysteresis is decisively lessened.
  • the pulse frequency therefore has to be matched to the inertia of the adjusting magnet.
  • Resistor 37 18 K Resistor 38 270 K Condenser 39 0.15 ILF Resistor 42 K Resistor 44 2.7 K
  • Resistor 45 l K Condenser 46 22 p While I have shown and described only one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it is understood that the same is not limited thereto but is sus' ceptible of numerous changes and modifications as known to those skilled in the art. For example, the values of the component elements may be changed to suit a particular need and appropriate changes may also be made in the circuits of the operational amplifier and/or other transistors as known to those skilled in the art. Hence, I do not wish to be limited to the details shown and described herein but intend to cover all such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims.
  • a circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of an adjusting member as a function of a d.c. control voltage characterized by means for chopping the d.c. control voltage into a substantially rectangular pulse voltage with substantially constant amplitude as well as with varying pulse spacing and varying pulse width in such a manner that the average value of the pulse voltage is; substantially equal to the d.c. control voltage, and connecting means operable to cause the pulse voltage to act against a prestress engaging at the adjusting member, characterized in that the chopper means includes an operational amplifier means having a noninverting input and an inverting input as well as an out put, the d.c.
  • control voltage being applied by way of a series-connected resistor to the non-inverting input, condenser means charged from the output of the operational amplifier means by way of a charging resistor and connected to the inverting input, the output of the operational amplifier means controlling a transistor amplifier means, and said transistor amplifier means having an output circuit to which the adjusting member is operatively connected.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 8 characterized in that a diode is connected in parallel to the adjusting member which has a polarity opposite to the base emitter circuit of the output transistor.
  • the adjusting member is an adjusta spring against the efi'ect of the pulse voltage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
US00247334A 1971-04-26 1972-04-25 Circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of electromagnetic adjusting elements as a function of a d.c.voltage Expired - Lifetime US3745420A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712120458 DE2120458A1 (de) 1971-04-26 1971-04-26 Schaltungsanordnung zur genauen Einstellung elektromagnetischer Stellglieder als Funktion einer Gleichspannung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3745420A true US3745420A (en) 1973-07-10

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US00247334A Expired - Lifetime US3745420A (en) 1971-04-26 1972-04-25 Circuit arrangement for the accurate adjustment of electromagnetic adjusting elements as a function of a d.c.voltage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3745420A (de)
DE (1) DE2120458A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2136681A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1371673A (de)
IT (1) IT957629B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870931A (en) * 1974-02-04 1975-03-11 Sun Chemical Corp Solenoid servomechanism
US3895315A (en) * 1974-01-14 1975-07-15 Beckman Instruments Inc Voltage variable operational amplifier relaxation oscillator
US3904938A (en) * 1974-11-15 1975-09-09 Rockwell International Corp Electromechanical system having improved electrical driving means
US3906391A (en) * 1974-06-14 1975-09-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Linear period thermistor temperature oscillator
US3982193A (en) * 1973-12-21 1976-09-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for generating a sampling pulse raster adapted to the variable period of quasiperiodic events
US4039917A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-08-02 Klein, Schanzlin & Becker Aktiengesellschaft On-off servocontroller generating a pulse-duration-modulated error-compensating signal
US4249225A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-02-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetic field transducer systems
US4282843A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-08-11 Lucas Industries Limited Liquid fuel injection pump
US4338902A (en) * 1978-07-14 1982-07-13 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel supplying device for internal combustion engine
US4366524A (en) * 1977-03-31 1982-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Electromechanical transducer controlling device
US4397368A (en) * 1978-03-06 1983-08-09 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Driving circuits of solenoid actuated devices
US4647009A (en) * 1982-06-01 1987-03-03 Nippon Soken, Inc. Electromagnetic rotary driving device
US4977360A (en) * 1984-12-26 1990-12-11 Cibie Projecteurs Method and circuit for controlling a position-controlling DC motor and a system for controlling linear displacement in accordance with the method

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2737411C2 (de) * 1977-08-19 1987-02-12 C. & E. Fein Gmbh & Co, 7000 Stuttgart Schaltungsanordnung für eine elektronische Steuerung
DE3129610A1 (de) * 1981-07-28 1983-02-17 Bosch und Pierburg System oHG, 4040 Neuss Steuerschaltung fuer stellglieder
DE3200457C2 (de) * 1982-01-09 1985-04-25 Pierburg Gmbh & Co Kg, 4040 Neuss Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung wenigstens eines elektromagnetischen Stellglieds
DE4241121A1 (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-07-01 Atlas Fahrzeugtechnik Gmbh Proportional current operated activator for valves - has pulse width modulated mode with dither frequency voltage and control signals mapped into memory

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4039917A (en) * 1973-04-13 1977-08-02 Klein, Schanzlin & Becker Aktiengesellschaft On-off servocontroller generating a pulse-duration-modulated error-compensating signal
US3982193A (en) * 1973-12-21 1976-09-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for generating a sampling pulse raster adapted to the variable period of quasiperiodic events
US3895315A (en) * 1974-01-14 1975-07-15 Beckman Instruments Inc Voltage variable operational amplifier relaxation oscillator
US3870931A (en) * 1974-02-04 1975-03-11 Sun Chemical Corp Solenoid servomechanism
US3906391A (en) * 1974-06-14 1975-09-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Linear period thermistor temperature oscillator
US3904938A (en) * 1974-11-15 1975-09-09 Rockwell International Corp Electromechanical system having improved electrical driving means
US4366524A (en) * 1977-03-31 1982-12-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Electromechanical transducer controlling device
USRE32035E (en) * 1977-03-31 1985-11-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Electromechanical transducer controlling device
US4397368A (en) * 1978-03-06 1983-08-09 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Driving circuits of solenoid actuated devices
US4282843A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-08-11 Lucas Industries Limited Liquid fuel injection pump
US4338902A (en) * 1978-07-14 1982-07-13 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel supplying device for internal combustion engine
US4249225A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-02-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnetic field transducer systems
US4647009A (en) * 1982-06-01 1987-03-03 Nippon Soken, Inc. Electromagnetic rotary driving device
US4977360A (en) * 1984-12-26 1990-12-11 Cibie Projecteurs Method and circuit for controlling a position-controlling DC motor and a system for controlling linear displacement in accordance with the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2120458A1 (de) 1972-11-02
GB1371673A (en) 1974-10-23
FR2136681A5 (de) 1972-12-22
IT957629B (it) 1973-10-20

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