US3742301A - Corona generator - Google Patents

Corona generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3742301A
US3742301A US00252207A US3742301DA US3742301A US 3742301 A US3742301 A US 3742301A US 00252207 A US00252207 A US 00252207A US 3742301D A US3742301D A US 3742301DA US 3742301 A US3742301 A US 3742301A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tubing
plastic
generator
conductor
conductive material
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00252207A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Burris
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/10—Preparation of ozone
    • C01B13/11—Preparation of ozone by electric discharge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2201/00—Preparation of ozone by electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/20—Electrodes used for obtaining electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/24—Composition of the electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2201/00—Preparation of ozone by electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/30—Dielectrics used in the electrical dischargers
    • C01B2201/34—Composition of the dielectrics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2201/00—Preparation of ozone by electrical discharge
    • C01B2201/70—Cooling of the discharger; Means for making cooling unnecessary
    • C01B2201/74—Cooling of the discharger; Means for making cooling unnecessary by liquid
    • C01B2201/76—Water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S422/00—Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing
    • Y10S422/907—Corona or glow discharge means

Definitions

  • a corona generator is formed of simple, bendable or flexible tubing and includes a plastic dielectric for simplicity and economy.
  • a long length of tubing is formed into a convenient coil, and the tubing is arranged in several combinations including electrodes, plastic dielectric, and a gap where a corona discharge is formed and through which a gas is passed.
  • the invention involves recognition of a way to make a corona generator that is far cheaper than any known corona generators, partly from the discovery that plastic is a workable dielectric.
  • the invention seeks simplicity, economy, and a substantial reduction in production costs for a corona generator.
  • the invention also aims at construction of a corona generator out of commonly available and inexpensive materials while maintaining reasonable operating efficiency.
  • One preferred form of the inventive generator uses a long length of readily bendable tubing formed of electrically conductive material with a long length of plastic-covered electrical conductor inside the tubing and extending substantially the full length of the tubing.
  • the inside diameter of the tubing exceeds the outside diameter of the plastic-covered conductor by from 0.5 millimeters.
  • a gas is forced through the tubing, and a high voltage is applied to the plastic-covered conductor relative to the tubing.
  • the tubing is curved into a convenient shape for operation.
  • Another form of the inventive generator uses a long length of flexible, plastic tubing surrounded by an electrically conductive material.
  • a long length of electric conductor is in the plastic tubing and extends substantially the full length of the plastic tubing.
  • the inside diameter of the plastic tubing exceeds the outside diameter of the conductor by from 0.5 5 millimeters.
  • a gas is forced through the plastic tubing, and a high voltage is applied to the conductor relative to the conductive material.
  • the plastic tubing is curved into a convenient shape for operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially schematic view of one preferred embodiment of the inventive corona generator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another preferred embodiment of the inventive corona generator.
  • FIGS. 3 12 are partially schematic, cross-sectional views of various tubing arrangements for the inventive generator.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are each arranged for generating ozone which is bubbled into a water tank for a water purefication system.
  • inventive corona generator can be used for other processes, and FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate only one of many applications for such equipment.
  • the FIG. 1 arrangement generates a corona in a coiled tubing outside of water tank 11, and the arrangement of FIG. 2 generates a corona in a coiled tubing 12 inside water tank 13.
  • Each arrangement uses an air compressor 14 5 join in a T-connection 17 leading to the tubing coils 10 and 12.
  • Tubings 10 and 12 are each flexible or bendable enough to be curved into convenient shapes such as coils or loops, and they can run to substantial lengths such as 10 meters or more.
  • a corona discharge occurs substantially throughout the length of tubings l0 and 12 to help considerably in cooling the generator.
  • Either tubing can be submerged in liquid to facilitate cooling, and either can be laid in a pipeline, tank, or other container in coils, loops or bends.
  • tubings 10 and 12 are important to achieve the economy sought by the invention.
  • Preferably simple, economical and readily available materials are arranged so that the corona generator is cheap and efficient and so the dielectric material between the electrodes does not break down.
  • the prior art has proposed many complicated arrangements for electrodes and dielectric materials in corona generators, but the inventive generator is far simpler and cheaper and still efficient.
  • Tubing 10 of FIG. 3 is the type used in the generator of FIG. 1 and includes a length of electrically conducting tubing 10 formed preferably of aluminum, copper, or stainless steel so that tubing 10 is readily bendable and can easily be coiled and uncoiled. Suitable tubing is widely available for other purposes, and aluminum tubing is preferred for ozone generating.
  • a conductor wire 17 encased in a coating of plastic 18.
  • Wire 17 can be a single or multi-strand conductor in generally available form with a plastic insulator coating 18 preferably of a material having high dielectric strength, a high dielectric constant, and high ozone resistance.
  • plastic insulator coating 18 preferably of a material having high dielectric strength, a high dielectric constant, and high ozone resistance.
  • polyvinyl chloride and many polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone rubber, other plastic insulator materials are acceptable.
  • tubing 10 exceeds the outside diameter of plastic coating 18 by from 0.5 5 millimeters, and preferably by about 1.5 millimeters to form an efficient-sized gap for the corona discharge.
  • Tubing l0 and conductor 17 form the electrodes for the generator, and a high potential difference is applied between tubing 10 and conductor 17.
  • tubing 10 is preferably grounded and a high voltage of preferably 5,000 to 10,000 volts is applied to conductor 17. This creates a corona discharge in the gap between plastic coating 18 and tubing 10, so that a gas can be passed through such gap along the length of tubing 10 for processing.
  • wire 17 with its plastic coating 18 can be laid loosely inside tube 10 and free to contact the inside surface of tube 10 and still form a very satisfactory corona generator.
  • wire 17 can be centered inside of tube 10, and one way of doing this is shown in FIG. 8 where plastic coating 18 has extruded fins l9 bridging the gap between plastic 18 and tubing 10.
  • plastic spacer strand 31 can be wrapped in a helix around plastic 18 to center it within tubing 10 as shown in FIG. 10.
  • Tubing 12 of FIG. 4 is the type used in the generator of FIG. 2 and includes a substantial length of flexible plastic tubing 12 preferably formed of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, silicone rubber or some other plastic insulator having high dielectric strength, a high dielectric constant, and high ozone resistance.
  • a metal conductor 20 is arranged inside tubing 12 and extends for substantially the full length of tubing 12, which can amount to 10 meters or more, for example.
  • the inside diameter of tubing 12 exceeds the outside diameter of conductor 20 by 0.5 millimeters, and preferably by about 1.5 millimeters. Water 21 surrounding tubing 12 provides one of the electrodes, and also helps cool tubing 12.
  • Water 21 is grounded as illustrated, and a high voltage of preferably 5,000 to 10,000 volts is applied to conductor 20 to produce a corona in the gap between conductor 20 and tubing 12 along the length of tubing 12 so that a gas passed through the gap is processed.
  • Another conductive liquid can be substituted for water 21, or a metallic or other electrode can be arranged outside tubing 12 if desired.
  • FIG. 5 showns an embodiment similar to the embodiment of FIG. 3, except that tubing has a plastic coating 22 on its inside, and conductor 23 is arranged inside plastic tube 22.
  • Conductor 23 can be a solid rod as illustrated, or a hollow tube such as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the preferred gaps and voltages are preferably as previously described.
  • FIG. 6 is also similar to FIG. 3 in using tubing 10, but the internal electrode is formed as a length of plastic tubing 24 filled with a conductive liquid 25.
  • the high voltage is applied to liquid 25, and liquid 25 can be circulated along the length of tubing 24 if desired. Again, preferred gaps and voltages are as previously described.
  • FIG. '7 has two corona gaps. It uses plastic tubing 12 immersed in a conductive liquid 21 and having an internal conductive tubing as described above relative to FIG. 4. It adds a conductive wire 26 having a plastic coating 27 and arranged inside conductor tube 20 with a 0.5 5 millimeter gap for an additional corona discharge. A gas is passed between tubing 20 and tubing 12, and also between tubing 20 and the plastic coating 27 of wire 26. Then if a high voltage is applied to conductor 20, and conductor 26 is held at the ground potential of the surrounding liquid 21, two corona discharges occur on either side of conductor 20 so that a gas can be passed through each of these for processing.
  • FIG. 9 uses a bendable metal tubing 28 having a plastic liner 29 with extruded internal projections 30 centering a metal tubular conductor 32 inside tubing 23. A high voltage is applied to conductor 32, and tubing 28 is grounded to produce a corona discharge in the gaps between the projections 30 of plastic liner 29.
  • FIG. 10 uses a bendable metal tubing 33 carrying a conductor 34 having a plastic insulating covering 35, and a plastic strand 31 is formed in a helix around plastic insulator 35 to center conductor 34 within tubing 33.
  • a high voltage is applied to conductor 34, and tubing 33 is grounded to produce a corona discharge in the gap formed along the path of helical strand 31.
  • a bendable metal tubing 36 is submerged in a cooling and grounded liquid 37 and has a plastic tubular lining 38.
  • a conductor 39 has an extruded plastic coating 40 that has extruded fins 41 centering conductor 39 within plastic tubing 38.
  • Tubing 38 and covering 40 form a pair of dielectrics across the gap set by projections 41 so that when a high voltage is applied to conductor 39, and tubing 36 is grounded, a corona discharge occurs in such gap.
  • Separated dielectrics can be arranged in many other ways to form a corona discharge gap.
  • a plastic tubing 42 contains a pair of conductors 43 and 44 each having respective plastic insulating coatings 45 and 46.
  • a gas is passed through tubing 42 in the space left by conductors 43 and 44 and their insulator coatings 45 and 46, so that when a high voltage is applied to conductor 43 relative to conductor 44, a corona discharge occurs within tubing 42.
  • tubing 42 merely contains the processed gas and the conductors and can be formed of any convenient material.
  • tubing being curved into a convenient shape.
  • tubing is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper and stainless steel.
  • the generator of claim 1 including a container of liquid, means for discharging gas from said tubing into said liquid, and a check valve arranged between said liquid and said tubing.
  • the generator of claim 1 including a helical plastic strand around said plastic-covered conductor to center said conductor within said tubing.
  • the generator of claim 1 including means for immersing said tubing in a cooling liquid.
  • said metal tubing being curved into a convenient shape.
  • the generator of claim 10 including a helical plastic strand around said plastic tubing to center said plastic tubing in said metal tubing.
  • the generator of claim 10 including means for immersing said metal tubing in liquid.
  • plastic tubing being curved into a convenient shape.
  • the generator of claim 17 including means for discharging said gas into said water.
  • the generator of claim 18 including a check valve at the discharge end of said tubing.
  • the generator of claim 22 including a long length of plastic-covered electrical conductor inside said conductive tubing and extending substantially the full length of said conductive tubing, the inside diameter of said conductive tubing exceeding the outside diameter of said plastic-covered conductor by from 0.5 5 millimeters, means for forcing a gas through said conductive tubing, and means for maintaining said plasticcovered conductor at substantially the same voltage potential as said conductive material surrounding said plastic tubing.
  • the generator of claim 16 including extruded, internal, plastic fins on said plastic tubing for centering said electric conductor in said plastic tubing.
  • the generator of claim 16 including a helical plastic strand centering said electrical conductor in said plastic tubing.
  • tubing being curved into a convenient shape.
  • the generator of claim 32 including means for submerging said tubing in a liquid.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
US00252207A 1972-05-11 1972-05-11 Corona generator Expired - Lifetime US3742301A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25220772A 1972-05-11 1972-05-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3742301A true US3742301A (en) 1973-06-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00252207A Expired - Lifetime US3742301A (en) 1972-05-11 1972-05-11 Corona generator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3742301A (de)
JP (1) JPS4962096A (de)
CA (1) CA1014221A (de)
DE (1) DE2323676A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2184093B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1402674A (de)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2339269A1 (fr) * 1976-01-23 1977-08-19 Xerox Corp Dispositif de charge a effet couronne, de petites dimensions
US4151577A (en) * 1976-01-09 1979-04-24 Amcor Ltd. Ionization device employing a grounded insulative housing member spaced from an ionization electrode
US4156267A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-05-22 Vanguard Energy Systems Gas ionizing
EP0018318A1 (de) * 1979-04-02 1980-10-29 CBS Biotechnic SA Apparat zur Ozonerzeugung und seine Verwendung
FR2477791A1 (fr) * 1980-03-10 1981-09-11 Armstrong World Ind Inc Systeme d'electrodes de decharge corona
WO1982002983A1 (en) * 1981-02-24 1982-09-02 Mfg Co Dennison Corona charging apparatus
US4379969A (en) * 1981-02-24 1983-04-12 Dennison Manufacturing Company Corona charging apparatus
US4476387A (en) * 1981-02-24 1984-10-09 Delphax Systems Corona charging apparatus
US4910637A (en) * 1978-10-23 1990-03-20 Rinoud Hanna Modifying the discharge breakdown
US4924092A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-05-08 Electro-Technic Products Company Corona generating system
FR2668387A1 (fr) * 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Centre Nat Rech Scient Reacteur a decharges electriques de proximite notamment pour la production d'ozone.
US5207993A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-05-04 Burris William A Batch liquid purifier
US5529760A (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-25 Burris; William A. Ozone generator
US5698164A (en) * 1994-12-27 1997-12-16 Takashi Kishioka Low-temperature plasma generator
US5759497A (en) * 1994-04-28 1998-06-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ozone generating apparatus
US5866081A (en) * 1996-08-19 1999-02-02 Hughes Electronics Corporation Deposited inner electrode for corona discharge pollutant destruction reactor
EP0910544A2 (de) * 1996-06-26 1999-04-28 Ozontech Ltd. Anwendungen von ozon für desinfektion, reinigung und desodorierung
WO2001056126A1 (en) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-02 Potchefstroom University For Christian Higher Education Air moving apparatus
US6287431B1 (en) 1997-03-21 2001-09-11 Lynntech International, Ltd. Integrated ozone generator system
US6461487B1 (en) 1998-01-05 2002-10-08 Lynntech International Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas
US6551474B1 (en) 1997-03-31 2003-04-22 Lynntech International Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas and ozone dissolved in water
US6964739B2 (en) 2000-12-12 2005-11-15 Tersano Inc. Device and method for generating and applying ozonated water
US20100065415A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2010-03-18 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co., Ltd Plasma Generation System and Plasma Generation Method
WO2013163958A1 (zh) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 余剑锋 电子网空气过滤装置

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5057500A (de) * 1973-09-19 1975-05-19
JPS559613Y2 (de) * 1976-06-21 1980-03-03
JPS53143855U (de) * 1977-04-20 1978-11-13
JPS56103020U (de) * 1979-12-30 1981-08-12
JPH057215Y2 (de) * 1989-08-31 1993-02-24
GB9110493D0 (en) * 1991-05-15 1991-07-03 Willis James D Apparatus and method for generating ozone

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822327A (en) * 1955-03-31 1958-02-04 Gen Electric Method of generating ozone
FR1159012A (fr) * 1956-10-08 1958-06-23 Cie Des Eaux & De L Ozone Appareil ozoneur portatif
BE629724A (de) * 1962-03-28
NL126937C (de) * 1965-07-07
FR1584554A (de) * 1968-06-17 1969-12-26

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4151577A (en) * 1976-01-09 1979-04-24 Amcor Ltd. Ionization device employing a grounded insulative housing member spaced from an ionization electrode
FR2339269A1 (fr) * 1976-01-23 1977-08-19 Xerox Corp Dispositif de charge a effet couronne, de petites dimensions
US4156267A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-05-22 Vanguard Energy Systems Gas ionizing
US4910637A (en) * 1978-10-23 1990-03-20 Rinoud Hanna Modifying the discharge breakdown
EP0018318A1 (de) * 1979-04-02 1980-10-29 CBS Biotechnic SA Apparat zur Ozonerzeugung und seine Verwendung
FR2477791A1 (fr) * 1980-03-10 1981-09-11 Armstrong World Ind Inc Systeme d'electrodes de decharge corona
DE3104888A1 (de) * 1980-03-10 1981-12-03 Armstrong World Industries, Inc., 17604 Lancaster, Pa. Koronaentladungselektrodenvorrichtung
WO1982002983A1 (en) * 1981-02-24 1982-09-02 Mfg Co Dennison Corona charging apparatus
US4379969A (en) * 1981-02-24 1983-04-12 Dennison Manufacturing Company Corona charging apparatus
US4476387A (en) * 1981-02-24 1984-10-09 Delphax Systems Corona charging apparatus
US4924092A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-05-08 Electro-Technic Products Company Corona generating system
US5207993A (en) * 1990-08-31 1993-05-04 Burris William A Batch liquid purifier
FR2668387A1 (fr) * 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Centre Nat Rech Scient Reacteur a decharges electriques de proximite notamment pour la production d'ozone.
US5759497A (en) * 1994-04-28 1998-06-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ozone generating apparatus
US5948374A (en) * 1994-04-28 1999-09-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ozone generating apparatus
US6093289A (en) * 1994-04-28 2000-07-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ozone generating method
US5529760A (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-06-25 Burris; William A. Ozone generator
US5698164A (en) * 1994-12-27 1997-12-16 Takashi Kishioka Low-temperature plasma generator
EP0910544A4 (de) * 1996-06-26 2005-02-09 Ozontech Ltd Anwendungen von ozon für desinfektion, reinigung und desodorierung
EP0910544A2 (de) * 1996-06-26 1999-04-28 Ozontech Ltd. Anwendungen von ozon für desinfektion, reinigung und desodorierung
US5866081A (en) * 1996-08-19 1999-02-02 Hughes Electronics Corporation Deposited inner electrode for corona discharge pollutant destruction reactor
US6287431B1 (en) 1997-03-21 2001-09-11 Lynntech International, Ltd. Integrated ozone generator system
US6712951B2 (en) 1997-03-21 2004-03-30 Lynntech International, Ltd. Integrated ozone generator process
US6551474B1 (en) 1997-03-31 2003-04-22 Lynntech International Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas and ozone dissolved in water
US6461487B1 (en) 1998-01-05 2002-10-08 Lynntech International Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas
US6576096B1 (en) 1998-01-05 2003-06-10 Lynntech International, Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas and ozone dissolved in water
US6746580B2 (en) 1998-01-05 2004-06-08 Lynntech International, Ltd. Generation and delivery device for ozone gas and ozone dissolved in water
WO2001056126A1 (en) * 2000-01-27 2001-08-02 Potchefstroom University For Christian Higher Education Air moving apparatus
US6964739B2 (en) 2000-12-12 2005-11-15 Tersano Inc. Device and method for generating and applying ozonated water
US20100065415A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2010-03-18 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co., Ltd Plasma Generation System and Plasma Generation Method
US8168130B2 (en) * 2005-09-16 2012-05-01 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co., Ltd. Plasma generation system and plasma generation method
US8501106B2 (en) 2005-09-16 2013-08-06 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co., Ltd. Plasma generation system and plasma generation method
WO2013163958A1 (zh) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 余剑锋 电子网空气过滤装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1014221A (en) 1977-07-19
FR2184093A1 (de) 1973-12-21
JPS4962096A (de) 1974-06-15
DE2323676A1 (de) 1973-11-29
FR2184093B1 (de) 1978-01-06
GB1402674A (en) 1975-08-13

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