US3741254A - Method and apparatus for weaving pile fabrics - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for weaving pile fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US3741254A
US3741254A US00195171A US3741254DA US3741254A US 3741254 A US3741254 A US 3741254A US 00195171 A US00195171 A US 00195171A US 3741254D A US3741254D A US 3741254DA US 3741254 A US3741254 A US 3741254A
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Prior art keywords
warps
pile yarns
weft
tubes
row
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US00195171A
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E Clark
U Clark
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FIELD CREST CANNON Inc
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Fieldcrest Mills Inc
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Assigned to FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON THE reassignment FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON THE SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIELDCREST MILLS, INC., A CORP OF DE.
Assigned to FIELD CREST CANNON, INC. reassignment FIELD CREST CANNON, INC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CANNON MILLS COMPANY, A NC CORP. (INTO), FIELDCREST MILLS, INC., A DE. CORP.
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D39/00—Pile-fabric looms
    • D03D39/02—Axminster looms, i.e. wherein pile tufts are inserted during weaving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
    • D05C17/02—Tufted products

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  • ABSTRACT In the weaving of pile fabrics on an A equipped with an endless conve xminster loom yor means on which Nov. 3, 1971 [21] App].
  • No.: 195,171 spool carrying tube frames are mounted with pile yarns extending through a row of tubes on each frame, the
  • tube frames cooperate with the loo 2 g i i 'gg g setting means in an improved manner acco U 'g i C 139 4 7 invention to position each successive row e d 0 earc tween the warps incident to h the respective pile yarns without displacing the cone .mm N m h rt r o l e W m fled om t 30 we? 885 eh m a n rn s i hem bl. mun.
  • each successive tube frame dwells in the operative position as weft strands are inserted in a shed of the warps respectively in front of and in back of the corresponding row of tubes, and during which the beating means also dwells adjacent and rearwardly of the row of tubes, whereupon the tubes move further along the aforementioned arcuate path and are thus withdrawn from the warps as the beating means beats the weft strands and the pile yarns therebetween up to the fell of the fabric.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic warpwise view of an Axminster loom modified according to the invention and showing the relationship between the read or beating means and the tube frame conveyor means asthey occupy dwell positions for the insertion of weft in the warp shed;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of a portion of tufted pile fabric as woven on the loom of FIG. 1 and showing the free ends of a pair of weft needles as they may appear immediately following their withdrawal from a warp shed;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view similar to the central portion of FIG. 1, showing the reed operating mechanism with the reed occupying full back position, and being taken substantially along line 3-3 in FIG. 6A;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view similar to the upper central portion of FIG. 3, but showing the reed and a corresponding tube frame occupying their respective dwell positions;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, but showing the reed occupying full beat-up position and showing the pile tuft yarn cutting means in operative position;
  • FIGS. 6 and 6A are collectively a front elevation of the loom with various parts broken away for purposes of clarity;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view of mechanism for imparting stepwise movement to the tube frame conveyor means, and is taken substantially along line 7-7 in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary elevation of the cloth take-up mechanism taken substantially along line 8-8 in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a somewhat schematic view of the operating mechanism for the weft catch cord shuttle adjacent the left-hand side of the fabric 20 in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 10 is another view looking inwardly adjacent the left-hand side of the fabric 20 in FIG. 6, but showing means cooperating with the catch cord shuttle for shifting the corresponding end portion of the front weft forwardly in advance of the corresponding beat-up of the reed so that the lower ends of the corresponding row of pile yarn guide tubes will pass above and forwardly of the front weft upon subsequent stepwise movement being impartment to the tube frame conveyor means;
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary view of the warp shed forming mechanism taken substantially along line 11-11 is FIG. 6A;
  • FIG. 12 is a fragmentary view of mechanism aiding in shifting forwardly the end portion of the front weft adjacent the right-hand side of the fabric in FIG. 6A;
  • FIG. 13 is a fragmentary perspective view showing mechanism for operating a pile shield plate which serves to shield previously formed weftwise rows of pile tufts from the cutting means during the cutting of a succeeding weftwise row of pile tufts;
  • FIG. 14 is a fragmentary view of operating mechanism for a weft shifting means which cooperates with, and is disposed on the same side of the loom as, the mechanism shown in FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 15 is a fragmentary view of suitable operating mechanism for warp separator plates which cooperate with the reed and the noseboard for maintaining the warps separated for the insertion of the pile yarns therebetween;
  • FIG. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view of mechanism for operating the pile yarn cutting means.
  • the im proved apparatus is embodied in a loom which may be of the conventional Axminster type in many respects, and which includes warp shed forming means in the form of a pair of harnesses 10, 11, a reciprocatory beating means or reed l2, and a noseboard 13.
  • Banks of chain or hinder warps 14, are drawn under tension from respective sources or beams 14a, 15a and pass forwardly through the heddles of the respective harnesses l0, 1 1, through openings 12a in the spaced dents or plates 12b of reed 12 (FIGS.
  • Pile tuft yarns 24 are positioned between certain of the warps 14, 15 by means of a series of substantially equally spaced tube frames 25 mounted on a conveyor means 26 embodied in a pair of endless sprocket chains 26a, 26b (FIGS. 6 and 6A) mounted on rotary support means or chain sprockets 27-31 (FIG. 1 Tube frames 25 are attached to links of chains 26a, 26b so that they will not turn or oscillate relative to conveyor means 26 at any time during operation of the loom.
  • Each tube frame 25 carries a spool 25a from which a respective plurality or row of the pile tuft yarns 24 pass through a weftwise row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b which are spaced apart so as to pass between reed dents 12b and the warps l4, 15 extending through the reed dents.
  • the tube frame 25 remains fixedly secured to the chains 26a, 26b during operation of the loom, the tube frames 25, chains 26a, 26b and sprockets 27-31 may be conventional and, therefore, a more detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary.
  • each successive tube frame 25 moves in an arcuate path of substantially uniform radius about the fixed axis of shaft 27a as the corresponding tube frame is moved into and out of operative position with respect to the warps and the reed.
  • shaft 27a is positioned in such close proximity to the path of the warps between harnesses 10, 11 and noseboard 13 that the pile yarns projecting from each successive row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b move into the plane of the warps and between the same (FIG.
  • reed 12 heats up the wefts, with the pile yarns 24 pinched therebetween, over noseboard 13 as the rear surfaces of noseboard hooks 13a bend the pile yarns upwardly partially around the corresponding rear weft W-2 to form a weftwise row of tufts 24a from the pile yarns 24 (FIG. 5).
  • the then lowermost row of tubes 25b moves forwardly substantially in unison with, but ahead of, reed 12 so that the pile yarns will not be excessively withdrawn from between wefts W-l, W-2, and the next succeeding row of tubes 25b starts its arcuate movement toward operative position.
  • pull-over shaft 27a has a ratchet mechanism mounted thereon comprising a ratchet wheel 27b whose teeth are in the form of a plurality of circularly spaced rods 27c engaged by a ratchet pawl 27d.
  • Ratchet pawl 27d is pivotally mounted on a substantially U-shaped pawl carrier 27e pivotally mounted on pull-over shaft 27a.
  • a link 27f connects pawl carrier 27e to a follower arm 27g pivotally mounted intermediate its ends on a pivot shaft 27h and having a follower 27] on its lower portion which engages a face cam 27k.
  • Face cam 27k is fixed on a main drive or cam shaft 35 suitably driven to rotate continuously during operation of the loom. In this instance, main shaft 35 rotates one revolution for every two picks or every two tuft forming cycles of the loom and, therefore, cam 27k is of symmetrical form as are others of the cams to be later described which are mounted on main shaft 35.
  • the successive tube frames 25 can dwell in an operative position between the planes of a pair of weft inserters, which preferably are in the form of a pair of weft inserting needles 36, 37 (FIGS. 2 and 4), and also to ensure that the arcuate path of the tube frames is such that tubes 25b pass closely above noseboard 13 (FIG. 5), the diameter of sprockets 27 is such that each successive row of tubes 25b must move downwardly a substantial distance rearwardly of the weft inserting needles 36, 37 and rearwardly of the usual back position of the reed of a conventional Axminster loom.
  • reed 12 spaces groups of warps 14, 15 for passage of tubes 25b therebetween, the throw of reed 12 is substantially greater than usual so that it is spaced a substantial distance rearwardly of weft needles 36, 37 when it occupies back position.
  • the back position of reed 12 is such that the free ends of tubes 25b of each successive tube frame 25 will pass between the upper portions of reed dents 12b during an active stroke of pawl 27d (FIG. 7).
  • reed 12 is controlled by operating mechanism (FIG. 3) to move forwardly in back of and substantially in unison with each successive row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b to further ensure that the warps are spaced apart to accommodate the tubes and pile yarns 24 therebetween.
  • reed l2 dwells in an intermediate or dwell position in the course of each beatup stroke thereof (FIG. 4) rearwardly of and adjacent rear weft needle 37 and rearwardly of the row of tubes 25b then dwelling in operative position.
  • reed 12 is carried by rocker arms 40 fixed on a rocker shaft 41 journaled in the side frame members 32, 33 of the loom and which has a crank 42 depending therefrom (FIGS. 3 and 6A).
  • the reed operating mechanism includes a link 43 connecting the lower portion of crank 42 to the upper portion of a follower arm or lever 44 pivotally mounted at its lower portion, as at 45, on a fixed part of the loom or asupporting surface therebeneath.
  • a follower 44a on follower arm 44 engages an irregular groove in one face of a face cam 46 fixed on main shaft 35.
  • cam 46 is symmetrical and each'half of the cam 46 includes low, intermediate and high cam surfaces 46a, 46b, 460 which successively move into engagement with follower 44a.
  • reed 12 moves forwardly during about 58 of its cycle to its full beat-up position of FIG. 5 as the next succeeding cam surface 460 moves into engagement with follower 44a.
  • a full rearward stroke is imparted to reed 12 for about 66 of a reed cycle, to complete a cycle in the operation of the reed as the next succeeding low cam surface 46a of cam 46 moves into engagement with follower 440.
  • a full rearward stroke is imparted to reed 12 during only about 18 percent of each cycle of the reed, which is about the same as or only slightly greater than the relative amount of time in which reed 12 moves from its intermediate or operative position of FIG. 4 to the full beat-up position of FIG. 5, itbeing noted that the latter movement of reed 12 is effected during about 16 percent of the time of each cycle in the operation of the reed.
  • WARP SEPARATOR PLATES Warp separator plates 47 (FIGQB), controlled by a rotary cam 47a (FIG. 15 are in substantial alignment with the dents 12b of reed 12 to define guide-aisles for the successive pile yarns 24.
  • Cam 47a is 'so positioned on the main shaft 35, and so shaped, as to cause separaof FIG. 5. Since the warp separator plates 47 may be conventional and theiroperation is similar to that of conventional warp separator plates, a further description thereof is deemed unnecessary.
  • HARNESS OPERATING MEANS Due to space limitations, the arc of travel of reed 12 about the axis of rocker shaft 41 is of relatively short radius so that the upper portion of reed l2 occupies a relatively low position with respect to harnesses 10, 11 when reed 12 is in'the back position of FIG. 3. Normally, the open shed position of harnesses 10, 11 is reversed at about the time at which full beat-up of reed 12 occurs, with such change in the position of the harnesses 10, 11 being completed at about the time that the reed subsequently reaches full back position.
  • the operating mechanism for harnesses 10, 11 (FIG. 11) is specially designed to momentarily return each respective harness 10, 11 upon being fully raised,
  • harnesses 10, 11 In order to operate harnesses 10, 11 in the aforementioned manner, they are mounted on respective frames a, 11a (FIG. 11) which extend through suitable stationary guide means 52 and are connected, by respective links 10b, 11b to substantially diametrically opposed arms of a bracket 53 suitably secured on a harness rocker shaft 54 journaled in the side frame members 32, 33 of the loom.
  • a link 55 connects a crank 56 fixed on rocker shaft 54 to the lower end portion of a follower lever 57 whose upper end portion is pivotally connected, as at 60, to a fixed part of the loom frame F.
  • a follower 61 on a medial portion of follower lever 57, engages a groove in a harness face cam 62 fixed on main shaft 35. Since a complete shed change must be effected during each pick of the loom and cam 62 rotates one revolution for every two picks of the loom, harness cam 52 is asymmetrical and is provided with a circular series of variant height surfaces a-f.
  • Both of the surfaces a, e are located about the same distance from the axis of shaft 35, but are low surfaces as compared to surfaces b, d which are located the same distance from the axisof shaft 35 relative to each other, but are relatively high surfaces as compared to the low surfaces a, e.
  • cam 62 The surfaces a, d of cam 62 are positioned substantially diametrically opposite from each other and each extends through an arc of about 90 so as to cause harnesses 10, 11 to dwell in fully open shed positions throughout about 180 of each reed cycle; i.e., from the time that reed 12 reaches about to its operative position of FIG. 4 in the course of a forward movement thereof until its dwell and a weft insertion have been completed.
  • surface a of cam 62 is engaging follower 61, harness 10 is up and harness 11 is down.
  • harnesses 10, 11 quickly reverse their positions while forming an open shed which crosses the upper and lower banks of warps 14, 15 relative to the last double weft W-2 just positioned over the noseboard hooks 13a and on the supporting surface 13b to firmly bind the corresponding lengths of pile yarn between the two double wefts W-l, W-2 last beat-up by reed 12.
  • the arc of surface d is of such length as to maintain the warp shed fully open throughout the dwell period of the reed 12 in the operative position.
  • cam surfaces e, f, a function in substantially the same manner as the respective surfaces b, c, d heretofore described with the exception that engagement of surface e with follower 61 quickly reverses the open shed positions of harnesses 10, 11 so that harness 10 will occupy up position and harness 11 will occupy down position as shown in FIG. 11.
  • intermediate surface f will have engaged follower 61 and will have thereby caused the thenupper harness 10 to move to the middle shed position as the lower harness 11 is moved upwardly to the middle shed position.
  • movement of surface a into engagement with follower 61 again returns the harness 10 to the fully raised position and the harness 11 to the fully lowered position to complete a cycle in the operation of the harnesses 10,11.
  • each front double weft W-l forms a first pair of weft strands and each rear double weft W-2 forms a second pair of weft strands.
  • the portion of fabric shown in FIG. 2 includes four successive groups of wefts indicated at G, G-l, G-2 and 0-3.
  • the respective banks of chain or binder warps 14, 15 extend in opposition to each other over and under the successive groups G, (3-1, G-2, G-3 with the warps 14, 15 thereby extending between the wefts only at the juncture of adjacent weft groups.
  • the bank of warps 14 is disposed under alternate weft groups G, G-2 and above intervening weft groups G-l, G-3, with the other bank of warpslS being disposed above said alternate weft groups and under said intervening weft groups.
  • the pile face of the fabric 20 includes a single weftwise row of pile tufts 24a formed from the corresponding pile yarns 24 for each group of wefts, and the tufts of each weftwise row have their lower bights looped beneath only one of the pairs of weft strands in each group; i.e., the lower bights of the weftwise rows of pile tufts 24a are looped beneath only the second or rear double weft W-2 in each group G, G-I, G-2, G-3.
  • Any desired number of chain warps may be provided between adjacent pairs of warpwise rows of tufts 24a. As shown in FIG. 2, by way of example, a group of four chain warps; i.e., two chain warps 14 from one bank and two chain warps 15 from the other bank is provided between each adjacent pair of warpwise rows of tufts 24a.
  • the left-hand selvage of the fabric in FIG. 2 is in the form of a plurality of hairpin-like selvage loops a, 20b alternately arranged warpwise of the fabric and formed integral with and interconnecting the two strands of the respective first and second or front and rear double wefts W-l, W-2, and a common catch cord or selvage yarn 200 is threaded through and interconnects all of the selvage loops 20a, 20b at the corresponding warpwise side edge of the fabric.
  • the right-hand selvage of the fabric shown in FIG. 2 is of novel form, and includes loops of the weft strands, comprising a plurality of first weft selvage loops 20d which alternate with respect to a plurality of second weft selvage loops 20s, with each first selvage loop 20d extending pass the weftwise plane of a respective double weft W-2 and each second selvage loop 20:: extending pass the weftwise plane of a respective'double weft W-l.
  • each first selvage loop 20d are integral with one of the strands in each of two of the first double wefts W-l
  • the legs of each second selvage loop are integral with one of the strands in each of two of the second double wefts W-2.
  • the second loops 20e are larger than the first loops 20d to accommodate a right-hand front weft shifting means (FIG. 14) to be later described.
  • FIG. 14 right-hand front weft shifting means
  • FIG. 2 The fabric of FIG. 2 is disclosed and claimed in my copending application, Ser. No. 195,293, filed concurrently herewith now U.S. Pat. No. 3,716,078", and entitled WOVEN PILE FABRICS to which reference is made for a more detailed disclosure of the fabric 20.
  • weft needles 36, 37 are operated in a conventional manner to draw respective weft strands from respective supply sources, not shown, to
  • the catch cord 200 (FIG. 2) is inserted in the hairpin-like loops 20a, 20b during operation of the loom by a conventional reciprocating shuttle 65 (FIG. 9) which may be of a type such as is disclosed in U. S. Pat. No. 631,233, dated Aug. 15, 1899, for example. Therefore, a detailed description of the construction and operation of shuttle, 65 is deemed unnecessary, it being deemed sufficient to state that shuttle 65 is mounted on the upper end of a post 65a journaled in the loom frame and having a crank 65b fixed thereon which is reciprocated by suitable linkage 656 provided with a follower 65d which engages a rotary cam 65e fixed on main shaft 35.
  • each front double weft W-l inserted in the warp shed by the front weft inserting needle 36 is moved forwardly relative to the rear double weft W-2 so that the lower ends of each successive row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b will move above the front double weft ahead of the reed 12 during subsequent advancement of tube frame conveyor means 26 and reed 12. Therefore, opposite sides of the loom are provided with respective left-hand and right-hand weft shifting fingers 70, 71 (FIGS. 10 and 14) and cooperating lefthand and right-hand weft separating fingers 72, 73 (FIGS. 10 and 12).
  • Left-hand weft shifting fingers is substantially horizonally disposed and guided for forward and rearward longitudinal movement in a guide member 70a suitably secured to a fixed part of the loom rearwardly of the race 65f (FIG. 9) for shuttle 65.
  • One arm of a bell crank 70b (FIG. 10) is pivotally connected to a rear portion of left-hand weft shifting finger 70, as at 70c, and bell crank 70b is pivotally connected to the loom frame, as at 70d.
  • the forwardly extending arm of hell crank 70b is connected, by means i of a link 70e, to a follower arrn 70f pivotally connected, as at 70g, to the loom frame.
  • a follower 70h on follower arm 70f is urged into engagement with a cam 70i by means of a suitable spring 70j.
  • Cam 70i is fixed on main shaft 35. l
  • left-hand weft separating finger 72 is positioned in a vertical plane about half-way between the paths of travel of the weft inserting needles 36, 37 (FIG. 4) and loosely penetrates a suitable guide member 72a (FIG. 10) carried by the loom frame.
  • the lower end of left-hand weft separating finger 72 is pivotally connected, as at 72b, to a follower arm 72c which also is pivotally connected at 70g to the loom frame.
  • follower arm 72c has a follower 72d thereon which is urged into engagement with the peripheral surface of a cam 72e by a suitable spring 72f.
  • Cam 72e is fixed on main shaft 35. i
  • the cams 65e, 70i, 72e are so positioned with respect to each other and are so shaped that the left-hand weft separator finger 72 moves upwardly from the lowered position shown in FIG. 10 and enters between the weft needles 36, 37 (FIG. 4) at about the same that shuttle 65 (FIG. 9) moves rearwardly through the loops of the double wefts W-l, W-2 (FIG. 2) so that the front weft W-l and needle 36 will not be pulled-rearwardly against the back weft needle 37 as the shuttle passes through the front loop 20a of the front weft W-l (FIG. 2).
  • shuttle 65 approaches the end of its rearward stroke through the, weft loops 20a, 20b, weft needles 36, 37 start to withdraw from shuttle 65 and the left-hand weft shifting finger 70 moves forwardly through the loop20b (FIG. 2) of the rear weft W-2then being penetrated by shuttle 65.
  • Spaced a relatively short distance rearwardly from the pointed free front end of shifting finger 70 is an upwardly projecting shoulder 70k thereon which engages the then upper strand of the front double weft (-1 as the pointed free end of finger 70 enters the front weft loop 20a.
  • shoulder 70k pushes the front weft W-l forwardly a predetermined distance to a position forwardly of the arcuate plane of travel of the lower ends of the corresponding pile yarn guide tubes 25b upon their next succeeding stepwise motion, but spaced rearwardly of noseboard 13.
  • left-hand weft separator finger 72 returns to the lowered, inoperative, position shown in FIG. 10, but the left-hand weft shifting finger 70 remains in engagement with the corresponding weft loops 20a, 20b at least until weft needles 36, 37 have fully withdrawn from the warp shed. Thereafter, the left-hand weft shifting finger 70 moves rearwardly and withdraws from the corresponding weft loops 20a, 20b.
  • the right-hand weft separator finger 73 is carried by and projects upwardly from a lever 73a pivotally connected, as at 73b, to the loom frame.
  • a medial portion of lever 73a has a link 73a connecting the same to a front portion of a follower lever 7 3c whose medial portion is pivotally connected, as at 73d, to a fixed part of the loom frame.
  • a spring 732 urges a follower 73f on follower lever 73c into engagement with a rotary cam 73g fixed on main shaft 35.
  • righthand weft separator finger 73 occupies the lowered inoperative position shown in dotted lines in FIG. 12.
  • spring 73c and cam 73g cause separator finger 73 to move upwardly between the planes of weft needles 36, 37 to the solid-line position shown in FIG. 12 and closely adjacent the righthand selvage of the fabric being woven so as to be positioned between the strands of weft yarn then extending from the weft needles 36, 37 into the warp shed.
  • the weft strand extending through front needle 36 forms a small selvage loop 20d (FIG. 2) against the adjacent selvage warp 15 as the weft strand extending through weft needle 37 is looped partially around separator finger 73 (FIG. 12) to form a corresponding open, larger selvage loop c.
  • Separator finger 73 penetrates the latter selvage loop and thereby maintains the strands of weft yarn separated when needles 36, 37 subsequently withdraw from the warp shed as in FIG. 2 and during operation of the right-hand weft shifting finger 71 (FIG. 14).
  • right-hand weft shifting finger 71 is substantially vertically disposed and is normally positioned below and adjacent the right-hand selvage of the fabric 20 being woven.
  • the lower portion of right-hand weft shifting finger 71 is pivotally connected, as at 710 (FIG. 14), to a follower arm 7112 having a follower 71c thereon.
  • follower arm 71b is pivotally connected, as at 71d, to the loom frame and is normally urged upwardly at its rear portion by a suitable spring 7 1e, thus normally urging follower 71c into engagement with a rotary cam 71f.
  • Cam 71 f is fixed on an auxiliary cam shaft 71g which, in this instance, is also driven to rotate one revolution for every two picks of the loom by a suitable sprocket and chain transmission 27h (FIGS. 6 and 7) drivingly connecting main shaft 35 to auxiliary cam shaft 71g.
  • Cam 71f (FIG. 14) is so positioned and so shaped with respect to cam 73g (FIG. 12) that, during withdrawal of weft needles 36, 37 to about the position of FIG. 2, right-hand weft shifting finger 71 moves upwardly from the lowered, inoperative position of FIG. 14 and enters the latter selvage loop 20e then on finger 73 rearwardly of the front strand: of weft yarn then extending from the front weft inserting needle 36 as shown in FIG. 2. Thereupon, a forward movement is imparted to the upper portion of the right-hand weft shifting finger 71 (FIG.
  • finger 71 returns rearwardly and then downwardly to its original position shown in FIG. 14, and finger 73 returns to the dotted-line position of FIG. 12.
  • cutting means 75 comprises relatively movable members 75a, 75b which move forwardly and rearwardly unitarily during each tuft forming cycle. While members 75a, 75b occupy the rearward or active position shown in FIG.
  • movable member 7512 moves weftwise relative to fixed member 75a to cut the pile yarns 24 then extending between a corresponding row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b and the hooks 13a of noseboard 13.
  • the fixed member 75a of cutting means 75 may be in the form of an elongate plate whose rear edge is serrated so as to receive the corresponding pile yarns 24 between the teeth thereof as the members 75 a, 75b move rearwardly to active position.
  • Movable member 75b is then moved weftwise relative to fixed member 75a to move the cutting blades of the movable member 75b relative to the fixed member 750 for severing all of the pile yarns in the corresponding row.
  • Fixed member 75a is suitably secured to an elongate carriage bar 750 having a plurality of upwardly extending posts 75d thereon mounted for forward and rearward sliding movement on substantially horizontaly extending guide rods 75e carried by the loom frame.
  • Movable member 75b is guided for weftwise sliding movement between the rear portion of carriage bar 75c and fixed member 75a, and means 75b connects the left-hand portion of movable member 75b to the plunger of a solenoid 75f whose coil is suitably secured upon an enlarged outer portion of carriage bar 75c (FIG. 16).
  • the front ends of a plurality of links 75g are pivotally connected to the rear portion of carriage bar 750.
  • the rear ends of links 75g are each pivotally connected to a corresponding crank 75h whose lower ends are fixed on a rocker shaft 75i suitably journaled in the loom frame.
  • the cranks 75h, and thus the carriage bar 750, are urged forwardly by suitable springs 75j.
  • a crank 75k, fixed on rocker shaft 75i, has the upper end of a link 75m connected thereto, whose lower end is pivotally connected to a follower arm 75n.
  • the rear end of follower arm 7511 is pivotally connected, as at- 75p, to a fixed part of the loom frame.
  • follower arm 75n has a follower 75g thereon which engages a rotary cam 75r fixed on main cam shaft 35.
  • the coil of solenoid 75f is interposed in an electrical circuit in series with a normally open switch 75s positioned so as to be engaged and closed by projections 75t on a rotary cam 75a fixed on main shaft 35.
  • the cams 75r, 7514 are so positioned and so shaped that carriage bar 75c and, thus, the cutting members 75a, 75b move forwardly during each stepwise movement of tube frame conveyor 26 and thus move into engagement with the pile yarns 24 substantially as the corresponding row of pile yarn guide tubes 25b reaches the position shown in FIG. in the course of a forward movementthereof.
  • one of the projections 75: (FIG. 16) on cam 75a moves into engagement with and momentarily closes switch 75s so as to impart an active stroke to movable member 75b thereby cutting the corresponding pile yarns.
  • cam 75u moves out of engagement with switch 75s and a spring 75w (FIG; 16) then returns movable member 75b to its original or inactive position.
  • cam 75r then permits springs 75 j to move carriage bar 750 forwardly to return the cutting means 75 to its original or inactive position shown in FIG. 4.
  • movable shielding means is provided for overlying and shielding preceding rows of tufts formed in the fabric from the cutting means 75 during operation thereof.
  • Such shielding means comprises a movable shield plate which is best shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 13.
  • Shield plate 80 is positioned beneath cutting means 75 and overlies noseboard l3 and breast beam 21.
  • the free rearmost portion of shield plate 80 is provided with a downwardly projecting hook-like shoulder or rib 80a thereon which functions somewhat in the manner of a rake to the extent that shield plate moves rearwardly and upwardly from the position of FIG. 5 at an angle relative to the fabric supporting surface 13b of noseboard 13 and passes over the hooks 13a.
  • shield plate 8 0 then moves downwardly and forwardly and comes to rest with its rib 80a spaced forwardly of hooks 13a and positioned closely adjacent and above the fabric supporting surface 13b. There then is sufficient space between the front surfaces of hooks 13a and the rear edge of shield plate 80 for receiving the next pair of double wefts W-l, W-2 (FIG. 2) and the corresponding row of tufts 24a therebetween with the subsequent full beat-up of reed 12 while the rib 80a presses the last-formed row of tufts and some of the other previously formed rows of tufts downwardly toward the base of the fabric 20 without clamping the same so firmly as to interfere with normal take-up of the fabric.
  • the cutting means 75 then moves into operative position and closely above the rear edge of shield plate 80 to cut the pile yarns in the manner heretofore described.
  • shield plate 80 In. order to impart the raking motion to shield plate 80 in the manner heretofore described, the front portion of shield plate 80 is suitably secured to an upper rocker shaft 80c (FIGS. 6, 6A and 13) rotatably mounted in a pair of spaced crank arms 80d which extend downwardly and are fixedly secured to a lower rocker shaft 80e journaled in a pair of bearing blocks 80f suitably secured to the loom frame.
  • crank 80g fixed thereon whose lower portion has an adjustable abutment or set screw 80h therethrough adapted to engage a fixed frame member 81 serving as a first limiting member and projecting outwardly from the main frame F of the loom.
  • set screw 80h engages frame member 81 to limit rearward movement of crank arm 80g, as will be later described.
  • the left-hand end of the upper shaft 80c (FIGS. 6 and 13) has a follower arm 80j fixed thereon and extending downwardly therefrom.
  • the lower portion of follower arm 80j has a follower 80k thereon which engages the periphery of a rotary cam 82 fixed on auxilary cam shaft 71g.
  • follower 80k is urged against cam 82 by means of a suitable spring 80m. Since cam 82 rotates one revolution during every two picks of loom, it is of symmetricl form and is provided with a series of cam surfaces 82a-82d.
  • the surfaces 82a, 82c are diametrically opposed with respect to each other and the relatively lower surfaces 82b, 82d are diametrically opposed with respect to each other.
  • shield plate 80 occupies the operative position shown in FIG. 5.
  • cam surface 82b imparts further counterclockwise movement to upper shaft 80c until the succeeding high surface 82c moves into engagement with follower 80k, thus causing the lower surface of shield plate 80 and its rib 80a to bend the last-formed few rows of pile tufts downwardly and forwardly while pressing them toward the supporting surface 131: of noseboard 13 before the next rearward movement of cutting means 75 is effected.
  • plate 80 shields the previously formed weftwise rows of tufts from the operation of the cutting means 75 in severing the pile yarns 24 in the formation of succeeding weftwise row of pile tufts 24a.
  • the tube frames 25, shed forming harnesses 10, ll, reed 12, cutting means 75 and associated mechanisms cooperate in a novel manner so that the tubes 25b of each successive tub'e frame 25 are moved successively into and out of operative position in an arcuate path of substantially pile yarns between one row of tubes 25b and the fell of the fabric being woven while a succeeding row of tubes 25b is being advanced toward operative position.
  • two double wefts W-l, W-2 are inserted in each successive warp shed forwardly and rearwardly of each respective weftwise row of pile yarns so that the pile yarns are pinched between the two double wefts as theyare looped beneath theback double weft W-2 by.
  • the cutting means moves into operative positon and cuts the corresponding row of pile yarns 24 to complete formation of a weftwise row of tufts 24a as previously formed rows of tufts are shielded from the cutting means by shield plate 80.
  • a method of weaving pile fabrics from warps, wefts and pile yarns in a loom comprising the successive steps of inserting pile yarns between the warps, then inserting first and second wefts in a common shed of the warps forwardly and rearwardly, respectively, of the thus inserted pile yanrs, and beating up both wefts with the pile yarns against the fell while looping the pile yarns partially around one of the wefts.
  • a method according to claim 1, wherein the inserting of pile yarns between the wefts includes advancing in timed relation with the loom a tube frame conveyor means on which is mounted successive tube frames through which pile yarns extend, while moving the tubes of a corresponding tube frame between the warps by advancing the conveyor means and the correspondpile yarns between the warps, inserting simultaneously two pairs of weft strands in the shed forwardly and rearwardly, respectively, of said row of pile yarns, and beating up against the fell of the fabric the pairs of weft strands with the'pile yarns therebetween while looping the pile yarns beneath the rearward pair of weft strands to form a weftwise row of tufts from the pile yarns.
  • a method including the further steps of reversing the shed so that said one bank of warps is down and the other bank is up, inserting another weftwise row of pile yarns between the warps, inserting simultaneously two additional pairs of weft strands in the reversed shed forwardly andrearwardly, respectively, of said other row of pile yarns, beating up against the fell said two additional pairs of weft strands with said other row of pile yarns therebetween while looping said other row of pile yarns beneath the corresponding rearward pair of weft strands to form another weftwise row of tufts from said other row of pile yarns, and repeating the steps as prescribed.
  • a method of weaving pile fabrics on a loom in which successive conveyor supported tube frames are advanced stepwise to position pile yarns extending through the tubes thereof between warps preparatory to the beating up of a shot of weft against the thus positioned pile yarns and, in turn, against the fell of the fabric being woven; characterized in that the step of advancing the tube frames includes directing the conveyor with the tube frames connected thereto about a fixed axis along an arcuate path of substantially constant radius so as to move the tubes of each successive tube frame into and out of the warps as the respective tubes are being advanced about the fixed axis for positioning the pile yarns in the warps.
  • a method of weaving pile fabric on a loom which comprises advancing in timed relation with the weaving operation of the loom a tube frame conveyor means on which is mounted successive tube frames through which pile yarns extend, while moving the tubes of each successive tube frame between warps of the loom to position the pile yarns between the warps by advancing the conveyor means with the respective tube frame thereon in an arcuate path of substantially uniform radius generated about a fixed axis as the respective tubes are positioned between the warps inserting at least one weft in a shed of the warps and adjacent the thus positioned pile yarns, looping the pile yarns about the respective weft while further advancing the conveyor means and the respective tube frame thereon along said arcuate path, and cutting the thus looped pile yarns to form a weftwise row of the U-shaped tufts therefrom.
  • said weft inserting means includes means operable in timed relation to said conveyor means for inserting a first double weft and a second double weft in the warp shed respectively forwardly and rearwardly of the tubes of each successive tube frame moved into operative position.
  • said weft inserting means includes means operable in timed relation with said conveyor means for inserting at least one first weft strand and at least one second weft strand in the warp shed respectively in front of and in back of the tubes of each successive tube frame moved into operative position.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 further comprising means for intermittently driving said conveyor means and permitting each successive tube frame to dwell in said operative position during insertion of said first and second weft strands in the warp shed.
  • Apparatus according to claim 13 including cutting means normally spaced forwardly of said hooks on said noseboard, and means for moving said cutting means rearwardly and then forwardly as each successive tube frame advances a predetermined distance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
US00195171A 1971-11-03 1971-11-03 Method and apparatus for weaving pile fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3741254A (en)

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US19517171A 1971-11-03 1971-11-03

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US (1) US3741254A (fr)
BE (1) BE780732A (fr)
CA (1) CA955503A (fr)
DE (1) DE2226834C3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1378927A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5555918A (en) * 1994-01-21 1996-09-17 Bentley-Harris Inc. Method of making sleeve with integral lacing cord
US20100200103A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2010-08-12 Michael Winspear Burton Yarn tuft transfer system
CN105109947A (zh) * 2015-09-06 2015-12-02 广运机电(苏州)有限公司 一种多层穿梭车上的输送机构

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5555918A (en) * 1994-01-21 1996-09-17 Bentley-Harris Inc. Method of making sleeve with integral lacing cord
US20100200103A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2010-08-12 Michael Winspear Burton Yarn tuft transfer system
US8186389B2 (en) * 2007-04-23 2012-05-29 Brintons Limited Yarn tuft transfer system
CN105109947A (zh) * 2015-09-06 2015-12-02 广运机电(苏州)有限公司 一种多层穿梭车上的输送机构

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DE2226834C3 (de) 1978-09-28
DE2226834A1 (de) 1973-05-10
CA955503A (en) 1974-10-01
BE780732A (fr) 1972-09-15
GB1378927A (en) 1974-12-27
DE2226834B2 (de) 1978-02-02

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