US3735970A - Method and apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3735970A
US3735970A US00133895A US3735970DA US3735970A US 3735970 A US3735970 A US 3735970A US 00133895 A US00133895 A US 00133895A US 3735970D A US3735970D A US 3735970DA US 3735970 A US3735970 A US 3735970A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
furnace
zone
sluice chamber
sluice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00133895A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
U Genge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mannesmann Demag AG
Original Assignee
Demag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Demag AG filed Critical Demag AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3735970A publication Critical patent/US3735970A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/007—Controlling or regulating of the top pressure

Definitions

  • This latter top gas is drawn from a storage space communicating with the furnace zone and provided with labyrinth means effecting removal of dust from the top gas.
  • a conduit provided with a check valve, communicates with the sluice chamber, and a first line, connected to the purifier and provided with a control valve, and a second line, connected to the storage space and likewise provided with a control valve, are connected in parallel to the conduit communicating with the sluice chamber.
  • a control device controls the sequential operation of the two control valves in the first and second lines.
  • the distributing function is therefore determining for the selection of the different bell diameters.
  • the two bells can be actuated only when the pressure above and below in the sluice chamber formed by a throat cup or disk is the same. Therefore, if the upper bell is opened,
  • .atmospheric pressure must prevail in the throat cup therebelow, that is, the pressure previously present therein must have been lowered by release of gas.
  • the pressure in the sluice chamber must be more or less the same as the furnace zone pressure, if it is to be possible to openthe lower throat hell with an economically acceptable expenditure of energy.
  • the gas used for this purpose may be the gas originating from the furnace or may be gas from an external source.
  • the gas originating from the furnace must be subjected at least to a preliminary dust removal, in order not to damage the valves which determine the pressure in the line. Consequently, there occurs, as a rule, an inevitable pressure loss in the dust separator, which would justify the use of dust-free gas from an external source.
  • Dust-free gas from an external source present at high pressure in the plant system, for example, nitrogen, offers advantages of trouble-insensitive operation, insofar as the wear of the closing elements is affected thereby.
  • the expense of regulation and production are very high, because safety measures must be taken to protect the sluice chambers from pressures far beyond the design values. Uncertainty persists even if expensive safety measures are taken, because of the rough nature of blast furnace operation.
  • top gas produced by the furnace, for increasing the pressure in the sluice chamber
  • the top gas hitherto has been purified, because otherwise the wear is too high.
  • a pressure drop relative to 'the furnace gas pressure, occurs.
  • the available pressure is considered sufi'icient.
  • additional compression has been provided but again, for various reasons, only purified top gas is permissible for this.
  • This invention relates to equalizing the gas pressure of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces and, more particularly, to a novel, improved, simplified and less expensive method and apparatus for effecting such pressure equalization, and which provides for an exact pressure equalization.
  • the sluice chamber is filled with purified top gas directly from the purifier and, in
  • a compressor is used, the compressor is very small and it is possible to process already available pure gas. If raw or stack gas from the furnace zone is used, the conditions are much more favorable because of the small quantity or volume.
  • the method of pressure equalization embodying the invention makes use of the realization that, after filling of the sluice chamber with purified top gas from the line system downstream of the gas purification, but before the furnace pressure control element, the pressure difference with respect to the furnace pressure has a maximum value of 2000 mm H 0, and usually only 500 to 1000 mm H O.
  • the furnace gas volume portion, which is necessary to obtain, in the sluice chamber, the same pressure as in the furnace zone, is then only a few cubic meters, as the following calculation proves:
  • a simple separation by quieting the flow is further augmented by storing a quantity of crude gas which is greater, by a multiple, than that necessary for the pressure equalization process.
  • the separation of the dust particles from the crude gas additionally can be augmented by maintaining a lower flow velocity in the storage zone during the second pressure stage.
  • the apparatus for performing the process includes a storage zone for raw top gas and connected to the furnace zone. From this storage zone, a closable conduit extends to the sluice chamber of the throat stopper, and this closable conduit can additionally be supplied with pure gas from a top gas purifier. In addition to its function of storing raw or stacked gas, the storing zone serves as an accumulator. The last residue of the planned quantity of sluice gas can be forced into the sluice chamber at an accelerated rate. By means of a pressure wave, the filling of the sluice chamber is facilitated.
  • the supply lines of the purifier and the crude gas reservoir which are connected in parallel with each other, are provided with respective shut-off elements before the entrance to the sluice chamber.
  • the parallel connection permits precisioncontrolling of the succession of pressure waves of pure gas and of raw or stack gas roughly freed from dust.
  • separation of the dust is effected in a raw gas reservoir which is provided with catch basins for the dust contained in the stack gas. It is thus possible for the operator of the equipment either to retain the dust in the basins or merely to return the dust into a riser which carries the crude or raw gas. Another possibility is to return the dust to the furnace head elsewhere through a separate dust tube.
  • the invention also provides that the pure gas line and the raw gas line have greatly differing diameters, with the raw gas line having the larger cross-section. As a result, the raw gas flows at a greatly reduced velocity and, owing to this, the dust particles fall out of the raw gas more easily.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved method for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus for performing the method.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a method and apparatus by means of which an exact pressure equalization can be effected.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a method and apparatus in which, during pressure equalization, the sluice chamber is initially filled with purifled gas after which there is added, to the sluice chamber, a small volume of furnace gas at the furnace zone pressure.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic elevation view of a blast furnace provided with the apparatus of the invention and having a throat stopper whose sluice chamber is provided with dampers;
  • FIG. 2 is a somewhat schematic partial elevation view illustrating the apparatus of the invention as applied to a shaft furnace having a bell-type throat stopper;
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of the gas volume dV (Nm at constant volume in the sluice chamber, as a function of different pressure differences, plotted with relation to the furnace throat pressure;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for the gas volume, at constant pressure difference p (mm H O) as a function of the volume in the sluice chamber V (m*).
  • the sluice chamber 1 and furnace zone 2 of a blast furnace are arranged one above the other for the purpose of gas pressure-loss-free' admission of the charge material from the free atmosphere into the furnace zone 2.
  • an aperture which is illustrated in FIG. 1 as closed with a sealing valve or damper 3
  • the charge material passes into sluice chamber I, where it accumulates on dampers 4 and 5 until released by an aperture illustrated as closed with a sealing damper 6.
  • Distribution of the material occurs on a distributor bell 7 arranged in the furnace head, but alternatively other distributing devices may be provided.
  • the top gas forming in the furnace zone 2, is discharged through gas discharge pipes 8, 9, 10 and 11, arranged around the circumference of the furnace, and leading to explosion or safety valves 14.
  • the raw or stack gas passes through gas discharge pipe into the purifier 16, from which the purified furnace gas flows through a throttle wall 17 toward the pure gas consumers.
  • the sluice gas, in sluice chamber 1, can be let off or discharged through discharge line 19 and valve 20 when sealing damper 3 is'to be opened to admit the charge material.
  • the pure gas which is not yet expanded, can flow through a conduit or line 18, upstream of the throttle valve 17, and which line is controlled by a shut-off means 21.
  • a control pulse occurs only when, for the purpose of pressure equalization be- ,tween sluice chamber 1 and furnace zone 2, the pressure difference is to be equalized. As will be explained, this control pulse is applied to the valve or shut-off means 21.
  • the raw gas, flowing through gas discharge pipes 8, 9, 10, 11 and 15 into purifier 16, undergoes a pressure drop, depending on the characteristics of the discharge pipes and the purifiers.
  • the pure gas therefore is available, at shut-off means or valve 21, at a lower pressure.
  • a storage space 22 is provided and is supplied with raw gas through a conduit 23 connected to the furnace zone 2, for example through one or more of the discharge pipes 8, 9, l0 and 11.
  • the raw gas cannot flow through storage space 22, as it is blocked by a shut-off means or valve 24.
  • the dust particles fall out of the mass of raw gas moving over the labyrinth sheets 25, or similar catch basins, having projections 26. If conduit 23 extends upwardly and outwardly at a steep angle, the dust falls back into gas discharge pipe 9 and into furnace zone 2.
  • shut-off valve 21 for the pure gas, is opened to fill sluice chamber 1 through the then open check valve 27. As soon as the pure gas pressure begins to decrease, there occurs the opening of the shut-off valve 24 and the dust-free raw gas flows up into the conduit 28.
  • shut-off valve 21 is closed, by control device 29, so that a cycle takes place under the control of pulses provided by control device 29 which measures the pressure differences.
  • Vent valve 30 on branch line 31 serves to vent the pipe system after stoppages.
  • Proportioning of the gas quantities need not occur through a common conduit 28. However, it is advantageous to connect pure gas line 18 and raw gas line 32 in parallel to conduit 28. Lines 18 and 32 may have different diameters, with raw gas line 32 havinga much greater diameter or cross-section at 33 than pure gas line 18. The ratio of the diameters and cross-sections is established in accordance with the rate of flow and the desired pressures.
  • the throat stopper consists of three bells 34, 35 and 36. Together with cups37 and 38, these form sluice chambers 1. Pure gas line 18 and raw gas line 32 deliver gas into the upper sluice chamber 1 separately. Otherwise, the process of pressure equalization is the same as described for FIG. 1.
  • a method for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces, in which raw top gas from the furnace zone is first purified and then fed into the sluice chamber comprising, in a first pressure equalization stage, filling the sluice chamber with purified top gas directly from the purification zone; and, in a second pressure stage, adding, to the sluice chamber, a relatively small volume of top gas at furnace pressure to complete pressure equalization between the sluice chamber and the furnace zone; the top gas added in the second pressure stage comprising raw gas delivered directly from the furnace zone to a storage zone, in which the raw gas remains quiescent; the top gas for the second pressure stage being delivered from the storage zone to the sluice chamber.
  • a method for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces, in which raw top gas from the furnace zone is first purified and then fed into the sluice chamber comprising, in a first pressure equalization stage, filling the sluice chamber with purified top gas directly from the purification zone; and, in a second pressure stage, adding, to the sluice chamber, a relatively small volume of top gas at furnace pressure to complete-pressure equalization between the sluice chamber and the furnace zone; the top gas added in the second pressure stage comprising raw gas delivered directly from the furnace zone to a storage zone, in which the raw gas remains quiescent; the top gas for the second pressure stage being delivered from the storage zone to the sluice chamber; the rate of flow of gas to the sluice chamber, in the second pressure stage, being lower than the rate of flow of purified top gas to the sluice chamber during the first pressure equalization stage.
  • a method for equalizing the gas pressures .of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces, in which raw top gas from the furnace zone is first purified and then fed into the sluice chamber comprising, in a first pressure equalization stage, filling the sluice chamber with purified top gas directly from the purification zone; in a second pressure stage, adding, to the sluice chamber, a relatively small volume of top gas at furnace pressure to complete pressure equalization between the sluice chamber and the furnace zone; the top gas added in the second pressure stage comprising raw gas delivered directly from the furnace zone to a storage zone, in which the raw gas remains quiescent; the top gas for the second pressure stage being delivered from the storage zone to the sluice chamber; and removing dust from the raw gas during flow of the raw gas from the furnace zone into the storage zone.
  • apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces, of the type in which raw top gas from the furnace'zone is first purified and then fed into the sluice member, and including throat stopper means selectively operable for charging material from the sluice chamber into the furnace zone the improvement comprising, in combination, means forming a storage zone, for holding quiescent raw top gas, communicating with said furnace zone; closable conduit means controlling connection of said storage zone to the sluice chamber associated with said throat stopper means; a raw gas purifier connected to said furnace zone; and means operable to supply purified top gas from said purifier to said sluice chamber.
  • the improvement claimed in claim 5 including a conduit connected to said sluice chamber; a check valve in said conduit blocking flow from said sluice chamber through said conduit; respective supply lines connecting said purifier and said storage zone means to said conduit outwardly of said check valve; and respective shut-off means interposed in each supply line; said supply line connecting said storage zone means to said conduit constituting said closable conduit means.
  • v8 In apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces, of the type in which raw top gas from the furnace zone is first purified and then fed into the sluice chamber, and including throat stopper means selectively operable for charging material from the sluice chamber into the furnace zone, the improvement comprising, in combination, means forming a storage zone, for raw top gas, communicating with said furnace zone; closable conduit means controlling connection of said storage zone to the sluice chamber associated with said throat stopper means; a raw gas purifier connected to said furnace zone; means operable to supply purified top gas from said purifier to said sluice chamber; and dust separators and retainers in said storage zone means operable to separate and collect dust from the raw gas entering said storage zone means from said furnace zone.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
US00133895A 1970-04-04 1971-04-14 Method and apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces Expired - Lifetime US3735970A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702016205 DE2016205A1 (de) 1970-04-04 1970-04-04 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Aus gleichen der Gasdrucke von Schleusen kammern und Ofenraum von Schachtofen, insbesondere von Hochofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3735970A true US3735970A (en) 1973-05-29

Family

ID=5767142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00133895A Expired - Lifetime US3735970A (en) 1970-04-04 1971-04-14 Method and apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3735970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT319296B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2016205A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2085848B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1331553A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7104317A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4082253A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-04-04 Air Pollution Industries, Inc. Blast furnace pressure equalizing apparatus
US4196892A (en) * 1976-03-17 1980-04-08 Air Pollution Industries Apparatus for equalizing top gas pressure in a blast furnace
US4315619A (en) * 1979-10-30 1982-02-16 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process and system for recovering top gas from blast furnace or the like
LU100035B1 (en) * 2017-01-25 2018-08-14 Wurth Paul Sa Shaft Furnace Plant With Full Recovery Pressure Equalizing System

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU73752A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-11-06 1976-06-11
EP0064090A1 (de) * 1981-05-05 1982-11-10 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Druckausgleichseinrichtung für gegenüber der Atmosphäre im Überdruck betriebene Schachtöfen, insbesondere für Grosshochöfen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297432A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-01-10 Mohr & Sons John Blast furnace charging apparatus pressurization

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297432A (en) * 1963-12-26 1967-01-10 Mohr & Sons John Blast furnace charging apparatus pressurization

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4082253A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-04-04 Air Pollution Industries, Inc. Blast furnace pressure equalizing apparatus
US4196892A (en) * 1976-03-17 1980-04-08 Air Pollution Industries Apparatus for equalizing top gas pressure in a blast furnace
US4315619A (en) * 1979-10-30 1982-02-16 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process and system for recovering top gas from blast furnace or the like
LU100035B1 (en) * 2017-01-25 2018-08-14 Wurth Paul Sa Shaft Furnace Plant With Full Recovery Pressure Equalizing System

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2085848A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-31
NL7104317A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-06
FR2085848B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-17
DE2016205A1 (de) 1971-10-07
GB1331553A (en) 1973-09-26
AT319296B (de) 1974-12-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2813318A (en) Method and apparatus for treating granular material
US3761360A (en) Re entrainment charging of preheated coal into coking chambers of a coke oven battery
US2408945A (en) Blast-furnace charging system
US3735970A (en) Method and apparatus for equalizing the gas pressures of sluice chambers and furnace zones of shaft furnaces, particularly blast furnaces
US4048757A (en) System for metering abrasive materials
US4162784A (en) Pressure equalization apparatus and method
US1889163A (en) Conveying fine-grained materials
US4315619A (en) Process and system for recovering top gas from blast furnace or the like
US3041059A (en) Combined gas cleaner and cooler
US3343825A (en) Pressure equalizer and discharger of a blast furnace
US3297432A (en) Blast furnace charging apparatus pressurization
US3082073A (en) Method of increasing efficiency of pipelines
US2753220A (en) Apparatus for controlling the application of concrete in the lining of tunnels
US2585800A (en) Bleeder and equalizer for blast furnaces
US3117844A (en) Apparatus for contacting fluidized solid particles with gas
US3371917A (en) Apparatus for feeding fuel into a blast furnace
US4179340A (en) Apparatus for supplying preheated coal charges to coking chambers
US4802796A (en) Pressure-reducing device for particulate material
KR100805052B1 (ko) 고로 설비에 있어서 원료 장입용 호퍼의 균압 제어 장치
US3879179A (en) Method and apparatus for handling dust separated from gases
US2040532A (en) Blast furnace construction
US3123407A (en) Valve v-
US1359497A (en) Apparatus for the concentration of ores
JP6344008B2 (ja) 炉頂ホッパーの均圧方法
US4593478A (en) Pressure-reducing valve