US3732936A

US3732936A - Percussion mechanism

Info

Publication number: US3732936A
Application number: US00114115A
Authority: US
Inventors: B Sudnishnikov; A Kostylev; A Petreev; K Gurkov; K Tupitsyn; V Klimashko
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1971-02-10
Filing date: 1971-02-10
Publication date: 1973-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 1990-05-15
Also published as: AU440842B2; AU2577171A

Abstract

A percussion mechanism, for making holes in the ground by compacting the ground, having a housing connected with a working unit and accommodating a striker adapted to deliver impacts upon the working unit while reciprocating inside the housing under the effect of the working fluid; the striker having a tail piece provided with a nozzle through which the working fluid escapes to develop the reactive thrust of the striker, while in the portion of the housing behind the nozzle there is a through opening adapted for the removal of the jet stream, leaving the nozzle.

Description

United States Patent [191 Sudnishnikov et al.

[54] PERCUSSION MECHANISM Inventors: Boris Filed:

Vasilievich Sudnishnikov, Krasny prospekt, 56, kv. 59; Alexander Dmitrievich Kostylev, ulitsa Derzhavina, 19, kv. 44; Anatoly Mikhailovich Petreev, ulitsa Sibiryakov-Gvardeitsev, 8, kv. 59; Konstantin Stepanovich Gurkov, ulitsa Dershavina, 19, kv. 68; Konstantin Konstantinovich Tupitsyn, ulitsa Krylova, 3, kv. 37; Vladimir Vasilievich Klimashko, ulitsa Novogodnyaya, 44, kv. 23, all of Novosibirsk, U.S.S.R.

Feb. 10, 1971 Appl. No.: 114,115

U.S. Cl. ..l73/l37, 60/6, 60/200,

91/234 Int. Cl. ..B25d 9/14 Field of Search ..91/234; 60/6, 200;

[ 1 May 15, 1973 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,440,082 12/1922 lnslee ..91/234 X 803,877 ll/l905 Champ 173/136 X 2,001,190 5/1935 Ginter ..173/1 34 X Primary ExaminerErnest R. Purser Attorney Holman & Stern [5 7] ABSTRACT A percussion mechanism, for making holes in the ground by compacting the ground, having a housing connected with a working unit and accommodating a striker adapted to deliver impacts upon the working unit while reciprocating inside the housing under the effect of the working fluid; the striker having a tail piece provided with a nozzle through which the working fluid escapes to develop the reactive thrust of the striker, while in the portion of the housing behind the nozzle there is a through opening adapted for the removal of the jet stream, leaving the nozzle.

1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure space. According to the present invention, the tail 1 PERCUSSION MECHANISM The present invention relates to percussion-action mechanisms for use, in particular, in devices for making. holes in the ground by compacting the ground, or in powerful percussion-action machines designed to be borne in hands or supported by a prop during the operatiori.

There is a well known Prior Art percussion mechanism comprising a housing connected with a working unit and accommodating in its inner space, a striker which forms front and rear variable-volume chambers and which delivers impacts upon the working unit while reciprocating insidethe housing under the effect of the working fluid supplied to the chambers,

In the known mechanism,the reaction of forces accelerating the striker" during the working stroke and stopping it during the return stroke is taken up by the housing.

The value of these forces depends upon the paramegreater the power of the percussion mechanism (N Av), the greater the force required for holding the hous ing during its recoil. I

However, the possibility of developing a considerable retaining force is limited. Such is the case when using manual percussion-action machines, as well as machines for making holes in loose ground by way of compacting the ground, where the cohesion of the housing with the ground is very low which causes the operation of the mechanism without its forward movement. In such cases, it is impossible to use powerful percussion mechanisms of the known type.

It is an object of the present invention to develop a percussion mechanism providing for a possibility of a rapid increase of its power at a limited value of the force designed to keep the housing from withdrawing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Generally, the present invention relates to a percussion mechanism which comprises a housing connected with a working unit and accommodating, in its inner space, a striker adapted to deliver impacts upon the working unit while reciprocating in the inner space under the effect of working fluid supplied into said piece of a the, is formed with at least one nozzle through which the working fluid escapes to develop the reactive thrust of the striker, while in the portionof the housing behind .the nozzle there is provided a through opening for the removal of the working fluid leaving 60 in the mechanism is independent of theenergy and fre-.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING For a better understanding of the present invention, presented hereinbelow is a detailed description of an exemplary embodiment thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which the sole FIGURE is a diagrammatic view partly in elevation and partly in cross section of the present percussion mechanism.

Referring to the drawing, the present percussion mechanism comprises a housing I accommodatingin its inner space la striker 2 adapted, to deliver, during its reciprocation, impacts upon a working unit 3 arranged in the front portion of the housing 1-.

The striker 2 moves under the effect of a working fluid such as air supplied to the inner space 1a of the housing 1. The striker includes a nose portion 2a and a tail portion 217. The nose portion and tail portion are provided withannular recesses 20 and 2d respectively which coact with the wall of the inner space Ia to provide

chambers

5 and 6 which are movable longitudinally with respect to the inner'space la. The forward end of the nose portion 2a, the rearward end of the working unit 3 and the inner space la of the housing 1 are shaped to provide a front chamber 4.

Provided in the tail portion 2b of the striker 2 is a bore 2e which communicates with a nozzle 7 through which working fluid escapes to develop the reactive thrust of the striker 2. The movement of the striker 2 in a direction away from the working unit 3 is limited by a reactive force arriving when the working fluid flow out of the nozzle 7. This reactive force stops the striker during the reverse stroke thereof and accelerates its 0 forward stroke towards the working unit 3. When the supply of working fluid is discontinued, the striker 2 is prevented from falling out of the housing 1 by a conventional stop which could be a bead located within the inner space of the housing.

For supplying the working fluid to the nozzle 7 of the striker 2, ports 8 are provided in the tail portion 2b which provides communication between the chamber 6 and the bore 2e. In the housing 1 provision is made for two axially spaced

ports

9 and 10 which are in permanent communication with a main (not shown in the drawing) via which the working fluid is supplied to the

chambers

5 and 6 Also provided in the housing 1 are two axially spaced

ports

11 and 12 serving for the supply of the working fluid to the front chamberfi, through a conduct 11a and a further port 13 serving to periodically provide communication between the front chamber 4 and the atmosphere.

In the portion of the housing I behind the nozzle 7, there is a through opening 14 adapted for the removal of the jet.

The present percussion mechanism operates as follows.

In the drawing, the mechanism is shown at the moment the striker 2 delivers an impact upon the working unit 3. During the return stroke of the striker as a result of the shift of the chamber 5 with respect to the port 10 the latter port 10 is by wall covered a portion of the striker 2 and the supply of the working fluid to the front chamber 4 via port 10, chamber 5, port 11, conduit 1 la and port 12 is discontinued.

Upon further movement of the striker 2 the port 13 is opened, as a result of which the working fluid is discharged from the chamber 4 to the atmosphere. When the chamber 6communicates with the port 9, it is possible to supply, from the main (not shown in the drawing) the working fluid to the nozzle 7 via the port 9, the chamber 6, the port 8 and the bore 2e. The working fluid escapes through the nozzle 7 thereby developing the reactive thrust and providing for heating the striker 2 followed by the striker acceleration in the direction of the working unit 3 and delivering an impact upon the unit 3.

At the end of the working stroke of the striker 2, the chamber 6 shifts with respect to the port 9 whereby the port 9 is covered by a portion of the outer wall of the striker 2 and the supply of the working fluid to the nozzle 7 is discontinued.

The chamber is once more placed in communication with the port 10 to provide for the supply of the working fluid via the ports 11, the conduit 11a and the port 12 to the front chamber 4. Thereupon, the cycle is repeated.

Products of fuel combustion, steam, steam-gas mixture, compressed air, etc. can be used as the energy carrier in the present percussion mechanism.

We claim:

1. A percussion mechanism comprising a housing having an inner space, a working unit connected with the housing, a striker arranged in the inner space of the housing for reciprocating movement therein, said striker having a nose portion for coaction with the working unit and a tail portion, said tail portion being provided with a passage disposed parallel to the axis thereof communicating with a nozzle extending to the rear end of the tail portion, and a means for supplying a working fluid to the inner space, said nose portion of the striker delivering impacts upon the working unit during reciprocation of the striker under the action of the working fluids supplied into the inner space and flowing through the passage in the tail portion of the striker, the working fluid leaving the passage via the nozzle and providing for the reactive thrust of the striker, said housing having a through opening located rearwardly of the tail portion of the striker for the removal of the reactive fluid.