US3732779A - Under-center gun toggle mechanism with toggle biasing means at given position - Google Patents
Under-center gun toggle mechanism with toggle biasing means at given position Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3732779A US3732779A US00191619A US3732779DA US3732779A US 3732779 A US3732779 A US 3732779A US 00191619 A US00191619 A US 00191619A US 3732779D A US3732779D A US 3732779DA US 3732779 A US3732779 A US 3732779A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- toggle
- under
- gun
- bolt
- center
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
- F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
- F41A3/50—Toggle-joint locks, e.g. crank-operated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
- F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
- F41A5/24—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated by direct action of gas pressure on bolt or locking elements
Definitions
- ..89/l89, 42/71 P is PP recede into its handle by the effects of gas 51 Int. Cl. ..F4lc 5/02 Pressure generated at the time of firing and p y g 581 Field of Search ..89/168, 175, 189; a toggle biasing means at a given position on the 42/71 p gle mechanism.
- This invention pertains to toggle action weapons, and is particularly directed to means for causing a blow back toggle to recede into the handle of the pistol by gas pressure generated at the time of firing and employing a toggle biasing means at a given position on the toggle mechanism.
- This invention is particularly directed to toggle action weapons such as pistols wherein the toggle is tripped from an under-center locked position by gas pressure from the gun barrel when the gun is fired.
- the toggle is caused to recede into the handle of the piston to offset the effects of firing recoil and is biased toward its under-center locked position by a spring means bearing on the toggle at a given position.
- Under-center toggles in toggle action weapons can be made to work as efficiently and lock as permanently when properly designed as an over-center toggle for the same mechanism.
- Under-center toggle action weapons and particularly pistols can be designed to use high chamber pressure ammunition, i.e., heavy charged ammunition, and to use it effectively in a short barreled weapon.
- the under-center toggle can be locked effectively in slightly under-center position requiring pressure from the exploding bullet to trigger it, causing it to collapse.
- new and improved toggle action weapon reacting on the toggle in a given position return the toggle to a predetermined undercenter locked position, which position accomplishes the function of a locked over-center position.
- an improved under-center toggle action weapon is provided which is locked in an under-center position and triggered by gas pressure generated in its gun barrel.
- Another object of this invention is to provide an improved under-center toggle actionweapon biased to its under-center position by spring means engaging the toggle in a particular manner.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a weapon with a toggle design such that it can utilize high chamber presure ammunition.
- a still further object of this invention is to provide a weapon having an under-center toggle tripped by pressure generated in the gun barrel which controls the breech pressure at the time of opening so as to eliminate or greatly reduce residual pressure at the time the breech opens.
- a still further object of this invention is to provide an adjustably positioned under-center toggle for a weapon that employs a biasing means reacting against the toggle in a predetermined position so that it is dynamically balanced to accomplish a smooth, consistent, and continuous pressure throughout the movement of the bolt after tripping, in which the line of force from the mov ing parts is directed to the palm of the hand, thereby virtually eliminating all noticeable recoil.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gas operated toggle action weapon taken on the line 1-1 of FIG. 2, and incorporating the features of this invention;
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 2+2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged end view on. the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the weapon shown in FIG. 2 taken along the line 44;
- FIG. 5 is a modification of the gas operated toggle action weapon shown in FIG. 1 employing a particular arrangement of the toggle biasing means and the gas discharge passage for tripping the toggle;
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 66 of FIG. 5.
- FIGS. 1-4 illustrate an example of one embodiment of this invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a pistol having a frame and a handle 11, a trigger 12 with trigger guard 13, and bullet magazine 14.
- a demountable adjustably positioned barrel 15 has a rear end diameter portion 16 which is received in the semi-circular bore 18 in the front end of the frame 10.
- An elongated clamp 20 is pivotally mounted on a suitable hinge screw 21 secured in the frame 10 so that the clamp 20 can swing downwardly as shown in FIG. 2 to the broken line position 20a.
- the outer end of the clamp 20 is provided with a mating semi-circular bore and groove to match bore 18 to grip the diameter portion 16 to secure the gun barrel 15 in firing position on the frame 10.
- the bullet magazine 14 is demountably secured by the usual releasable latch in a guide sleeve 27 of the frame 10 to feed the bullets 28 into insertion and firing position by the usual bolt 29, which moves on the guide keys 30 in appropriate guide slots 31 and 32 in the frame 10 and clamp 20.
- the rear end of the bolt 29 is pivotally connected by a pivot pin 34 carried in the front end of the front link 35, the rear end of which is pivotally connected by a pivot pin 36 to the front end of the rear link 37, in turn pivotally connected by a pivot pin 38 carried in the rear portion of the frame 10 to thus provide a toggle -37 for controlling the movement of the bolt 29.
- the toggle 35-37 is aligned, as shown in full line in FIG. 1, at which time the axis 40 of pin 36 is slightly below a line between the axes 41 and 42 of pins 34 and 38 so that the toggle 35-37 is in an under-center locked position as shown in full line in FIG. 1.
- a compression spring 44 is carried on a push rod 45 slidingly supported in a clearance hole 46 in a baffle 47 in the handle 11 and pivotally connected by a pin 48 to the link 37, the compression spring 44 oper-
- the toggle 35-37 is tripped from under-center i locked position by gas pressure from the gun barrel when the gun is fired.
- a gas tube 50 is provided which communicates between a port 51 in the gun barrel 15 and a chamber 52 arranged at the back or handle end of the weapon immediately above the under-center toggle 35-37.
- Chamber 52 contains an opening or orifice 53 directly above the undercenter toggle so that gas under pressure from the gun barrel can be communicated directly to the undercenter toggle.
- a pocket 54 may be formed in one of the links of the over-center toggle such as link 37 to form a means for holding or controlling the gas under pressure used to trip the toggle mechanism.
- the pocket 54 is shown in the drawing it is not intended that it be a limitation of the disclosure since gas under pressure in tube 50 will trip the under-center toggle without the pocket indentation, although the pocket more closely controls the direction of gas pressure applied to the toggle mechanism.
- a compression spring 61 is arranged between a shoulder 62, formed around a bore 63 defined in a protruding lug 64 of bolt 29 and a ridge 62a formed in a bore 65 defined by frame 10 and clamp 20.
- Lug 64 is shown as being integral with bolt 29.
- the inertia of the bolt 29 continues rearwardly, compressing the recoil compression spring 61 until the end of the lug 64 engages a stop surface 67 of the frame 10.
- the bolt 29 and toggle 35-37 are returned to their original positions by the stored-up energy in the two springs 44 and 61. This completes the firing cycle and prepares the gun for the second firing, having picked up an additional bullet 28 from the clip magazine and placed it in the chamber when the tolt returned to its original position by well known conventional mechanism.
- a manual lever 70 is provided on the gun which, when rotated by the operator clockwise against the action of spring 71, contacts the undercenter toggle 35-37, causing it to trip far enough to allow the operator to move the bolt 29 back sufficiently to allow a bullet 28 from the clip magazine 14 to enter the chamber of the gun for the first firing action.
- spring 71 Upon collapse of the toggle, bolt 29 is moved rearwardly by the operator pulling on rod 72.
- the toggle 35-37 when in the under-center locked position and in its collapsed position, causes very little lateral movement of push rod 45 so that most of the action of compression spring 44 acts longitudinally of the length of push rod 45 to take substantially full advantage of its expansion and contraction forces for moving the toggle to its locked and unlocked positions.
- This type of action aids in absorbing the reaction forces or kick" of the weapon upon explosion of the bullets used in the weapon.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 a weapon 10' is shown which is similar to weapon 10 shown in FIG. 1, and wherein like parts of a substantially similar configuration are provided with the same reference characters identified with a prime symbol.
- Weapo'n 10' differs from weapon 10 in that pin 48 connecting push rod 45' to the toggle 35-37 is connected to it so that the longitudinal axis of rod 45' is substantially perpendicular to axis 40" of pin 36.
- This arrangement provides a more effective force absorbing action by compression spring 44'that that of the weapon shown in FIG. 1 and also the weapons of the prior art.
- the gas tube 50' communicates between port 51 in the gun barrel and chamber 52 arranged at the back or handle end of the weapon imme- 65' defined by frame 10' and clamp Lug 64' is shown as being integral with bolt 29'.
- bore 65' is of sufficient length so that compression spring 61', when fully compressed in toggle collapsed position, is substantially contained within bore 65.
- bolt 29 moves on guide keys 30' in appropriate guide slots 31' and 32' in frame 10' and clamp 20 longitudinally of the breech opening 33 as heretofore described for weapon 10 shown in FIGS. 1-4.
- the particular advantage of the weapon shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is that it is so designed by the connection of push rod 45' to the toggle 35'-37' that it more effectively absorbs recoil of the weapon and effectively locks the toggle in its under-center locked position, where it takes the force of the bullet exploding to collapse the toggle.
- a toggle action gun comprising:
- toggle interconnected between the bolt and the frame said toggle being characterized by an undercenter position slightly below a line between the outer pivot axes of the toggle on the bolt and on the frame,
- conduit means interconnecting the interior of said hollow barrel with a zone immediately adjacent said under-center toggle for transmitting gas under pressure in said barrel during firing to said zone for releasing said toggle from its under-center position, compression means for controlling the movement of said toggle as it collapses by causing its intermediate pivot axis to swing downwardly within the handle of the gun, said compression means comprising a push rod pivotally mounted on said toggle at a point between its end and slidably mounted for movement longitudinally in said handle, and
- spring means mounted on said push rod between a fixed flange in said handle and a fixed flange on said push rod for compressing said spring means as it compresses during movement of said push rod in said handle during collapsing of said toggle, said spring means biasing said toggle to its under-center position after a collapsing action of said toggle.
- a toggle action gun as set forth in claim 2 wherein a spring is mounted between said bolt and said frame for biasing said bolt toward its under-center toggle locked position.
- a toggle action gun as set forth in claim 4 in further combination with a second compression spring mounted between said bolt and said frame for movement parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bolt for biasing said bolt to its toggle under-center locked position, said spring means and said second compression spring cooperating to drive said bolt and said toggle back to its under-center locked position after a toggle collapsing operation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US19161971A | 1971-10-22 | 1971-10-22 | |
FR7307524A FR2220054B1 (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1973-03-02 | |
CH309473A CH569947A5 (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1973-03-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3732779A true US3732779A (en) | 1973-05-15 |
Family
ID=27174123
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00191619A Expired - Lifetime US3732779A (en) | 1971-10-22 | 1971-10-22 | Under-center gun toggle mechanism with toggle biasing means at given position |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3732779A (en) |
CH (1) | CH569947A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2251642A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2220054B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1372484A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4467698A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1984-08-28 | Perrine Walter E | Angular shape firing pin for use with a collapsible toggle recoil in a hand held weapon |
US4719841A (en) * | 1986-08-18 | 1988-01-19 | Perrine Walter E | Trigger release mechanisms for full and semi automatic open bolt weapons |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US317162A (en) * | 1885-05-05 | Hieam stevens maxim |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3661049A (en) * | 1970-03-18 | 1972-05-09 | Walter E Perrine | Gas operated toggle action weapon |
US3709091A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1973-01-09 | W Perrine | Adjustable hesitation blow back operated gun toggle mechanism |
-
1971
- 1971-10-22 US US00191619A patent/US3732779A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-10-20 DE DE2251642A patent/DE2251642A1/en active Pending
- 1972-10-20 GB GB4839672A patent/GB1372484A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-03-02 CH CH309473A patent/CH569947A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-03-02 FR FR7307524A patent/FR2220054B1/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US317162A (en) * | 1885-05-05 | Hieam stevens maxim |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4467698A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1984-08-28 | Perrine Walter E | Angular shape firing pin for use with a collapsible toggle recoil in a hand held weapon |
US4719841A (en) * | 1986-08-18 | 1988-01-19 | Perrine Walter E | Trigger release mechanisms for full and semi automatic open bolt weapons |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH569947A5 (en) | 1975-11-28 |
DE2251642A1 (en) | 1973-04-26 |
FR2220054A1 (en) | 1974-09-27 |
GB1372484A (en) | 1974-10-30 |
FR2220054B1 (en) | 1977-02-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KOEHMEMANN, JOHN G., 2256 W. LINDNER, #29, MESA, A Free format text: LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:PERRINE, WALTER E.;REEL/FRAME:004991/0889 Effective date: 19880605 Owner name: PIRANHA INTERNATIONAL, INC., A CORP. OF NV Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KOEHNEMANN, JOHN G.;REEL/FRAME:004991/0888 Effective date: 19880606 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: W S DEVELOPMENT INC., 7702 W. COLLEGE DR., PHOENIX Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PERRINE, WALTER E.;REEL/FRAME:005146/0104 Effective date: 19881112 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED FILE - (OLD CASE ADDED FOR FILE TRACKING PURPOSES) |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: PERRINE, WALTER E. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:W S DEVELOPMENT, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005281/0826 Effective date: 19891006 |