US3727359A - Cranes - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3727359A
US3727359A US00217265A US3727359DA US3727359A US 3727359 A US3727359 A US 3727359A US 00217265 A US00217265 A US 00217265A US 3727359D A US3727359D A US 3727359DA US 3727359 A US3727359 A US 3727359A
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Prior art keywords
section
sections
latch
cable
tower
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00217265A
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English (en)
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W Vonck
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs

Definitions

  • the invention disclosed concerns a telescoping crane having a number of sections which nest one within the other in a contracted condition.
  • Two sets of latch mechanism are disclosed one to hold the telescoped sections in their extended condition and the other to hold them in their contracted condition. The latter mechanism ensure that the tension in the cable used to telescope the sections outwards raises the upper most section last.
  • This invention relates to cranes and in particular to means for extending and contracting a boom comprising a number of movable sections which are interconnected by an extension cable.
  • a crane includes a boom, such as a tower or a jib, which boom comprises at least three sections namely first, second and third sections extensible between contracted and extended conditions, of which, when extended, the first is uppermost of the three and the third lowermost, an extension cable extending between the sections and being capable, upon taking in or paying out of the cable, of causing movement of the sections with respect to one another to vary the length of the boom, a first latch mechanism arranged to latch the first section and second section in their mutually contracted condition against movement with respect to each other whilst the first section and the second section are together moved by the extension cable with respect to the third section to lengthen the boom; and a second latch mechanism arranged to latch the second section and third section in their mutually extended condition against movement with respect to each other whilst the first section is moved with respect to the second section, by the extension cable, to shorten the boom.
  • a boom such as a tower or a jib
  • which boom comprises at least three sections namely first, second and third sections extensible
  • the second latch mechanism is releasable by means of a cable connected therewith, which cable conveniently comprises the extension cable.
  • the first latch mechanism may also be arranged to be releasable by applying a predetermined tension to the extension cable, and preferably the first latch mechanism includes means whereby the value of the predetermined tension in the extension cable at which the latch is released may be varied.
  • a tower is made up from a number of telescopic sections of appropriate cross-section, the largest section being at the bottom of the tower.
  • the tendency is for the inner-most section to rise first until it is fully extended and then for the second smallest section to rise carrying with it the already extended smallest section and so on.
  • This sequence of raising sections would be undesirable since as each succeeding section is raised it would carry with it all the already extended smaller sections, making the erection very unstable and would extend the weakest sections first making the tower weak.
  • latches according to the invention By the arrangement of latches according to the invention between adjacent sectionsit is arranged that when the telescoping cable is taken in to raise the tower the section next to the bottom section will move first, tegether with the other telescoped smaller sections therein, and when that section is fully extended the next succeeding smaller section will move, and so on until the last section to extend is the uppermost section.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a crane of the extensible tower type according to the present invention shown partially extended with certain parts of the tower removed for clarity;
  • FIG. 2 shows in three stages, in a diagrammatic manner, the extension and contraction of three sections of a tower
  • FIG. 3 shows the method of extension of three sections of a tower in a prior proposal
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional plan of the tower
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional side elevation on theline 5-5 of FIG. 4 with both latch mechanisms in an engaged position
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 with one of the latch mechanisms released.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mobile type of crane comprising a chassis 10 mounted on wheels 1 1 and supporting a turntable 12 by means of a slewing ring 13.
  • a support 15 for the base of a tower generally indicated at 20 Upstanding from one part of the periphery of the turntable 12 is a support 15 for the base of a tower generally indicated at 20.
  • the tower is made up of four telescoping sections namely a lower. swection 21 secured to the support 15, and three section s'22, 23 and 24 which are arranged to telescope into and out of one another between a lowered position and an extended position.
  • the upper end of the uppermost section 24 is supported by a derricking cable 26, and carries pulleys 27 and 28 over which extends a hoisting cable 29.
  • the cables 26 and 29 extend'downwards over the end of a so-called A- frame 30 and down to winches (not shown) on the turntable 12.
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates a sequence of operations when extending three telescoped tower sections A, B and C according to the present invention.
  • the desired sequence for extension is in the order shown from left to right, i.e., in FIGS. 2(b) the sections B and C are lifted bodily out of section A and thereafter movement takes place towards FIG. 2(0) by the removal of section C from section E4.
  • FIG. 3 This is in contrast to the prior construction illustrated in FIG. 3 wherein three tower sections A, B and C are extended firstly to the FIG. 3(b) position wherein the inner tower C is first lifted out of the tower section B'. Thereafter the two sections B and C are lifted to the FIG. 3(c) position.
  • the normal tendency is for the sequence of FIG. 3 to take place because when raising the tower the taking in of a telescoping cable extending around pulleys on the various sections of the tower for example in the manner shown in FIG. 2 results in tendency for the lowest i.e., the innermost and eventually the uppermost, section to rise first until it is fully extended to the FIG. 3(b) position and then for the second smallest section B to rise carrying with it the smallest section C'.
  • This sequence of raising sections is undesirable since as each section is raised it will carry with it the already extending smaller sections making the erection unstable and the tower weak.
  • the invention is therefore specifically concerned with providing mechanisms to ensure the sequence of operations of FIG. 2, i.e., the movement of the sections of the tower from FIG. 2(a) firstly to FIG. 2(b) and then to FIG. 2(c) on telescoping upwards and the reverse operation, i.e., from FIG. 2(a) firstly to FIG. 2(b) and thereafter to FIG. 2(a) on lowering.
  • This operation of lowering is also in contrast to the natural sequence of operations in the prior proposal since in general, on contracting a tower, owing to the weight of the sections of the tower the tendency when the telescoping cable is released is for the sections to move from FIG. 3(c) position to FIG. 3(b) followed by movement from FIG. 3(b) to FIG. 3(a).
  • FIG. 2(0) diagrammatically illustrate the form of two latch mechanisms by which this sequence'of operations is ensured.
  • a telescoping cable 31 is shown which passes over a pulley 32 at the upper end of the tower section A in FIG. 2 and then around a pair of pulleys 33 at the lower end of the section B and upwards to similar pulleys on the upper end of the section B and the lower end of the section C.
  • Mounted on the underside of each of the sections B and C is a hook 35 which is arranged to co-operate with a detent 36 in the lower end of the next lowest tower section.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 The details of the manner in which these hooks and detents co-operate to form one of the latch mechanisms is shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 and will be described hereafter.
  • each tower section which extends out of a lower section has associated with it latch mechanisms 41 by which the tower is secured in its extended position against downward movement into the next lower section.
  • latch mechanisms 41 are so provided that catches 40 which hold the sections extended are withdrawn in the correct sequence to ensure the lowering of the tower sections in the sequence indicated in FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 the manner in which the latch mechanisms 41 release the catches 40 in the correct sequence will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • FIG. 4 this shows part of the three sections 21,22 and 23 of the tower illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • each of the sections is rectangular in plan and is formed by corner posts 45 interconnected by transverse rails 46 and diagonal tubular bracing 47.
  • the tower section 2 is shown in its lowered position nested within the tower section 22 for which purpose the tower section 23 rests on brackets 50 secured to the tower section 22.
  • This latter section is however shown in elevated position extended from the outer, lowermost section 21.
  • FIG. 5 represents the relative positions of the sections 21, 22 and 23 which correspond to the relative position of the diagrammatic tower sections A, B and C in FIG. 2(b).
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, on a considerably larger scale, the hook 35 which projects downwards from the lower end of the tower section 23 and its co-operating detent 36 which is pivoted at 34 to the next lower section 22.
  • the detent 36 comprises a pair of parallel side plates 36A, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a transverse latch pin 37 extends between these side plates of the detent 36.
  • the latch pin co-operates with a shouldered surface 38 of the hook 35 when in the connected position of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the detent 36 is biassed anti-clockwise in FIG. 5 by means of a spring 55 extending between an abutment 56 on the upper end of the detent 36 and adjustable spring mount 57 secured to one of the diagonal tubular braces 47 of the tower section 23.
  • the lower end of the hook 35 has an inclined member 48 extending downwards from it and affording a ramp surface 39 for co-operation with the pin 37. Accordingly as the tower section 24 is lowered into the tower section 23 the latch pin 37 will engage the ramp surface 39 and move the detent 36 clockwise, compressing the spring 55, until the latch pin 37 can engage on the shouldered surface 38 of the hook 35. Separation of the pin 37 from the surface 38 can only take place by compression of the spring 55 and as will be described the different rates of the springs in the various sections governs the sequence in which the sections will separate.
  • the plates 60 forming this bar are interconnected by a roller 61 around which a run of the telescoping cable 31 extends as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the bar formed by the two plates 60 is in such a position that the run of cable 31 around the roller 61 is kinked slightly as shown at 62. Accordingly a tension in the cable at this time will tend to cause the kinked section 62 to straighten to a vertical position which will therefore tend to move the bar formed by the plates 60 leftwards, in FIG. 5 to the position shown in FIG. 6.
  • the four catches 40 are each formed integrally as a hooked upper end of a vertical arm 65 of a bell crank 66 pivoted at 72 to the adjacent comer port.
  • the bell crank 66 has lower generally horizontal arm 67 and the pair of catches 40 shown in FIG. 5 are caused to cooperate one with the other by an interconnection generally shown at 68 in FIG. 5.
  • This comprises a tongue 69 on one bell crank co-operating with a recess 70 on the other to allow for pivoting movement of the two bell cranks 66 about their horizontal pivotal connections 72.
  • the righthand bell crank 66 in FIG. 5 is interconnected with a corresponding bell crank for the hook 40 on the opposite side of the framework of this section by means of a rod 75.
  • a similar rod 76 extends between the upper end of the bell crank 66 on the lefthand side in FIG. 5 and the corresponding position on the similar bell crank at the top lefthand corner of FIG. 4.
  • a compression spring 77 is provided which, via a plate 78, bears against pins 79 and 80 secured to the arms 67 of the bell cranks adjacent the connection 68.
  • the purpose of the spring 77 is to bias the ends of the arms 67 of the bell crank upwards and hence to bias the catches 40 outwards into the operative position of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows the catches 40 withdrawn inwards to a disengaged position.
  • Such movement to the disengaged position has been caused by a tensioning ofthe cable 31 so that the kinked region 62 of FIG. 5 disappears, i.e., the run of cable adjacent the roller 61 on the lefthand end of the bar fonned by the two plates 60 is substantially. vertical.
  • these plates are each formed with similar aligned notches 84 cut into their lower sides and arranged to overlie the transverse rod 75. Accordingly the leftward movement of the plate 60 between the positions of FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • a second spring mount 85 having an adjusting screw 86.
  • a compression spring 88 Extending between the spring mount 85 and a plate 87 secured to the detent 36 is a compression spring 88.
  • This compression spring will therefore be compressed as the plate 60 moves from the FIG. 5 to the FIG. 6 position so tending to the plates 60 back to the right.
  • the plates 60 extend through a support 90 within the frame of the section a 2 2.
  • the support 90 has an aperture 91. This aperture 91 not only permits sliding movement of the plates 60 horizontally but also a tilting movement of the plates 60 to the chain-dotted line position shown in FIG. 6. The purpose of such tilting movement will be described shortly.
  • the operation of the crane is as follows. Dealing firstly with the disconnection of two extended sections of tower, as will be required during downward contraction of the tower, it will firstly be assumed that the upper sections 23 and 24 have been telescoped into their desired positions within the section 22 although the section 24 is not shown in FIG. 5 for clarity. Thereafter it will be necessary to release the catches 40 shown in FIG. 5 in order to permit the sections 22, 23 and 24 to be lowered bodily into the section 21. Since the catches 40 have overhanging ends 92 which overlie the outer surface of the associated transverse members 51 it will be appreciated that the catches 40 cannot be withdrawn inwards unless the three tower sections 21, 22 and 23 are lifted slightly.
  • the righthand ends of the plates 60 have a roller 95 positioned between them which cooperates with a further vertical plate 96 extending up the side of the next outer tower section. As can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6 the upper end of this plate 96 is turned outwards to form a cam surface 97.
  • a stop 98 Secured to one of the diagonal tubular braces 47 above the plates 60 is a stop 98.
  • the roller 95 will engage the cam surface 97 which will lift the plates 60 to the chaindotted line position shown in FIG. 6 this movement being permitted by the aperture 91 in the support 90.
  • the roller will be forced down on the inside of the plate 96 which will cause the plate 60 to move leftwards slightly.
  • the region 99 of the under-surface of the plate 60 indicated in FIG. 6 can rest on the rod 75.
  • Such further leftward movement of the plate 60 will of course move the roller on the lefthand end of the plate 60 away from the cable 31. It will be appreciated that the movement of the plate 60 to the chain-dotted line position will be caused by reaction of the roller 95 against the plate 96, the extent of movement being governed by the position of the stop 98.
  • section A is equivalent to section 22
  • section B is equivalent to section 23
  • section C is equivalent to section 24.
  • the two sets of first catch mechanisms shown will be inter-engaged so that the hooks 35 will be engaged by their respective detents 36, and the associated springs 55 of these two mechanisms will be compressed.
  • the tension in the cable 31 it will be necessary for the tension in the cable 31 to overcome the compression of the associated spring 55.
  • the shouldered surface of the hook slopes downwards slightly to ensure that the detent can transmit part of the tension to the spring 55 and, as this spring is compressed, so the detent 36 can be released from the hook 35.
  • each tower section is two-thirds of a ton in weight it can be arbitrarily chosen with the load required to release the lower of the lower detent is one-third of a ton.
  • the load required on the cable to release that detent will also include the weight of say two sections above it, the total tension required to lift these two sections against the action of the spring will be five-thirds of a ton.
  • the tension in the cable will then return to four-thirds of a ton for lifting the two sections bodily out of the lower section. When they have reached their uppermost position it will be necessary to release'the upper of the two springs.
  • the lifting load required will have to be greater than 1 ton. This is arrived at by subtracting the load of the upper section from the lifting load or tension in the cable on release of the lower mechanism i.e., five-thirds of a ton minus two-thirds of a ton.
  • the load required to release the lower spring is one-third of a ton and the load to release the upper spring is five-thirds of a ton. Similar calculations can apply to any number of tower sections.
  • the invention provides a telescoping crane construction in which the latch mechanisms provided ensure that the uppermost tower section is contracted first followed successively by contraction of next lower sections one after the other.
  • the lowermost of the extending sections is extended first carrying with it the other telescoped sections whereafter further sections are extended in turn with the uppermost section being extended last.
  • a crane including a generally vertical boom which comprises at least three sections, namely first, second and third sections, telescopically associated for relative movement between contracted and extended condition, and in the extended condition of which the first section is the uppermost of the three sections and the third said section is the lowermost, an extension cable operatively interconnected between the respective said sections for extending same in response to tensioning of the cable, latch mechanism carried by each of the first and second of said sections for lateral movement into and from locking engagement with an adjacent said section to interlock said sections in their extended relationship, a portion of said extension cable extendingfin a generally vertical path, a latch release bar guided or generally horizontal movement on each of said first and second sections and linked to the latch mechanism of the respective sections for releasing said mechanism, responsive to horizontal movement of the respective bars; spring means resiliently urging said respective bars horizontally toward operative positions to engage v the latch mechanisms, each said release bar extending transversely to said cable portion of its respective section and having means thereon for engaging and laterally deflecting said portion of the extension cable when the release bar is
  • a crane as defined in claim 1 including second latch mechanisms carried by the respective sections for interlocking each said section with an adjacent said section in the contracted condition of said boom, and means responsive to a predetermined tension in said extension cable for releasing each of said last mentioned latch mechanisms.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US00217265A 1969-02-12 1972-01-12 Cranes Expired - Lifetime US3727359A (en)

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GB764569 1969-02-12

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US3727359A true US3727359A (en) 1973-04-17

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US00217265A Expired - Lifetime US3727359A (en) 1969-02-12 1972-01-12 Cranes

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US (1) US3727359A (fr)
DE (1) DE2006429A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2033326B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1297961A (fr)
NL (1) NL7001949A (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352434A (en) * 1980-05-01 1982-10-05 Fmc Corporation Pendant supported hydraulic extensible boom
US4460098A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-07-17 Fmc Corporation Pendant control system for pendant supported boom
US4467928A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-08-28 Fmc Corporation Pendant supported boom with fixed and live pendant portions
US4489838A (en) * 1981-08-17 1984-12-25 Fmc Corporation Low droop multi-part pendant supported boom
US4491228A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-01-01 Fmc Corporation Floating sheave type pendant pay-out system for pendant supported boom
US4492312A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-01-08 Fmc Corporation External pendant pay-out system with anti-droop control
US4492311A (en) * 1981-08-17 1985-01-08 Fmc Corporation Coupling and latching mechanism for extensible boom
US4544071A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-10-01 Fmc Corporation External pendant pay-out system with anti-droop control
US4557391A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-12-10 Fmc Corporation Method of controlling the angle of a pivotal boom with extensible sections
US4592474A (en) * 1981-08-17 1986-06-03 Fmc Corporation Coupling and latching mechanism for extensible boom
US6520359B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2003-02-18 Grove U.S. Llc Lateral boom locking and actuating unit
US6575318B2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2003-06-10 Atecs Mannesmann Ag Locking unit for a telescopic jib of a crane and telescopic jib
US20100212236A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2010-08-26 Bourdages Evangeliste Gin Pole Device for Raising and Lowering a Tower
US20120301259A1 (en) * 2010-01-14 2012-11-29 Agco Sa Telescopic boom for material handling vehicle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2446907A1 (fr) * 1979-01-18 1980-08-14 Telecommunications Internal Ci Perfectionnement aux pylones telescopiques
GB9204305D0 (en) * 1992-02-28 1992-04-08 Hamble Aerostructures Locking device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2829741A (en) * 1951-04-25 1958-04-08 Ideco Inc Telescoping self-erecting derrick structure
US2942700A (en) * 1955-05-27 1960-06-28 Alpar Mfg Company Telescoping tower
US3398492A (en) * 1966-12-21 1968-08-27 Nat Crane Corp Extendable boom

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE406143A (fr) *
US2819803A (en) * 1954-10-12 1958-01-14 Leo B Obenchain Boom for cranes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2829741A (en) * 1951-04-25 1958-04-08 Ideco Inc Telescoping self-erecting derrick structure
US2942700A (en) * 1955-05-27 1960-06-28 Alpar Mfg Company Telescoping tower
US3398492A (en) * 1966-12-21 1968-08-27 Nat Crane Corp Extendable boom

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4352434A (en) * 1980-05-01 1982-10-05 Fmc Corporation Pendant supported hydraulic extensible boom
US4492311A (en) * 1981-08-17 1985-01-08 Fmc Corporation Coupling and latching mechanism for extensible boom
US4592474A (en) * 1981-08-17 1986-06-03 Fmc Corporation Coupling and latching mechanism for extensible boom
US4489838A (en) * 1981-08-17 1984-12-25 Fmc Corporation Low droop multi-part pendant supported boom
US4557391A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-12-10 Fmc Corporation Method of controlling the angle of a pivotal boom with extensible sections
US4492312A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-01-08 Fmc Corporation External pendant pay-out system with anti-droop control
US4460098A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-07-17 Fmc Corporation Pendant control system for pendant supported boom
US4544071A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-10-01 Fmc Corporation External pendant pay-out system with anti-droop control
US4467928A (en) * 1982-06-30 1984-08-28 Fmc Corporation Pendant supported boom with fixed and live pendant portions
US4491228A (en) * 1982-06-30 1985-01-01 Fmc Corporation Floating sheave type pendant pay-out system for pendant supported boom
US6520359B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2003-02-18 Grove U.S. Llc Lateral boom locking and actuating unit
US6575318B2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2003-06-10 Atecs Mannesmann Ag Locking unit for a telescopic jib of a crane and telescopic jib
US20100212236A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2010-08-26 Bourdages Evangeliste Gin Pole Device for Raising and Lowering a Tower
US20120301259A1 (en) * 2010-01-14 2012-11-29 Agco Sa Telescopic boom for material handling vehicle
US9272884B2 (en) * 2010-01-14 2016-03-01 Agco Sa Telescopic boom for material handling vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2033326B1 (fr) 1975-02-21
NL7001949A (fr) 1970-08-14
FR2033326A1 (fr) 1970-12-04
GB1297961A (fr) 1972-11-29
DE2006429A1 (de) 1970-08-27

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