US3722801A - Fuel injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
US3722801A
US3722801A US00071597A US3722801DA US3722801A US 3722801 A US3722801 A US 3722801A US 00071597 A US00071597 A US 00071597A US 3722801D A US3722801D A US 3722801DA US 3722801 A US3722801 A US 3722801A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
injector
grooves
guide
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00071597A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Chapuis
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Stanadyne LLC
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Stanadyne LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stanadyne LLC filed Critical Stanadyne LLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3722801A publication Critical patent/US3722801A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
    • Y10T137/7835—Valve seating in direction of flow

Definitions

  • References Cited jector is provided with a valve mounted in an apertured valve guide for reciprocation.
  • the bearing por- UNITED STATES PATENTS tion of the valve is provided with a pairof longitu- 957,286 5 1910 'wilson .251 324 dinally Spaced P Peripheral g o which are 2374 593 4 945 Ems/6181M closed by the mating bearing surface of the aperture 2,627,418 2/1953- Ainsworthw of'the guide and serve'to hydraulically center the 3,596,871 8/1971 Rothrock valve in the aperture and minimize mechanical friction 3,089,627 5/1963 Lippig during reciprocation. 3,348,936 8/1968 De1ano alone 3,425,635 2/1969 4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures Patented 'March 27, 1973 3,722,801
  • MARCEL CHAFUIS ATTORNEYS FUEL INJECTOR Each measured charge of pressurized fuel is discharged from the injector into a combustion chamber of an associatedengine to operate the engine at the desired speed and torque, and the delivery of fuel tothe injector, and its discharge therefrom, is timed to take place at a predetermined time during the compression strokeof the piston in the associated cylinder.
  • the injector discharge the-fuel in
  • atomized spray the valveof the injector must be free to chatter", that is, to reciprocate rapidly and frequently between an open and closed position during each injection period. In order to accomplish this, it is essential that the valve be free floating in its guide to avoid seizure or erratic operation of the valve in its guide under all operating conditions and throughout the entire life of the injector.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved injector of the type described having reduced susceptibility to seizure of the valve and related malfunctions under all operating conditions. Included in this object is the provision of means to minimize variations in themechanical friction acting on the valve during reciprocation.
  • a further object of this invention is the provision of a precision fuel injector of the reciprocating valve type which is economical to manufacture and reliable in useQ
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide an injector for a compression-ignition engine wherein the valve is hydraulically centered in its supporting guide. Included in this object is the provision of means for assuring a film of lubricant around the entire periphery of the guide portion of the valve.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of an injector design resulting in consistent chatter between different injectors and between injectors used with different supply pumps and engines.
  • the invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of elements and. arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereafter set forth.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a fuel injector embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the guide portion of the valve of the injector of FIG. 1.
  • the exemplary injector shown herein and embodying the present invention is generally similar to that illustrated in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No, 3,224,684 and includes an elongated generally tubular body having an apertured tip 12 fixed at one end thereof and a central longitudinal bore 14 extending throughout its length. Located within the central bore 14 is a plunger or valve 16 having a conical tip which cooperates with a conical valve seat 18 formed in the tip 12 to control thedischarge of fuel from the injector.
  • a valve guide 20 is shown as being fixedly positioned within the bore 14 of the body 10 at a position remote from the valve seat to slidably mount the valve 16 and position it in coaxial alignment with the valve seat 18.
  • the injector is provided with a fuel inlet 24 communicating with a bore 14 of the tubular body 10 for delivery of discrete measured charges of high pressure fuel thereto from a source (not shown).
  • An adjustable lift stop 40 is also provided for limiting the lift of the valve 16 from the valve seat 18.
  • a pair of annular recesses are provided between the bearing surfaces of the valve guide 20 and those of the guide portion 16a of the valve 16. As shown, the recesses are provided by forming a pair of longitudinally spaced peripheral grooves 50, 52 on the external surface of the valve 16 with the grooves being disposed intermediate the ends of the valve guide 20 so that the mating bearing surface of valve guide 20 overlies the grooves at all times during operation.
  • the grooves 50, 52 are shown as being substantially V-shaped in cross section with an included angle of about A valve provided with such grooves 50, 52 spaced longitudinally about mils apart with the grooves being about 5-15 and debris accumulation which might otherwise occur as a result of solid particulate contaminants in the fuel.
  • transient differential pressures within the bore 14 due to hydraulic shock waves and hydraulic inertia.
  • Such transient differential .pressures adjacent the guide 20 may establish lateral forces on the valve 16 which bias the valve laterally.
  • Such a condition is selfgenerating since it results in a greater clearance (and less resistance for leakage flow) on one side of the valve than on the opposite side.
  • This invention minimizes the effects of this condition by providing for the relatively unimpeded flow of lubricant around the periphery of the valve guide portion 160 through the use of grooves 50, 52. This serves to centralize the valve and reduce the mechanical friction between the valve 16'and the valve guide 20 by promoting a uniform layer of lubricant around the valve guide portion 16a.
  • the rapid reciprocation of the valve during the injection period to provide the desired chatter coupled with the tapered shape of the grooves in the direction of reciprocation, establishesan outward'coinponent of force on the fuel in the grooves 50, '52 to bias the fuel against the bearing surface 'of the guide 20 overlying the grooves 50, 52.
  • This assists in promoting the establishment and maintenance of a uniform layer of lubricating film around the entire periphery of the valve portion 16a thereby offering additional assurance that any tendency of the binding or seizure of the charge is minimized.
  • the present invention provides a new and improved inwardly opening pressure actuated injector which substantially aids in promoting the uniformity in the atomization of the fuel discharged therefrom by reducing the possibility for seizure or increased mechanical friction between the valve and its guide.
  • a liquid fuel injector for injecting into the combustion chamber of an associated engine pulsed charges of liquid fuel received from a high pressure fuel source comprising a tubular body having a bore provided with a valve seat and a discharge tip at one end thereof, a pressure-operated inwardly opening valve disposed in said bore, biasing means for biasing said valve toward said valve seat, an apertured valve guide closing the end of said bore remote from said valve seat, said valve having a bearing portion positioned in the aperture of said valve guide tomount said valve for high speed reciprocating movement toward and away from the valve seat, during each injection period of the valve, and means comprising longitudinally spaced peripheral grooves on said bearing portion of said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00071597A 1970-09-11 1970-09-11 Fuel injector Expired - Lifetime US3722801A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7159770A 1970-09-11 1970-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3722801A true US3722801A (en) 1973-03-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00071597A Expired - Lifetime US3722801A (en) 1970-09-11 1970-09-11 Fuel injector

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3722801A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
AU (1) AU447340B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
BR (1) BR7105965D0 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
CA (1) CA939995A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
DE (1) DE2145253A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
ES (1) ES394987A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
FR (1) FR2107729A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)
GB (1) GB1326306A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916941A (en) * 1974-04-24 1975-11-04 E Systems Inc Throttle valve assembly
US3952927A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-04-27 Standard Oil Company Injection nozzle having guides for nozzle rod
US4179072A (en) * 1977-02-12 1979-12-18 Lucas Industries Limited Fuel injector
US4275844A (en) * 1979-11-30 1981-06-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Fuel injection nozzle
USRE35079E (en) * 1989-02-16 1995-11-07 Sverdlin; Anatoly Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US6477940B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-11-12 Mtu Moteren-Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh High-pressure piston cylinder unit
WO2003004865A1 (de) * 2001-07-07 2003-01-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen
US6685111B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2004-02-03 C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni Fuel injector and relative production method
KR20190116265A (ko) * 2017-02-24 2019-10-14 무사시 엔지니어링 가부시키가이샤 시일 구조 및 상기 시일 구조를 구비하는 장치

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4007202B2 (ja) * 2003-01-23 2007-11-14 株式会社デンソー 軸部材の摺動構造およびインジェクタ

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916941A (en) * 1974-04-24 1975-11-04 E Systems Inc Throttle valve assembly
US3952927A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-04-27 Standard Oil Company Injection nozzle having guides for nozzle rod
US4179072A (en) * 1977-02-12 1979-12-18 Lucas Industries Limited Fuel injector
US4275844A (en) * 1979-11-30 1981-06-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Fuel injection nozzle
USRE35079E (en) * 1989-02-16 1995-11-07 Sverdlin; Anatoly Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US6477940B1 (en) * 1998-03-26 2002-11-12 Mtu Moteren-Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh High-pressure piston cylinder unit
US6685111B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2004-02-03 C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni Fuel injector and relative production method
WO2003004865A1 (de) * 2001-07-07 2003-01-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen
US20040079818A1 (en) * 2001-07-07 2004-04-29 Michael Lindner Fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
US7143965B2 (en) 2001-07-07 2006-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel supply for internal combustion engines
KR20190116265A (ko) * 2017-02-24 2019-10-14 무사시 엔지니어링 가부시키가이샤 시일 구조 및 상기 시일 구조를 구비하는 장치
US11384862B2 (en) * 2017-02-24 2022-07-12 Musashi Engineering, Inc. Seal structure, and device with said seal structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1326306A (en) 1973-08-08
CA939995A (en) 1974-01-15
BR7105965D0 (pt) 1973-04-17
DE2145253A1 (de) 1972-03-16
ES394987A1 (es) 1974-12-01
FR2107729A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) 1972-05-05
AU3268271A (en) 1973-03-01
AU447340B2 (en) 1974-04-11

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AS Assignment

Owner name: MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY, AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005046/0096

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE AUTOMOTIVE CORP., A CORP. OF DE, CONNECT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STANADYNE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005130/0582

Effective date: 19890210

AS Assignment

Owner name: STANADYNE INC., CONNECTICUT

Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHEMICAL BANK, AS SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:007308/0169

Effective date: 19950201