US371766A

US371766A - Steam-generator

Info

Publication number: US371766A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1887-10-18
Anticipated expiration: 1904-10-18

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. E. KELLY.-

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 371,766. Patented Oct. 18, 1887.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. E KELLY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

N. PEIERS. Plmtnillhugmp'nur. Washingwn, D. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. W. E. KELLY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

certain new and useful Improvement in Steam arr no Srn'rns arnnr @rricn.

XVILLIAM E. KELLY, OF NEW BRUNSWVIOK, NE? JERSEY.

STEAM-GE N ERATO R.

QPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,766, dated October 18, 1887.

' Application filed January 27, 1887. Serial No. 225,636. (Nomcdehl .To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. KELLY, of New Brunswick, in the county of Middlesex, in the State of New Jersey, have inventeda Generators, ofwhich the following is a specification.

I will describe a steam-generator embodying my improvement, and then point out the various novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is alongitudinal elevation, partly in section,ofa steam-generator embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section,of said steam-generator, the section being taken at the plane of the line as :0, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the said steam generator, part of the brick work at the rear end of the generator being removed. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken mainly at the plane of the dotted line 9 y, Fig.1. Fig. 5 is asimilar view, illustrating a modification. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the parts illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan illustrating a modification of features shown in Fig. 4. Fig. Sis a front elevation of a modification of such parts. Fig. dis a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is aliorizontal section taken at the plane of the line r: a, Fig. 3, and showing certain parts. Fig. 11 is a view corresponding to Fig. 10, but illustrating a modification of the parts shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a rear elevation of certain parts forming a modification of the parts shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig 12. Fig. 14!. isasectional elevation illustrating a joint between pipe-sections. Fig. 15 is a horizontal section illustrating the parts shown in Fig. 1 1. Fig. 16 is a front view of headers embodying certain features of my improvement. The upper header has the handhole covers removed. The lower header has one of such covers in place and is partially shown in section. Fig. 17 is a vertical section through one of these headers, the section being taken lengthwise of the stcamgenerator. Fig. 18 is a section of a certain plate nsedin the header. Fig. 19 is a front elevation of a header embodying certain modifications, its hand-hole cover being removed. Fig. 20 is a vertical section of the header shown in Fig. 19, this section being taken lengthwise of the steanrgenerator. Fig. 21 is a front view of a header embodying certain modifications, its hand-hole cover being removed. Fig. 22 is a vertical section of the header which is illustrated in Fig. 2]., this section being taken lengthwise of the steam-generator. Figs. 1, 2, and 3 show the various parts of the steamgenerator of a corresponding size; but the other figures illustrate various parts of different sizes and more or less enlarged as compared with Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Adesignates a number of tubes, which are arranged upon an incline and subjected to the influence of the heat from the products of "combustion emanating from a furnace. These tubes are connected at their ends to headers 13 B B B; but the headers B '3 B" and their connecting-tubes may obviously be omitted, if desired.

The headers B are united one above another and connected with the steam and water drum C, so that water, when sufficiently heated, and steam may ascend through the inclined tubes, which are connected to said headers, and rise through the headers 13, to which the uppermost ends of these inclined tubes are connected, into the drum 0, and so that the cooler Water will descend from the drum 0 into and through the headers to which the lower ends of the inclincd tubes are connected, and pass from these headers into the inclined tubes.

The headers 13 are shown as continuous from top to bottom of the series of tubes A, which. are connected thereto. The water circulates through these headers 13 just as it circulates through the superposed series of the headers B.

The headers B are of greater extent verticall y than the headers B. The headers B correspond in vertical extension with the headers 13, and are connected together and to the headers B in the same manner that the super posed headers B are connected together. he water circulates through the headers B 13 in the same manner as it circulates through superposed headers B.

The tubes A may be of any desirable kind.

The headers B are of a peculiar shape. Their shape and construction may be best understood by reference to Figs. 16, 17, and 18. It will be seen that they have horizontally-extending tops and bottoms b 6 that they have correspondingly-inclined side portions, 1) b,-' that they have vertical side portions, 12 b below the inclined side portions, b b, and that they have vertical side portions 1) b above the inclined portion b, and a vertical portion, 1),

below said inclined portion t The partition ofeach ofthese headers may havein it an opening, b", which may be best seen in Fig. 17. When the partition is so constructed, its principal purpose will be to brace and strengthen the header, and it will not obstruct the flow of water from one compartment of a headerto another.

In the back of each header are a number of holes for the reception of tubes A. Three of these tubes will be connected to each compartment, the tubes being located in the positions of apices of the triangles to which the compartment substantially conforms in contour. The tubes are expanded into place. The ex"- panding-tool employed for this purpose may be introduced into the header through either of two hand-holes, I), with which the front of each header is provided. These hand-holes are reversed triangular openings in the front of the header. By this I mean that one of the openings has one of its sides parallel with the bottom of the header and other two sides converging upwardly toward the top, while the other opening has one of its sides parallel with the top of the header and its other two sides converging downwardly toward the bottom of the header. The hand-holes have combined with them covers 1).

Each hand-hole cover is secured in place by a plurality of bolts, 71. These bolts are so lol cated as to secure the covers near their corners combined with a plate, b

and opposite the tubes A. Therefore the bolts for each hand-hole are arranged in the position of the apices of a triangle.

As shown in the principal example of my improvement, (represented by Figs. 16 and 17,) the bolts 1) for each hand-hole cover are This plate b is composed of three sections, 1, 2, and 3. They fit against the rear side of that portion of the front of a header which is adjacent to the handhole with which they are combined. In the main these sections are put together to form a plate, b corresponding in contour with the interior of a compartment of the header. The

section 1 of each plate b is provided with lugs 4, which lap over the adjacent ends of the sections 2 and 3. The section 2 has a lug, 5, which laps over the adjacent end of the section 3.

The plate has a hole extending through it cen trally. The advantage of making the plate in sections is to facilitate its being placed in the compartment where it belongs after the tubes A have been expanded into the back part of such compartment. This facility is afforded because each section may be introduced separately through the hand-hole of the compartment,and the several sectionsafter being separately introduced, may be fitted into place. The bolts may be fitted into pockets 6, (see particularly Fig. 18,) arranged rearward of slots extending inwardly from the central opening. Each bolt Z) may be slipped sidewise into place when the sections of the plates 1) are thus constructed. If preferable, the bolts may be passed through holes from the rear of the sections of the plates, and then the rear side of the sections-will be provided with recesses, which will engage the heads of the bolts, so as to prevent them from turning. The shanks of the bolts extend through the handholes, as also through the hand-hole covers. Nuts I)", applied to the ends of the bolts outside the hand hole covers and secured upon the plates, will serve to retain the hand-hole covers in place. 1

It is particularly advantageous to secure the hand-hole covers at a number of points rather than at a single central point, because the strain is then distributed not only throughout the covers, butthroughout the headers. Moreover, it is advantageous to secure the bolts to plates which are made separate from the headers themselves.

It is not necessary to make the plates b in sections. I have illustrated this in Figs. 19, 20, 21, 22. In these figures headers of somewhat different shape are shown. They are severally made of approximately triangular form, so as to be adapted to have three tubes A secured to them.

In the example of my improvement shown in Figs. 19 and 20 that portion of the front of each header which is adjacent to the handhole is provided with several inwardly-extending lugs, I). In this example of my improvement three of such lugs are shown, one on each side of the triangular hand-hole opening. The plate I), which is in this example of my improvement, as before stated, made in one integral piece, has in its front surface three cavities, with which the three lugs Z1 engage when the plate is in place. The plate may be inserted through the hand-hole by presenting it edgewise, and when it engages with the lugs b it serves to brace and stay the header around the hand-hole, so that the header will be less liable to fracture at this point. The bolts I) may be engaged with the plate I) in this example of my improvement in the same manner as in the first-deseribed example of the improvement. I have shown the bolts as passed through holes in the plates 1) and the heads of the bolts fitted into recesses in the back of the plate, whereby said bolts will be prevented the back portion of the plate adjacent to the recesses just-mentioned. These wires may be bent over the back of the bolt-heads, to prevent the bolts from slipping backward while the hand-hole cover is being secured.

In Figs. and'2l I have shown a plate, I), which engages with the header in the same manner as the plate b? illustrated in Figs. 1 9 and 20. The opening at the center of the plate b is in this example of my improvement of approximately triangular form, with slots and notches or offsets at the corner and pockets 6 arranged behind the corners. The bolts may he slipped into place sidewise, so that their heads will enter the pockets. \Vhen thus in serted, they will be held against longitudinal movement, and also prevented from turning.

The headers B, which I have particularly described in reference 'to Figs. 16 to 22, hr elusive, are superposed in horizontal rows, as may beseen by reference to Figs. 2 and 3.

These headers have 0 )enin s in their to as and l s I bottoms, excepting only the bottom row of the headers, which, like the bottom openings and the adjacent surfaces of the rows of headers, are made-to communicate by the intervention of nipples which are expanded into their openings. The removable hand-hole covers afford provision for the introduction of an expander. An inspection of these figures will show that the lower ends of the meeting lines between the headers of one row are located at one side of the meetinglincs between the headers of the next adjacent row.

It will be seen by reference to Figs. 2 and 3 that the sides of the superposed headers B are irregular, or, in other words. uneven. I there fore use either headers B, B, or B at the sides of the headers B. The headers B extend vertically throughout the several rows of headers B. The sides of these headers B, which are adj aeent to the headers B, are made to conform to said headers B; but their outermost sides are straight, and hence are adapted to fit snugly against the side walls of the steanr generator.

The headers B are like the headers B, excc pt that they do not extend across so many rows of the headers B. As shown, they ex tend across but two rows of the headers B; The headers B are like the headers Band B I except that they extend vertically only as far as the headers B extend in the same direction. I will now describe the mannerin which the front set of headers B B B B are connected with the drum 0. First I will refer to means.- employed for this purpose, which I have illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and at.

Ddesignatesacylindriehollow protuberance, made of iron, preferably of cast-iron, and provided at the upper end with a flange curved horizontally to fit the under portion of the drum 0. This hollow protuberance may be secured to the drum G by rivets passing through its flange and through the drum. The drum will have an opening correspondingto the interior of the hollow protuberance, so as into the receiver. ples may be expanded into the hollow proto be in free communication with the hollow protuberance.

E designates a receiver which extends along the upper row of the front of the headers B and across the upper ends of the headers B B. This receiver is provided, opposite the drums of the adjacent headers B and opposite the upper ends of the headers B B with openings, through which it communicates with corresponding openings in these headers. Nipples extend between the receiver and these headers, and are expanded into the openings in said headers and the corresponding openings in the bottom of the receiver. The receiver is provided opposite these openings and p in its top with hand holes and handhole covers d,which afford provision for the introduction of an expander.

The receiver E is made in the shape of a long rectangular box having arc-shaped portions extending from it on one side. The straightportion extendsovertheheaders. The arc-shaped portions extend around a portion of the hollow protuberance D. Nipples d extend radially through openings in the steameompartment and the are-shaped portions of the receiver. These nipples will preferably be expanded into the hollow protuberance and into the receiver. In order that they may be secured in this manner, I provide the front of the straight portions of the receiver with handholcs and covers (1 and the front or outer side of the arc-shaped portions of the receiver with hand-holes and. covers (1 opposite the nipples d. These hand-holes and covers afford provision for the admis ion of an expander The other ends of the niptuberance by passing an expander through the receiver and the nipples.

The covers (1 d cl" of the hand-holes in the receiver E may be secured in place by means of bolts passing centrally through said covers and engaging with plates extending across the hand-holes within the receiver, as may be easily understood by reference to Fig. 4.

I have illustrated by Fig. 5 that I may substitute for the arc-shaped portions of the re ceiver E a circular portion entirely surrounding the hollow protuberance D. Part of this circular portion I have represented in dotted lines. I have also illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 that the circular portion or any are thereof may be elevated above the straight portion of the receiver. When thus elevated above the straight portion of the receiver, the hand-holes and covers (1, which, afford provision for expanding the nipples (1 into the receiver, may be arranged upon the front or outer side of the circular or arc-shaped portion of the receiver instead of at the front of the straight portion. 1

In Fig. 7 I have shown that instead of employing a eylindric hollowprotuberance, D, I may employ an oblong hollow protuberance elongated in a direction transverse to the axis of the drum 0, and having its upper surface curved to conform to said drum and flanged, so that it may be secured to the drum by rivets. The receiver E may then be approximately straight and connected with the hollow protuberance by some nipples extending directly from it toward the steam-compartment in the direction of the length of the axis of the drum 0 and other nipples extending toward the hollow protuberance at an angle. This receiver willbe provided with hand-holes and covers for the same purposes as those of the receiver first described.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a receiver having a straight portion, which can be nippled to the headers 13 B B", as before described, which has also a central chamber, (1", (shown as of elliptical form,) which intersects the straight portion and communicates with it.

The straight portion has the hand-holes and covers d along its top opposite the nipples, which establish communication between it and the headers 13 B 13*. at the front an elliptical opening, to which is fitted a cover that may be secured by a bolt centrally arranged or by any other suitable means. Opposite the chamber (1 the receiver has connected to it a number of nipples or short pipes, d. As shown, there are four of these, two of them being considerably larger diametricallythan theothertwo. Thesenipples at the rear end are secured to the hollow protuberance D of the drum 0. Preferably these nipples will be expanded into the receiver and into the hollow protuberance. The opening of the chamber 01" and its removable cover provide for the introduction of an expander, whereby the nipples may be expanded into the receiver. The nipples may be expanded into the hollow protuberance, as before described.

I will now proceed to describe in detail the manner in which the rear set of headers B B B B are made to communicate with the drum 0. Along the top of the upper row of these rear headers B and across the upper ends of the adjacent headers B B a distributingchamber, F, extends. (See particularly Figs. 3 and 10.) This chamber F has in its bottom openings which communicate with corresponding openings in the adjacent surfaces of the headers B B B through intervening nipples, which are expanded into theheaders and into the chamber, the chamber being provided in the top with hand holes and eoversf to admit of this. The nipples might, however, be expanded into the openings by an expander introduced from below through the headers. To the under side of the drum 0, above the distributing-chamber F, is secured a hollow protuberance, G. This nozzle may be circular or of any other desirable form, and its interior will communicate with a correspondinglyshaped opening in the drum 0. This hollow protuberance is flanged at the upper end, so that it may be secured by rivets to the drum. From its lower side extend a number of pipes, H. As shown, there are four of these pipes. They maybe expanded into the hollow protu- -duced.

This chamber (1 has also berance G. They extend to a transversely-expanded central portion of the distributingchamber F, and preferably will be expanded into openings therein. To admit of this manner ofsecuringthe pipesHto thedistributing-chamher, I provide the rear surface of the central expanded portion of the distributing-chamber with a hand-hole and removable cover, in order that an expanding-tool may be intro- This cover may be secured by a bolt engaging with a plate or bar arranged inward of the hand-hole and extending across it. I have illustrated a modification of this distributing-chamber in Fig. 11. In this example of my improvement the distributing-chamber has a forwardly-expanded central porti0n,into the upper side of which the pipes H are expanded. Otherwise this distributing-chamber may be like the one first described.

In Figs. 12 and 13 I have shown still an= other means of connecting the rear headers B B B B with the adjacent end of the drum' 0. Here I employ a distributing-chamber,F, consisting of a straight portion,which may be nippled to the headers ,as before, and two nozzles,f, extending upwardly from its upper side. The hollow protuberance G which I employ in this example of my improvement has, as shown, two tubular legs corresponding to the nozzles f of the distributing-chamber; but I may use any desired number of such legs. Pipes H. extend between the tubular legs of the hollow protuberanceGand the nozzlesf of the distributing-chamber. All these parts may be of cast-iron. The tubular legs, the nozzle f, and the pipes II will preferably be'provided with flanges at their meeting ends, so that they may be united by means of bolts. In order that damage from burning these joints may be avoided, I fit around these joints casings which I have illustrated in Figs.

14 and 15. These casings are composed of two semicircular sections secured by bolts or linchpins. They are so made as to snugly surround the tubular legs, the nozzlesf, and the pipes H, as well as the flanges of these parts, and contain asbestus or other suitable packing, whereby the joints between the parts will be protected from fire. Obviously,such a protection as ,I have just described may be ap plied generally to joints between tubular parts of a steam-generator or like article.

It will-be observed that the diameters of the tubularlegs of the hollow protuberance G, the nozzles f, and the pipes H appear to be different in Figs. 12 and 13. This is owing to the fact that these parts are not circular but are oval in the cross-section.

I have shownjthe drum Gin Fig. l as suspended by girders' extending transversely across it in a well-known manner. It may, however, be supported in any other desirable manner.

I have not deemed it necessary to describe the details of the other parts of this steam-generator, because they may be of any ordinary construction.

WVhat I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. A header for a steanrgenerator,having parallel top and bottom and parallel side portions and provided with two reversed triangular hand-holes fitted with covers, substantially as specified.

2. A header for a steam-generator, having parallel top and bottom and parallel side portions, a partition dividing the header into two approximately triangular compartments, and two approximately triangular hand-holes fitted with covers, substantially as specified.

3. A header for a steam generator, having parallel top and bottom, parallel inclined side portions, and a partition extending at a reverse angle to the parallel inclined side portions and dividing the header into two approximately triangular compartments, sub

stantially as specified.

4. The combination, with a header having a hand-hole in the front and a cover fitted thereto, of a removable plate made in sections fitted together and against the inner side of the front of the header adjacent to the handhole, and bolts engaging with said plate and securing the hand-hole cover, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with a header for a steam generator, having a hand-hole in the front, of a plate, 6", composed of sections 1 2 3, provided with lugs 4 and 5, and bolts engaging with the plate and securing the hand-hole cover, substantially as specified.

6. The combination, with a header for a steam-generator, provided with a handhole, of a plate arranged inward of the hand-hole and interlocking with the edge portion of the hand-hole, so as to brace and stay the header against strain tending to expand the header, substantially as specified.

7. The combination, with aheader for a steam-generator, provided with a hand-hole, of a plate arranged inward of the hand-hole and interlocking with the edge portion of the hand-hole, so as to brace and stay the header against strain tending to expand the header, and also against strain tending to cont raet the header, substantially as specified. v

8. The combination, with a header for a steam-generator,provided with a hand-l1ole,of a plate arranged inward of the hand-hole and interlocking with the edge portion of the handhole, so as to brace and stay the header against strain tending to expand the header, and bolts engaging with the plate and securing the hand. hole cover in place, substantially as specified.

9. The combination, with a header for a steam-generator, provided with a' hand-hole and lugs inward of but adjacent to the hand hole, of a plate provided with recesses for interlocking with said lugs and arranged inside the header, substantially as specified.

10. The combination, with a header for a steam-generator,provided with a hand-hole, of a plate arranged inward of or adjacent to the hand-hole, and having a central opening and pocket adjacent to said opening, whereby it is I adapted to receive bolts for securing the cover of the hand-hole, substantially as specified.

11. In a steamgenerator, the combination, with headers having inclined side portions, of other headers having one side provided with inclined portions to conform to the inclined side portions of the headers first named and having the outermost sides straight or even, substantially as specified.

12. In a steam-generator, the combination, with headers having inclined side portions and arranged in superposed rows, of other headers extending vertically across rows of the headers first named and provided with inclined side portions corresponding with the inclined side portions of the headers first named and flat or even outer sides, substantially as specified.

18. In a steam-generator, the combination of circulating tubes, headers connected to the ends of the tubes, a receiver in direct communication with all these headers, a steam and water drum, and a steam-compartment connected to the steam and water drum and to the said receiver, substantially as specified.

14. In a steam-generator, the combination of circulating-tubes, headers connected to the circulating-tubes, a receiver in direct communication with all these headers, a steam and water drum, a hollow protuberance connected to the steam and water drum, and nipples connected to the hollow protuberance and to the receiver, substantially as specified.

15. In a steam-generator, the combination of circulatingtubes, headers connected to these tubes, a receiver in direct communication with hollow protuberance connected to the steam and water drum, and nipples expanded into the hollow protuberance and in to the receiver, the latter being provided with hand-holes and covers to admit of this, substantially as speci fied.

16. In a steam generator, the combination of inclined circulatingtubcs, a steam and wa ter drum arranged above said tubes, headers connecting the said tubes at the ends, a distributing-chamber extending across the rear set of such headers and communicating with all these headers, a hollow protuberance connected to the under side of the rear portion of the drum, and pipes extending between the said hollow protuberance and the distributing-chamber, substantially as specified.

17. In a steam-generator, the combination of inclined circulatingtubes, a steam and water drum arranged above said tubes, headers connecting the said tubes at the ends, a distributingchamber extending across the rear set of such headers and communicating with all these headers, a hollow protuberance connected to the under side of the rear of the drum, and pipes extending between the hollow protuberance and the distributing-chamber and expanded into the same, the distributing'chamber being provided with hand-holes all these headers, a steam and water drum, a

and covers to admit of this, substantially as specified.

18. In a steam-generator, the combination of circulating-tubes, headers arranged at the 5 ends of the circulating-tubes, a receiver extending across the headers which are located at the front ends of the circulating-tubes and directly communicating with all these headers, a steam and water drum, a hollow protuberance extending from the steam and water drum, nipples connecting the receiver with the adjacent headers, and other nipples connecting said receiver with said hollow protuberance, substantially as specified.

19. In a steam-generator, the combination of circulating-tubes, headers connected to the ends of the circulating-tubes, a distributingchamber extending across the headers which are located at the rear ends of the circulating- 20 tubes and communicating with all these headers, a steam and water drum, a hollow protuberance extending from the steam and'water drum nipples connecting the distributingchamber to the adjacent headers, and pipes extending between the distributing-chamber and the said steam-compartment, substantially as specified.

20. The combination, with pipes or tubes joined together, of a casing surrounding the joint and containing asbestus or like material, substantially as specified.

21. The combination, with pipes or tubes joined together, of a casing madein two semicylindric parts surrounding the joint and containing asbestus or like material, substantially 5 as specified.

WILLIAM E. KELLY.

Witnesses:

D. H. DRIsooLL, M. J. ROACI-I.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 371,766, granted October 18, 1887, upon the application of William E. Kelly, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, for an improvement in Steam-Generators, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: On page 3, lines 92-93, the words steam-compartment should read hollow protuberance,- on page 4, line 6, the Words steam-compartment should read hollow protuberance,- in line 59, same page, the Word nozzle should read hollow protuberance, and on page 5, line 91, the words steam-compartment should read and that the Letters Patent should he read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

hollow protuberance;

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 1st day of November, A. D. 1887.

D. L. HAWKINS, Acting Secretary of the Interior.

[SEAL.]

(Jouutersigned BENTON J. HALL,

Commissioner of Patents.