US3713997A - Method for the galvano technical manufacture of cylindrical thinwalled screen stencils for the rotary screen printing process - Google Patents
Method for the galvano technical manufacture of cylindrical thinwalled screen stencils for the rotary screen printing process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3713997A US3713997A US00116718A US3713997DA US3713997A US 3713997 A US3713997 A US 3713997A US 00116718 A US00116718 A US 00116718A US 3713997D A US3713997D A US 3713997DA US 3713997 A US3713997 A US 3713997A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stencil
- cylindrical
- nickel
- galvano
- printing process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000010022 rotary screen printing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000272194 Ciconiiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/10—Moulds; Masks; Masterforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/14—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing
- B41C1/142—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing using a galvanic or electroless metal deposition processing step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D1/00—Electroforming
- C25D1/02—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
Definitions
- ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for the galvano technical manufacturing of a seamless cylindrical thin-walled stencil to be used in the rotary screen printing process, said method comprising two steps viz depositing a layer of nickel prior to, or after the deposition of a layer of zinc or copper upon a cylindrical matrix, so as to obtain a two-ply stencil.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing by means of galvanotechnique cylindrical thin-walled screen stencils for the rotary screen printing process, according to which method a layer of nickel, which is under com-.
- pressive stress is deposited by a galvanic process on a cylindrical metal matrix which-at the location of the perforations in the stencil to be manufactured-is inlaid with a nonconductive material, whereupon the stencil formed is removed from the matrix.
- a galvano technical manner of manufacturing of stencils consisting entirely of nickel.
- nickel is deposited by a galvanic process on a cylindrical metal matrix containing dots of non conductive materials like synthetic resins, glass or glaze in order to form the perforations in the stencil.
- the matrix has an outer diameter, which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the screen cylinder formed. This can be achieved by admixing substances to the solution of nickel salts in the galvanic bath, which convert the tensile stress normally present in the coat of nickel into a compressive stress.
- Such a substance is e.g. saccharine, which for that purpose is used on a large scale.
- After the formation of the stencil on the matrix it is at first loosened therefrom by mechanical working e.g. with a presser roller and with a considerable pressing force on the whole until the stencil springs loose under the influence of the compressive stress. This operation is further facilitated, when the matrix has been manufactured from a metal with a coefficient of expansion greater than that of nickel.
- the matrix with the stencil formed thereon from the nickel bath with a temperature of about 60 C. into a water bath with a temperature of about 20 C., the cylinder shrinks more than the stencil formed theron, so that the latter springs loose sooner.
- a drawback of such screen stencils entirely made of nickel is in that they consist of a rather hard and brittle metal and owing thereto crease and tear easily.
- the present invention aims to provide a method by which stencils are obtained, which have not this drawback. Consequently the invention proposes that prior to or after precipitation of the Ni-coat, a layer of a soft metal like Cu or Zn is deposited by a galvanic process on the matrix or on the nickel coat, the arrangement being such that the stencil obtained consists for 25% to of its thickness of nickel.
- the invention is based on the experience that if only a percentage ranging from 75 to 25 of the thickness of the wall of the stencil formed consists of nickel, in whichpossibly due to the presence of substances like saccharinea compressive stress is present, while the rest of the thickness of the wall consists of another metal which has no or little compressive stress, the compressive stress in the nickel suffices to slide the stencil from the matrix.
- This is realized after suitable treatment of the matrix with the stencil formed thereon, e.g. by means of the aforementioned presser roller, to enable the stencil to be slid from the matrix without giving rise to injuries, which is due to the difference in diameter between the outer diameter of the matrix and the inner diameter of the stencil formed thereon.
- the invention is further based on the surprising discovery that a stencil consisting for only 25 to 75% of nickel and for the rest of a soft metal, which in itself is not suitable for the manufacture of stencils, like electrolytic copper, represents a useful product.
- a stencil has not only sufiicient strength to allow industrial application at a total wall-thickness ranging from 0.06 to 0.3 mm. for the same purposes as for which so far exclusively nickel made stencils could serve, but that in addition thereto these novel stencils present important advantages since they are not so soon damaged owing to the formation of creases and cracks.
- a -mesh plainmesh screen cylinder was manufactured in a normal way so that the screen was entirely constructed from nickel precipitated by means of a galvanic process from a so-called Watts bath to which saccharine was added in order to obtain the required compressive stress.
- the thickness amounted to 80 microns.
- a new screen cylinder was manufactured by precipitating at first a layer of nickel with a thickness of 40 microns from the aforementioned Watts bath with the same quantity of saccharine. Thereupon the matrix was transferred to an acid copper bath, exclusively containing copper sulphate and sulfuric acid, in which a layer of 40 microns of copper was precipitated on the nickel layer already formed of 40 microns.
- test strips were cut both in the longitudinal and circumferential direction each strip having a width of 15 cm.
- the test strips were thereupon bent in an Amsler bending apparatus at a bias of 6 kg. through an angle of the radius of the curvature of the clamps amounting to 1.25 mm.
- the number of bends was now established at which fracture occurred.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
Abstract
A METHOD FOR THE GALVANO TECHNICAL MANUFACTURING OF A SEAMLESS CYLINDRICAL THIN-WALLED STENCIL TO BE USED IN THE ROTARY SCREEN PRINTING PROCESS, SAID METHOD COMPRISING TWO STEPS VIZ DEPOSITING A LAYER OF NICKEL PRIOR TO, OR AFTER THE DEPOSITION OF A LAYER OF ZINC OR COPPER UPON A CYLINDRICAL MATRIX, SO AS TO OBTAIN A TWO-PLY STENCIL.
Description
" United States Patent O 3,713,997 METHOD FOR THE GALVANO TECHNICAL MANUFACTURE OF CYLINDRICAL THIN- WALLED SCREEN STENCILS FOR THE ROTARY SCREEN PRINTING PROCESS Lodewijk Anselrode, Sint Anthonis, Netherlands, assignor to Stork Amsterdam N.V., Amstelveen, Netherlands No Drawing. Filed Feb. 22, 1971, Ser. No. 116,718 Claims priority, application Netherlands, Feb. 20, 1970, 7002467 Int. Cl. C2311 7/02 US. Cl. 204-11 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for the galvano technical manufacturing of a seamless cylindrical thin-walled stencil to be used in the rotary screen printing process, said method comprising two steps viz depositing a layer of nickel prior to, or after the deposition of a layer of zinc or copper upon a cylindrical matrix, so as to obtain a two-ply stencil.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for manufacturing by means of galvanotechnique cylindrical thin-walled screen stencils for the rotary screen printing process, according to which method a layer of nickel, which is under com-.
pressive stress, is deposited by a galvanic process on a cylindrical metal matrix which-at the location of the perforations in the stencil to be manufactured-is inlaid with a nonconductive material, whereupon the stencil formed is removed from the matrix. Such a method is commonly known and related so far only to a galvano technical manner of manufacturing of stencils, consisting entirely of nickel. In this conventional method nickel is deposited by a galvanic process on a cylindrical metal matrix containing dots of non conductive materials like synthetic resins, glass or glaze in order to form the perforations in the stencil. In order to permit of the formed screen cylinders being removed in an undamaged condition after manufacture it is necessary that at that moment the matrix has an outer diameter, which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the screen cylinder formed. This can be achieved by admixing substances to the solution of nickel salts in the galvanic bath, which convert the tensile stress normally present in the coat of nickel into a compressive stress.
An example of such a substance is e.g. saccharine, which for that purpose is used on a large scale. After the formation of the stencil on the matrix it is at first loosened therefrom by mechanical working e.g. with a presser roller and with a considerable pressing force on the whole until the stencil springs loose under the influence of the compressive stress. This operation is further facilitated, when the matrix has been manufactured from a metal with a coefficient of expansion greater than that of nickel. By transferring the matrix with the stencil formed thereon from the nickel bath with a temperature of about 60 C. into a water bath with a temperature of about 20 C., the cylinder shrinks more than the stencil formed theron, so that the latter springs loose sooner.
A drawback of such screen stencils entirely made of nickel is in that they consist of a rather hard and brittle metal and owing thereto crease and tear easily.
"ice
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to provide a method by which stencils are obtained, which have not this drawback. Consequently the invention proposes that prior to or after precipitation of the Ni-coat, a layer of a soft metal like Cu or Zn is deposited by a galvanic process on the matrix or on the nickel coat, the arrangement being such that the stencil obtained consists for 25% to of its thickness of nickel. The invention is based on the experience that if only a percentage ranging from 75 to 25 of the thickness of the wall of the stencil formed consists of nickel, in whichpossibly due to the presence of substances like saccharinea compressive stress is present, while the rest of the thickness of the wall consists of another metal which has no or little compressive stress, the compressive stress in the nickel suffices to slide the stencil from the matrix. This is realized after suitable treatment of the matrix with the stencil formed thereon, e.g. by means of the aforementioned presser roller, to enable the stencil to be slid from the matrix without giving rise to injuries, which is due to the difference in diameter between the outer diameter of the matrix and the inner diameter of the stencil formed thereon.
The invention is further based on the surprising discovery that a stencil consisting for only 25 to 75% of nickel and for the rest of a soft metal, which in itself is not suitable for the manufacture of stencils, like electrolytic copper, represents a useful product. Such a stencil has not only sufiicient strength to allow industrial application at a total wall-thickness ranging from 0.06 to 0.3 mm. for the same purposes as for which so far exclusively nickel made stencils could serve, but that in addition thereto these novel stencils present important advantages since they are not so soon damaged owing to the formation of creases and cracks.
The advantages of the method for manufacturing the stencil according to the invention with respect to the conventional methods will be' clarified hereinafter.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT On a matrix a -mesh plainmesh screen cylinder was manufactured in a normal way so that the screen was entirely constructed from nickel precipitated by means of a galvanic process from a so-called Watts bath to which saccharine was added in order to obtain the required compressive stress. The thickness amounted to 80 microns. On the same matrix a new screen cylinder was manufactured by precipitating at first a layer of nickel with a thickness of 40 microns from the aforementioned Watts bath with the same quantity of saccharine. Thereupon the matrix was transferred to an acid copper bath, exclusively containing copper sulphate and sulfuric acid, in which a layer of 40 microns of copper was precipitated on the nickel layer already formed of 40 microns.
From both screen cylinders test strips were cut both in the longitudinal and circumferential direction each strip having a width of 15 cm. The test strips were thereupon bent in an Amsler bending apparatus at a bias of 6 kg. through an angle of the radius of the curvature of the clamps amounting to 1.25 mm. For the two screen cylinders the number of bends was now established at which fracture occurred.
In an apparatus for testing tensile strength strips of 15 mm.s width were thereupon drawn from the two screen cylinders and the force established at which fracture occurred.
Tensile strength in units Circum- Longth ference Normal- 8 8 Nl/Cu 7 6 It appears from these data that the material according to the invention is more resistant to damage caused by bending which in practice is of great importance, while the tensile strength is only slightly reduced.
What I claim is:
1. A method for manufacturing, by means of electro plating, a cylindrical thin-walled two-ply metal screen stencil for the rotary screen printing process, one of the metals being nickel, said method comprising the steps of (a) providing a non-deformable cylindrical metal matrix which is inlaid with a non-conductive material;
(b) depositing a first layer of one of the metals upon the non-deformable cylindrical matrix;
(c) depositing a second layer of the other material upon the first layer, the thickness ratio between the nickel layer and the other layer being between 1:3 and 3: 1;
(d) adding a substance only to the galvanic bath of the nickel precipitation so as to obtain a compression force in the nickel layer; and,
(e) mechanically working the two ply screen stencil on the non-deformable matrix, thereby causing the compressive force to spring the stencil loose.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the substance added to the galvanic bath is saccharine.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,225,734 12/1940 Beebe 204-11 3,498,891 3/1970 Futterer 204-11 2,166,366 7/1939 Norris 204-11 2,226,381 12/1940 Norris 204-11 2,226,384 12/1940 Norris 204-11 862,145 8/ 1907 Edison 204-9 3,505,177 4/ 1970 Chester et al. 204-9 FOREIGN PATENTS 847,614 9/ 1960 Great Britain 204-11 JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner T. TUFARIELLO, Assistant Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 204-9
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL707002467A NL139565B (en) | 1970-02-20 | 1970-02-20 | PROCESS FOR THE GALVANOPLASTIC MANUFACTURE OF CYLINDER-SHAPED, THIN-WALLED SCREEN TEMPLATES FOR THE ROTARY SCREEN PRINTING PROCESS AS WELL AS SCREEN TEMPLATE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3713997A true US3713997A (en) | 1973-01-30 |
Family
ID=19809390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00116718A Expired - Lifetime US3713997A (en) | 1970-02-20 | 1971-02-22 | Method for the galvano technical manufacture of cylindrical thinwalled screen stencils for the rotary screen printing process |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3713997A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH516406A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2108088C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2080669A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1288908A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL139565B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108740A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1978-08-22 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hard, heat-resistant nickel electrodeposits |
| DE3210861A1 (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-11-11 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., Tokyo | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPONENTS FOR WATCHES |
| WO1994011183A1 (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-05-26 | Ir International, Inc. | Method of making machine-engraved seamless tube |
| WO1998034556A1 (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-13 | Michelson Gary K | Skeletal plating system |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2363643A1 (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1978-03-31 | Duchenaud Alain | Electroformed thick-walled perforated sleeve - with mould release aided by inducing internal stresses |
-
1970
- 1970-02-20 NL NL707002467A patent/NL139565B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-02-18 CH CH237571A patent/CH516406A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-02-19 DE DE2108088A patent/DE2108088C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-02-19 FR FR7105779A patent/FR2080669A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1971-02-22 US US00116718A patent/US3713997A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-04-19 GB GB1288908D patent/GB1288908A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108740A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1978-08-22 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Hard, heat-resistant nickel electrodeposits |
| DE3210861A1 (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-11-11 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd., Tokyo | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPONENTS FOR WATCHES |
| US4404067A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1983-09-13 | Citizen Watch Company Limited | Method of manufacturing a timepiece component |
| US4455199A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1984-06-19 | Citizen Watch Company Limited | Method of manufacturing a timepiece component |
| WO1994011183A1 (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-05-26 | Ir International, Inc. | Method of making machine-engraved seamless tube |
| US5328587A (en) * | 1992-11-16 | 1994-07-12 | Ir International, Inc. | Method of making machine-engraved seamless tube |
| WO1998034556A1 (en) | 1997-02-11 | 1998-08-13 | Michelson Gary K | Skeletal plating system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH516406A (en) | 1971-12-15 |
| FR2080669A1 (en) | 1971-11-19 |
| DE2108088B2 (en) | 1979-07-05 |
| NL7002467A (en) | 1971-08-24 |
| GB1288908A (en) | 1972-09-13 |
| NL139565B (en) | 1973-08-15 |
| DE2108088A1 (en) | 1971-08-26 |
| DE2108088C3 (en) | 1980-03-06 |
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