US3712097A - Device for the manufacture of a branch to a straight tube - Google Patents

Device for the manufacture of a branch to a straight tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US3712097A
US3712097A US00094430A US3712097DA US3712097A US 3712097 A US3712097 A US 3712097A US 00094430 A US00094430 A US 00094430A US 3712097D A US3712097D A US 3712097DA US 3712097 A US3712097 A US 3712097A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
die
tube
branch
mandrel
tubular member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00094430A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Verkaik
C Funcke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
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Publication of US3712097A publication Critical patent/US3712097A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/294—Forming collars by compressing a fluid or a yieldable or resilient mass in the tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49428—Gas and water specific plumbing component making
    • Y10T29/49442—T-shaped fitting making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the manufacture of at least one branch to a tub comprising a splitted die provided with a channel for the tube, an external clamp for the tube at one side of the die, a cavity for the branch and an additional cavity at the other side of the die in which a movable die part is provided, and a mandrel equipped with an internal clamp for the tube on the spot of the movable die part, which mandrel together with the movable die part is movable in the direction of the external clamp in order to upset the tube between the clamps so that the material of said tube bulges in the cavity to form a branch.
  • the invention relates to a device for the manufacture of a branch to a tube and to a tube or a piece of tubing provided with one or more branches.
  • a drawback is that these branches can only be manufactured from short pieces of tubing because with long pieces of tubing the die sections or the pressure plugs, which act at the ends of the piece of tubing, become very long, like their guiding means, and in these dies the full length of the piece of tubing must be compressed in axial direction until plasticity occurs. This requires much friction of the tubing against the die walls and consequently energy, whereas only a small part of the energy is used to reshape a central part of the piece of tubing into the branch.
  • the object of the invention is a device with which in a random spot in a tube without heating a full branch is simultaneously manufactured without parts of the tube that lie outside the device being brought under stress.
  • a device for manufacturing a branch to a tube provided with a mandrel and a closed splitted die with a cavity for the branch according to the invention, is equipped with at one side of the die an external clamp for the tube and at the other side an additional cavity, in which a movable die part is provided, whereas the mandrel is equipped with an internal clamp for the tube on the spot of the movable die part together with the latter is movable in the direction of the external clamp.
  • the tube is upset by the movement, with regard to the remaining closed die sections with the external clamp, of the mandrel with the internal clamp together with the movable die part, a part of the tubing entering the cavity for the branch and completely following the towards each other in the axial direction withthe aid of shape of that cavity, because also a liquid pressure is provided in the tube that only acts on the tubing present withinthe die, because according to the invention on the mandrel beyond the internal clamp and beyond the external clamp sealings are provided between the tube wall and the mandrel.
  • the sealing beyond the external clamp may be provided in an immovable position on to the mandrel whereas the other sealing on the mandrel may be movable and attribute to clamping of the internal clamp, because it tightens against the tube wall clamping segments on a conical part of the mandrel, which are provided with teeth.
  • another pressure plug is provided movable so as to flatten the cover slab of the branch and to exert a compressing effect on the material of the branch.
  • the cavity for the branch When in the branch a connecting piece of tubing must be capable of being connected it is advisable to construct in the device the cavity for the branch in such a way that a branch with a flared part is produced.
  • an enlargement for the flared part is provided in the cavity over a bearing edge in the splitted die, while in the movable die part, whose width is equal to the nominal outside tube diameter, the sharp front edges of the enlargement for the flared part come to an end over 'a bearing edge on the spot of the edge of the enlargement in the splitted die.
  • a tool is provided for the branch with an annular cutter in an annular adjustingsleeve, the flared part of the branch bearing on the bearing-edges in the die and acting as counterpart of the cutter.
  • the invention is further elucidated below with the aid of a schematical drawing of a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lengthwise cross-section of that device close byv the mating-surface of a closed splitted die with a movable part in the initial position.
  • FIG. -2 shows an upper view of the device in the same position.
  • FIG. 3 shows a lengthwise cross-section as FIG. I but with the die parts in the final position.
  • FIG. 4 finally shows the device with an additional pressure plug provided with an annular cutter.
  • Tube 1 is placed in a splitted die and on closing the latter is held so tightly by clamping pieces 3 provided with sawteeth that on later re-shaping of the tube the clamped part remains in its place.
  • a cavity 4 is recessed in he shape of half a branch and an additional cavity 5 blends with it, with a width equal to the nominal outside diameter of the tube, in which a movable die part 6 with the other half of the shape of the branch is slidable according to the center line of tube 1.
  • a pressure plug 7 is provided, which under the influence of a pressure force 8 is movable in the direction of the center line of the branch to be shaped.
  • a mandrel 10 is slid in which a bore 11 is provided through which a liquid can be supplied under pressure to that part of the tube that has to be shaped into a branch.
  • a fixed sleeve 12 is provided for sealing the liquid against the tube wall and at the end of the mandrel another sleeve 13 is attached.
  • This latter sleeve 13 with its bearing-ring 14 is slidably connected on to mandrel 10 against the pressure of a spring 15.
  • Mandrel 10 is slide into the tube in such a way that fixed sleeve 12 comes near clamping parts 3 and sleeve 13 falls within the die with movable part 6 in the initial position.
  • Split die 2 is so long that sleeve 12 on mandrel 10, when it is in its final position, also still falls within the die.
  • Clamping segments 18 are transferred over conical parts 19 of the mandrel and pressed outwards against the action of two annular springs 20 embracing the segments.
  • the sawteeth grip with great force in the tube wall and in this spot mandrel 10 will form a unit with tube 1.
  • tube 1 between the internal clamp formed by segments 18 on mandrel l0 and the external clamp formed by clamping parts 3 can only move laterally into cavities 4 and of the die and as well by the pressure of the liquid begin to bulge, pressing itself towards cavity 4 against the die walls in the curvatures of the die parts and remaining in those places.
  • the tube gradually deforms into a complete branch in the remaining space ofcavity 4.
  • the tube part that will form the cover slab of the branch is curved convex under the influence of the liquid pressure and the material is under great tensile stresses until it contacts pressure plug 7 and begins to flatten again.
  • an additional pressure force 8 is exerted on pressure plug 7 as a result of which a complete flattening of the convex cover plane is attained.
  • the tubing material is completely pressed against the walls of the die cavities in every nook and corner and the original tensile stress in the material of the branch is converted into a compressive stress.
  • This internal compressive stress in all parts of the branch and its connection to the tube does not only give a great strength against the later liquid pressure or gaseous pressure in a duct but especially a greater resistance against stress corrosion.
  • an ordinary branch can be manufactured but in the device according to the example drafted a branch with a flared end is manufactured.
  • the outer diameter of this end is the double wall-thickness greater than the outer diameter of the tube, in order that in such a flared part a tube with the same nominal measure can be inserted and soldered, if desired.
  • edges 21 and 22 are provided over which cavity 4 has a greater diameter.
  • Movable part 6 of the die and cavity 5 have only a width that is equal to the nominal outer diameter of the tube, but cavity 4 in die 2 for the flared part is provided with an enlargement 23 over edge 21.
  • Die part 6 is also enlarged over edge 22 and consequently sharp front edges 24 of the enlargement for the flared part are no longer off the center line of the branch but lie retracted in relation to front edge 25 of the lower part of die part 6 with the nominal tube diameter.
  • FIG. 4 it is shown that in cavity 4 an annular adjusting-sleeve 30 is placed with a wall-thickness corresponding to the wall-thickness of the branch. Within this adjusting-sleeve 30 an annular cutter 31 is provided with a sharp roof-shaped cuttingedge 32 at the outer periphery. Within cutter 31 again there is a pressure plug 33. Adjusting-sleeve 30 and pressure plug 33 are interconnected by a bolt 34, which goes through slotted holes 35 of cutter 31.
  • Cutting-edge 32 cuts the cover slab of the branch exactly and presses it into the flared part, but now as a loose cover 38 such as is drawn in the right-hand side of FIGA.
  • the cover can be removed. ln many cases it is desirable, however, that the loose cover remains until mounting of a tube in the branch is going to be effected.
  • For the cover provides protection against dirt or damage of the interior of branch or tube.
  • the device according to the invention is possi' ble to provide a number of branches one after another in tube 1 by advancing along the tube in relation to the die and the mandrel and to manufacture another branch.
  • the only condition is that on moving the mandrcl with the clamped tube section for shaping a next branch the branch already formed does not abut against the device.
  • branches are providedgn a great number of tubes which then for instance are mounted in house building as ancillary ducts and laid into concrete in walls or floors, if desired.
  • the front edges of the die planes on this die part 6 must be sharp, however, so that no upsetting of seams on the branch can occur.
  • a device for the manufacture of a branch to a tube comprising in combination:
  • a split die with mating halves to receive the tube therebetween, said die having a forward section with means for externally clamping the tubular member and with a rearwardly opening cavity, said die also having a rear section in which a movable die part, with a forwardly opening cavity, is mounted for slidable movement over the tubular member toward said forward section of said die;
  • a mandrel which is received in the tubular member positioned within said die, said mandrel including a recess through which a liquid can be admitted under pressure to a central area of the mandrel within the tubular member, said area being defined at one end by agfirst sleeve which lies forward of said means for vextcrnally clamping the tubular member in said die and which is urged into sealing engagement with the tubular member by the liquid, and at the other end by a spring biased second sleeve which is disposed within said rear section of said die and which is movable by the liquid against the spring bias to a point of sealing engagement within the tubular member;
  • the tubular member is deformed outwardly into the space between said forwardly and rearwardly opening cavities.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
US00094430A 1969-12-17 1970-12-02 Device for the manufacture of a branch to a straight tube Expired - Lifetime US3712097A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6918975.A NL157225B (nl) 1969-12-17 1969-12-17 Inrichting voor het vervaardigen van ten minste een spruit aan een buis.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3712097A true US3712097A (en) 1973-01-23

Family

ID=19808657

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00094430A Expired - Lifetime US3712097A (en) 1969-12-17 1970-12-02 Device for the manufacture of a branch to a straight tube

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3712097A (de)
JP (1) JPS4929416B1 (de)
AT (1) AT307207B (de)
BE (1) BE760401A (de)
DE (1) DE2062319A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2073790A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1325377A (de)
LU (1) LU62246A1 (de)
NL (1) NL157225B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4798076A (en) * 1988-02-26 1989-01-17 Benteler Industries, Inc. Nipple forming apparatus
DE4309680A1 (de) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-29 Huber & Bauer Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen eines rohrförmigen Rohlings
DE19530055A1 (de) * 1995-08-16 1997-02-20 Schaefer Maschbau Wilhelm Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von doppelwandigen Durchbrechungen in Bauteilen nach dem Innenhochdruck-Umformverfahren
US5641176A (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-06-24 Mascotech Tubular Products, Inc. Process of hydroforming tubular suspension and frame components for vehicles
WO1999025503A1 (de) * 1997-11-14 1999-05-27 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines abzweiges an einem hohlprofil
CN100400192C (zh) * 2006-11-09 2008-07-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 一种大型斜三通的锻造方法
CN103909133A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2014-07-09 南京航空航天大学 等壁厚多通管件成形用复合冲头装置及成形方法
CN103962408A (zh) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-06 河北宏润重工股份有限公司 一种核主管道支管挤压成型模具
CN105268833A (zh) * 2015-06-19 2016-01-27 新昌县航达机械制造有限公司 三通管刚性塑性复合胀形成型装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2477918A1 (fr) * 1980-03-13 1981-09-18 Vallourec Procede perfectionne pour fabriquer des pieces par hydroflambage et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
NO156677C (no) * 1984-09-21 1987-11-04 Saga Petroleum Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av knutepunkt for fagverkkonstruksjon, saerlig plattformrigg til bruk i forbindelse med fralands boring og produksjon av petroleumsprodukter.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR723937A (fr) * 1931-10-08 1932-04-18 Aciera Soc Nouv Nouveau procédé d'emboutissage des pièces creuses
US1892712A (en) * 1930-06-20 1933-01-03 Taylor James Hall Method of and means for forming pipe t's
CA583147A (en) * 1959-09-15 B. Stanton Charles Methods and apparatus for making branched pipe fittings
CA692555A (en) * 1964-08-18 W. Yowell Joseph Apparatus and process for forming corrugations in tubing
US3172928A (en) * 1961-08-08 1965-03-09 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Method for deep forming fluorocarbon polymer sheet material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA583147A (en) * 1959-09-15 B. Stanton Charles Methods and apparatus for making branched pipe fittings
CA692555A (en) * 1964-08-18 W. Yowell Joseph Apparatus and process for forming corrugations in tubing
US1892712A (en) * 1930-06-20 1933-01-03 Taylor James Hall Method of and means for forming pipe t's
FR723937A (fr) * 1931-10-08 1932-04-18 Aciera Soc Nouv Nouveau procédé d'emboutissage des pièces creuses
US3172928A (en) * 1961-08-08 1965-03-09 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Method for deep forming fluorocarbon polymer sheet material

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4798076A (en) * 1988-02-26 1989-01-17 Benteler Industries, Inc. Nipple forming apparatus
DE4309680A1 (de) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-29 Huber & Bauer Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Innenhochdruckumformen eines rohrförmigen Rohlings
US5641176A (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-06-24 Mascotech Tubular Products, Inc. Process of hydroforming tubular suspension and frame components for vehicles
DE19530055A1 (de) * 1995-08-16 1997-02-20 Schaefer Maschbau Wilhelm Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von doppelwandigen Durchbrechungen in Bauteilen nach dem Innenhochdruck-Umformverfahren
DE19530055B4 (de) * 1995-08-16 2004-08-26 Schuler Hydroforming Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Herstellen von doppelwandigen Durchbrechungen in Bauteilen nach dem Innenhochdruck-Umformverfahren
WO1999025503A1 (de) * 1997-11-14 1999-05-27 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines abzweiges an einem hohlprofil
CN100400192C (zh) * 2006-11-09 2008-07-09 上海锅炉厂有限公司 一种大型斜三通的锻造方法
CN103909133A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2014-07-09 南京航空航天大学 等壁厚多通管件成形用复合冲头装置及成形方法
CN103909133B (zh) * 2014-04-03 2016-03-02 南京航空航天大学 等壁厚多通管件成形用复合冲头装置及成形方法
CN103962408A (zh) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-06 河北宏润重工股份有限公司 一种核主管道支管挤压成型模具
CN105268833A (zh) * 2015-06-19 2016-01-27 新昌县航达机械制造有限公司 三通管刚性塑性复合胀形成型装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2073790A5 (de) 1971-10-01
GB1325377A (en) 1973-08-01
NL6918975A (de) 1971-06-21
LU62246A1 (de) 1971-05-14
NL157225B (nl) 1978-07-17
DE2062319A1 (de) 1971-06-24
BE760401A (nl) 1971-06-16
JPS4929416B1 (de) 1974-08-03
AT307207B (de) 1973-05-10

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