US3711414A - High foaming antistatic detergent composition - Google Patents

High foaming antistatic detergent composition Download PDF

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US3711414A
US3711414A US00882396A US3711414DA US3711414A US 3711414 A US3711414 A US 3711414A US 00882396 A US00882396 A US 00882396A US 3711414D A US3711414D A US 3711414DA US 3711414 A US3711414 A US 3711414A
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water
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surface active
amine oxide
detergent composition
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G Hewitt
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Colgate Palmolive Co
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/41—Amines
    • A61K8/416—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
    • A61K8/463—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfuric acid derivatives, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
    • A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4926—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having six membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/75—Amino oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/047—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on cationic surface-active compounds and soap
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
    • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group

Definitions

  • This invention relates to detergent compositions containing quaternary ammonium salts.
  • Cationic surface active agents have been employed as constituents of hair-conditioning and fabric treating compositions. When these agents are combined with anionic surface active agents in proportions to give homogeneous solutions, the cationic agents generally do not become adsorbed on the hair or fabric to an appreciable extent and the compositions do not foam well, particularly in hard water.
  • the cationic agents By combining the cationic agents with selected amphoteric or non-ionic surface active agents, compositions which impart anti-static properties to hair can be produced, but such compositions have relatively poor foaming properties or have a noncosmetic feel during shampooing.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of a foaming detergent composition which is unaffected by hard water.
  • Still another object of this invention is the provision of a detergent containing soap and a cationic surface active agent which will foam in hard and soft water.
  • a detergent composition particularly suitable for use as a hair-conditioning shampoo, containing a cationic surface active agent, an anionic surface active agent and a surface active amine oxide.
  • the cationic surface active agents employed in this invention are quaternary ammonium salts having a long chain hydrophobic radical. Especially effective are such compounds as oleyl or stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salts.
  • the oleyl or stearyl radicals may be replaced by other long chain alkyl radicals such as undecylenyl, lauryl, myristyl or cetyl, or by long chain radicals having other groups (e.g. aryloxyethyl groups as in diisobutyl phenoxyethoxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride); the
  • benzyl radical may be replaced by a substituted benzyl radical such as 3,4-dichlorobenzyl, 3,4-dimethylbenzyl, ethylbenzyl, etc., or by an alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, lauryl or stearyl (e.g. in di-long chain alkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, oleyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide, myristyl dimethyl 3,4-dichlorobenzyl ammonium chloride).
  • the quaternary ammonium salt may have the nitrogen in a ring, e.g.
  • an alkyl isoquinolinium salt e.g. lauryl isoquinolinium bromide
  • an imidazolinium compound such as a l-methyl-l-alkylamidoethyl-Z alkylimidazolinium salt in which the alkyl groups have an average chain length of 17 carbon atoms.
  • a quaternary nitrogen atom directly linked to a carbon atom of a hydrophobic radical of at least ten carbon atoms (such as a long chain alkyl radical or an alkylaryl radical, in which there are 10-20 carbon atoms, for example), three valences of the nitrogen atom being also directly linked to other carbon atoms which may be in separate radicals (such as alkyl, particularly lower alkyl, or aralkyl radicals) or in a cyclic structure including the quaternary nitrogen atom (as in a morpholine, pyridine, quinoline or imidazoline ring).
  • a hydrophobic radical of at least ten carbon atoms such as a long chain alkyl radical or an alkylaryl radical, in which there are 10-20 carbon atoms, for example
  • three valences of the nitrogen atom being also directly linked to other carbon atoms which may be in separate radicals (such as alkyl, particularly lower alkyl, or aralkyl
  • hydrophobic radical may be a simple hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon ether radical, it may also contain substituents such as halogen, and may even contain intermediate linkages, such as the amide and ester linkages of the higher alkanoyl colamino formylmethyl radical .RCOOCH CH NHCOCH although, as will be seen from the following examples, the presence of such amide or ester linkages is not at all essential in the practice of this invention.
  • the anion of the quaternary ammonium salt is most usually a chloride or methosulfate (OSO- OCH ion, but other ions may be used as is Well known in the art, e.g. bromide, phosphate, dialkyl phosphate, or acetate lOIlS.
  • the anionic surface active agent used is preferably a soap.
  • the after-effects of any traces of material left on the hair are generally better, in soft water, when soaps are used than when other anionic surface active agents, containing sulfate or sulfonate groups, are employed in place of the soap.
  • the use of hard water usually changes this, causing the deposition of a dull soap film; however, unlike the usual soap-containing compositions the preferred compositions of this invention foam well in hard water, as will be seen from the examples given below, even when the free fatty acid of the soap is present
  • Preferred soaps are those of triethanolarnine, potassium, sodium, diethanolamine, morpholine and diglycolamine.
  • the acid portion of the soap is advantageously that of a fatty acid such as lauric, myristic, stearic, oleic, elaidic, isostearic, palmitic, undecylenic, tridecylenic, pentadecylenic or other saturated or unsaturated fatty acid of 11 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Soaps of dicarboxylic acids may also be used such as the soaps of dimerized linoleic acid. Soaps of such other higher molecular weight acids such as rosin or tall oil acids, e.g. abietic acid, may also be employed.
  • Other suitable anionic surface active agents are the carboxyl-containing amides of fatty acids with amino acids (e.g.
  • lauric acid amide of such amino acids as sarcosine, beta amino propionic acid, polypeptides from hydrolysis of proteins, isethionic acid or N- methyl tauric acid) and soluble salts of such carboxylcontaining amides.
  • anionic surface active agents which may be used are sulfates of fatty alcohols such as sodium lauryl sulfate, Turkey Red Oil or other sulfated oils, or sulfates of monoor di-glycerides of fatty acids (e.g. stearic monoglyceride monosulfate), alkyl poly(ethenoxy)ether sulfates such as the sulfates of the condensation products of ethylene oxide and lauryl alcohol (usually having 1 to 6 ethenoxy groups per molecule); aliphatic sulfonates such as alkane sulfonates (e.g.
  • the anionic surface active agent may be an alkyl benzene sulfonate such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
  • the anionic surface active agents have hydrocarbon radicals of at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably long chain hydrophobic aliphatic radicals of about 11 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the cations of these surface active agents are advantageously such as to impart watersolubility to the acidic portion of the molecule or to maintainits water-solubility, e.g.'triethanolammonium or other alkanolamrnonium, potassium, sodium, magnesium (when the surface active agent forms a water-soluble magnesium salt), diethanolammonium, or (particularly when the blend is not acidic) ammonium.
  • a preferred amine oxide is lauryl dimethyl amine oxide.
  • lauryl radical other long chain alkyl radicals, advantageously of about 10 to 18 carbon atoms, such as decyl, tetradecyl, cetyl, oleyl, hexadecyl or stearyl, may be employed.
  • methyl radicals there may be used an ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxyethoxyethyl or hydroxy polyethoxyethyl radical.
  • the long chain hydrophobic radical attached to the nitrogen of the amine oxide need not be only a hydrocarbon radical, It may, for example, contain other groups, such as carbonamide groups, such as in amine oxides of the formula in which RC is a long chain alkanoyl radical, n is a small whole number, and R and R are lower aliphatic groups; a specific example being the compound in which RC0 is the acyl radical of coco fatty acids, n is 2 and R and R are methyl.
  • the proportions of amine oxide and anionic detergent are advantageously each in the range of about -25% of the total aqueous detergent composition, and the weight ratio of these two components is advantageously in the range of about 1:4 to 4: 1.
  • the proportions of the cationic agent are advantageously less than desirably in the range of about %.-5%' of the total aqueous detergent composition, preferably about 1 to 2%; the ratio of quaternary ammonium compound to anionic detergent may be, for example, in the range of about 2:3 to 1:10; for hair shampoos this ratio, for best results, is in the range of about 1: 4 to -1 10.
  • Best results in terms of antistatic effects on the hair are attained when the pH of the composition is below about 8 /2, preferably below about 8, eg in the range of about 5 to 7 /2.
  • Homogeneity of the composition at such lower pHs is promoted by the use of relatively large amounts of the amine oxide and/ or cationic agent. Homogeneity is also promoted by the incorporation of water-soluble alcohols such as ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, hexylene-glycol, polyglycerol, dipropylene glycol or other polyols; these inert solvents are advantageously employed in concentrations up to 10%, e.g. in the range of about 3 to 10%.
  • anionic-cationic-amine oxide compositions of this invention may be employed as shampoos, or as detergents for other fibrous material, particularly for fabrics of wool, silk or other protein fibers.
  • Compositions of these components may also be used as foaming after-rinses, or conditioners for hair or fabrics. They may be used as anti-dandruff rinses or scrub soaps.
  • the homogeneous compositions On dilution with water the homogeneous compositions become cloudy. It is believed that this may be due to the fact that there is present in the compositions a complex of the amine oxide and quaternary ammonium salt, with or without the anionic surface active agent, which complex is soluble above its critical micelle concentration but insoluble in dilute solution.
  • the proportions of water and inert solvent in the homogeneous compositions are advantageously well within the range of 50- preferably about 60-80%.
  • EXAMPLE 1 6% of triethanolamine oleate soap, 10% of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide and 2% of a cationic dispersing agent, consisting of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, were dispersed in water. The mixture, which had a pH of 8.0, was clear. The pH was then reduced to 6.9 by the addition of a 50% aqueous solution of citric acid; the composition remained clear. Dispersions of the resulting composition in either hard or soft water gave large volumes of foam.
  • a cationic dispersing agent consisting of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride
  • composition When the composition was used for shampooing hair, it was found that a considerable proportion of the cationic dispersing agent was absorbed by the hair and that after shampooing and drying the hair was soft and smooth and had little or no tendency to acquire a static electrical charge and to fly apart.
  • EXAMPLE 2 10% of a soap, consisting of the triethanolamine salt of oleic acid, 9% of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide, and 1.6% of a cationic dispersing agent, consisting of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, were dispersed in water. The resulting mixture, which had a pH of 8.2, was clear. The composition foamed well when it was dispersed in either hard or soft water; in contrast, when the amine oxide was omitted from the composition, the foam volume in soft water was much lower than when it was present, and the foam volume in hard water was considerably lower than that in soft water. When the composition was used for shampooing hair, it was found that, after shampooing and drying, the hair was soft and smooth and had little or no tendency to acquire a static electrical charge and to fly apart.
  • a soap consisting of the triethanolamine salt of oleic acid, 9% of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide, and 1.6% of a cationic dispersing agent, consisting of
  • composition of this Example 2 had an extremely low cloud point, i.e., 20 F. cloud/32 F. clear.
  • EXAMPLE 3 5 parts of myristic acid, 9 parts of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide, 2 parts of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 22 parts of water and 5 parts of ethanol (Specially Denatured, standard formula 40, containing t-butanol) were mixed to form a clear liquid of low viscosity which foamed well in water, despite the fact that the fatty acid was present as such and not as its soap. On dilution with 43 parts of water and addition of sufficient triethanolamine to raise the pH of the mixture to 7.4 (thus forming the triethanolamine soap of the myristic acid) there was produced a clear, homogeneous product with good shampooing properties.
  • EXAMPLE 7 5 parts of triethanolamine myristate, 5 parts of lauryl poly(ethenoxy) ether sulfate having 3-4 ethenoxy groups per lauryl group, 9 parts of lauryl'dimethyl amine oxide and 1.5 parts of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride were mixed with 78 parts of water. The resulting clear mixture had a pH of 7.7.
  • EXAMPLE 8 10 parts of triethanolamine dodecyl benzene sulfonic and 10 parts of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide were mixed with 67 parts of water, 3 parts of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, and 10 parts of-ethanol (Specially Denatured, standard formula 40). The resulting mixture was opaque; on addition of 3 additional parts of oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride the mixture cleared.
  • EXAMPLE 9 (a) 10 parts of triethanolamine oleate, 9 parts of lauryldimethyl amine oxide and 1.5 parts of di-isobutylphenoxy-ethoxy-ethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride were mixed with 79 parts of water. The resulting solution, having a pH of 8.4, was clear.
  • the simple fatty acids and their soaps may be replaced with more complex carboxylic acids or their corresponding soaps, particularly with the acids or soaps of the amides of amino acids (e.g. amides of fatty acids such as sarcosine, beta-aminopropionic acid or polypeptides obtained by hydrolysis of proteins, such as Maypons made with peptides from hydrolysis of collagen, the degree of polymeriaztion of the peptide being, for example, about 2-5).
  • Example 10 illustrates one such formulation.
  • EXAMPLE 10 An effective hair shampoo was produced by mixing in water 10% of N-lauroyl sarcosine (free acid form), 6% of lauryl dimethyl amine oxide, 2% oleyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and sutficient triethanolamine to bring the pH to 7.0.
  • perfumes and coloring agents may be added as desired. Generally only very small proportions of these will be examples, e.g. 0.3% perfume.
  • the foaming abilities of the compositions of this invention may be measured by standard foam volume tests, on 1% solutions of the compositions.
  • the preferred compositions of this invention show foam volumes of over 175 ml. in deionized, zero-hardness water and over 150 ml. in water of hardness of 300 p.p.m.
  • the foam volume test on the 8.2 pH composition of Example 2 gives a foam volume of 205 ml. with zero hardness water and a foam volume of 202.5 ml. with water of 300 p.p.m. hardness.
  • the foam volume test referred to herein is a more accurate version of the well known Burrell Shaker Test.
  • 5 grams of the composition to be tested are diluted with water to 500 cc. cc. of the solution is delivered, with precautions in handling to prevent foaming, to a straight-sided cylinder having a shallow rounded bottom and having a diameter of 54 mm. and a height of 260 mm., which cylinder is previously heated to a temperatuer of F. and maintained (with its contents) at that temperature throughout the test.
  • the agitation of the solution in the cylinder is effected by means of a round disk of rigid plastic (Micarta) 3.95 mm. in diameter and 0.52 mm.
  • the disk is mounted horizontally, for up and down movement within, and concentric with, the cylinder, being fixed at the bottom of a vertically reciprocable A" stainless steel plunger rod and travelling a vertical distance of 171 mm., the lowest point of travel of the disk being at about the level, just above the bottom, where the crosssection of the cylinder becomes uniform.
  • the plunger and disk are then reciprocated, at a rate of 50 cycles per minute, for 3 minutes and the height of the top of the foam surface is measured at once, again with the plunger rod at its lowest position.
  • the difference between the two measured heights is then converted to volumetric difference, and the result is termed the foam volume.
  • the water of 300 p.p.m. hardness is made by mixing 4.433 grams of CaCl .H O and 4.060 grams of MgCl .6H O
  • a foaming detergent composition particularly suitable for use as a shampoo having an antistatic conditioning effect upon hair, wool, and other fibers which consists essentially of by weight:
  • a water-soluble, anionic, surface active agent selected from the group consisting of salts of higher fatty acids of 11 to 18 carbon atoms and salts of organic sulfate and sulfonate compounds selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, and alkyl alkanoate ester.
  • sulfonates containing 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, said salt being selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, ammonium, diethanolammonium, and triethanolammonium salts, the weight ratio of said anionic detergent to said amine oxide detergent being in the range of about 1:4 to 4: 1;
  • quaternary ammonium salt selected from the group consisting of alkyl or alkenyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salts, dialkyl or dialkenyl dimethyl ammonium salts, N-alkyl pyridinium salts, N-alkyl morpholinium salts, said alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and 1- methyl-1-alky1amidoethyl-2-alkyl-imidazolinium salts containing an average of 17 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the weight ratio of quaternary ammonium salt to anionic detergent being in the range of 1:4 to 1:10;
  • inert solvent 50 to 90% of inert solvent and water, said inert solvent being present in an amount of 0 to 10% and being a water-soluble alcohol selected from the group consisting essentially of ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, hexylene glycol, polyglycerol, and dipropylene glycol;
  • composition being in the form of a clear, homogeneous liquid having a pH of from about 5.0 to 7.5.

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US00882396A 1965-05-07 1969-12-16 High foaming antistatic detergent composition Expired - Lifetime US3711414A (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910848A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-10-07 Du Pont Liquid cleaning composition
US3928249A (en) * 1972-02-07 1975-12-23 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent composition
US3943234A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-03-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Acidic emollient liquid detergent composition
US3959157A (en) * 1973-06-04 1976-05-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Non-phosphate detergent-softening compositions
US4085245A (en) * 1976-04-15 1978-04-18 Xerox Corporation Transparencies for color xerographic copies
US4132678A (en) * 1975-09-16 1979-01-02 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Transparent liquid shampoo
US4303543A (en) * 1979-02-27 1981-12-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for cleansing and conditioning the skin
US4367151A (en) * 1981-02-06 1983-01-04 Emery Industries, Inc. Method of treating textiles with amidoamine oxides of polymeric fatty acids
US4452732A (en) * 1981-06-15 1984-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Shampoo compositions
US4486328A (en) * 1983-05-03 1984-12-04 Colgate-Palmolive Company Betaine-soap shampoo composition
US4671884A (en) * 1982-09-09 1987-06-09 Wool Research Organisation Antistatic composition
EP0363855A1 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Konzentrierte und flüssige wasserhaltige Tensidzusammensetzung und deren Verwendung
US4919839A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-04-24 Colgate Palmolive Co. Light duty microemulsion liquid detergent composition containing an aniocic/cationic complex
US5888950A (en) * 1993-03-18 1999-03-30 Wilmington Partners Lp Alcohol-containing abrasive composition for cleaning contact lenses
FR3040295A1 (fr) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-03 Oreal Composition comprenant au moins un tensioactif anionique, au moins un tensioactif non ionique, au moins un tensioactif amphotere et au moins un tensioactif cationique
EP2219591B1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2022-02-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Shampoo containing a gel network

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3928249A (en) * 1972-02-07 1975-12-23 Procter & Gamble Liquid detergent composition
US3959157A (en) * 1973-06-04 1976-05-25 Colgate-Palmolive Company Non-phosphate detergent-softening compositions
US3943234A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-03-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Acidic emollient liquid detergent composition
US3910848A (en) * 1974-03-18 1975-10-07 Du Pont Liquid cleaning composition
US4132678A (en) * 1975-09-16 1979-01-02 Kao Soap Co., Ltd. Transparent liquid shampoo
US4085245A (en) * 1976-04-15 1978-04-18 Xerox Corporation Transparencies for color xerographic copies
US4303543A (en) * 1979-02-27 1981-12-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for cleansing and conditioning the skin
US4367151A (en) * 1981-02-06 1983-01-04 Emery Industries, Inc. Method of treating textiles with amidoamine oxides of polymeric fatty acids
US4452732A (en) * 1981-06-15 1984-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Shampoo compositions
US4671884A (en) * 1982-09-09 1987-06-09 Wool Research Organisation Antistatic composition
US4486328A (en) * 1983-05-03 1984-12-04 Colgate-Palmolive Company Betaine-soap shampoo composition
EP0363855A1 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Konzentrierte und flüssige wasserhaltige Tensidzusammensetzung und deren Verwendung
US4919839A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-04-24 Colgate Palmolive Co. Light duty microemulsion liquid detergent composition containing an aniocic/cationic complex
US5888950A (en) * 1993-03-18 1999-03-30 Wilmington Partners Lp Alcohol-containing abrasive composition for cleaning contact lenses
EP2219591B1 (en) * 2007-12-07 2022-02-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Shampoo containing a gel network
FR3040295A1 (fr) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-03 Oreal Composition comprenant au moins un tensioactif anionique, au moins un tensioactif non ionique, au moins un tensioactif amphotere et au moins un tensioactif cationique

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