US3709791A - Method and apparatus for lymphocyte separation from blood - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for lymphocyte separation from blood Download PDF

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Publication number
US3709791A
US3709791A US00133524A US3709791DA US3709791A US 3709791 A US3709791 A US 3709791A US 00133524 A US00133524 A US 00133524A US 3709791D A US3709791D A US 3709791DA US 3709791 A US3709791 A US 3709791A
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Prior art keywords
syringe
blood sample
lymphocytes
magnetic separator
tube
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US00133524A
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English (en)
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B Lichtenstein
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Bayer Corp
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Technicon Instruments Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/49—Blood
    • G01N33/491—Blood by separating the blood components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/0098—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor involving analyte bound to insoluble magnetic carrier, e.g. using magnetic separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
    • Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]
    • Y10T436/255—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.] including use of a solid sorbent, semipermeable membrane, or liquid extraction

Definitions

  • New and improved method and apparatus for the separation of lymphocytes from whole blood samples under sterile conditions comprise sterile, disposable syringe means in which are mixed and incubated a blood sample and a separating agent.
  • the latter includes sensitized magnetic particles which are effective to tag the blood sample leukocytes to the substantial exclusion of the lymphocytes, and an erythrocyte sedimenting agent which is effective to promote the settling of the blood sample erythroytes.
  • sample transfer and magnetic separator means which include a sterile, disposable sample transfer tube and an operatively associated magnetic separator.
  • the mixture is pumped at substantially constant flow rate from said syringe, by automatic actuation of the syringe plunger, for flow through said operatively associated transfer tube and magnetic separator with resultant substantial retention of the tagged leukocytes therein and continued flow of the lymphocytes in the plasma through the remainder of the transfer tube to lymphocyte collection means.
  • This invention relates to new and improved, semi-automated method and apparatus for the separation of lymphocytes from whole blood samples under absolutely sterile conditions and with 'very high combined degrees of purity yield and viability.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of apparatus as above which are of extremely simple and reliable construction to thus provide for a very low initial cost thereof and insure long periods of satisfactory, substantially maintenance-free operation.
  • a further object of this invention is the provision of method and apparatus as above which provide for lymphocyte separation with very high combined degrees of purity, viability and yield.
  • the method and apparatus of the in ention comprise the use of sterile, disposable syringe means to collect and mix measured amounts of a blood sample and a separating agent from respective containers thereof.
  • Said separating agent comprises sensitized magnetic particles which, upon blood sample-separating agent mixture incubation effect the tagging of the blood sample leukocytes to the substantial exclusion of the blood sample lymphocytes, and a sedimenting agent to promote sedimentation of the blood sample erythrocytes.
  • sample transfer and magnetic separator means which include a sterile, disposable sample transfer tube sealed adjacent its respective extremities, magnetic separator means defining a generally circular path through which extends a high density, non-uniform magnetic field and through which said tube is passed, and a receptor tube assembly, respectively.
  • the syringe and receptor tube assembly are connected to opposite extremities of the transfer tube by hypodermic needle puncture of the latter, and the incubated blood sample separating agent mixture pumped by drive of the syringe plunger into and through the transfer tube and magnetic separator means with resultant retention of the tagged leukocytes in the latter and continued iiow of the lymphocytes in suspension in the blood plasma through said transfer tube into the receptor tube assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a disposable syringe utilized in the practice of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a separating agent container utilized in the practice of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a blood sample container utilized in the practice of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view with parts in cross section of rotary mixer and incubator means constructed and operative in accordance with the teachings of the invention
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational view of sedimentation rack means utilized in the practice of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevational view with parts in cross section of magnetic separator and sample transfer apparatus constructed and operative in accordance with the teachings of the invention
  • FIG. 7 is a rear elevational view of the magnetic separator portion of the apparatus of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a top plan view of the magnetic separator of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is an elevational view of the sample transfer tube.
  • Whole human blood comprises a mixture of red blood cells or erythrocytes, white blood cells or leukocytes, platelets, and the blood plasma or serum, respectively.
  • the said white blood cells in turn comprise a cellular mixture of, for example, approximately 63% to 72% of neutrophils, approximately 2% to of eosinophils, approximately 0% to 1% of basophils, approximately 4% to 8% of monocytes, and approximately 20% to 30% of lymphocytes, it being understood that these figures are generally applicable to the majority of healthy adults.
  • Purity may be understood to be equal to the number of lymphocytes present in the process output as divided by the total number of white blood cells or leukocytes present therein; while yield may be understood to be equal to the number of lymphocytes per cubic millimeter of output as divided by the number of lymphocytes per cubic millimeter of the original whole blood sample.
  • Viability may be understood to be equal to the number of living lymphocytes in the output as divided by the total number of lymphocytes in said output.
  • the lymphocyte separation is effected for each whole blood sample by the tagging of the phagocytic leukocytes, or neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils, respectively, of a whole blood sample with sensitized mag netic particles to the substantial exclusion of the lymphocytes, the settling and removal of the major portion of the erythrocytes, and the magnetic separation of the thusly tagged phagocytic leukocytes, along with the majority of the platelets which will cling thereto, from the whole blood sample leaving substantially all of the lymphocytes with the residual erythrocytes and blood plasma for subsequent lymphocyte extraction therefrom by simple hemolysis and washing or the like.
  • the whole blood sample is taken from the patient by the direct hypodermic needle withdrawal thereof into a Vacutainer tube, as manufactured and marketed by Becton, Dickinson & Company of Rutherford, N.J., in which is present a predetermined measured quantity of a suitable physiological stabilizer and anti-coagulant in the nature of the disodium or tripotassium salts Off the chelating agent EDTA, to result in the substantially immediate formation of what maybe termed EDTA blood to physiologically stabilize the white blood cells or leukocytes of the whole blood sample and prevent clotting of the red blood cells or erythrocytes to very significant advantage.
  • a suitable physiological stabilizer and anti-coagulant in the nature of the disodium or tripotassium salts
  • the leukoadhesive, phagocytic and clumping functions of the phagocytic leukocytes which provide for the tagging thereof by the sensitized magnetic particles, require the presence of free positive ions in the nature of calcium and magnesium ions for the occurrence thereof.
  • the immediate formation as described of the EDTA blood results in the binding of these free positive ions by the EDTA with the result that said ions are no longer available in free form to thus substantially inhibit said leukoadhesive, phagocytic and clumping functions at this point in time.
  • said physiological stabilizer and anti-coagulant may, [for example, take the form of the sodium salts of CHEL DPTA and CHEL DM acid.
  • Magnetic particles such as carbonyl ion particles, ferrite particles or magnetite particles in the size range of one to four microns which function, following the sensitizing thereof as described in detail hereinbelow, to effect the tagging of the phagocytic leukocytes and enable the subsequent magnetic sweeping thereof from the erythrocytes, blood plasma and lymphocytes with minimum entrapment of the latter.
  • a sensitizing agent comprising positively charged molecules of, for example, a basic poly amino acid or polypeptide in the nature of poly L lysine, polybrene, poly D lysine, poly DL lysine, or polyarginine or the like to enhance leukoadhesion and phagocytosis by sensitizing or increasing the positive surface charge on said magnetic particles through adsorption thereto.
  • a red cell sedimenting agent comprising a high molecular weight settling agent in the nature, for example, of Dextran, Ficoll, PHA or the like in combination with, for example, a small amount of the monosodium or disodium salts of EDTA to promote erythrocyte sedimentation by causing the same to aggregate and thus fall more readily to the bottom of the mixture stream.
  • the separation of the lymphocytes from the whole blood sample in accordance with the teachings of this invention is then effected by the incubation of the resultant whole blood sample-separating agent mixture to promote phagocytic leukocyte tagging by the sensitized magnetic particles, to the substantial exclusion of the lymphocytes, through leukoadhesion, phagocytosis and clumping, respectively, the aggregation, settling and re moval of the major portion of the erythrocytes, and the subsequent magnetic sweeping of the thusly tagged phagocytic leukocytes, and the majority of the platelets from the whole blood sample.
  • a sterile, disposable syringe is indicated at 10 and comprises a calibrated, transparent body part 12, a plunger 14 and a Luer-Lok tip 16.
  • the syringe '10 preferably takes the form of the Plastipak as manufactured and marketed by Becton, Dickinson and Company of Rutherford, N].
  • a separating agent container is indicated at 18 in FIG. 2 and comprises a readily puncturable top 20.
  • a supply of the separating agent discussed hereinabove is contained in container 18 as indicated at 22.
  • a Vacutainer tube is indicated at 24 in FIG. 3 and a Whole human blood sample which has been fixed as described hereinabove is contained therein as indicated at 26, it being understood that said blood sample was withdrawn directly from the donor into said Vacutainer in conventional manner.
  • the Vacutainer tube 24 is sealed by a readily puncturable top 27.
  • the Luer-Lok tip cap is removed from syringe and a sterile hypodermic needle attached to the latter in conventional manner.
  • This needle is then forced through the puncturable top of the separating agent container 18 into the separating agent 22 whereupon a measured amount of the latter is withdrawn into said syringe 10 by manipulation of the plunger 14 in conventional manner.
  • the syringe needle is inserted into the fixed whole blood sample 26 in the Vacutainer 24 and substantially all of the former is then drawn into the syringe 10 to mix therein with the separating agent.
  • a measured quantity of ambient air is then drawn into the syringe 10 to insure proper blood sample-separating agent mixture.
  • the syringe needle is preferably re-capped to prevent leakage and insure continued sterility.
  • the new loaded syringe is operatively positioned in incubatorrotary mixer means as indicated generally at 28 in FIG. 4 and which comprise a support frame 30 from which is supported a driven shaft 32.
  • the shaft 32 is drivingly rotated in the clockwise direction as indicated by any convenient source of power in the nature of non-illustrated electric motor means which are also supported from the support frame 30.
  • a generally triangular shaped support arm 34 is fixedly secured to shaft 32 so as to be rotatable therewith.
  • the support arm 34 comprises syringe mounting means which may take the form of a conventional clamp as indicated at 36 and which are operable to secure the syringe 10 thereto as shown to thus operatively position the latter in the incubator-rotary mixer means 28.
  • the support arm 34 is preferably designed so that the same will stop on the position depicted in FIG. 4 with the syringe 10 substantially vertical when driven rotation of shaft 32 is terminated.
  • a housing 38 surrounds support frame 30, and ambient air heating and supply means are schematically indicated at 48 and operatively connected as shown with said housing to provide a supply of air at substantially 37 C. thereto for blood sample separating agent mixture incubation within said housing.
  • the incubator means may be constructed separately and the rotary mixer simply placed therein in conventional manner.
  • the syringe 10 is preferably removed from the incubator-rotary mixer means 28 and placed as shown in the sedimentation rack 42 of FIG. 5 and allowed to stand for, for example, approximately 30 minutes to provide for erythrocyte sedimentation to the lower or plunger end of the syringe 10.
  • the syringe 10 may, of course, simply be left in situ in the incubator rotary mixer means 28 for erythrocyte sedimentation. Incubation is, in any event, continued during sedimentation which, for use of the rack 42, would involve the place ment thereof in suitable, non-illustrated incubator means.
  • the syringe 10 is operatively positioned in magnetic separator and mixture transfer means as indicated generally at 44 in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8.
  • Said magnetic separator and mixture transfer means com-prise a support frame 46 having clamping means 48'and guides 50 for operative positioning of the syringe 10 thereon as shown.
  • a syringe plunger drive shaft is indicated at 52 and extends outwardly as shown from an elongated slot 54 which is formed in the support frame 46.
  • the drive shaft 52 abuts the bottom of the syringe plunger 14 and is drivable to reciprocate as indicated in the slot 54 under the control of non-illustrated electric drive motor means.
  • Magnetic separator means are indicated generally at 56 in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 and comprise a generally U shaped, high field density magnet 58 which may, for example, take the form of an Alnico magnet, and which is supported as shown from the rear side of the support frame 46 by non-magnetic supports 60 and 62.
  • Soft steel pole pieces are indicated at 64 and 66 and are secured as shown by any suitable manner to the respective extremities of the magnet 58.
  • a soft steel core piece is indicated at 68 and is supported as shown (FIG. 7) from the respective pole pieces 64 and 66 by a support assembly 70 of any suitably non-magnetic material.
  • An aluminum guide piece is indicated at 72 and is affixed as shown in any convenient manner to the core piece 68.
  • the respective inner edges of the pole pieces 64 and 66 are cut-out in generally arcuate manner as best seen in FIG. 8 to remain substantially equally spaced from the periphery of the generally circular core piece 68.
  • the respective upper edges of said pole and core pieces, and the lower edge of the generally circular guide piece 72 are cut back in generally arcuate manner as best seen in FIG. 7 to provide a generally circular mounting groove which extends substantially around said guide and core pieces.
  • a blood sample-separating agent mixture transfer tube is indicated at 74 in FIG. 9 and is preferably constituted by an appropriate length of sterile PVC tubing which is sealed as shown at 76 and 78 adjacent its respective extremities to provide a sterile, enclosed transfer volume 80.
  • the transfer tube 74 is operatively positioned in the magnetic separator and mixture transfer means by placing the sealed tube extremity 78 in the notch provided therefor by tube support fixture 82 (FIG. 6), passing the tube through tube guide notch 84 in support frame 46, to the rear of the latter, passing the tube in under-over manner around the core piece 68 in the groove provided therefor as described by said core piece, the pole pieces 64 and 66 and the guide piece 72 as best seen in FIG.
  • a receptor tube assembly is indicated generally at in FIG. 6 and comprises a receptor tube 92 which fits tightly as shown into an adapter 94.
  • the receptor tube is preferably constituted by a stoppered evacuated Vacutainer tube.
  • a hypodermic needle 96 extends as shown through the top 98 of the adapter 94 and, upon insertion of the receptor tube 92 thereinto, functions to puncture the readily punctuable cap 100 of the latter.
  • a bent hypodermic needle or similar small conduit 102 extends as shown through the receptor tube adapter top 98 through the receptor tube cap 160, and extends from the former to atmosphere.
  • a micro filter is schematically indicated at 104 and is disposed as shown in codnuit 102 to thoroughly filter any air which may fiow therethrough into receptor tube 92 upon the initial puncturing of the cap of the latter.
  • the magnetic particles will be subjected to the high intensity, nonuniform magnetic field set up in the magnetic separator 56 as illustrated by the lines of force drawn in FIG. 7 to strongly pull said magnetic particles downwardly as shown to the bottom of the flowing stream and retain the same within that portion of the transfer tube which winds through said magnetic separator.
  • the pumping as described of the blood sample-separating agent mixture from the syringe 10 into the transfer tube 74 will, of course, result in an increase in pressure in the latter whereby that portion of the flowing stream which exits from the magnetic separator 56 to the extremi ty of said transfer tube at seal 76 will be pressure pumped from said extremity into and through hypodermic needle 96 into the receptor tube 92.
  • This portion of the flowing stream which is pumped as described into the receptor tube 92 will contain, in suspension in the blood plasma, a very high percentage of the live lymphocytes from the whole blood sample of interest, plus a small residual amount of the erythrocytes and a very small measure of contaminating cells in the nature of platelets, eosinophils and/ or basophils.
  • lymphocyte-erythrocyte contaminating cellsplasma suspension may be readily and efficiently effected by simple hemolysis and subsequent lymphocyte wash and resuspension in manner well known to those skilled in this art. Operation for a representative whole blood sample may be understood to take approximately 10 minutes.
  • the method and apparatus of the invention are also applicable to the separation of other and different constituents from said blood samples providing, of course, that said constituents are separable therefrom attendant the operation of magnetic separator means. Also, and subject of course to the same qualifications, it is believed clear that the method and apparatus of the invention are applicable to the separation of constituents from samples other and different than blood samples.
  • the improvements comprising, means to collect and mix said blood sample and a separating agent which includes sensitized magnetic particles, means to incubate the resultant separating agent-blood sample mixture to effect the tagging of the blood sample leukocytes by said sensitized magnetic particles to the substantial exclusion of the lymphocytes through leukoadhesion, phagocytosis and clumping, respectively, transfer means, magnetic separating means operatively associated with said transfer means, lymphocyte collecting means, means to operatively connect said blood sample and separating agent collecting means, said transfer means and said lymphocyte collecting means for flow therebetween, and means to flow said blood sample-separating agent mixture from said blood sample and separating agent collecting means through said transfer and operatively associated magnetic separating means for substantial retention of said tagged leukocytes in the latter and continued flow of said lymphocytes through said transfer means into said lymphocyte collection means.
  • said blood sample and separating agent collecting means comprise a syringe.
  • said transfer means comprise tubing.
  • said transfer means comprise a length of tubing which is sealed adjacent each extremity thereof
  • said blood sample and separating agent CQlleQting means comprise a syringe having a hypodermic needle extending therefrom
  • said lymphocyte collecting means comprise a container having a hypodermic needle extending therefrom
  • said syringe and container are operatively connected to said tubing by extension of the respective hypodermic needles thereof into the sealed interior of said tubing at spaced locations on the latter.
  • said separating agent further includes an erythrocyte sedimenting agent
  • said apparatus further includes sedimentation means for sedimentation of said blood sample-separating agent mixture for settling of the erythrocytes.
  • said magnetic separating means comprise means defining a generally arcute passage through which is passed a high density

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US00133524A 1971-04-13 1971-04-13 Method and apparatus for lymphocyte separation from blood Expired - Lifetime US3709791A (en)

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US (1) US3709791A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5522445B1 (ja)
BE (1) BE781532A (ja)
CA (1) CA955892A (ja)
CH (1) CH544308A (ja)
DE (1) DE2217266C2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2132800B1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1386303A (ja)
IT (1) IT968389B (ja)
NL (1) NL170983C (ja)
SE (1) SE378309B (ja)
SU (1) SU433695A3 (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4054491A (en) * 1973-11-13 1977-10-18 Kemanord Ab Microorganism testing device and method
US4224942A (en) * 1979-04-25 1980-09-30 Northwestern University Cell fractionating method
US4343793A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-08-10 Max-Planck Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften Process for obtaining intact and viable leucocytes and thrombocytes from blood
WO1984001503A1 (en) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-26 Coulter Electronics Magnetic separation using chelated magnetic ions
US4487700A (en) * 1983-02-18 1984-12-11 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for separating lymphocytes from anticoagulated blood
US4664796A (en) * 1985-09-16 1987-05-12 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Flux diverting flow chamber for high gradient magnetic separation of particles from a liquid medium
US4784954A (en) * 1983-06-11 1988-11-15 Kerforshungsanlage Julich Procedure and device for the fusion of cells
US6013531A (en) * 1987-10-26 2000-01-11 Dade International Inc. Method to use fluorescent magnetic polymer particles as markers in an immunoassay
US20030203491A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-30 Andrevski Zygmunt M. Gravitational flow purification system
US20070163963A1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-19 Faustman Denise L Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US20110177592A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2011-07-21 Faustman Denise L Magnetic apparatus for blood separation
CN110904040A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-24 江苏久腾医学科技有限公司 一种细胞剥离方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2656317C2 (de) * 1976-12-11 1986-06-19 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Suspension von beladenen Erythrocyten
SE431214B (sv) * 1977-06-02 1984-01-23 Klaus H Mosbach Sett att framstella magnetiska polymerpartiklar som berare av en foretredesvis biologiskt aktiv substans
DE3200988A1 (de) * 1982-01-14 1983-07-28 Thomas A. Dr. 6900 Heidelberg Reed Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abtrennung von organischen stoffen aus einer suspension oder loesung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3700555A (en) * 1970-10-12 1972-10-24 Technicon Instr Method and apparatus for lymphocyte separation from blood

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4054491A (en) * 1973-11-13 1977-10-18 Kemanord Ab Microorganism testing device and method
US4224942A (en) * 1979-04-25 1980-09-30 Northwestern University Cell fractionating method
US4343793A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-08-10 Max-Planck Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Wissenschaften Process for obtaining intact and viable leucocytes and thrombocytes from blood
WO1984001503A1 (en) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-26 Coulter Electronics Magnetic separation using chelated magnetic ions
US4508625A (en) * 1982-10-18 1985-04-02 Graham Marshall D Magnetic separation using chelated magnetic ions
US4487700A (en) * 1983-02-18 1984-12-11 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for separating lymphocytes from anticoagulated blood
US4971910A (en) * 1983-06-11 1990-11-20 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Magnetic device for the fusion of cells
US4784954A (en) * 1983-06-11 1988-11-15 Kerforshungsanlage Julich Procedure and device for the fusion of cells
US4664796A (en) * 1985-09-16 1987-05-12 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Flux diverting flow chamber for high gradient magnetic separation of particles from a liquid medium
US6013531A (en) * 1987-10-26 2000-01-11 Dade International Inc. Method to use fluorescent magnetic polymer particles as markers in an immunoassay
US20030203491A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-30 Andrevski Zygmunt M. Gravitational flow purification system
US20070163963A1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2007-07-19 Faustman Denise L Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US7867765B2 (en) * 2005-12-28 2011-01-11 The General Hospital Corporation Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US20110111476A1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2011-05-12 The General Hospital Corporation Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US8187886B2 (en) 2005-12-28 2012-05-29 The General Hospital Corporation Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US8753888B2 (en) 2005-12-28 2014-06-17 The General Hospital Corporation Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US9410144B2 (en) 2005-12-28 2016-08-09 The General Hospital Corporation Blood cell sorting methods and systems
US20110177592A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2011-07-21 Faustman Denise L Magnetic apparatus for blood separation
CN110904040A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-24 江苏久腾医学科技有限公司 一种细胞剥离方法

Also Published As

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DE2217266A1 (de) 1972-10-26
NL170983C (nl) 1983-01-17
GB1386303A (en) 1975-03-05
DE2217266C2 (de) 1984-01-19
SU433695A3 (ja) 1974-06-25
JPS5522445B1 (ja) 1980-06-17
NL7204570A (ja) 1972-10-17
NL170983B (nl) 1982-08-16
FR2132800A1 (ja) 1972-11-24
CA955892A (en) 1974-10-08
BE781532A (fr) 1972-10-02
CH544308A (de) 1973-11-15
IT968389B (it) 1974-03-20
SE378309B (ja) 1975-08-25
FR2132800B1 (ja) 1975-10-24

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