US3707839A - Method of making a closed layer of shaped wire in wire ropes, etc. - Google Patents

Method of making a closed layer of shaped wire in wire ropes, etc. Download PDF

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Publication number
US3707839A
US3707839A US00087395A US3707839DA US3707839A US 3707839 A US3707839 A US 3707839A US 00087395 A US00087395 A US 00087395A US 3707839D A US3707839D A US 3707839DA US 3707839 A US3707839 A US 3707839A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wires
layer
core
shaped
closed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00087395A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Glushko
V Skalatsky
I Skripnik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OD POLT INSTITUT
ODESSKY POLITEKHNICHESKY INST SU
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OD POLT INSTITUT
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for reducing the size of conductors or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/08—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core the layers of which are formed of profiled interlocking wires, i.e. the strands forming concentric layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/12—Ropes or cables with a hollow core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/007—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form comprising postformed and thereby radially plastically deformed elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
    • H01B7/226—Helicoidally wound metal wires or tapes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2002—Wires or filaments characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/027—Postforming of ropes or strands
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT PP- 37,395 The making of a closed layer from shaped wires on ropes, cables and similar products in which shaped 52 US. Cl. ..57/l6l, 29/505,57/166 Wires are a mp6 cm and 51 1111. c1. ..D07b 5/10 Plastic Squeezing of these wires for redistributing their 58 Field of Search .57/3, 6, 9, 13,15,34 R', 145, a l and changing their profile so that they 57/146, 147, 148, 161, 166, 55; 29/505 become reliably interlocked throughout the entire 7 layer.
  • the present invention relates to the rope and cable making industry and more specifically methods of making closed-surface ropes, cables and other similar products.
  • PRIOR ART Known in the art are methods of making a closed outer layer on ropes and cables by twisting the layer from premanufactured shaped wires which become interlocked when wound on the core.
  • the closed layer of ropes, cables and other similar products is made from three main types of shaped wire, namely those, having a Z-shaped, X-shaped and 8-shaped cross-section with one axis of symmetry in the cross-sectional plane.
  • the Z-shaped wire manufactured with sufficient accuracy, ensures the most reliable locking of all the wires in the layer and a maximum possible bearing sur face of the rope and other similar products as compared with the wires of all the other known profiles intended for the same purpose.
  • the Z-shaped wire is the most difficult to manufacture since it requires accurate calibration throughout its length so that the Z-shaped wire is difficult in manufacture and does not always meet the requirements of quality.
  • the X-shaped wire alternating with a round wire is capable of producing a closed layer of limited reliability.
  • the closed layer consisting of a combination of these wire profiles is not very strong so that such ropes may be used only for a small bending ratio.
  • the 8-shaped wire whose profile is the simplest of those mentioned above is also used for making a closed layer witha limited reliability. Like the Z-shaped wire, the 8-shapedwire requires precise calibration and may develop the same defects as the Z-shaped one.
  • the closed layer formed from the 8-shaped wires provides the smallest bearing surface area of the above-mentioned wire profiles.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method of making a reliably closed layer from comparatively simple wire profiles with a maximum possible bearing surface area and with equalized and minimized twisting stresses.
  • the core for making the closed layer may be constituted by a removable mandrel.
  • the closed layer can also be made by using a wire with a singleor double-wedge-shaped profile.
  • the cable, et cetera should have a closed layer made in accordance with the present method.
  • the method based on the use of plastic squeezing of the layer of shaped wires leads to a redistribution of the twisting stresses in the wires, thereby ensuring one of the most vital characteristics of the article, i.e. its resistance to untwisting.
  • the articlemade in accordance with the method exhibits a number of manufacturing advantages. Since the wires in the layer are subjected to plastic squeezing after twisting, this allows to simplify, cheapen and intensify the manufacture of the shaped wire intended for making the closed layer. This method does not place heavy demands on the manufacturing accuracy of the profile of the wires to be used for making the closed layer because the final shaping of the wire profile takes place during squeezing. When a layer consisting of inaccurately machined wires is squeezed together, the surfaces of the adjacent wires become interlocked through the entire squeezed layer which cannot be attained by even the highest accuracy of the wire-manufacturing equipment and the resulting accuracy of the wire profile.
  • the present method makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the wire-making equipment, to increase the allowances for the shape and dimensions of the wire, and to permit the introduction of a more advanced method, i.e. rolling of shaped wire intended for making the closed layer, including the rolling of fine-gauge wire.
  • the method also permits substantial simplification of the manufacture of the article in question, since its core can be made exclusively from round wires, and its closed layer from only one profile of shaped wire.
  • the closed layer may be made from the shaped wires of other profiles including those which, unless squeezed, fail to ensure even the slightest degree of reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is an elementary diagram of making a closed layer from wires, having a 8-shaped section;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates approximate cross sections of the rope core
  • FIG. 3 illustrates approximate cross sections of the initial elements used for making a closed layer
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of the formation of a closed layer from wires having a wedge-shaped cross-section
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of formation of a closed layer from wires having a double-wedge-shaped cross-section
  • FIG. 6 illustrates approximate cross sections of ropes with a closed outer layer formed from different elements
  • FIG. 7 illustrates approximate cross sections of hollow articles with a closed outer layer, made on a hollow mandrel.
  • a core 1 (FIG. 1) of the article i.e. its part without a closed layer 2 is made by a conventional laying of round and shaped wires or by laying the round initial wires followed by their plastic squeezing in a bunch and or by successive layers. As a result of squeezing, the round wires of the rope core 1 acquire an interlocked shaped cross-section.
  • the cross section of the rope core 1 may take a form, several versions of which are shown in FIG. 2. Illustrated therein are parts of the cross sections of the rope core 1 made from round 3 and wedge-shaped wires 4 or from round wires 3, wedge-shaped and X-shaped wires 5 in combination with round wires 3, as well as from a plastic-squeezed strand 6 with initial wires 7 wound on the strand and then squeezed thereon as if on a mandrel.
  • each preceding layer together with the part of the article it encloses serves as a kind of an auxiliary mandrel for squeezing the next layer.
  • Both the strand 6 and the layers of wires 7 are laid from initially round wires.
  • the core 1 may be substituted for by a removable auxiliary mandrel.
  • the rope core 1 made by any one of the abovedescribed methods is then covered with a layer of figure 8-shaped wires 8 (FIG. 3) or of wires approximating this profile.
  • the wire 8 with a biaxial symmetry in its cross sectional plane should be preferred to the known figure 8-shaped wire with one axis of symmetry. Irrespective of what particular part of its two thicker parts is laid on the core 1 (FIG. 1), the wire 8 laid at a required pitch will ensure reliable interlocking of the sections which will be directed towards the rope core 1 during laying, and an adequate contact with the core 1.
  • the layer of wires 8 laid in a conventional manner is subjected to plastic squeezing by drawing, ball or roller burnishing, by rolling or by any other method of metal working by pressure.
  • FIG. 1 Shown in FIG. 1 is a principle of realization of the present method of making the closed layer by plastic squeezing, accomplished by roller bumishing with one roller 11 being shown in FIG. 1.
  • the article acquires a reliably closed layer which features high mechanical and operational properties while the diameter of the article is reduced to a certain extent A R R in which R, and R are the rope radii before and after plastic squeezing, respectively.
  • the operation of plastic squeezing goes well with the process of laying so that both operations can be performed concurrently.
  • a closed layer 2 of the article from elements whose profile differs considerably from that of the figure 8-shaped wire.
  • elements may be constituted by single-or double-wedge-shaped wires 13, 14 (FIG. 3).
  • the elements 13, 14 are changed in shape to elements 15 and 16 (FIGS. 4,5).
  • the wedge ends of the wires are deformed by plastic squeezing and ensure interlocking of wires in the closed layer 2.
  • each of the layers must be squeezed as described above, with each of the preceding layers functioning as a composite auxiliary mandrel on which the next layer is squeezed.
  • the method can be used for manufacturing the products of various applications and shapes, such as ropes, cables, flexible metal hoses and their combinations.
  • the ropes may be made with different structures of the core 1 and with different structures and number of the closed layers 2. Some of the possible versions are illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • a rope 17 whose closed layer 2 wound on the core 1 is made from the 8-shaped or similar wire 8 whose profile is changed by plastic squeezing into a Z-shaped or similar profile 10.
  • the layer 2 of the ropes 18, 19 is made from wires 13, 14, respectively having a wedge-shaped profile.
  • the rope 20 differs from the ropes 17, 18 and 19 in that it has two closed layers. This is only one of the possible embodiments of the wire rope with several layers.
  • the hollow products 21, 22, 23, 24, look similar to the ropes and cables illustrated in FIG. 6. Like ropes and cables, they may have one or more closed layers consisting of the above-described'wire profiles. The function of the core in these products is performed by removable mandrels.
  • One type of the hollowproducts is flexible metal hoses.
  • a method of manufacturing a closed layer on a core such as a wire rope, cable or similar product of wires having a non-round cross-sectional profile shaped to provide gaps between adjacent wires, said profile being selected in accordance with the definite configuration of the core and oriented in a definite manner with respect to the core, the method comprising the steps of applying a layer of wires of approximately the same hardness .and essentially identical elongated cross-sectional profile onto the core at a required pitch with the one of the shorter dimensions bearing against the core said gaps being provided between the other shorter sides of adjacent wires, and subjecting the layer to plastic squeezing with the gaps serving for the redistribution of the material of the wires and for altering the profile thereof with at least the degree of interlocking of the wires over the layer being increased.
  • a base I for making the closed layer is constituted by a removable mandrel.
  • wires of the closed layer are of S-shaped profile with one or two axes of symmetry in its cross-sectional plane, for increasing the degree of interlocking.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
US00087395A 1970-10-23 1970-11-06 Method of making a closed layer of shaped wire in wire ropes, etc. Expired - Lifetime US3707839A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2052022A DE2052022C3 (de) 1970-10-23 1970-10-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer geschlossenen Formdrahtlage für Drahtseile, Kabel und ähnliche Erzeugnisse
FR7039311A FR2110811A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-23 1970-10-30
GB5163670 1970-10-30
US8739570A 1970-11-06 1970-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3707839A true US3707839A (en) 1973-01-02

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US00087395A Expired - Lifetime US3707839A (en) 1970-10-23 1970-11-06 Method of making a closed layer of shaped wire in wire ropes, etc.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3707839A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2052022C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2110811A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1306987A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3872659A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-03-25 British Ropes Ltd Method and apparatus for production of tubular strand and rope
FR2574828A1 (fr) * 1984-08-21 1986-06-20 Inst Metiznoi Promy Procede de fabrication de cables, commetteuse pour sa mise en oeuvre et cables obtenus par ledit procede
US20150359577A1 (en) * 2013-01-31 2015-12-17 Syntec Corporation Linear member for medical use for bone union
US10640919B1 (en) * 2018-10-17 2020-05-05 Guizhou Wire Rope Incorporated Company Locked coil wire rope and capacity expansion framework
US11248340B2 (en) * 2018-01-17 2022-02-15 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Wire, in particular for a stranded wire

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2742003C2 (de) * 1977-09-17 1983-09-08 Drahtseilwerk Saar GmbH, 6654 Kirkel Drahtseil

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1996689A (en) * 1930-05-21 1935-04-02 Rohs Adolf Method of and apparatus for manufacturing ropes from noncircular wires
US2122911A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-07-05 Callenders Cable & Const Co Stranded member formed of wire or metal strip, particularly applicable to electric conductors
GB637571A (en) * 1944-07-21 1950-05-24 Comp Generale Electricite Method of and means for making multi-strand conductors
US3130536A (en) * 1961-09-21 1964-04-28 American Chain & Cable Co Method of manufacturing wire rope
US3188791A (en) * 1963-04-22 1965-06-15 United States Steel Corp Locked coil cable and method of making same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1996689A (en) * 1930-05-21 1935-04-02 Rohs Adolf Method of and apparatus for manufacturing ropes from noncircular wires
US2122911A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-07-05 Callenders Cable & Const Co Stranded member formed of wire or metal strip, particularly applicable to electric conductors
GB637571A (en) * 1944-07-21 1950-05-24 Comp Generale Electricite Method of and means for making multi-strand conductors
US3130536A (en) * 1961-09-21 1964-04-28 American Chain & Cable Co Method of manufacturing wire rope
US3188791A (en) * 1963-04-22 1965-06-15 United States Steel Corp Locked coil cable and method of making same

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3872659A (en) * 1971-04-26 1975-03-25 British Ropes Ltd Method and apparatus for production of tubular strand and rope
FR2574828A1 (fr) * 1984-08-21 1986-06-20 Inst Metiznoi Promy Procede de fabrication de cables, commetteuse pour sa mise en oeuvre et cables obtenus par ledit procede
US20150359577A1 (en) * 2013-01-31 2015-12-17 Syntec Corporation Linear member for medical use for bone union
US9913673B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2018-03-13 Syntec Corporation Linear member for medical use for bone union
US11248340B2 (en) * 2018-01-17 2022-02-15 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Wire, in particular for a stranded wire
US10640919B1 (en) * 2018-10-17 2020-05-05 Guizhou Wire Rope Incorporated Company Locked coil wire rope and capacity expansion framework

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2052022B2 (de) 1978-05-24
GB1306987A (en) 1973-02-14
DE2052022C3 (de) 1979-02-15
FR2110811A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-06-02
DE2052022A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-27

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