US3707395A - Process for the production of nonwoven fabrics containing binders - Google Patents

Process for the production of nonwoven fabrics containing binders Download PDF

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Publication number
US3707395A
US3707395A US57314A US3707395DA US3707395A US 3707395 A US3707395 A US 3707395A US 57314 A US57314 A US 57314A US 3707395D A US3707395D A US 3707395DA US 3707395 A US3707395 A US 3707395A
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parts
nonwoven
water
binder
dyeing
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US57314A
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Hanns Jenny
Georges Kieslinger
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Sandoz AG
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Sandoz AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/385—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing epoxy groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/46—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
    • D06M13/467—Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from polyamines

Definitions

  • assistants especially suitable for this purpose are polyamines and polyamide-amines with recurrent cationic groupings, which are produced by crosslinking polyamines and/r polyamide-amines with bifunctional acylating or alkylating agents.
  • This invention is therefore directed to a process for the production of binder-containing nonwovens by impregnation and condensation, which is characterized in that the lap of fibrous material is impregnated with a liquor containing one or more of the aforesaid assistants in addition to the binder.
  • binders produced by emulsion polymerization e.g. reaction in the presence of an emulsifier
  • the binders are self-emulsifying polymers.
  • the choice of binder depends upon the properties which are desired of the final nonwoven, such as stiffness, suppleness, resilience, tensile strength and heat stability.
  • binders some in the form of latices, can be used. They include e.g. polymers, copolymers and block polymers from acrylic acid or acrylic acid derivatives (e.g. acrylic acid ester and/or acrylonitrile), butadiene and styrene, e.g.
  • polyamines and polyamideamines containing recurrent cationic groupings are those synthesized by crosslinking of polyamines and/or polyamideamines with bivalent alkylating or acylating agents. These polymers are preferably so far crosslinked as to be at the limit of insolubility in water at room temperatures and they are best applied in the form of aqueous solutions.
  • the bivalent crosslinking alkylating and/or acylating agents are either symmetrical or asymmetrical, preferably linear monomeric or oligomeric compounds which may already bear cationic groups and/or may form quaternated groups by the alkylation. Alternatively the cationic groups may be present in the poly amideamine or polyamine.
  • crosslinking polyamines examples include polyalkylene polyamines, for instance dipropylene triamine.
  • crosslinking polyamide amines the polymerization products of triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine, tri-(l,2-propylene)-tetramine, di-(1,3-propylene)-triamine and di-(l,4-butylene)- triamine with dicarboxylic acids of formula HOOC(CH COOH where m represents 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, but preferably 4.
  • the suitable bifunctional crosslinking alkylating agents which may bear cationic groups, are exemplified by epichlorohydrin and compounds of formula ZCH2N where 1: stands for a whole number from 0 to 7, Z for --CHCH2, -OH--CH2 or -CHCH2,
  • R and R for lower alkyl or lower hydroxyalkyl
  • Y for an alkylene radical having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a 2- hydroxy-l,3-propylene radical or one of the radicals CH -CH NHCONH-CH CH or
  • suitable bifunctional acylating agents the chlorides of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids may be mentioned.
  • the nonwoven is bonded by the application of a binder from an aqueous dispersion containing one of the aforcstated cationic additives and, if required, condensation and/or crosslinking assistants, optionally together with an acid or basic additive to stabilize the pH value.
  • the dispersions can be applied by any of the known methods e.g. by spraying, screen or foam impregnation techniques or by padding.
  • the dispersions contain an additive of cationic character as defined in the foregoing, which may be present in amounts of 0.09% to 7.5% or preferably 0.4% to 3% in relation to the solid content of the binder.
  • the binder is employed preferably in the form of a preparation containing about 40-60% of the solid substance).
  • the dispersions may contain, as required, condensing agents and catalysts and an acid or basic additive such as an acid, a hydroxide or a buffering agent to maintain a constant pH value.
  • the pH of the dispersion may be decidedly alkaline to decidedly acid, depending on its composition, although it is preferable to keep within the region of pH'7.5 to 10.5. In order to avoid precipitation the optimum pH must be determined with reference to the cationic additive and the binder present. If an acrylester based binder is used, the pH region of 7.5 to 10.5, preferably 8.6 to 9.6, is best for the additive described in Example 3.2 of Belgian Pat. 721,332.
  • the nonwovens are best impregnated at low to medium temperatures, e.g. at to 50 C. or more especially at 2530 C.
  • the condensation is carried out with advantage at high temperatures, e.g. 100-180 C., the temperature being roughly in inverse relation to the time, which is about to 1 minute.
  • the optimum condensation conditions are 2-3 minutes at 150 C.
  • the nonwoven can be coloured and/or optically brightened as desired.
  • Nonwovens produced in accordance with the present process can be coloured and/or optically brightened by printing, exhaust dyeing or pad dyeing methods, i.e. the pad-steam, pad-roll, pad-batch and pad-jig processes. Dyes and optical brighteners of anionic character are used. Of the suitable optical brighteners may be mentioned those listed in the Colour Index, 1956, and Supplement 1963, in the section Fluorescent Brightening Agents and those described in Swiss Pat. 353,243.
  • the suitable anionic dyes include those which form hetergpolar bonds with the cationic groupings of the additives used in this invention, e.g. dyes bearing sulphonic acid and/or carboxylic acid groups. They are found in the acid, direct, solubilized vat, reactive, premetallized and metallizable classes. Suitable dyes are described in the Colour Index, 1956, and Supplement 1963, in the sections Acid Dyes, Direct Dyes, Solubilized Vat Dyes, Reactive Dyes” and Mordant Dyes. Acid, direct and solubilized vat dyes are excellent for the present purpose.
  • the dyeings obtained on nonwovens produced in con formity with this invention are of considerably greater depth, and the optical brightening effects of greater intensity, than the dyeings and white effects obtained on material of the some composition but containing no additive of the disclosed type.
  • the dyeings and effects are level and have good light, wet and rubbing fastness, the fastness to water and washing and the rubbing fastness being particularly good.
  • the dispersion is padded on a nonwoven of rayon staple and polyester fibre at 30 with an expression giving an increase of 65% over the dry weight. It is dried at 110, condensed for 2 minutes 30 seconds at 150, rinsed with cold water and then with water at 60, and dried.
  • the nonwoven fabric is printed from rollers engraved to 280 microns depth with a paste of the following composition:
  • the resulting yellow print is of one and half times greater depth than a comparative print on a nonwoven of the same composition produced without the additive conforming to this invention, and is faster to Wet treatments, such as the severe water fastness test and the wash fastness test at 40.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A dispersion is prepared at pH 9.8 with 100 parts of the binder preparations specified in Example 1, 3 parts of a 30% aqueous solution of the compound described in Example 3.2 of Belgian Pat. 721,332, 0.28 part of 24% ammonia and 19.1 parts of water.
  • a nonwoven of rayon staple and polyester fibre is padded with the dispersion at 30 and an expression giving an increase of over the dry weight. It is dried at 110, cured, i.e. condensed, for 2 minutes 30 seconds at 150 and rinsed consecutively with cold and warm (60) water.
  • the nonwoven fabric is next padded at 30 and a pickup of 50% with a liquor containing 20 parts of the sodium salt of l(2',5'-dichlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(3"-trichloropyrimidylaminophenylazo) 5 pyrazolone-4,6"- disulphonic acid, parts of urea, 2 parts of sodium alginate, 20 parts of ammonium sulphate and 858 parts of water, totalling 1000 parts. It is then steamed for 15 minutes at rinsed first with cold water, then with water at 60, and washed otf at 60 with a 0.1% aqueous solution of a partially carboxymethylated alkylpolyglycolether.
  • a yellow dyeing is obtained on the nonwoven fabric which is of about 50% greater depth than a comparable dyeing produced by the same method on an identical nonwoven not containing the additive according to this invention. It has better fastness to wet treatments (the severe water fastness test and the wash test at 40).
  • EXAMPLE 3 A nonwoven fabric produced in accordance with Example 2 is printed with a paste of the following composition:
  • Example 4 The procedure of Example 3 is followed, except that the dye used is 24 parts of the sodium salt of 1-[4'-(5"- ohloro 2", “-difiuoropyrimidyl-4"amino) phenylazo1- 2-amino 8 hydroxy-naphthalene-6,2'-disulphonic acid.
  • a red print is obtained which is of four times greater depth than a comparative print on the same nonwoven fabric produced without the additive of this invention. It is also faster to wet treatments such as water (the severe fastness test) and washing at 40.
  • EXAMPLE 5 The procedure is again as in Example 3, with the dye changed to 24 parts of the sodium salt of 1-amino-4-[3'- (5" chloro-2",6"-difluoropyrimidyl-4"-amino)-4'-methylphenylamino] anthraquinone-2,6-disu1phonic acid.
  • a print of full blue shade is obtained which is two and a half times deeper than a comparative print produced by the same method on the nonwoven without the additive conforming to this invention. It has superior wet fastness properties.
  • EXAMPLE 6 A nonwoven fabric produced as described in Example 2 is padded with a solution of 6.5 g./l. sodium 4,4'-bis- (6" phenylamino-4"-B-amino carbonylethylamino-l", 3",5" triazinyl-2"-am1ino)-1,1'-sti1bene-2,2-disulphonate at 30 and an expression giving a 65% increase over the dry weight.
  • the nonwoven is steamed for 15 minutes at 105, rinsed with cold water and then with water at 60 and dried.
  • the nonwoven, optically brightened by this pad-steam method shows a significantly higher degree of whiteness both in daylight and ultraviolet light than a nonwoven optically brightened in the same way but prepared without the additive of this invention.
  • EXAMPLE 7 A padding liquor is prepared at pH 8.6 with 3 parts of a 30% aqueous solution of the compound described in Example 3.2. of Belgian Pat. 721,332., 0.5 part of ammonium nitrate, 0.28 part of 24% ammonia, 23.2 parts of water and, 100 parts of a binder preparation produced by copolymerization of 36 parts of acrylic acid ethylester with 4 parts of acrylonitrile in the presence of 3 parts of the reaction product of 1 mole of nonylphenol with 12 moles of ethylene oxide, 0.5 part of potassium persulphate and 0.2 part of sodium bisulphite in 56.3 parts of water.
  • a nonwoven of rayon staple and polyester fibre is padded with this liquor at 30 and an expression giving a 65% increase over the dry weight, dried at 110 and cured for 2 minutes 30 seconds at 150. Rinsing with cold and warm (60) water and drying complete this stage of the process.
  • the nonwoven fabric is padded at 30 and a pick-up of 50% with a liquor consisting of:
  • a yellow dyeing is obtained which is twice as deep as a comparative dyeing on a nonwoven not containing the disclosed additive, and it is faster to wet treatments.
  • EXAMPLE 8 A nonwoven fabric produced as detailed in Example 7 is padded with a liquor consisting of:
  • a red dyeing with good fastness properties is obtained which is of three times greater depth than the dyeing on a comparable nonwoven fabric produced without the additive of this invention.
  • EXAMPLE 9 A nonwoven produced as given in Example 7 is padded by the method of that example with a liquor consisting of:
  • the resulting blue dyeing is three times deeper than a comparative dyeing on a nonwoven fabric produced without the additive of this invention.
  • EXAMPLE 10 A polyester nonwoven is treated and dyed as described in Example 8. A red dyeing with good fastness properties is obtained which is twice as deep as a comparative dyeing on the nonwoven produced without the disclosed additive.
  • a padding liquor is prepared at pH 8.6 with 23.2 parts of water, 0.28 part of 24% ammonia, 0.5 part of ammonium nitrate, 3 parts of a 30% aqueous solution of the compound described in Example 3.2 of Belgian Pat. 721,332 and 100 parts of a binder preparation produced by copolymerization of 30 parts of acrylic acid butylester with 8 parts of acrylic acid ethylester and 2 parts of acrylonitrile in the presence of 4 parts of the reaction product of 1 mole of octylphenol with 15 moles of ethylene oxide, 0.3 part of potassium persulphate and 0.12 part of sodium bisulphite in 55.58 parts of water.
  • a nonwoven of rayon staple and polyester fibre is padded with this liquor as given in Example 7.
  • the nonwoven fabric is than padded at 30 and a pick-up of 50% with a liquor consisting of and the dyeing fixed by dry heat treatment for minutes at 150.
  • the red dyeing obtained has excellent wet fastness properties and is of six times greater depth than a comparative dyeing on a nonwoven fabric which does not contain the additive of this invention.
  • EXAMPLE 12 The nonwoven fabric is steamed for 5 minutes at 105 for fixation of the dyeing. This is of navy shade, has good fastness properties and is twice as deep as the comparative dyeing on a nonwoven fabric containing no additive of the disclosed type.
  • EXAMPLE 13 A nonwoven fabric of polyamide fibre, produced as in Example 7, is padded at 30 and an expression giving a 75% increase on the dry weight with a liquor of the following composition:
  • Dye CI. 59826 Solubilized Vat Green 1
  • Sodium nitrite 6 50% aqueous solution of a mixture of 25 parts of octylphenoldecaglycolether and 5 parts of oleylpolypeptide 2
  • Water 982 The dyeing is developed by treatment for seconds at 70 in a bath of 980 parts of water, 36 parts of 98% sulphuric acid and 1 part of a mixture of 80 parts of sodium ligninsulphonate, 10 parts of hydroquinone and 10 parts of tridecylbenzimidazole sulphonate.
  • the nonwoven is then rinsed and washed off for 5 minutes at 80 in an aqueous solution of 0.1% of a partially carboxymethylated alkylpolyglycolether and 0.25% sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • the procedure results in a green dyeing which is of four times greater depth than a comparative dyeing on the nonwoven fabric made without the disclosed additive.
  • the light fastness of the former dyeing is 6-7 (assessed on the blue scale), the water fastness 5 (severe test), the wash fastness at 60 4-5 and the rubbing fastness 4.
  • EXAMPLE 14 A polyester nonwoven is padded at 30 and a pick up of 180% with a liquor consisting of 39 parts of water,
  • the nonwoven fabric is next padded at 30 and an expression giving a 75 increase on the dry weight with a liquor of the following composition:
  • a process for the production of brightened nonwoven fabrics containing resinous binders which comprises, in the following order, the steps of (1) impregnating a nonwoven fabric with a liquor containing a resinous binder and a water soluble polyamine or polyamide amine bearing recurring cationic groupings and produced by the crosslinking of polyamines or polyamide amines with bifunctional acylating or al-kylating agents, (2) effecting condensation and (3) subsequently optically brightening with an anionic fluorescent brightening agent the thustreated nonwoven fabric.
  • a process for the production of colored or brightened nonwoven fabrics containing resinous binders which comprises, in the following order, the steps of (1) impregnating a nonwoven fabric with a liquor containing a resinous binder and 0.09% to 7.5% in relation to the dry weight of the binder, of a water soluble polyamine or polyamide amine bearing recurring cationic groupings and produced by the cross-linking of polyamines or polyamide amines with bifunctional acylating or alkylating agents, (2) effecting condensation and (3) subsequently subjecting the thus-treated fabric to exhaust or pad dyeing with an anionic dye or to optical brightening with an anionic optical brightener or to both dyeing with an anionic dye and optical brightening with an anionic optical brightener.
  • anionic dyes and anionic optical brighteners contain carboxylic acid or sulphonic acid groups.
  • a process for the production of colored or brightened nonwoven fabrics containing resinous binders which comprises, in the following order, the steps of (1) impregnating a nonwoven fabric with a liquor containing a resinous binder and a water soluble polyamideamine bearing recurring cationic groupings and produced by the crosslinking polyamide amines having alkylene chains of 2 to 4 carbon atoms between the -NH- groups and alkylene chains of 4 to 8 carbon atoms between the -CO- groups with bifunctional acylating or alkylating agents, (2) effecting condensation and (3) subsequently subjecting the thus-treated fabric to printing or dyeing with an anionic dye or to optical brightem ing with an anionic optical brightener or to both printing or dyeing with an anionic dye and optical brightening with an anionic optical brightener.
  • nonwoven fabric with bifunctional alkylating agents of formula is impregnated with a liquor containing a polyamide- CH8 OH: I- HO CH8 ahulrrizcgpiclilrcelrlifiby polyalkylatlon of polymer contamrng CHPZ HN-CH CH NH-CH CH NHCO(CH CO 5 fi J with epichlorohydrin or a compound of the formula where A stands for an anion, n for 0 to 3 and Z for R1 R2 R1 Ila l one of the radicals -g R -g; CHZ-Z 10 -CH;CH1 or CHCH: where x stands for a whole number from 0 to 7, Z for O 0H 01 -CHCH, CHCH or OHCH are employed 2 z 7 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US57314A 1969-07-28 1970-07-22 Process for the production of nonwoven fabrics containing binders Expired - Lifetime US3707395A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1145769A CH569121B5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-07-28 1969-07-28
CH1241269 1969-08-15
CH1431569 1969-09-23

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US3707395A true US3707395A (en) 1972-12-26

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US57314A Expired - Lifetime US3707395A (en) 1969-07-28 1970-07-22 Process for the production of nonwoven fabrics containing binders

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US (1) US3707395A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS553466B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE754004A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH1145769A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2053213B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1317923A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0800113A2 (en) 1996-04-05 1997-10-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material
US20060121201A1 (en) * 2002-10-29 2006-06-08 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Method of forming nonwoven mats

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ113894A3 (en) * 1994-05-09 1996-01-17 Vyzk Ustav Textil Zuslecht Compounds for cationic ionization of textile fibrous materials, process of their preparation and process of treating textile fibrous materials with such compounds

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2926154A (en) * 1957-09-05 1960-02-23 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Cationic thermosetting polyamide-epichlorohydrin resins and process of making same
US3248280A (en) * 1963-07-29 1966-04-26 Owens Illinois Inc Cellulosic and wool materials containing a reaction product of epichlorohydrin and a polyamide derived from polyalkylene polyamine with a mixture of polymeric fatty acid and dibasic carboxylic acid
FR1413373A (fr) * 1963-10-31 1965-10-08 Bayer Ag Procédé de fabrication d'étoffes non tissées
FR1414419A (fr) * 1963-12-05 1965-10-15 Bayer Ag Procédé de préparation de matières toisonnées teintes ou imprimées

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0800113A2 (en) 1996-04-05 1997-10-08 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material
US20060121201A1 (en) * 2002-10-29 2006-06-08 National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation Method of forming nonwoven mats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH569121B5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-11-14
DE2036074A1 (de) 1971-02-11
FR2053213A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-16
GB1317923A (en) 1973-05-23
BE754004A (fr) 1970-12-31
JPS553466B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-01-25
CH1145769A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-15
FR2053213B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-11-16

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