Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0042—Reducing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3955—Organic bleaching agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments
  • C11D3/42—Brightening agents ; Blueing agents

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a bleaching composition containing a chlorinated bleach, and a stabilized optical brightener system.
• optical brighteners in chlorine bleach compositions to effect brightening on clothes is common practice.
• the problem of incompatability of brighteners of desirable hue with the chlorine bleach compound is well recognized in the art. This difficulty has been overcome in the past by the use of specific classes of optical brighteners.
• chlorine bleach compositions, particularly chloroisocyanurate bleach is non-compatible with most brighteners of desirable hue and of reasonable cost, the neutral blue fluorescence being preferable.
• optical brighteners Another problem encountered with the optical brighteners is its instability towards the chlorine bleach in the wash solution, whereby it is destroyed by the chlorine prior to its adherence to the fabric. This difficulty has been solved in the past by the use of ultramarine blue pigment which attempts to mask any yellowing due to repeated bleaching or the inherent color of the fluorescent brightener.
• Another solution to this problem involves the compounding of a solid core of bleach with an outer contiguous coating which contains the optical brightener, detergent and other additives; whereby the outer coating dissolves first and permits the attachment of the brightener to the fabric before it can be destroyed by the chlorine bleach.
• the destroyed action of the bleach resulting from the aforementioned solid composition has only limited utility in view of the fact that the fabric must be present in the wash solution prior to the dissolution of the bleach therein.
• a reducing agent to a chlorine bleach composition containing an optical brightener effects improved whiteness of fabric.
• the reducing agent provides a more easily oxidizable substance than the brightener for the initial action taken by the chlorine bleach, thereby protecting the brighteners until it is absorbed onto the fabric.
• dye and fabric damage as evidenced by localized bleaching and weakness of fiber would also be diminished by the presence of a reducing agent.
• the present novel bleaching compositions containing optical brightener and reducing agent have the advantage of being suitable in a laundering medium even though the introduction of textile materials be delayed for a reasonable time. It permits the addition of the fabric to the wash solution which is the conventional method of home laundering, without appreciable, if any, loss in the whitening by bleach and with appreciable increased brightening effect by the brightener. The small, if any, loss in whitening by the bleach due to the presence of reducing agent is more than compensated by the appreciable increase in the efficiency of the brightener.
• the instant invention relates to a bleaching composition
• a bleaching composition comprising a chlorine bleach, an optical brightener, and a reducing agent readily oxidizable in aqueous medium.
• any chloride bleaching agent organic or inorganic (e.g. calcium hypochlorite and the like) capable of liberating chlorine ions in an aqueous medium is suitable for use in the instant novel compositions.
• Particularly efficient are dry, granular, organic bleaching compounds such as trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA) and the sodium and potassium salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid (NaDCC and KDCC).
• TCCA trichloroisocyanuric acid
• DCCA dichloroisocyanuric acid
• NaDCC and KDCC the sodium and potassium salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid
• the weight of chlorine bleaching agent to be used in a dry composition will be dependent upon the available chlorine content of the bleach ingredient selected.
• Compositions of this invention can be formulated to provide aqueous wash solutions with a wide range of available chlorine content, and mixtures of these.
• the optical brightener which is an essential ingredient in a wash solution, are fluorescent materials that are substantive to cloth and provide thereby a desirable hue, preferably blue. They are commonly used in heavy duty laundry products. Unfortunately, not all fluorescent brighteners are compatible for use with a chlorine bleaching agent. Consequently, this difficulty is one of the major reasons for the use of a mixture of optical whitening agents in laundry products. In this respect the 2-stilbymonotriazole, benzimidazole, and dibenzothiophene dioxide type brighteners are characterized by a significant degree of resistance to chlorine bleach. On the other hand, the less expensive and exceptionally strong cotton brighteners having the trizinyl stilbene structure are generally classified as being ineffective in the presence of a chlorine bleach.
• optical brightener is an essential ingredient in the instant composition since it enhances the brightness of textiles and counteracts the yellowing of fabric due to repeated bleaching.
• any optical brightener characterized above as being possessed of a significant degree of resistance to chlorine bleach can be utilized herein, the sulfonated triazoles are preferred.
• An example of a 2-stilbemonotriazole type brightener is sodium 2-sulfo-4-(2-naphtho-l,2 triazole) stilbene of the following formula:
• the presence of a small amount of sodium sulfite in a wash solution containing certain triazinyl type brightener and chlorine bleach will effect a significant improvement in the deposition of brightener onto fabric.
• the disodium salt of 4,4'-bis (4-anilino-6morpholino-S-triazin-Z-yl-amino) 2,2 stilbenedisulfonate is preferred. It is represented by the following formula:
• a small but significant amount of brightener is necessary to effect the brightness onto the fabric, about 0.05 to 1.0 percent of the total composition.
• the brightener-bleach composition will provide a wash solution containing about 3-l0 ppm of the 2-stilbyltriazole brightener.
• the chloroisocyanurates are usually mixed with dry, water soluble salts preferably alkaline salts as carrier agents to provide bulk and alkalinity to the bleaching compound when dissolved in water.
• Sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate are commonly used to provide desirable alkalinity and sodium sulfate or sodium chloride are often used as filler.
• Such compositions in the presence of certain brighteners as for example the monosulfostilbene naphthomonotriazole, sodium 2-sulfo-4(2-naphtho-l,2 triazole) stilbene, are able to whiten clothes by reason of the bleaching agent and also the optical whitener.
• the magnitude of the fluorescent intensity on fabric is dependent upon the conditions of use and the formulation of the product.
• the brightener effectiveness is related to the time of bleach and brightener contact prior to the addition of fabric and to whether an organic surfactant detergent, preferable of the anionic sulfonate or sulfate class, is present in the solution in a sizable amount.
• Minimum time elapse prior to addition of textile materials to the bleach solution and the presence of a substantial amount of an organic detergent in the solution provides for better overall whitening of the textiles being cleaned.
• bleach and inorganic builders will invariably result in less brightener substantivity on fabric being washed.
• bleach-brightener systems suggests the possibility that an initially fast reacting and strong oxidizing material or medium associated with initial hydrolysis of the chloroisocyanurate tends to destroy the small amount of brightener present before it adheres to the fabric unless a more easily oxidizable substance, presumably the alkylbenzene sulfonate, is present.
• the same or better fluorescent intensity on fabric can be obtained as would be achieved by use of a substantial amount of a' phosphate, tetra sodium pyrophosphate, disodium.
• inorganic build salts which is used may vary widely. Most desirably, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium sulfate comprise the bulk of the inorganic salt content. Formulated compositions without or with minor amounts of organic surfactant should preferably deliver under use condition between 150-450 ppm of sodium tripolyphosphate to the wash solution.
• the reducing agent which is another essential ingredient of the instant invention may be any water soluble salt that is easily oxidizable such as sodium and potassium sulfite, sodium and potassium hypophosphite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfinate, sodium toluenesulfinate, sodium benzenesulfinate, sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate.
• sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate release oxygen in the presence of chloroisocyanurate and the resulting effervescence aids in the disintegration or dissolution of the product.
• the quantity of reducing agent used may vary considerably.
• An effective amount of reducing agent is related to the bleaching composition used, particularly to the selected chlorine compound used therein.
• the purpose of the reducing agent may be to enhance brightener intensity on textiles with appreciable loss in bleaching of the fabric or its purpose may be to obtain optimum fluorescent intensity while obtaining a lower though satisfactory level of bleaching by the chlorine compound. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the brightener-bleach composition to brighten textiles will be related to the moles quantities of reducing agent and chlorine compound that could theoretically react completely in solution.
• the amount of reducing agent will vary from about 30 percent to about percent and preferably from about 5 percent to about 25 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for completing reaction with the bleach compound.
• the stoichiometric quantities are 2 moles of sodium sulfite to 1 mole of KDCC.
• Preferred system for use in this invention would employ on a molar basis 0.06 to 0.40 moles of sodium sulfite per mole of KDCC.
• the bleaching compositions of the instant invention are dry, water-soluble powders, which may be packaged in bulk in assorted containers or in individual, premeasured water-soluble packets.
• the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol film is particularly useful as packet material since it has long shelf life and is resistant to gases, oil and grease.
• compositions suitably may contain additional constituents such as water-soluble organic surface active agents which are stable in the presence of the chlorine-liberating compounds.
• surface active agents may be anionic detergent salts having alkyl group of eight to 22 carbon atoms such as the watersoluble olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates and the higher fatty acid alkali metal soaps, e.g.
• water-soluble sulfated and sulfonated anionic alkali metal and alkaline earth metal detergent salts containing a hydrophobic higher alkyl moiety typically containing from eight to 22 carbon atoms
• alkyl monoor poly-nuclear aryl sulfonates having from to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group (e.g.
• alkali metal salts of higher fatty acid esters of low molecular weight alkylol sulfonic acids eg. fatty acid esters of sodium salt of isethionic acid
• the fatty ethanolamide sulfates the fatty acid amides of amino alkyl sulfonic acids, e.g. lauric acid amide of taurine
• anionic organic surface active agents such as sodium toluene-sulfonate, sodium xyiene-sulfonate, sodium napthalene sulfonate; and mixtures thereof.
• organic surface active agents are employed in the form of their alkali metal salts or alkaline earth metal salts as these salts possess the requisite stability, solubility, and low cost essential to practical utility. It has been found that a long chain alkylbenzene-sulfonate is particularly effective in the enhancement of brightener intensity.
• the amount of organic surface active agent utilizable herein may vary from O to 35 percent of the composition.
• Minor amounts of optional ingredients which do not interfere with the bleaching and brightening action of the composition may be included such as coloring materials, perfumes, corrosion inhibitors, binders, suds suppressors, etc.
• Alkylbenzenesulfonate detergent 1.5 g. Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 0.4 g. 0.4 g. Sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP) 0.4 g. 0.4 g. Sodium sulfate 1.0 g. 1.0 g. Sodium sulfite (reducing agent) 75 mg. 75 mg. Monosulfostilbene naphthomonotriazole brightenerl 3.0 mg 3.0 mg. pH (completion of Wash) 7.4 8.5
• test fabrics treated in each of the test solutions were obtained by means of a fluorimeter.
• EXAMPLE III Ingredients Amounts Sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonste detergent 2 Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 0. Sodium tripolyphosphate 0 Sodium sulfate 1 Monosulfostilbene naphthomonotriazole, brightener 1 Sodium sulfite (reducing agent) This dry powder composition was dissolved in a liter of water and pre-agitated in a tergotometer at 120 for 5 minutes, conditions which are far more severe for chlorine and brightener stability than ordinarily experienced under actual use.
• Test fabrics either 12 sulfur dyed swatches (3 X 6 inches) or 12 white cotton swatches (3 X 6 inches) were introduced into the receptacle containing the brightener-detergent bleach solution and subjected to a 10 minute wash cycle (pH 8.6). The fabrics were rinsed, dried and tested for brightness and bleaching improvement. The fluorescent intensity measurements with fluorimeter of the above treated fabrics were far greater than that of fabrics washed with bleach-brightener compositions containing the same ingredients except that the reducing agent was omitted. Reflectance measurements taken with Gardner Color Difference Meter on sulfur dyed swatches showed that the small amount of sulfite used to improve the brightener intensity has little, if any, adverse effect on bleaching.
• Example IV The sodium sulfite content of Example 111 was doubled and the composition then evaluated as before. Fluorescence intensity of the white cotton fabric was superior to those treated in Example III. The reflectance value for the sulfur dyed fabric was slightly lower than obtained in Example ill but the bleached fabric had the same fluorescent intensity as in Example 111.
• EXAMPLE V The composition given in Example I was dissolved in a liter of water and pre-agitated in a tergotometer at 120 for either 0-, 2-, or 5 minutes prior to the addition of 12 white cotton swatches (3 X 6 inches). After a 10 minute wash period, the fabrics were rinsed, dried and compared against fabrics subjected to the same treatment with the exception that sodium sulfite was omitted from the composition. Average fluorimeter readings for test fabrics treated with a solution of composition containing sult'ite were 86, 88, for 0, 2 and 5 minute pre-wash times respectively versus only 33, 25 and 12 readings on fluorimeter for fabrics treated with solution not containing sulfite. At the end of the wash cycle with 5 minute pre-wash pH of sulfite solution was 7.5 and available chlorine loss amounted to 18 percent. The pH of solution without sulfite was 7.9 and available chlorine loss amounted to 8 percent.
• EXAMPLE VI The disodium salt of (dimorpholino s-triazin-2- ylamino) stilbenedisulfonic acid (Brightener II) was used in place of the triazole brightener in Example V. Fabric treated with this brightener-bleach sodium sulfite solution exhibited superior brightness both visually and when measured on the fluorimeter.
• EXAMPLE X Ingredients Compositions Potassium dichloroisocyanurate Sodium tripolyphosphate Sodium sulfate Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate Monosulfostilbene naphthornonotriazole brightener I annon In a tergotometer at 120F, a solution of this composition was agitated for 5 minutes prior to addition of test fabrics. The 6 white cotton, 3 coffee/tea stained and 3 sulfur dye stained swatches were washed in the solution for 10 minutes and then evaluated for brightening and bleaching as described in previous examples.
• the solution had a pH of about 7.6 and available chlorine loss of about 19 percent, which was similar to the result obtained by a solution minus the hypophosphite reducing agent.
• compositions of all the aforementioned examples may be packaged in individual substantially watersoluble packets. These dry, powdered compositions may also be bulk-packaged in suitable containers such as cardboard boxes, plastic containers, etc. The powder may also be pressed into tablet form and suitably packaged.
• the reducing agent can be incorporated into detergent composition for separate addition to any brightener-bleach solution.
• a powdered bleaching composition consisting essentially of a chlorine bleaching agent capable of liberating chlorine ions in an aqueous medium, about 0.05 to 1.0 percent of a chlorine resistant optical brightener of the sulfonated triazole class, and a water soluble reducing salt readily oxidizable in an aqueous medium by said chlorine bleaching agent, the ratio of said reducing agent to said bleaching agent ranging from 0.03:1 to 08:1 on a Stoichiometric basis, said reducing salt being more readily oxidizable by said chlorine bleaching agent than said brightener.
• composition in accordance with claim wherein the reducing salt is sodium sulfite.
• composition in accordance with claim wherein the reducing salt is sodium thiosulfate.
• composition in accordance with claim wherein the reducing salt is sodium perborate.
• chlorine bleach is selected from the class of di or tri chlorinated isocyanurates and mixtures thereof.
• composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the amount of reducing salt is from to 25 percent of the stoichiometric requirement for complete reaction with the bleach compound.
• composition in accordance with claim 1 which also contains an alkaline, water-soluble inorganic salt and mixtures thereof, other than said reducing agent.
• composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the reducing salt is sodium or potassium hypophosphite.
• composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of chlorine bleaching agent provides in an aqueous medium 40 to 400 ppm available chlorine.
• composition in accordance with claim 1 which also contains a water-soluble organic surface active agent stable in the presence of the chlorine bleaching agent.
• a composition in accordance with claim 5, wherein the reducing salt is sodium or potassium f p a r riposition in accordance with claim 5, wherein the chlorine bleach is potassium dichloroisocyanurate.
• composition in accordance with claim 7, wherein the surface active agent is a C to C alkyl benzene sulfonate.
• a powdered bleaching composition consisting essentially of a chlorine bleaching agent capable of liberating chlorine ions in an aqueous medium, a chlorine resistant optical brightener of the sulfonate triazole class and a water soluble reducing salt readily oxidizable in an aqueous medium by said chlorine bleaching agent, said chlorine bleaching agent being present in an amount to provide in aqueous medium from 40 to 400 ppm available chlorine, said optical brightener being present in an amount to provide in aqueous medium 3 to 10 ppm thereof and said reducing salt being present in an amount from 5 to 25 percent of the Stoichiometric requirement for complete reaction with said bleaching agent, said reducing salt being more readily oxidizable by said chlorine bleaching agent than said brightener.

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Cited By (22)

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Citations (3)

• 1968
  • 1968-10-29 GB GB51195/68A patent/GB1241970A/en not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-29 FR FR1588744D patent/FR1588744A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-30 BE BE723134D patent/BE723134A/xx unknown
• 1970
  • 1970-12-28 US US102046A patent/US3706670A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (3)

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