US3706520A - Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US3706520A
US3706520A US173464A US3706520DA US3706520A US 3706520 A US3706520 A US 3706520A US 173464 A US173464 A US 173464A US 3706520D A US3706520D A US 3706520DA US 3706520 A US3706520 A US 3706520A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel gas
furnace
burner
air
supply line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US173464A
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner Grimm
Karl H Olschewski
Rolf E Sack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702042838 external-priority patent/DE2042838C/de
Application filed by Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Oil Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3706520A publication Critical patent/US3706520A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/005—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces wherein no smelting of the charge occurs, e.g. calcining or sintering furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An improved fuel gas burner for vertical shaft furnaces has separately controllable fuel and air supply means for controlling combustion in addition to primary fuel and air supply means for supplying the main portion of these combustion gases.
  • the present invention relates to an improved apparatus for heating shaft furnaces, for example limebuming shaft kilns, with fuel gas by means of one or more vertical burners which are arranged in the interior of the furnace shaft in the lower part thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a method of heating shaft furnaces by means of the said apparatus, in which the main portion of combustion air is passed for cooling purposes through the outer annular spaces of the burners and the hollow spaces of the burner supports, and is subsequently supplied to one or more outlet openings which are provided in known manner in the lower part of the furnace.
  • the basic problem underlying the invention is to provide an attractive construction for the combustion zone and to make it controllable to such an extent that it can be adapted to fluctuating operating conditions, such as the composition of the charge which varies according to lumpiness, moisture content, etc.
  • a separate line for supplying a controlled portion of the combustion air which flows into the interior of the furnace near the fuel gas outlet.
  • the vertical extension of the combustion zone can be considerably better controlled while nevertheless the risk of local overheating is avoided by incorporating in this last mentioned burner a second separate supply line and distribution chamber for a controlled portion of the fuel gas.
  • the three distribution chambers thus available are arranged in such a manner that the chamber for the main portion of fuel gas is in the lowest position, above which the chamber for the controlled portion of the combustion air is situated while the chamber for the remaining portion of the fuel gas stream is above the latter chambeLSuitably the distribution chambers are so constructed that the horizonta] planes, in which the outlet openings lie, are arranged approximately -150 mm one above the other.
  • the main portion of combustion air flows in a known manner at the lower end of the vertical burner, i.e. near the furnace bottom, into the furnace shaft.
  • one centrally arranged burner is no longer sufficient to ensure a uniform extension of the combustion zone over the entire cross-section area of the shaft.
  • three or more of the said burners, spaced across the shaft section, are combined to form one heating apparatus. In this case it is advantageous for the supply lines of the individual burners to remain separately controllable.
  • the burners of this voluminous apparatus are no longer arranged on the furnace bottom but on horizontal supports, which extend through furnace wall and furnace shaft.
  • the supports are designed as hollow box-like elements.
  • the lines for the main portion and the remaining portion of the fuel gas and the controlledportion of the combustion'air pass through the hollow space of the supports. It is advantageous to pass the main portion of combustion air through the hollow space round the lines, as a result of which the support is cooled.
  • the main portion of combustion air for each burner is supplied through the relevant line, passed in a known manner through the outer annular spaces of the burner and subsequently returned to the atmosphere through the hollow space of the support. Consequently, the customary outlet opening at the lower end of the burner when single burners are used is omitted; the outer annular space of the burner is contiguous with the hollow space of the support.
  • the burners can be operated consecutively with the same air stream (series connection); however, they are conveniently connected in parallel, either in groups or individually, the returning air streams then being combined. Outside the furnace these air streams are subsequently passed to one or more outlet openings which are provided in the furnace bottom and are covered in known manner with protective caps. If this procedure is followed, burners of smaller overall height will suffice. A corresponding arrangement of the supports will provide adequate space underneath the combustion zone, in which the completely burned charge is cooled by the combustion air rising from the furnace bottom.
  • FIG. 3 shows a hollow support in (vertical) cross-sec- IIOII.
  • the main portion of fuel gas enters at 4 and passes through the annular space between the tubes 5 and 8 to a distribution chamber 6 and through outlet openings 7 into the furnace shaft.
  • a portion of the combustion air passes via a connection 26 into the annular space between the tube 8 and a conduit 12, and enters a distribution chamber 9 from where it flows via its outlet openings 10 into the furnace shaft.
  • a portion of the fuel gas is introduced at 11 and passes through the conduit 12 into a distribution chamber 14 and flows out through an opening 15 thereof.
  • y are welded between the tubular shell 3 and the flange at the lower end thereof and also, sloping to the nearest wall, on the covers of the distribution chambers, in order to reinforce the construction.
  • the spaces between the connecting plates are filled with a fireproof ramming mass to form conical surfaces.
  • the reference numeral 17 designates the furnace wall with the fireproof inner lining.
  • Two hollow supports 18 are passed transversely through the furnace shaft and, within the furnace carry two burners 19 each.
  • This embodiment of the apparatus is preferred in that it reduces the free cross-sectional area of the shaft to a lesser extent than for instance a cross-shaped or a star-shaped arrangement of the supports.
  • the hollow support shown in F IG. 3 is formed from a double T-beam 20, side plates 21 and a cover plate 22. On the cover plate metal strips 23 form a ridge along which the downward moving furnace charge slides.
  • the supply lines provided in the hollow space are arranged concentrically, as shown in FIG. 1, and are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • An improved shaft-furnace fuel gas burner of the type having a central supply line and distribution chamber for a first portion of combustion air; an annular supply line and annular distribution chamber for fuel gas surrounding the central air supply line; and, surrounding the annular fuel gas supply line, an outer supply line comprising two adjacent, concentric annular passageways one surrounding the other for a second portion of combustion air, the two passageways being in fluid communication at the top portions thereof whereby air may be passed upwardly through the innermost of the passageways to cool the fuel gas in the annular fuel gas supply line and then downwardly away from the top of the burner to a point of combustion air introduction near the bottom of the furnace, the improvement comprising:
  • a method for heating vertical shaft furnaces with fuel gas comprising the steps of:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
US173464A 1970-08-28 1971-08-20 Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas Expired - Lifetime US3706520A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702042838 DE2042838C (de) 1970-08-28 Vorrichtung zur Beheizung von Schachtofen mit Heizgas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3706520A true US3706520A (en) 1972-12-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US173464A Expired - Lifetime US3706520A (en) 1970-08-28 1971-08-20 Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3706520A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS555002B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE771799R (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2107812B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1321952A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT988335B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045007A (en) * 1975-06-25 1977-08-30 Emile Sprunck Blast pipe for metallurgical converters
US4292274A (en) * 1980-08-04 1981-09-29 United Technologies Corporation Catalytic reactor with improved burner
US4403951A (en) * 1981-06-27 1983-09-13 Ulrich Beckenbach Shaft furnace for burning or firing and sintering material in lump form or pellet form and with an internal burner
US4407700A (en) * 1982-06-14 1983-10-04 Conoco Inc. Injector for calciner
US4533124A (en) * 1982-10-22 1985-08-06 Mecanarbed-Dommeldange S.A.R.L. Device for delivering gaseous and solid materials to a metal pool during a refining process
US4615895A (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-07 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Forced air/gas burner and baking oven incorporating same
US4786247A (en) * 1985-04-18 1988-11-22 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Method of lengthening the flame from a gas burner
USRE33374E (en) * 1985-04-18 1990-10-09 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Forced air/gas burner and baking oven incorporating same
US6019595A (en) * 1996-07-05 2000-02-01 Loesche Gmbh Burner
US6116049A (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-09-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Transportation Adiabatic expansion nozzle
US20090214989A1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-27 Larry William Swanson Method and apparatus for staged combustion of air and fuel
US20090230204A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2009-09-17 Poehner Michael Fuel-powered vehicle heating

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3147795A (en) * 1961-12-27 1964-09-08 Combustion Eng Burner utilizing an eddy plate for proper mixing of fuel and air
US3308869A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-03-14 Combustion Eng Liquid fuel burner for wide range of load
US3644076A (en) * 1969-05-08 1972-02-22 Shell Oil Co Liquid fuel burner

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3147795A (en) * 1961-12-27 1964-09-08 Combustion Eng Burner utilizing an eddy plate for proper mixing of fuel and air
US3308869A (en) * 1965-12-17 1967-03-14 Combustion Eng Liquid fuel burner for wide range of load
US3644076A (en) * 1969-05-08 1972-02-22 Shell Oil Co Liquid fuel burner

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045007A (en) * 1975-06-25 1977-08-30 Emile Sprunck Blast pipe for metallurgical converters
US4292274A (en) * 1980-08-04 1981-09-29 United Technologies Corporation Catalytic reactor with improved burner
US4403951A (en) * 1981-06-27 1983-09-13 Ulrich Beckenbach Shaft furnace for burning or firing and sintering material in lump form or pellet form and with an internal burner
US4407700A (en) * 1982-06-14 1983-10-04 Conoco Inc. Injector for calciner
US4533124A (en) * 1982-10-22 1985-08-06 Mecanarbed-Dommeldange S.A.R.L. Device for delivering gaseous and solid materials to a metal pool during a refining process
US4786247A (en) * 1985-04-18 1988-11-22 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Method of lengthening the flame from a gas burner
US4615895A (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-07 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Forced air/gas burner and baking oven incorporating same
USRE33374E (en) * 1985-04-18 1990-10-09 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Forced air/gas burner and baking oven incorporating same
US6019595A (en) * 1996-07-05 2000-02-01 Loesche Gmbh Burner
US6116049A (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-09-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Transportation Adiabatic expansion nozzle
US20090230204A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2009-09-17 Poehner Michael Fuel-powered vehicle heating
US20090214989A1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-27 Larry William Swanson Method and apparatus for staged combustion of air and fuel
US7775791B2 (en) * 2008-02-25 2010-08-17 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for staged combustion of air and fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2042838B2 (de) 1972-09-21
JPS555002B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-02-02
GB1321952A (en) 1973-07-04
FR2107812A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-12
IT988335B (it) 1975-04-10
DE2042838A1 (de) 1972-03-02
BE771799R (fr) 1972-02-28
FR2107812B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-01-16

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