US3701475A - Apparatus for treating human hair - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating human hair Download PDF

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Publication number
US3701475A
US3701475A US68452A US3701475DA US3701475A US 3701475 A US3701475 A US 3701475A US 68452 A US68452 A US 68452A US 3701475D A US3701475D A US 3701475DA US 3701475 A US3701475 A US 3701475A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shuttle
passages
cold water
jet ports
water
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US68452A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael John Neale
Henry Edward Gotch
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D19/00—Devices for washing the hair or the scalp; Similar devices for colouring the hair
    • A45D19/14—Closed washing devices, e.g. washing caps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S4/00—Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
    • Y10S4/09—Methods

Definitions

  • ..239/11, 4/159, 128/66, ofjet p which includesv 239 102 a body member having two sets of fluid passages 511 1m. (:1. ..B05b 1/14 which are adapted to communicate respectively 58 Field of Search ..,...239/11, 101, 102, 99, 444, 1 with sources of the w under Pressure;
  • the spray apparatus when intended to be used for hair treatment may be portable and designed to be hand-held or may be mounted as, for example, in a suitable cabinet.
  • a cabinet preferably defines a chamber within which the spray apparatus is mounted to direct alternate hot and cold water impulses onto the hair and scalp which are located in the chamber through an aperture in the cabinet and sealing means is provided in the aperture to form a seal between the head and cabinet.
  • the sealing means preferably comprises a flexible waterproof curtain carried by the cabinet which curtain has a boundary surface partly or wholly defining a hole within which the head can be located while in the aperture of the cabinet and in which the length .of the boundary surface is contractable or expandable to adjust the size of the hole to accommodate, and form a seal with, different head sizes.
  • both the above mentioned forms of failsafe means are incorporated in a hydraulic control system for the apparatus of the present invention in which case thecold water pressure both induces the flow of hot water to itsrespective set of fluid passages (and thereby to the jet ports) and also biases normally closed valve means to an open condition also in which hot water issupplied to its respective set of fluid passages so that if the supply or pressure of cold water fails, both the pressure and supply of hot water to the jet ports simultaneously fails.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a spray device constructed in accordance with the present invention and which is intended to spray alternate impulses of hot and cold water;
  • FIG. 2 is an axial section through the device in FIG. 1 which section is taken on the line II-Il of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 3 is a radial section taken on the line A-A of FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are axial sections through component parts of the device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are sections taken on the lines C--C and BB respectively of FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively;
  • FIG. 8 is an axial section to illustrate a modification to the device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is an axial section through a further embodiment of the invention and illustrates a spray device intended to spray alternate impulses of hot and cold water;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a cabinet within which the devices shown in FIGS. 1, 8 or 9 may be mounted for the treatment of hair and scalp and shows a convenient arrangement by which treatment may be applied to the hair of a human subject;
  • the spray device comprises a tubular shuttle 1 (see FIG. 2).which is cylindrical in form and is slidably mounted for axial movement on a sleeve 2a carried by a rod 2 through a pair of axially spaced flange members 3 and 4.
  • the flange members 3 and 4 are secured in annular rebates provided in.
  • each flange member has axially-extending holes 5.
  • the assembly comprising the shuttle 1 and flange members 3 and 4 are retained for sliding movement on the sleeve of the rod 2 between a pair of nuts 6 and 7 located on the rod 2 so that one end of the shuttle stroke is determined when the flange member 3 abuts the nut 6 and the other end is determined when the flange member 4 .abuts the nut 7.
  • the nuts 6 and 7 restrain the sleeve 2a against axial movement on the rod 2.
  • the shuttle l is slidably mounted within a cylindrical housing 8.
  • the ends of the housing 8 are closed by caps 9 and 10 which are in screw threaded and sealed engagement therewith.
  • the rod 2 (or an extension thereof) projects through an aperture in the cap 10 and is encircled by an annular flange 15 providedon the cap 10 on the side thereof remote from the shuttle l.
  • the rod 2 further projects through a securing nut 11 (which is in screw threaded engagement with the flange 15) to an adjustment knob 12.
  • the rod 2 is secured to the knob 12 between a shoulder 13a on the rod and nuts 13 screwed on the rod.
  • the rod 2 is inhibited from axial movement relative to the adjustment knob 12 but is free running in the knob 12 to be capable of axial rotation relative thereto.
  • the knob 12 is in screw threaded engagement with the securing nut 11 to be axially adjustable relative thereto.
  • the nut 11 houses an annular plunger 14 of rigid material.
  • the plunger 14 encircles the rod 2 and is axially slidable within the annular flange 15 which extends from the cap 10.
  • Located in the annular flange 15 between the cap 10 and plunger 14 is a sealing ring 16 which encircles the rod 2 so that, when the nut 11 is screwed into the flange 15, the plunger 14 compresses the sealing ring 16 thereby increasing its sealing effect. It will be apparent that screwed movement of the adjustment knob 12 on the nut 11 imparts axial displacement of the rod 2 relative to the end caps 9 and 10 (and thereby the housing 8).
  • Axial displacement of the nuts 6 and 7 by displacement of the rod 2 results in a change in the effective center of reciprocation for the shuttle 1 relative to the housing 8.
  • compression thereof by the nut 11 increases the degree of friction applied by the ring 16 to the rod 2 and thereby affords a convenient means of varying the feel to rotation of the adjustment knob 12.
  • a lock-nut (not shown) may be carried on the flange to lock the nut 11 at a required position.
  • v Provided in the external cylindrical surface of the shuttle l is an array of channels 17 which are axially spaced by lands 17a.
  • the channels 17 extend circumferentially around the shuttle 1 in radial planes thereof, are equally spaced and of the same widths axially where they communicate with the inner cylindrical surface of the housing 8.
  • the channels 17 define, with the inner cylindrical surface of the housing 8 an axial array of water passages which, for convenience of description, will be considered as two sets 18 and 19. As will be seen from FIG. 2 the water passages of the two sets are alternate throughout the axial array for reasons which will later become apparent.
  • O-ring seals are carried by'the shuttle 1 to provide liquid tight seals between adjacent water passages formed by the channels 17, such O-ring seals being located between the inner cylindrical surface of the housing 8 and the lands 17a on the shuttle between the channels.
  • the housing 8 is provided with an external coupling member 20 by which a hot water pipe 21 (see FIG. 3) is coupled in sealed manner to communicate with an aperture 22 provided in the wall of the housing 8.
  • the housing 8 is provided with a further external coupling member by which a cold water pipe 24 is coupled in sealed manner to communicate with an aperture 25 provided in the wall of the housing 8.
  • the apertures 22 and 25 are diametrically opposed.
  • each of the water passages in set 19 is sealed (for example by a plug insert 28a) from the recess 27 at the position where the recess 27 opens into each passage of set 19; however, each plug insert 28a is itself recessed to provide communication between water passages of the set 18 by way of the recess 27.
  • each of the water passages on set 18 is sealed by a plug insert (not shown) from the recess 26 at the position where the recess 26 opens into each passage of set 18; however, each of these plug inserts is itself recessed to provide communication between water passages of the set 19 by way of the recess 26.
  • the shuttle l is oriented in its housing 8 so that the hot pipe 21 is in constant communication through the aperture 22 I with the recess 26 and the cold pipe 24 is in constant communication through the aperture 25 with the recess 27. Consequently hot water is passed into the passages of set 19 and cold water is passed into the passages of set 18.
  • valve member 28 Housed in the shuttle l and axially slidable relative thereto is a tubular valve member 28 of cylindrical form.
  • the valve member 28 is axially slidable with the shuttle 1 relative to the rod 2 between the flange members 3 and 4 but is connected to the rod 2 by a pair of axially spaced spring or Belleville washers 29.
  • variable volume chambers X and Y Formed within the apparatus are two variable volume chambers X and Y.
  • the chamber X is defined between the opposed surfaces of the end cap 9 and the spring washer 29 which is adjacent thereto and the inner exposed surfaces of the valve member 28, shuttle 1 and housing 8 between the cap 9 and said washer 29.
  • the chamber Y is defined between the opposed surfaces of the end cap 10 and the adjacent spring washer 29 and the inner exposed surfaces of the valve member 28, shuttle 1 and housing 8 between the cap 10 and said washer.
  • the annular ends of the shuttle 1 are in constant communication with their respective chambers X and Y.
  • the ports 36a and 37a are controlled by the outer cylindrical surface of the valve member 28.
  • the axial length of the valve member 28 and its length of stroke between the flange members 3 and 4 is arranged so that at one end a stroke the port 37a is closed and the port 36a is open to chamber X, at the other end of a stroke port 36a is closed and port 37a is open to chamber Y and at no position does the valve member simultaneously close both ports 36a and 37a.
  • the channels 17 are at the inner surface of the housing 8, equally spaced and of the same axial width and the groups of jet ports are axially spaced in the housing by a distance approximately equal to double the axial width of a channel 17 and its adjacent land 17a measured axially on the inner surface of the housing.
  • ports and passages for controlling reciprocation of the shuttle 1 and valve member 28 and for passing water into the passages 18 and 19 have been omitted from FIG. 8, it being realized that the location, design and operation of such ports and passages will be apparent to a person skilled in the relevant art and having an understanding of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2. It should be borne in mind that ports which are intended to co-operate during operation of the apparatus must be capable of so doing for any angular position (between predetermined limits) of the shuttle with respect to the housing. In the construction shown in FIG. 8 only minor modification is necessary to the porting to supply water to the passages 18 and 19 since the valve member 28 will rotate with the shuttle 1 during adjustment.
  • a spring 70 Housed in the bore 57 and extending therefrom to abut the shuttle 1 in the cylindrical recess 53 is a spring 70.
  • the spring 70 is retained in the bore by a spigot .71 which is axially adjustable in the bore, as for example, by screw threaded engagement 72 with the piston rod 59.
  • the spring 70 biases the shuttle leftwardly in, and I relative to the housing 8 and it will be apparent that the biasing force may be varied by adjusting the compression on the spring between the end of the spigot 71 and the shuttle, such adjustment being effected by axial movement of the spigot in the bore 57.
  • the end cap 60 has a hot water imput conduit 73
  • the end cap 61 has a cold water imput conduit 74
  • the bore 56 is adapted to be connected to water pressure impulse generating means shown generally at 75.
  • the generating means 75 conveniently comprises a source of cold water under pressure which is intermittently opened by electromagnetic valve means to communicate with the bore 56 and the valve means, when closed, connects the bore 56 to a reservoir or sink (not shown).
  • the winding mechanism 84 conveniently comprises a manually rotatable shaft in the base part 76 to which the ends of the draw-string are attached so that rotation of the shaft in one direction draws in the string 88 and thereby contracts the length of the boundary surface 85 and expands the curtain 84 (thereby decreasing the size of the hole 86) and rotation of the shaft in the opposite direction feeds out the string 88 to permit the curtain 84 to contract and increase the size of the hole 86.
  • the drawstring 88 can be guided over suitably arranged pulley wheels or shaped surfaces in the cabinet and base part to control the direction in which the string is drawn.
  • the tank 101 is filled with water containing a required hair shampoo and the tank 96 filled with fresh water, the water in both tanks is heated to a predetermined temperature.
  • the subject whose hair is to be treated is positioned as shown in FIG. 10 and the head seal applied.
  • the pump 103 and valve 75' are now operated and operation of valve 75 causes the bore 56 to be continuously and alternately-connected to the conduit 97 and to exhaust or waste. Consequently shampoo water is drawn from the tank 101 by way of passages 101a and 102 and pumped into conduit 97 and into conduit 73.
  • the shampoo water pressure, through valve 75 provides the pressure impulse necessary to reciprocate the shuttle in spray device 49which inturn provides an impulsed spray of shampoo water through the jet ports onto the subjects hair by way of conduits 73 and 75.
  • the sprayed shampoo water passes through the filter 100 back to the tank 101 for recirculation. After a predetermined time period the pump 103 is stopped to discontinuethe shampoo wash. If required the valve 75 may be maintained in an inoperative condition so that the conduit 56 is open to exhaust or waste; in such case the jet ports only communicate with shampoo water in the conduit 74 and a continuous spray is achieved.
  • I have a temperature in the range of 0C to 15C.
  • conduit 73 At the end of a predetermined time period preferred temperature of the hot water is in the region of 50 to 60C while that of the cold water is in the region of 8 to 10C..
  • time period and temperature of each impulse of hot water must be carefully balanced with the time period and temperature of each impulse of cold water to ensure that the subjectis not scalded. It is desirable that any combination of time periods of each impulse of the hot. water and cold water shall be easily adjustable as required, ranging from a continuous hot water spray to a continuous cold waterspray.
  • the cold water impulse or impulses occupy from 40 to percent of the cycle time while the hot water impulse or impulses range from 5 to 60 percent of the cycle time.
  • the frequency of the cycle of hot and cold water impulses is adjustable and it has been determined that beneficial treatment results if this frequency is in the range of l0 to 180 cycles per minute thereby providing a range for the time period of each cycle of hot and cold water impulses of 6 seconds to is second.
  • the jet ports are situated in the treatment cabinet to be as close as convenient to the hair and scalp of the subject and provide jets of water the velocity of which is adjustable but is preferably in the range 10 to feet per second. To achieve such spray velocities the jet ports are preferably circular apertures the diameters of which lie in the range 0.005
  • the second of said sets comprising a second array of fluid passages and the fluid passages in the first array being alternately disposed with respect to the fluid passages in the second array;

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US68452A 1970-08-31 1970-08-31 Apparatus for treating human hair Expired - Lifetime US3701475A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6845270A 1970-08-31 1970-08-31
FR7032176A FR2060941A5 (OSRAM) 1970-08-31 1970-09-04

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FR (1) FR2060941A5 (OSRAM)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5346639A (en) * 1994-01-11 1994-09-13 Geoff Hatfield Spray dispensed shampoo

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5346639A (en) * 1994-01-11 1994-09-13 Geoff Hatfield Spray dispensed shampoo

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Publication number Publication date
FR2060941A5 (OSRAM) 1971-06-18

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