US3697725A - Heating apparatus with removable heating elements and shields - Google Patents

Heating apparatus with removable heating elements and shields Download PDF

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Publication number
US3697725A
US3697725A US140661A US3697725DA US3697725A US 3697725 A US3697725 A US 3697725A US 140661 A US140661 A US 140661A US 3697725D A US3697725D A US 3697725DA US 3697725 A US3697725 A US 3697725A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
vessel
cover
workpieces
heating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US140661A
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English (en)
Inventor
Irvin P Bielefeldt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Abar Ipsen Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Ikon Office Solutions Inc
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Assigned to ABAR IPSEN INDUSTRIES reassignment ABAR IPSEN INDUSTRIES ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALCO STANDARD CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum

Definitions

  • the heating elements and heat shields of a vacuum furnace are constructed as a unitary cartridge which may be removed easily from the outer vessel of the furnace to facilitate servicing of the heating elements wn time of the furnace.
  • This invention relates to a furnace for heating workpieces and, more particularly, to a furnace of the type which includes a vessel defining a chamber within which the workpieces are heated.
  • radiant heating elements for raising the temperature of the workpieces are disposed in the chamber and are positioned alongside heat shields for concentrating the radiated heat on the workpieces and for restricting heat losses through the walls of the vessel.
  • the general aim of the present invention is to provide a new and improved furnace of the above character in which the heating elements and heat shields may be cleaned and serviced in a quicker and easier manner than has been possible heretofore with prior furnaces of the same general type.
  • a related object is to provide a furnace which is subject to less down time in the event the heating elements malfunction ancl require repair or replacement.
  • a more detailed object is to achieve the foregoing by uniquely constructing the heating elements and the heat shields as a unitary cartridge which may be quickly pulled out of the vessel and dipped in a cleaning solution for the purpose of removing accumulated contaminants from the heating elements and heat shields.
  • the cartridge may be removed from the vessel and replaced with another cartridge even before the furnace has completely cooled thereby to enable operation of the furnace to be resumed quickly and to continue during servicing of the heating elements.
  • a further object is to provide, as part of the removable cartridge, mechanism for advancing the workpieces into and out of the furnace chamber.
  • the invention also resides in the novel construction of the cartridge and its manner of attachment to the vessel to close off and seal the heating chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of a new and improved furnace embodying the novel features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary cross-section taken through one of the cartridges and showing part of a carrier for the workpieces.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section taken vertically through the furnace illustrated in FIG. 1 and along a section line which progresses outwardly from the longitudinal center of the furnace as the section line proceeds from left to right along the furnace.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section taken substantially along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing the cartridge partially removed from the vessel.
  • the invention is embodied in a furnace 10 in which metal workpieces 11 (FIG. 1) are heated in the presence of a vacuum to prevent oxides from forming on the surfaces of the workpieces during heating.
  • the workpieces may comprise aluminum parts which are brazed together in the furnace while a quantity of magnesium is being vaporized in the furnace so as to enable the brazing to be achieved without the use of flux.
  • the workpieces 11 are held in carriers 13 (FIG. 1) which are adapted to be advanced into the furnace one-by-one and in end-to-end relation, each carrier being advanced sequentially into and stopped periodically in three identical heating chambers 14' (FIGS. 3 and 4) disposed end-to-end with one another.
  • the carriers are similar to those described in detail in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,609,295 and each comprises a rectangular window-like frame 15 (FIG. 1) supporting one or more shelves 16 upon which the workpieces rest-Shielding packs 17 (FIG. 2) are attached to the leading and trailing and the upper and lower sides of each carrier and, as explained fully in the aforementioned patent, help promote rapid and uniform heating of the workpieces when the latter are in the chambers.
  • each carrier 13 Prior to and during advancement into the first heating chamber 14, each carrier 13 is supported on an overhead track 19 (FIG. 1) which is disposed within a loading chamber (not shown) located at the left end of the first heating chamber.
  • a loading chamber not shown
  • several hangers 20 (FIG. 2) are attached to the upper side of each carrier and include horizontally extending axles 21 which journal small rollers 23 adapted to ride along the track.
  • the three heating chambers 14 are defined within three interconnected vessels 24 (FIG. 3) of rectangular cross-section and communicating with one another through open doorways or passageways 25 adjacent the ends of the center vessel.
  • a vacuum pump (not shown) communicates with the center vessel and is operable to establish a high order of vacuum within the heating chambers.
  • the latter are adapted to be sealed tightly by doors 26 housed within door modules 27 located at the outboard ends of the two end, the doors being positioned to close doorways 28 (FIG. 3) in the end vessels.
  • Heating of the workpieces 11 in each chamber 14 is effected radiantly by electric heating elements 29 (FIGS. 3 and 4) of the resistance type disposed within the chamber.
  • electric heating elements 29 FIGS. 3 and 4
  • heat shields 30 are disposed within each chamber and confine the radiated heat within the area of the workpieces.
  • the heating elements 29 and heat shields 30 within each vessel 24 are constructed as a unitary cartridge 31 (FIGS. 1 and 5) which may be pulled out of the vessel quickly and easily to enable cleaning and repairing of the heating elements and heat shields. Moreover, if the heating elements require extensive servicing, a spare cartridge may be installed in the vessel in place of the cartridge being serviced so as to enable continued operation of the furnace during the servicing period.
  • each cartridge 31 includes a main support which herein is advantageously constituted by a top cover plate 33 (FIG. 1) sized and shaped to close off a large rectangular opening 34 formed in the top wall 35 of each vessel 24.
  • the cover 33 overlies the top wall 35 and is fastened detachably to the latter by a series of bolts 36 (FIG. 2) which serve to draw the cover tightly against a sealing gasket 37 attached to the top wall.
  • each of the shields 30 includes upright side sections 41 (FIG. 4) disposed alongside the plates 39 and the side walls of the vessel 24, a bottom section 43 closely adjacent the bottom wall of the vessel, and top sections 44 positioned just above the carriers 13.
  • the heating elements 29 are in the form of vertically extending and horizontally spaced bars spaced inwardly from the inner sides of the side sections 41 of the shields 30 and positioned between the side sections and the carriers 13, there being several heating bars within each chamber 14 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the heating bars 29 in each chamber are connected both physically and electrically to upper and lower horizontally extending bus bars 47 which terminate just short of the passageways 25.
  • Each upper bus bar is suspended from conductive hangers 49 which project upwardly through the top sections 44 of the shields 30 and which are connected rigidly to electrical terminals 50 attached to the top cover 33 and adapted to be connected to a source of voltage for energizing the heating bars 29 by way of the bus bars 47.
  • Non-conductive bushings 51 (FIG. 4) are telescoped over the hangers 49 and electrically insulate the latter from the top sections 44 of the shields 30.
  • the heating bars 29 and the heat shields 30 in each vessel 24 are suspended entirely from the top cover 33 and are free from connection with the side walls of the vessel. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the heating bars, the heat shields and'the side plates 39 are located inwardly of the edges of the opening 34 in the top wall 35 of the vessel. Accordingly, by releasing the bolts 36 connecting the cover to the vessel, the cover may be removed from the vessel and, as an incident thereto, the heating bars and the heat shields may be pulled out of the vessel as a unit through the top opening 34 (see FIGS. 1 and 5).
  • the heating bars and heat shields thus being constructed as an easily removable and unitary cartridge 31, it is a relatively simple matter to gain access to the heating bars for the purpose of repairing the latter.
  • the cartridge 31 simply may be pulled out of the vessel 24 and dipped into a bath of cleaning solution in order to remove magnesium deposits and other foreign material accumulating on the heating bars and the heat shields during service use.
  • the cartridges will be handled by an overhead hoist or by a lift truck and will be immersed into the cleaning solution to a depth approximately level with the upper surfaces of the top sections 44 of the heat shields.
  • a further important advantage resulting from the construction of the heating bars 29 and the heat shields 30 as a unitary cartridge 31 is that the cartridge may be removed from the vessel 24 and replaced with a spare cartridge in the event time-consuming repairs or other servicing are needed. Accordingly, the furnace 10 is subject to less down time and, in addition, it is not necessary to wait for the furnace to cool off completely before switching the cartridges and thus only a comparatively brief interruption in the operation of the furnace occurs during the changeover.
  • each drive mechanism comprises an endless chain 63 (FIG. 2) trained around sprockets 64 and 65 which are fastened to shaft 66 and 67 joumaled by brackets 69 depending from the cover 33.
  • the chain carries a pair of spaced dogs 70 located to sequentially engage different ones of the axles 21 on the carriers 13 as the chain is driven by a motor 71. Each time one of the motors is energized, one of the dogs 70 on the associated chain 63 advances the carrier until the latter is picked up by one of the dogs on the chain in the succeeding vessel 24.
  • each drive motor 71 is supported on top of the associated cover 33 so as to be protected from the heat in the chamber 14 and to avoid immersion of the motor into the cleaning solution when the lower end portion of the cartridge 31 is dipped into the solution to clean the heating elements 29 and heat shields 30.
  • a gear box 73 (FIG. 2) mounted on top of the cover connects the motor to a vertical shaft 74 extending through the cover and connected by bevel gears 75 to the shaft 67 in order to rotate the sprocket 65 and drive the chain 63 when the motor is energized.
  • a vessel having a series of walls defining a work chamber, said vessel having doorways in the ends thereof to accommodate movement of the workpieces into one end of the chamber and out of the other end of the chamber, an opening in the top wall of said vessel, a cover supported on said vessel and closing said opening, a series of electric radiant heating elements suspended from said cover and disposed within said chamber for heating workpieces in the chamber, heat shields suspended from said cover and disposed within said chamber for concentrating the heat from said heating elements on the workpieces and for restricting heat loss through said walls, and means detachably connecting said cover to said vessel whereby said heating elements and said heat shields may be pulled out of said chamber as a unit as an incident to removing said cover from said vessel.
  • a furnace as defined in claim 1 further including carriers for supporting the workpieces in said chamber during heating, and drive mechanism for advancing said carriers into and out of said chamber, said drive mechanism being supported on said cover and being removable from said vessel as a unit with said cover, said heating elements and said heat shields.
  • said drive mechanism comprises a motor supported on the upper side of said cover, a carrier advancing device disposed below and supported by said cover, and means projectthereof to accommodate movement of the workpieces into and out of the chamber and having a passageway alined with the doorways to permit movement of the workpieces through the chamber between the doorways, an opening in the top wall of said vessel a cartridge fitted at least partially into said chamber through said opening, said cartridge comprising (a) a cover supported on said vessel and closing said opening, (b) a series of electric heating elements connected to said cover and disposed within said chamber for heating workpieces in the chamber and (c) heat shields connected to said cover and disposed within said chamber for concentrating the heat from said heating elements on the workpieces and for restricting heat loss through said walls, and means releasably connecting said cover to said vessel whereby the cover may be detached from the vessel and, as an incident to removing the cover from the vessel, said heating elements and said heat shields may be pulled out of said chamber through

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US140661A 1971-05-06 1971-05-06 Heating apparatus with removable heating elements and shields Expired - Lifetime US3697725A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14066171A 1971-05-06 1971-05-06

Publications (1)

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US3697725A true US3697725A (en) 1972-10-10

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Family Applications (1)

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US140661A Expired - Lifetime US3697725A (en) 1971-05-06 1971-05-06 Heating apparatus with removable heating elements and shields

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3697725A (de)
JP (1) JPS5213164B1 (de)
AU (1) AU446487B2 (de)
CA (1) CA947068A (de)
DE (1) DE2220122C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1331214A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2305703A1 (fr) * 1975-03-25 1976-10-22 Secr Defence Brit Four electrique d'impregnation
FR2405779A1 (fr) * 1977-10-12 1979-05-11 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Four pour le brasage de l'aluminium
US4530276A (en) * 1980-01-28 1985-07-23 A. J. Antunes & Co. Contact toaster
US5255596A (en) * 1990-05-23 1993-10-26 Germos-Fessmann Gmbh & Co Kg System for processing products, in particular food
US5339727A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-08-23 Gfrmos-Fessmann Gmbh & Co Kg Product processing system
US5586488A (en) * 1995-10-03 1996-12-24 Americorp Inc. Portable pizza oven
US5983785A (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-11-16 Merco/Savory, Inc. Contact toaster with infinite adjustment
US6072159A (en) * 1998-11-09 2000-06-06 Eaton Corporation Draw-out heater service module and switchgear incorporating same
US6207931B1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2001-03-27 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Method for the heat treatment of workpieces
US20040123462A1 (en) * 2001-03-23 2004-07-01 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Hollow construction element
US7231871B1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2007-06-19 Wegra Beheer B.V. Baking apparatus and method for baking edible products

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2522558A (en) * 1946-12-21 1950-09-19 Maria De Reitzes Marienwert Cooking utensil
US2535379A (en) * 1944-12-30 1950-12-26 Mullins Mfg Corp Electric cooking unit
US2664490A (en) * 1949-12-29 1953-12-29 Tropic Aire Inc Broiler griddle mounting means
US2688685A (en) * 1951-10-29 1954-09-07 Paul H Goodell Sheath-resistance heater and panel supporting structures therefor which are built into heating devices
US2964389A (en) * 1958-08-15 1960-12-13 Titanium Metals Corp Apparatus for determination of oxygen in metals
US3160693A (en) * 1962-04-26 1964-12-08 Titanium Metals Corp Furnace for determining melting points of metals
US3263015A (en) * 1963-11-07 1966-07-26 Abar Corp Heating elements for high vacuum furnaces
US3327041A (en) * 1964-04-30 1967-06-20 Sylvania Electric Prod Radiant heat reflecting device
US3609295A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-09-28 Alco Standard Corp Heating apparatus with workpiece carriers

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535379A (en) * 1944-12-30 1950-12-26 Mullins Mfg Corp Electric cooking unit
US2522558A (en) * 1946-12-21 1950-09-19 Maria De Reitzes Marienwert Cooking utensil
US2664490A (en) * 1949-12-29 1953-12-29 Tropic Aire Inc Broiler griddle mounting means
US2688685A (en) * 1951-10-29 1954-09-07 Paul H Goodell Sheath-resistance heater and panel supporting structures therefor which are built into heating devices
US2964389A (en) * 1958-08-15 1960-12-13 Titanium Metals Corp Apparatus for determination of oxygen in metals
US3160693A (en) * 1962-04-26 1964-12-08 Titanium Metals Corp Furnace for determining melting points of metals
US3263015A (en) * 1963-11-07 1966-07-26 Abar Corp Heating elements for high vacuum furnaces
US3327041A (en) * 1964-04-30 1967-06-20 Sylvania Electric Prod Radiant heat reflecting device
US3609295A (en) * 1970-07-01 1971-09-28 Alco Standard Corp Heating apparatus with workpiece carriers

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2305703A1 (fr) * 1975-03-25 1976-10-22 Secr Defence Brit Four electrique d'impregnation
FR2405779A1 (fr) * 1977-10-12 1979-05-11 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Four pour le brasage de l'aluminium
US4530276A (en) * 1980-01-28 1985-07-23 A. J. Antunes & Co. Contact toaster
US5255596A (en) * 1990-05-23 1993-10-26 Germos-Fessmann Gmbh & Co Kg System for processing products, in particular food
US5339727A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-08-23 Gfrmos-Fessmann Gmbh & Co Kg Product processing system
US5586488A (en) * 1995-10-03 1996-12-24 Americorp Inc. Portable pizza oven
US6207931B1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2001-03-27 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Method for the heat treatment of workpieces
US5983785A (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-11-16 Merco/Savory, Inc. Contact toaster with infinite adjustment
US6072159A (en) * 1998-11-09 2000-06-06 Eaton Corporation Draw-out heater service module and switchgear incorporating same
US7231871B1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2007-06-19 Wegra Beheer B.V. Baking apparatus and method for baking edible products
US20070264396A1 (en) * 2000-02-10 2007-11-15 Wegra Beheer B.V.. Baking apparatus and method for baking edible products
US7897188B2 (en) 2000-02-10 2011-03-01 Wegra Beheer B.V. Baking apparatus and method for baking edible products
US20040123462A1 (en) * 2001-03-23 2004-07-01 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Hollow construction element
US7721443B2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2010-05-25 International Rectifier Corporation Method for producing a vehicle axle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4075972A (en) 1974-01-03
DE2220122B2 (de) 1975-03-13
GB1331214A (en) 1973-09-26
AU446487B2 (en) 1974-03-07
DE2220122C3 (de) 1975-10-30
JPS5213164B1 (de) 1977-04-12
CA947068A (en) 1974-05-14
DE2220122A1 (de) 1972-11-16

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ABAR IPSEN INDUSTRIES, 905 PENNSYLVANIA BLVD., FEA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALCO STANDARD CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004377/0588

Effective date: 19850312