US3694943A - Plurimillenary automatic universal calendar having time division reproducing scales of a slidable type - Google Patents

Plurimillenary automatic universal calendar having time division reproducing scales of a slidable type Download PDF

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US3694943A
US3694943A US1832A US3694943DA US3694943A US 3694943 A US3694943 A US 3694943A US 1832 A US1832 A US 1832A US 3694943D A US3694943D A US 3694943DA US 3694943 A US3694943 A US 3694943A
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scale
scales
year
support
indicia
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Domenico De Filippo
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09D—RAILWAY OR LIKE TIME OR FARE TABLES; PERPETUAL CALENDARS
    • G09D3/00—Perpetual calendars
    • G09D3/04—Perpetual calendars wherein members bearing the indicia are movably mounted in the calendar

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  • Lobato ABSTRACT A plurimillenary universal calendar comprising a support carrying one or more symbol scales for time periods, as well as a plurality of members slidable relative to the support, on each of which are placed one or more scales of other symbols of time periods, wherein each scale comprises subdivisions which are geometrically equal to one another and to those on the other scales, and being the calendar structurally set on the basis of an ideal year beginning on March 1st and ending on February 28th or 29th, on its scale each symbol is spaced apart from the chronologically preceding symbol by as many subdivisions as the week days passing between the beginnings of the two time periods to which said symbols are related.
  • the calendar according to the present invention provides a plurality of number carrying scales showing the days of the month, centuries, decennia, year units, and a plurality of mark carrying scales showing the days of the week and months of the year.
  • the present invention relates to a plurimillenary universal calendar comprising a support carrying one or more scales for time period symbols, as well as a plurality of members slidable with respect to the support, on each of which one or more scales for further time period symbols are placed, characterized in that each scale comprises subdivisions which are geometrically equal to one another and to those in the other scales, and in at, being the calendar structurally set on the basis of an ideal year beginning on March lst and ending on February 28th or 29th, each symbol is spaced on its scale with respect to the chronologically preceding symbol by as many subdivisions as the week days passing between the beginnings of the two time periods, to which such symbols are relates.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the support
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are views showing the scales for the days of the month, months, centuries and decennia, respectively;
  • FIG. 2a is a perspective view of the slidable member carrying the scale for the days of the month;
  • FIG. 5 is a view for a scale carrying numbers showing the years within about a period of years
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first modified embodiment for the calendar according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7, 8, 9, l0 and 11 are views showing the scales for the days of a week, days of a month, months, centuries and decennia, and year units, respectively;
  • FIGS. 12, 12a and 12b are front, rear and side sectional views, respectively, for a second modified embodiment of the calendar according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 13, 13a and 13b are front, rear and side sectional views, respectively, of the supporting disc
  • FIGS. 14, 14a and 14b are front, rear and side sectional views, respectively, of a first member rotatable with respect to the support;
  • FIGS. 15, 15a and 15b are front, rear and side sectional views, respectively, of a second member rotatable on the support;
  • FIGS. 16, 16a .and 16b are front, rear and side sectional views, respectively, of a third member rotatable on the support;
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 are front and rear perspective views, respectively, for a modified embodiment of the calendar according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 20 and 22 are front and rear perspective viewed, respectively, for a first slider which is slidable within the support;
  • FIGS. 19 and 23 are front and rear perspective views, respectively, for a second slider which is slidable within the support;
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view for a slider which is slidable within the first slider
  • FIGS. 24 and 25 are fragmentary front and rear perspective views, respectively, for the supportand first slider which is slidable therein; and 1 FIG. 26 is a perspective view for a slider which is slidable within the support.
  • the calendar according to the present invention has an annular validity, i.e., once set (as better explained hereinafter) it will be valid throughout the year being involved.
  • the calendar according to the present invention comprises a board-shaped support 101 having three guides 102, 103 and 104 on its not shown side.
  • support 101 On its shown side, support 101 has a horizontal aperture 105 centrally of said side. On a horizontal edge thereof, said aperture 105 carries words indicating the periods of time as related by the symbols of the scales associated therewith.
  • support 101 comprises two stationary scales 106 and 107 for the days of a week and year units, respectively.
  • scale 106 is comprised of a column having seven lines. On each of these lines, a mark is shown as corresponding to a day of the week, starting from Monday and exactly as shown in the following table Mark Day LU Monday MA Tuesday ME Wednesday GI Thursday VE Friday SA Saturday DO Sunday Scale 107 is comprised of four columns, each of which having seven lines.
  • scale 107 (as well as the others to be shown hereinafter) is substantially a squared division. To this end, each square, containing or not a symbol (mark, number or digit), will be indicated by the term pigeon-hole.”
  • a first slider 108 carrying a scale 109 is shown.
  • This scale is comprised of six columns and thirteen lines and on its pigeon-holes carries numbers from 1 to 31 representing the days of the month, as well as a reference arrow for the righthand adjacent scale.
  • slider 108 has guides 110 for insertion thereof into guides 102, thus being slidable with respect to support 101.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a second slider 111 carrying a scale 112 which is comprised of two columns, each having thirteen lines.
  • FIG. 4 shows the century scale 113 and decennium scale 114 as carried by a same slider 11$.
  • the century scale is comprised of eight columns, each having thirteen lines, on the pigeon-holes of which numbers from to 30 are shown, indicating the centuries from 0 to the thirtieth (in other terms, from year 0 to year 3,000).
  • the decennium scale is comprised of
  • the structure of sliders 111 and 115 will be the same as that for slider 108, i.e., they will also be provided with guides for insertion thereof into support 101.
  • said three sliders 108, 111 and 115 will be slidable within guides 102, 103 and 104, respectively, relative to support 101, this afiording the mutual positioning for the several scales described.
  • FIG. 5 shows a scale 116 comprised of four columns, each having seven lines. On its pigeon-holes, numbers from 65 to 87 are shown, the first digit in each number indicating the tens and the second the units of the years being involved.
  • This scale can replace the year unit scale, as explained in the disclosure for the operation of the calendar according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6, wherein a modified embodiment of the present invention is shown. More particularly, this calendar is still a fmonthly calendar.
  • the calendar as provided, comprises a cylindrical support 117, having-on its surface laterally of the two slightly increased diameter ends a first scale 118 for the days of the week and a second scale 119 for year units.
  • the calendar also comprises a first sleeve 120 rotatable on support 117, adjacent scale 118 for the days of the week, and carrying the scale l21 for the days of the month.
  • a second sleeve 124 adjacent the former and carrying the scale 122 for the months, is rotatably mounted on support 117.
  • a third sleeve 125 also rotatable on support 117, is interposed between sleeve 124 and that increased diameter end carrying scale 119 for the year units.
  • Sleeve 125 carries the century scale 123 and the decennium scale 126. All of the scales as referred to on account of the calendar provided with a cylindrical support are shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11.
  • scales 121,122, 123 and 126 are comprised of seven lines instead of the thirteen lines as in scales 109, 112, 113 and 114. The difference is only apparent, since the former are provided by the latter by simply removing the first three and last three lines, identical to the eigth, ninth and tenth lines and to the fourth, fifth and sixth lines, respectively.
  • a scale is structurally derived from a basic scale (such as the scales shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10), by merely approaching the last and first lines of two basic scales.
  • the movement of a digit, number or mark on one line, of any number of pigeon-holes, will not atfect either the validity or the setting of a scale.
  • the only symbol afi'ecting the structure of a scale are those for symbols moving along a column.
  • FIGS. 12 and a are front and rear views, respectively, of said modified embodiment.
  • This embodiment comprises a supporting disc 127 (FIGS. 13, 13a and 13b) having on its shown side the scale 128 for the days of the month, a small aperture 129 formed as a sector arc, acting as a reference, and a notch 130 also formed as a sector arc.
  • FIGS. 15, 15a and 15b show a first disc-shaped member 131 which is rotatable about a pin 132 carried by the supporting disc 127. On its side 133, adjacent the supporting disc 127, this member 131 has the month scale 135 while at the opposite side it has a circular projection 134.
  • Member 131 has a radial projection 136 provided with a reference arrow on the side adjacent the supporting disc 127
  • this member On its side intended to be exposed through notch 130 of supporting disc 127, this member carries the scale 138 for the days of the week and on at side opposite the former the scale 139 for the year units.
  • a third member 140 is shown in FIGS. 16, 16a and 16b.
  • This member is in the form of a disc and rotatable about pin 132 carried by the supporting disc 127.
  • the century scale 141 is provided with subdivisions so connected to the edge as to be involved by the reference arrow carried the first rotatable member 131, and the decennium scale 142 along the outer circumferential edge.
  • the diameter of this member 140 is less than that of the sector-shaped member 137, so that the scale of year units 139 will be exposed.
  • the calendar scales according to the last-mentioned modified embodiment only formally differ from those of the other two embodiment as previously described. Thus, it is possible to pass from one to another scale by applying the two following principles l. on any scale each symbol can be moved or repeated on the same scale at a spacing of seven pigeonholes, or at a spacing of a multiple of seven pigeon-hole number, still moving along the columns;
  • the respective positions for the scales as provided on the same support can be changed by sliding the scales relative to one another, as well as the reference arrows on the respective scales can be otherwise placed, provided that, as a whole, all of the movements being effected will compensate one another and will not cause any change in the position of the scale for the days of the month relative to that for the days of the week, the composition for the number of a year and setting for a month being unaltered and accomplished as described in the following.
  • scale 121 (FIG. 8) is identical to scale 128 I (FIG. 12).
  • the reference arrow has been replaced by the small aperture 129.
  • Scale 118 is equivalent to scale 138 in accordance with the first principle as above disclosed.
  • the month scale 122 (FIG. 9) is equivalent to scale 135 (FIG. 15) in accordance with the first principle and reminding that a symbol may be moved along one line without affecting thestructure of a scale. It is in this manner that the two straight columns of scale 122 in FIG. 9 become a single circular column for scale 135 in FIG. 15.
  • Scale 123 in FIG. 10 is equivalent to scale 141 in FIG. 12a, while the above disclosure in connection with scales 122 and 135 applies to scales 126 and 119 with respect to scales 142 and 139 which are equivalent thereto.
  • FIGS. 17 26 the calendar according to the present invention will be described in the following in its annual embodiment.
  • This embodiment comprises a board support 143, internally having a plurality of guides for inserting such sliding members as hereinafter described.
  • this support 143 On the front side of this support 143 there are ten squares 144 and two squares 145 corresponding to the 12 months in a year.
  • each square 144 or 145 On the upper horizontal edge of each square 144 or 145, a wording MA is provided, indicating that month said square is relating to.
  • Squares 144 relate to the months from March to December and comprise corresponding stationary tables or scales 146, showing the days of week on five columns and seven lines.
  • Squares 145 relating to January and February have an aperture of the same size as said squares 145.
  • squares 144 On the lefthand side of the month days scale 146, squares 144 have an aperture 147 of the same size as that of a column.
  • the rear side of support 143 has a single shaped aperture, formed of two approached rectangles 148 and 149, the sides of which are parallel to those of support 143 (FIG. 18).
  • rectangle 148 On its lower edge, rectangle 148 carries wordings R indicating the centuries, decennia and years units, and on its upper horizontal edge the wording S indicating the year being involved.
  • rectangle 149 On its lower horizontal edge, rectangle 149 carries the wordings T indicating the centuries, decennia and year units, and on its upper horizontal edge the wording Z indicating the year preceding the year being involved.
  • a first slider 150 isshown slidable within a guide 151 of support 143.
  • This slider comprises also two guides l52and 157 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday These scales are intended to appear through apertures 147 in squares 144 and 145.
  • a scale 155 for year units is placed and shown on enlarged scale in FIG. 22.
  • This scale is intended to appear through the rear aperture 148 of support 143 at the year units for the year being involved. It is derived from scale 107 by adding three lines at the beginning and three lines at the end, as above explained. Therefore, this scale is equivalent to scale 107.
  • slider 150 On its rear side, slider 150 also comprises a reference arrow for the century scale of the preceding year.
  • a second slider 156 is shown in FIG. 21 and slidable within the guide 157 of slider 150.
  • This slider carries the century scale 158 and decennium scale 159 intended to appear through the aperture 149 of support 143 corresponding to the centuries and decennia for the year preceding the year being involved.
  • FIGS. 19 and 23 a third slider 160 is shown. It is slidable between support 143 and slider 150 and on its front side carries two scales 161 for January and February which are the same as scales 146 (with the exception of February scale which has 29 days). Further, this slider 160 is formed with two notches 160 so as to provide along with support 143 two apertures 147a of a same size as a column, and similar to apertures 147. On its rear side, slider 160 carries the year unit scale 162 intended to appear through the aperture 149 of support 143 at the year units for the year preceding the year being involved. As seen from FIG. 23, this scale is enlarged and inverted with respect to scale 107.
  • a fourth slider 164 is shown in FIG. 26. This slider is slidable within guide 165 of support 143 and carries the century scale 166 and decennium scale 167 intended to ear through aperture 148 at the centuries and decennia for the year being involved.
  • scales 166 and 167 are identical to scales 113 and 114 and, finally, that sliders 164, 160, 156 and 150 are provided with notches 168, 169, 170 and 171, respectively, for positioning thereof.
  • Scale 114 is caused to slide relative to scale 107 until the digit showing the decennium for the year being involved (provided or not with a point) is on the same line as the unit digit for the year being involved (provided or not with a point). Thus, scale 113 will be automatically positioned by being fast with scale 114.
  • Scale 112 is caused to slide until bringing on he same line its reference arrow and number showing the century for the year involved of scale 113.
  • Scale 109 is caused to slide until bringing its reference arrow on the same line as for the month of the year being involved.
  • the calendar for the month of the year being involved is automatically set for reading.
  • a reference arrow is marked on the rear side of disc 131, outwardly radially at one of symbols CT on the front side; the numbers for the year units are removed from the rear side of member 137, replacing it with the columns of scale 116, as arranged under one another, starting by number 65 which is to be marked on a pigeon-hole on the back side of which the symbol LU (MO) is marked and continuing in the direction to the pigeon-hole, on the back side of which the symbol MA (TU) is marked.
  • the straight slider calendar may be made more compact by using also its rear side.
  • the year unit scale 107 is carried on the rear side of the week day scale and slider 115 carrying the century and decennium scales 113 and 114 is placed on the rear side of the calendar by means of suitable grooves wherein said slider can slide.
  • the arrow on the support for the month scale is made visible from the rear side of the calendar.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 the operation will now be described for an annual embodiment of the calendar.
  • this embodiment results from the straight slider monthly embodiment, and this for construction and clarity reasons.
  • Scale 166 is caused to slide until bringing the line showing the number for the century of the year being involved at the arrow carried by support 143.
  • Scale is caused to slide until bringing the digit indicating the unit for the year being involved (provided or not with a point) on the same line as that (provided or not with a point) indicating the decennium for the year being involved.
  • Scale 158 is caused to slide until bringing the line with the number for the century of the year preceding that being involved at the arrow carried by slider 150.
  • Scale 162 is caused to slide until bringing the digit indicating the unit for the year preceding that being involved (provided or not with a point) on the same line as that indicating (provided or not with a point) the decennium for the year preceding that being involved.
  • the annual calendar for the year being involved has been automatically set on the front side of the calendar according to the present invention.
  • the week day scale 118 is the scale which may be defined as reference scale.
  • each symbol on the remaining scales is spaced apart on its scale with respect to the chronologically preceding symbol by as many pigeon-holes (numbered along the columns) as the week days passing between the beginnings of the two time periods to which said symbols are related.
  • the structure for the month day scale 121 will be apparent.
  • any one day and the chronologically preceding day may be referred to as any two consecutive days of the week.
  • the structure is checked for scale 122, where the marks indicating any two months are interspaced by as many pigeon-holes as the week day passing between the first day of the first month and the first day of the second month.
  • the following table shows some examples (referring to year 1969) and associated pigeon-holes, the symbols of which are spaced apart from one another.
  • the calendar according to the present invention is structurally set on an ideal year beginning on March 1st and ending on February 28th or 29th. Particularly, three pigeon-holes pass between January and February, since January has 31 days.
  • February 28th or 29th of a determined year are in the calendar according to the invention the last day of the year preceding the one being involved and March 1st is the first day of the year being involved.
  • a digit indicating a decennium provided or not with a mark is associated with a digit for the year unit provided or not with a mark.
  • Numbers from 1 to 15, relating to Julian calendar, are continuously subsequent, or do not leave any empty pigeon-holes, whereas numbers from 15 to 30, relating to Gregorian calendar, follow this rule on passing from a number to the next, a pigeon-hole is skipped, except in the case where the number is a multiple of four and the preceding one, which occupy two successive pigeon-holes.
  • the Gregorian reform was introduced later than 1582 for example, it was introduced in Great Britain in 1751, in Russia in 1918 and in Greece in 1923.
  • the century scale 123 has to undergo an obvious slight modification the first portion has to be extended beyond number 15, following the rule of the Julian period, to the number indicating the century in which the reform was adopted and, in the second portion, the numbers are to be suppressed from 15 to that preceding the number corresponding to the century in which the reform was introduced.
  • a year within the validity period of this calendar may have a varying number of digits from 1 to 4.
  • the last righthand digit is the year units, the last but one is the decennium, whereas the number formed of the remaining digits is the century. Where the year has two digits, the century number is zero, and where is has only one digit, both the century and decennium digits are zero.
  • the calendar can be accommodated to any article.
  • the calencard may be a pen or pencil body. It may also form an element in a writing-table service. It is to be noted that it may be made of any material according to requirements, such as wood, plastics, pasteboard, metal or the like.
  • a plurirnillenary universal calendar comprising a support and a plurality of scales on said support, each of said scales comprising a member and indicia disposed thereon in at least one column each of which has at least seven equal geometrical divisions providing spaces between said divisions, said scales comprising:
  • a first scale having indicia 0 to 9 representing units of years arranged in spaces in four columns, each indicia being duplicated and appearing in two different columns and selected spaces being vacant,
  • said second scale adjacent said first scale and movable relative thereto in a column-wise direction, said second scale having indicia 0 to 9 representing tens of years arranged in spaces in two columns with selected spaces vacant,
  • a fourth scale adjacent and movable relative to said third scale and having 12 indicia representing months of the year arranged in two columns and an index adjacent said third scale for positioning said fourth scale in selected position relative to the third scale
  • fifth scale adjacent and movable relative to said fourth scale and having indicia from 1 to 31 representing the days of the month arranged in numerical order in five columns and an index adjacent said fourth scale for selectively positioning said fifth scale relative to said fourth scale
  • a sixth scale adjacent said fifth scale and stationary relative to said first scale and having indicia representing the days of the week arranged sequentially in one column
  • said second scale being movable relative to the first scale to set the desired tens in alignment with the unit of desired year
  • the fourth scale being movable relative to the third scale to set the index of said fourth scale in alignment with the century of the desired year
  • the fifth scale being movable relative to the fourth scale to set the index of said fifth scale in alignment with the desired month on said fourth scale, whereby the days of the week are brought into proper alignment with the days of the month for the selected month and year.
  • a calendar according to claim 1 in which selected indicia of said first and second scales have identifying characteristics, the indicia of said second scale having such identifying characteristics being aligned with indicia of said first scale having like identifying characteristics in setting said second scale relative to said first scale.

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US1832A 1969-01-13 1970-01-09 Plurimillenary automatic universal calendar having time division reproducing scales of a slidable type Expired - Lifetime US3694943A (en)

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IT4910169 1969-01-13
IT4912469 1969-10-25

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US3694943A true US3694943A (en) 1972-10-03

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US (1) US3694943A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA920359A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH536009A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2000957A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2028200A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1301721A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7000465A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6826857B1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-12-07 Anders Bachmann Perpetual calendar
US7481012B1 (en) 2006-11-15 2009-01-27 William Carr Servoss Perpetual calendar system and method of use thereof

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3800454A (en) * 1972-04-12 1974-04-02 P Anderson Perpetual calendar and method of determining days of week from calendar dates
FR2520139A1 (fr) * 1982-01-15 1983-07-22 Ignace Lucien Calendrier perpetuel a cycles solaires
DE3439529A1 (de) * 1984-10-29 1986-04-30 Jochen 7900 Ulm Claussen-Finks Variabler monatskalender mit wochentagsangaben
GB2173021B (en) * 1985-03-28 1989-06-28 Alvi Salimul Hassan Calendar apparatus and method
GB2178560A (en) * 1985-07-08 1987-02-11 Tan Hua Yong Perpetual calendars
GB2183372A (en) * 1985-11-21 1987-06-03 Nicholas Stewart Hunt Perpetual monthly calendar
DE29914907U1 (de) 1998-10-01 2000-01-05 Vejmola, Stanislav, Praha Ewiger Kalender

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1611538A (en) * 1926-12-21 Perpetual calendar
US2299698A (en) * 1941-02-12 1942-10-20 Jedwabnik Calendar for pencil cases
US2421513A (en) * 1944-11-14 1947-06-03 Algot T Lofstrom Recording device, including rotatable number carrying rings
US2577259A (en) * 1949-09-23 1951-12-04 Millington John Pencil calendar
US3109251A (en) * 1961-07-03 1963-11-05 Central Coil Co Inc Mechanical mileage recorder

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1611538A (en) * 1926-12-21 Perpetual calendar
US2299698A (en) * 1941-02-12 1942-10-20 Jedwabnik Calendar for pencil cases
US2421513A (en) * 1944-11-14 1947-06-03 Algot T Lofstrom Recording device, including rotatable number carrying rings
US2577259A (en) * 1949-09-23 1951-12-04 Millington John Pencil calendar
US3109251A (en) * 1961-07-03 1963-11-05 Central Coil Co Inc Mechanical mileage recorder

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6826857B1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-12-07 Anders Bachmann Perpetual calendar
US7481012B1 (en) 2006-11-15 2009-01-27 William Carr Servoss Perpetual calendar system and method of use thereof

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GB1301721A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-04
NL7000465A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-07-15
FR2028200A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-09
CH536009A (it) 1973-04-15
CA920359A (en) 1973-02-06
DE2000957A1 (de) 1970-07-23

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