US3689815A - Method of switching a direct-current motor of a washing machine - Google Patents

Method of switching a direct-current motor of a washing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3689815A
US3689815A US71967A US3689815DA US3689815A US 3689815 A US3689815 A US 3689815A US 71967 A US71967 A US 71967A US 3689815D A US3689815D A US 3689815DA US 3689815 A US3689815 A US 3689815A
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United States
Prior art keywords
motor
switching means
timer
speed
switching
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Expired - Lifetime
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US71967A
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English (en)
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Yves Albert Daniel Thibaut
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • D06F37/304—Arrangements or adaptations of electric motors
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/06—Timing arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof

Definitions

  • the arrangement may be used in washing machines equipped with direct-current motors which permit of starting the spinning operation either with the tub filled or with the tub empty.
  • This invention relates to a device for switching a direct-current motor intended for driving a drum of a washing machine at a low washing speed in two directions of'rotation and at a high spin-drying speed in one direction of rotation.
  • a timer which determines the sequence and the durations of the various operations
  • a reversing switch is provided which includes switching means for the electric supply of the motor, both for switching to the low washing speed in two directions of rotation and for switching to the high spin-drying speed.
  • the commonly used control units comprise a timer which determines the sequence and the duration of the operations and a reversing switch.
  • the timer and the reversing switch are mechanically coupled together and are driven by a single motor. This embodiment permits a saving both in the space occupied and in material used.
  • the timer is stopped during the heating period, i.e. during the time in which the wash-water has not yet reached the desired temperature.
  • the wash-water must continue to be agitated and hence the wash drum has to perform its oscillatory movement. Consequently, during the stationary period of the program, another driving device is required to rotate the cams which control the reversing contacts until the desired water temperature has been reached.
  • a device which disengages the program part or a two-speed motor is used.
  • the part of the timer which controls the reversal of the movement generally comprises a limited number of switches since the reversal of the direction of rotation in alternating current motors requires only single-pole commutation.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a double pole switching arrangement for a DC motor
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a modified form of the arrangement of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred form of the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the cyclical operation of the various switches of the arrangement of FIG. 3.
  • Double-pole switching of a direct-current motor is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the polarity of the voltage at the motor terminals is reversed by closing either the switches 1 and 3 or 2 and 4.
  • theprogram part comprises two switches 15 and 16 which are present to enable the supply circuit, including the reversing switches, to be interrupted, and two switches 17 and 18 which must be closed to feed the motor so as to obtain the required spin-drying speed and the proper direction of rotation, which must be maintained during the entire spin-drying period.
  • the switches 15, 16, 17 and 18 are controlled by the timer. However, they may lead to an uncontrolled speed when the timer button is manually operated, and they also may cause the wrong polarity to be switched into circuit when the polarity has not yet been reversed.
  • the broken lines of FIG. 2 show the paths which the current takes when the switches are too quickly operated.
  • switches 15 and 16 are closed and the motor is fed through switches 12 and 14.
  • the negative polarity then occurs at 14 and the positive polarity at 12, which is also the case at one of the contacts of the switches 17 and 18.
  • a double short-circuit occurs, namely in the circuit including the elements 17, 15 and 14 (the switch 17 closes, the switch 15 has not yet been opened and the switch 14 is in the closed position) and also in the circuit including the elements l2, l6 and 18 (the switch 18 closes, the switch 16 has not yet been opened and the switch 12 is in the closed position).
  • the invention is characterized in that in switching from the washing speed to the spinning speed, initially switching means, which appertain to the timer and control the motor supply and the drive of the reversing switch, and which short-circuit switching means having the same functions but appertaining to the reversing switch, are rendered inoperative by means driven by the timer, whereupon the said switching means appertaining to the reversing switch are rendered inoperative at an instant which is determined by the reversal of the direction of movement of the wash-drum.
  • the arrangement according to the invention ensures that the spinning operation is started under predetermined conditions, and that the direct current is switched by means of a reliable device operating with a high degree of safety, irrespective of any manual operations.
  • British Pat. specification No. 244,026 describes a washing machine including a control arrangement for reversing the direction of rotation of the motor independently of the program arrangement which determines the duration of the various stages of the washing cycle and also the supply of water and the washing ingredients.
  • Each of these arrangements includes a drum provided with segments which is driven by a motor and travels past carbon brushes which control the various operations.
  • the safety of the circuits upon reversal of the direction of rotation of the motor is ensured by switching into circuit electric starting resistances by means of the drum switch which determines the reversal of the movement.
  • the reason for separating the operation of the timer and of the reversing switch is to permit the wash drum to be stopped with its door registering with the door of the machine. No provision is made for a spin-drying operation and hence for variation of the motor supply voltage.
  • the washing machine includes a direct-current motor equipped with permanent magnets.
  • the motor is fed from the alternating current supply through a known supply arrangement providing current rectified by semiconductor elements.
  • the automatic coordination arrangements which are used for performing the reversing and timer functions and which usually are controlled by a single alternating-current motor are separated so as to be independent of one another, the reversing arrangement and the timer arrangement each being operated by a separate motor.
  • the use of alternating-current motors for these automatic coordination devices provides the advantages of simple design and at the same time of a particularly constant speed, e.g., by using a synchronous motor.
  • the method and the arrangement according to the invention will now be described more fully with reference to a circuit diagram shown, by way of example, in FIG. 3.
  • the switches represented by two parallel lines form part of the reversing arrangement and those represented by a single line form part of the timer.
  • the reversing switches 21 and 23 relate to a first direction of rotation during the washing operation and to the preferential direction of rotation during spin-drying, and the switches 22 and 24 relate to the second direction of rotation during the washing operation.
  • the reversing switch 25 controls the AC supply of a motor M.
  • this switch 25 When this switch 25 is closed, the characteristics of the current supplied to the motor correspond to the washing speed.
  • the switch 25 When the switch 25 is open, these characteristics correspond to the spinning speed.
  • the switch is opened in an accurately determined condition of the reversing arrangement (for example, when the switches 21 and 23 are closed).
  • the motor of the reversing arrangement is stopped by opening the switch 26.
  • the switch 27, which controls the pump for draining the tub, is closed when the motor of the reversing arrangement is stopped.
  • This switch 27 may alternatively be operated by the timer part when spinning is started with the tub empty.
  • the switches 25', 26' and 27 are the timer switches which provide for normal operation when spinning is not required.
  • the machine operates as follows:
  • Spinning the start of a spin cycle is effected in two stages. First the timer orders the timer switches 25 26' and 27 to be opened. The switch 26 of the reversing motor remains closed, and the voltage corresponding to the washing speed continues to be applied to the direct-current motor, while the reversing motor continues to rotate.
  • the switch 25 is opened (see FIG. 4) so that the spinning operation may start and then the switch 26 is opened so that the reversing motor is stopped. Opening the switch 25 ensures the start of the spinning operation.
  • all of the reversing switch contacts remain in the positions shown in FIG. 4 with switches 25 and 26 open, switch 27 closed, switches 21 and 23 closed and switches 22 and 24 opened.
  • the spin cycle continues until the timer orders a new set of conditions by operating the timer switches 25', 26, and 27'.
  • FIG. 4 shows the reversing cycle and the positions of the various switches of the reversing arrangement during this cycle, i.e., the program of the reversing switch and the condition of its various contacts, open or closed, brought about by the reversing switch cam discs during their rotation.
  • the opening and closing of these contacts have no effect as long as the corresponding timer contacts such as 25' and 26' remain closed.
  • the reversing arrangement is of conventional design: a shaft which is integral with a motor (1 rev/min) carries cams the protuberances of which operate either directly or through levers upon a contact element.
  • the protuberances which effect the closure of the switches 21 and 22 are arranged at diametrically opposed points on the same cam, a second cam carrying the protuberances which operate the switches 23 and 24.
  • the protuberances which operate the switches 21 and 23 are rigidly disposed opposite one another.
  • the contact period i.e., the time of rotation in the same direction is 12 seconds and is followed by a stationary period of 3 seconds.
  • the cams which ensure switching on of washing and spinning operations (switch 25) and stopping of the reversing motor (switch 26) ensure a permanent contact during the entire time of rotation except for a short interval during which the switch 25 is open to enable the application of the spinning voltage while, only fractions of a second later, the switch 26 is opened, which enables the reversing arrangement to be stopped.
  • the recesses of these cams are rigidly arranged in the center positions of these protuberances for the switches 21 and 23 which provide the preferential direction of rotation. The interval between the instants at which the switches 25 and 26 are opened enable the reversing motor to be stopped as soon as the spinning speed has been switched on.
  • the cam which carries the protuberance for operating the switch 27 is located opposite the recess of the cam operating the switch 25 and ensures the starting of the draining pump and also the starting of the spinning operation.
  • the switch 27' is provided only if it is desired to drain the tub on termination of a washing operation without subsequent spin-drying or if draining of the tub is to commence before spinning is started.
  • the starting of the spin-drying operation is tied only to the reversing arrangement. Manual operation of the timer does not influence the manner of switching of the spinning operation (since the operation of the reversing arrangement is separate from that of the timer).
  • the timer and the reversing arrangement are independently driven by a single motor by means of a known appropriate gearing which may be mechanical, electromagnetic, electronic or hydraulic.
  • Such a switching method may be used in washing machines equipped with a direct-current motor which may be switched to spinning speed either when the tub is filled or when it is empty.
  • a washing machine comprising, a direct-current motor for driving a drum of the washing machine at a low washing speed in two directions of rotation and at a high spin-drying speed in one direction of rotation, a timer for controlling the sequence and the time duration of the various washing machine operations, a reversing switch which includes first switching means for selectively controlling the electric supply for the motor so as to provide switching to the low washing speed and two directions of rotation and for switching to the high spinning speed, said timer controlling second switching means which control the motor electric supply and the energization of the reversing switch and which short-circuit said first switching means having the same functions but appertaining to the reversing switch, means driven by the timer for initially rendering said second switching means inoperative when switching the machine from a low speed wash cycle to a high speed spin cycle, whereupon the part of said first switching means appertaining to the reversing switch are rendered inoperative at an instant determined by the reversal of the direction of movement of the washdrum.
  • a washing machine control system comprising, a reversible DC motor for driving the washing machine drum at a low reversible wash speed and at a high spindrying speed in one predetermined direction of rotation, reversing switch means that includes first, second and third switching means coupled to the motor terminals, to the motor electric supply, and to a control winding for controlling the reversing switch means, respectively, said first switching means controlling the direction of motor rotation, said second switching means controlling the motor speed and said third switching means controlling said control winding, a timer for controlling the sequence of washer operations and the time duration thereof and including fourth and fifth switching means connected in parallel with said second and third switching means, respectively, said timer being operative to open said fourth and fifth switching means prior to the start of a spin-drying cycle so that said second and third switching means assume control of the motor speed and the reversing switch, respectively, said second and third switching means then being operated in a predetermined relation to the operation of said first switching means to a condition to provide said predetermined direction of motor rotation whereby said second switching means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US71967A 1969-09-12 1970-09-14 Method of switching a direct-current motor of a washing machine Expired - Lifetime US3689815A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6931174A FR2058524A5 (es) 1969-09-12 1969-09-12

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US3689815A true US3689815A (en) 1972-09-05

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US (1) US3689815A (es)
DE (1) DE2045767A1 (es)
ES (2) ES383593A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2058524A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1288826A (es)
NL (1) NL7013287A (es)
SE (1) SE364743B (es)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934433A (en) * 1973-02-09 1976-01-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Switching control for a reversing motor of a washing machine
US4528485A (en) * 1982-04-13 1985-07-09 General Electric Company Electronically commutated motor, method of operating such, control circuit, laundry machine and drive therefor
US5023527A (en) * 1974-06-24 1991-06-11 General Electric Company Control circuits, electronically commutated motor systems and methods
US5075608A (en) * 1974-06-24 1991-12-24 Erdman David M Control system, electronically commutated motor system, draft inducer apparatus and method
USRE35124E (en) * 1974-06-24 1995-12-19 General Electric Company Control system, electronically commutated motor system, draft inducer apparatus and method
US5821660A (en) * 1997-03-05 1998-10-13 Mts Systems Corporation Brushless direct current motor having adjustable motor characteristics
CN106065522A (zh) * 2015-04-21 2016-11-02 东芝生活电器株式会社 洗衣机的电机驱动装置
CN108729126A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-02 王恒 直流电机驱动的清洗系统

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3295038A (en) * 1964-04-27 1966-12-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reversing mechanism and circuit for reversing an electric motor and controlling its functions
US3369381A (en) * 1965-09-13 1968-02-20 Whirlpool Co Electronic control circuit for direct drive automatic

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3295038A (en) * 1964-04-27 1966-12-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Reversing mechanism and circuit for reversing an electric motor and controlling its functions
US3369381A (en) * 1965-09-13 1968-02-20 Whirlpool Co Electronic control circuit for direct drive automatic

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934433A (en) * 1973-02-09 1976-01-27 U.S. Philips Corporation Switching control for a reversing motor of a washing machine
US5023527A (en) * 1974-06-24 1991-06-11 General Electric Company Control circuits, electronically commutated motor systems and methods
US5075608A (en) * 1974-06-24 1991-12-24 Erdman David M Control system, electronically commutated motor system, draft inducer apparatus and method
USRE35124E (en) * 1974-06-24 1995-12-19 General Electric Company Control system, electronically commutated motor system, draft inducer apparatus and method
US4528485A (en) * 1982-04-13 1985-07-09 General Electric Company Electronically commutated motor, method of operating such, control circuit, laundry machine and drive therefor
US5821660A (en) * 1997-03-05 1998-10-13 Mts Systems Corporation Brushless direct current motor having adjustable motor characteristics
CN106065522A (zh) * 2015-04-21 2016-11-02 东芝生活电器株式会社 洗衣机的电机驱动装置
CN106065522B (zh) * 2015-04-21 2018-08-24 东芝生活电器株式会社 洗衣机的电机驱动装置
CN108729126A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2018-11-02 王恒 直流电机驱动的清洗系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES403784A1 (es) 1975-05-16
ES383593A1 (es) 1973-06-01
FR2058524A5 (es) 1971-05-28
DE2045767A1 (de) 1971-03-18
GB1288826A (es) 1972-09-13
SE364743B (es) 1974-03-04
NL7013287A (es) 1971-03-16

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