US3689195A - Glow plug - Google Patents

Glow plug Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3689195A
US3689195A US139613A US3689195DA US3689195A US 3689195 A US3689195 A US 3689195A US 139613 A US139613 A US 139613A US 3689195D A US3689195D A US 3689195DA US 3689195 A US3689195 A US 3689195A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
glow plug
casing
outlet
electrode
tubular member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US139613A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Otto Beesch
Karl Wolf
Bodo Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3689195A publication Critical patent/US3689195A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • a tubular casing is provided with two spaced ends and- 'an electrode extends through the casing from one towards thev other of these ends.
  • a helically con- .voluted electrically conductive tubular member extends through the casing also and either surrounds the through the tubular member to the outlet thereof.
  • An electrical heating wire is provided adjacent the outlet and conductively connected with thetubularmember so that, when electricity is supplied to the heating wire and thus to the tubular member, the tubular member References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,353,520 11/1967 Haag "123717911 3,5o1,257 3/1970 Hilton etal ..431/2osx 3,630,184 12/1971 Wolfetal. ..l23/l45A will become heated whereby the fluid will issue from the outlet as fuel vapor, to be ignited by the igniting "means. Theresistance wire can also be replaced by v constituting the electrode as a glow pin.
  • Glow plugs basically are already known, they find use in a variety of applications. They serve for instance as a starting-aid in Dieseland multiple fuel engines to preheat the air in the air intake manifold in such engines to a desired temperature in order to facilitate the ignition of the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders of such engines. It being understood that in such glow plugs fuel becomes vaporized due to the heating effect, becomes subsequently mixed with a part of the air in the. air intake manifold and ignited, thus pre-heating the air before entering the cylinders of such engines.
  • Glow plugs so constructed have been found to have significant advantages over prior glow plugs. Thus, they will operate reliably, and independently of the position in space in which they are installed. More importantly, even, they permit the vaporization and consequently the ignition of larger quantities of fuel per unit of time than was previously known, and consequently they produce a larger flame than was previously possible and thus facilitate starting-up of the device or engine with which they are associated.
  • a concommitant object of the invention is to provide such a glow plug construction which is simple and reliable.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide such a glow plug construction which affords significantly better utilization of the electrical energy than what is heretofore known.
  • a glow plug which, briefly stated, comprises a tubular casing having two spaced ends, and anelongated electrode extending through the casing from one towards the other of the ends.
  • a helically convoluted electrically conductive tubular member extends intermediate these ends longitudinally of the electrode and the casing has an inlet in the region of one end and at least one outlet in the region of the other end of the casing.
  • At least one mounting element connects the electrode and the member with the casing at least in the region of the one end.
  • a supply supplies combustible fuel fluid to the interior of the member through the inlet so that fluid travels to the outlet.
  • Electrical means is provided which is conductively connected with the helically convoluted tubular member so that, when the electrical means is energized, electrical current travels through the tubular member for heating the same and thereby heating the fuel fluid as it travels through the member so that it issues as a vapor from the outlet, whereupon the electrical means ignites the thus-issued vapor.
  • the pre-heating time that is as explained above, the time which has to ellapse between initial energization of the glow plug and the initiation of combustion of issued fuel vapor in the cylinders of the engine, is reduced to approximately 20 seconds versus more than 1 minute as known from the prior art.
  • a Diesel or other engine provided with the improved glow plug according to the invention can be started due to the starting aid it receives from the flame which develops upon combustion of the vaporized fuel on the glow plug, after a time-lapse subsequent to energization of the glow plug which is only approximately one-third as long as was previously required. This is important for many applications, not only as a matter of convenience in the private sector, but, conceivably, also as a matter of safety in military applications, for instance where Diesel-powered armored vehicles may be concerned.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a glow plug according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating the electrical connection of the helically convoluted tubular member and the ignition device in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view analogous to FIG. 2 but illustrating a DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • FIG. 1 we have illustrated in somewhat diagrammatical form the suction manifold of a Diesel engine.
  • the engine itself is not shown because it is not necessary for an understanding of the present invenn'on and does not, of course, constitute a part of the present invention.
  • the manifold 10 is provided with screw nibble 11 into which there is threaded a glow plug according to the present invention and retained against undesired separation by a nut 12.
  • the glow plug has a casing composed of of an upper portion 14, alower portion 13 which is connected with the upper portion 14 in conventional manner, for instance by hard-soldering, and a flameprotecting portion 16 configurated as an apertured sleeve having the apertures 15 therein. It is primarily the portion 16 which extends into the interior of the manifold 10 and the purpose of the sleeve 16 within which combustion of the vaporized fuel will occur as is to be described subsequently is to protect the flame from being extinguished by the air rushing through the manifold 10.
  • the portion 14 is provided with an axial bore 17 through which there extends, as illustrated, an elongated electrode 18 which is gas-tightly and in electrically insulated relationship mounted in the portion 14 by means of a glass seal 19.
  • the forward end of the electrode 18 extends to the region of the front end of the casing, that is into the space surrounded by the portion 16.
  • the outer rearward end of the electrode 18 is externally threaded as are indicated at 20 so that a nut 21 can be brought into mesh with it as shown to connect to the electrode 18 an electrical conductor.
  • An inlet nipple 22, constituting in effect a supply, is also secured in the portion 14 by hard-soldering or the like, and supplies fuel fluid into the inlet of a tubular helically convoluted member 24.
  • the end portion of the member 24 which is provided with this inlet is inserted and retained in as by hard-soldering a bore or passage 23 provided in the portion 14 and communicating with the passage of the nipple 22.
  • the member 24 preferably is composed of chrome-nickel steel and is convoluted to have a plurality of concentric turns which do not contact one another in order to avoid electrical shorting between them.
  • the forward in FIG. 1 lower) end of the member 24 ' is provided with one usually several outlet extends into the interior of the member 24 and is soldered or welded in place under a protective-gas atmosphere.
  • the helix constituted by the winding 25 also surrounds the electrode 18 with clearance just as does the member 24, and its convolutions also do not contact one another. At one end, however, the ignition wire of the winding 25 is welded to the electrode 18. As illustrated the diameter of the winding 25 is smaller than that of the helically convoluted member 24.
  • the member 24 and the winding 25, both of which of course are helices, are supported by a cheramic supporting element 26 which is pushed onto the electrode 18 and held in place by metallic washers 27 welded or otherwise secured to the electrode 18.
  • An apertured partition wall 29 closes the open end of the portion 16 and serves with the latter, and with a flame-holding sleeve 30 welded or otherwise secured to the partition wall 29, to protect the flame which develops from extinguishing by the air rushing through the manifold 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows, it is not necessary for the elements 24 and 25 to be connected in series as shown in FIG. 2. Instead, they can be connected in parallel as clearly evident from FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows that if the electrical connection is that of FIG. 2, the return conductor 31 may be insulated a measure which is known from and conventional in installations where the dangerof explosion exists.
  • FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 4 but shows the measure of FIG. 4 applied to a connection such as that originally illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 6 it is pointed out that this differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the ignition coil 25 of the initial Figure is replaced in FIG. 1 with a known glow pin.
  • the glow sleeve 41 of the glow pin is hard-soldered into the central passage of the portion 42 which corresponds to the portion 14 of FIG. 1.
  • the helically convoluted tubular member 43 corresponds to the tubular member 24 of FIG. 1 and is connected with the source of electrical energy by means of a conductor 44 which is welded or otherwise secured to the forward or lower free end of the member 43 and which is connected with the terminal portion 45 of the glow pin by being climbingly retained between two metal washers 47 which are pressed together by the illustrated nut threaded onto the portion 45.
  • the lower of the washers 47 is insulated from the portion 42 by an electrically insulating washer 48.
  • the conductor 44 passes through the portion 42 it is electrically insulated from the latter by a glass-melt seal 49; the cheramic supporting member 50 which corresponds to the member 26 of FIG. 1 is provided with a slot or bore 51 through which the conductor 44 passes.
  • a partition wall 53 is again provided together with a flame-holding sleeve 52, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the operation and place of ignition in FIG. 6 is the same as described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the glow pin need not be located within the confines of the helically convoluted tubular member 43; instead, it could be located outside the helix constituted by the tubular member 43 if the space provided for the casing so permits. It must be kept in mind, however, that'the end portion of the glow sleeve 41 of the glow pin must be located in the region of the vapor outlet openings of the tubular member 43 in order to be able to ignite the issuing vapor.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that no oil residue can become deposited on the convolutions of the helically convoluted tubular member 63 which corresponds to the tubular member 24 of FIG. 1, during combustion; such oil residue could lead to electrical shorts between the adjacent convolutions of the tubular member 63 and to the consequent destruction of the same.
  • the portion 65 is electrically insulated from the housing portion 66 by a glass-melt seal 69 and from the portion 65 current passes into the tubular member 63.
  • the tubular member 63 has a portion which extends into an aperture provided in the conductive partition wall 61, which, as illustrated, is electrically insulated from the casing 66, 68 by a glass-melt seal 70. From the partition wall 61, in turn, current passes into a helically configurated ignition coil or winding 67 which is welded to the partition wall 61 with one end and which is welded with this other end to the housing or casing portion 68 as illustrated.
  • the tubular member 63 is supported by a metallic tube 71 located within it and surrounded by a cheramic supporting member 72 which engages the inside of the helix constituted by the tubular member 63.
  • the tube 71 is secured to the portion 65, as by hard-soldering or the like.
  • One end of the tubular member 63 passes centrally through the partition wall 61, as already pointed out and as illustrated in FIG. 7, to discharge fuel vapor from the open outlet of this one end toward the ignition coil 67 for ignition thereby.
  • the area of contact between the tubular member 63 and the partition wall 61 is as small as possible note the enlarged portion of the bore through which the outlet end portion of the tubular member 63 extends and in which enlarged portion it has contact with the partition wall 61 whereby this undesired phenomenon is prevented.
  • a glow plug comprising a tubular casing having two spaced ends; an elongated electrode extending through said casing from one toward the other of said ends; a helically convoluted electrically conductive tubular member extending intermediate said ends longitudinally of said electrode and said casing, said member having an inlet in the region of said one end at least one outlet in the region of said other end; at least one mounting element connecting said electrode and said member with said casing at least in the region of said one end; a supply supplying combustible fluid to the interior of said member through said inlet for travel to said outlet; and electrical means conductively connected with said member for heating said fluid during travel through said member so that the fluid issues as a vapor from said outlet, and for igniting the issued vapor.
  • a glow plug as defined in claim 1, said means comprising a resistance wire mounted within said casing and adapted to be connected to a source of electrical energy.
  • a glow plug as defined in claim 2 said member having an end portion provided with said outlet, and said resistance wire being mounted adjacent but forwardly spaced from said end portion; and a partition interposed in said casing between said resistance wire and said end portion and having at least one aperture communicating with said outlet for access of said vapor to said ignition wire.
  • a glow plug as defined in claim 1, said casing comprising a flame-protecting apertured sleeve portion provided in the region of said outlet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
US139613A 1970-06-26 1971-05-03 Glow plug Expired - Lifetime US3689195A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702031607 DE2031607A1 (de) 1970-06-26 1970-06-26 Flammglühkerze als Anlaßhilfe für Diesel- und Vielstoffmotoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3689195A true US3689195A (en) 1972-09-05

Family

ID=5775025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US139613A Expired - Lifetime US3689195A (en) 1970-06-26 1971-05-03 Glow plug

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3689195A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE769099R (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2031607A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2100825B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1300493A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT1005016B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE353788B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3852024A (en) * 1972-06-14 1974-12-03 Monark Crescent Ab Ignition device for vaporizing burners
US4080944A (en) * 1975-07-09 1978-03-28 Emerson Electric Co. Glow plug with idle bar
US4380218A (en) * 1980-07-02 1983-04-19 Lucas Industries Limited Starting aid for internal combustion engines
US4476378A (en) * 1981-04-30 1984-10-09 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug for use in diesel engine
US4604975A (en) * 1983-04-27 1986-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting fuel into a secondary flow of combustion air from a combustion chamber
US4733053A (en) * 1985-01-25 1988-03-22 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow element
US5182437A (en) * 1990-03-29 1993-01-26 Mercedes-Benz Ag Flame-type heater plug for an air-compression fuel-injection internal-combustion engine
US5194718A (en) * 1988-05-25 1993-03-16 J. Eberspacher Method for connecting a glow plug for operation at two different voltages
US5358400A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-10-25 Susumu Ejiri Plug mount structure of a pulse combustion apparatus
US5584265A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-12-17 Ford Motor Company Method for reducing NOx in the exhaust streams of internal combustion engines
US7470875B1 (en) 2005-12-16 2008-12-30 Locust Usa, Inc. Ignitor plug
US20090302022A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-10 Wilcox Ernest W Ignitor Plug Assembly

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4351291A (en) * 1980-10-02 1982-09-28 Champion Spark Plug Company Glow plug
DE3243396C2 (de) * 1982-11-24 1985-07-25 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg Verdampfungsbrenner für flüssigen Brennstoff
DE3602136A1 (de) * 1986-01-24 1987-07-30 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Flammgluehkerze

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353520A (en) * 1964-09-11 1967-11-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for heating the cylinders of diesel engines
US3501257A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-03-17 Chester W Hilton Heater for automobile cooling system
US3630184A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-12-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3353520A (en) * 1964-09-11 1967-11-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for heating the cylinders of diesel engines
US3501257A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-03-17 Chester W Hilton Heater for automobile cooling system
US3630184A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-12-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3852024A (en) * 1972-06-14 1974-12-03 Monark Crescent Ab Ignition device for vaporizing burners
US4080944A (en) * 1975-07-09 1978-03-28 Emerson Electric Co. Glow plug with idle bar
US4088105A (en) * 1975-07-09 1978-05-09 Emerson Electric Co. Glow plug
US4380218A (en) * 1980-07-02 1983-04-19 Lucas Industries Limited Starting aid for internal combustion engines
US4476378A (en) * 1981-04-30 1984-10-09 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug for use in diesel engine
US4604975A (en) * 1983-04-27 1986-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for injecting fuel into a secondary flow of combustion air from a combustion chamber
US4733053A (en) * 1985-01-25 1988-03-22 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow element
US5194718A (en) * 1988-05-25 1993-03-16 J. Eberspacher Method for connecting a glow plug for operation at two different voltages
US5182437A (en) * 1990-03-29 1993-01-26 Mercedes-Benz Ag Flame-type heater plug for an air-compression fuel-injection internal-combustion engine
US5358400A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-10-25 Susumu Ejiri Plug mount structure of a pulse combustion apparatus
US5584265A (en) * 1993-07-06 1996-12-17 Ford Motor Company Method for reducing NOx in the exhaust streams of internal combustion engines
US5813224A (en) * 1993-07-06 1998-09-29 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing NOx in the exhaust streams of internal combustion engines
US7470875B1 (en) 2005-12-16 2008-12-30 Locust Usa, Inc. Ignitor plug
US20090302022A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-10 Wilcox Ernest W Ignitor Plug Assembly
WO2009152067A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-17 Locust Usa, Inc. Ignitor plug assembly
JP2011522997A (ja) * 2008-06-10 2011-08-04 ローカスト ユーエスエー，インコーポレイティド 点火プラグアセンブリ
US8022337B2 (en) 2008-06-10 2011-09-20 Locust, Usa, Inc. Ignitor plug assembly
AU2009257707B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2014-04-10 Locust Usa, Inc. Ignitor plug assembly
EP2318685A4 (en) * 2008-06-10 2016-03-09 Locust Usa Inc SPARK PLUGS ARRANGEMENT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2100825A2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-24
IT1005016B (it) 1976-08-20
GB1300493A (en) 1972-12-20
SE353788B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-12
FR2100825B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-18
DE2031607A1 (de) 1971-12-30
BE769099R (fr) 1971-11-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3689195A (en) Glow plug
US3718425A (en) Glow plug construction
US3531229A (en) Burner
US3407794A (en) Glow plug arrangement for internal combustion engines, especially for starting of diesel engines
CA1089307A (en) Glow-plug
US3589348A (en) Spark plug and heated adaptor therefor
US3762378A (en) Fuel injection means and process for making same
SE453941B (sv) Med flytande brensle driven forangningsbrennare, serskilt for fordonsvermare
JPS58162718A (ja) ディーゼルエンジン始動用点火装置
US3297914A (en) Glow plug igniters
US2130365A (en) Igniter for internal combustion engines
US3630184A (en) Glow plug
US3400699A (en) Preheater unit for an internal combustion engine
US1223124A (en) Vaporizer and igniter for internal-combustion engines.
WO1989005400A1 (en) Glow plug
US2229714A (en) Heater for starting diesel engines
US3576382A (en) Fuel burner
KR19980702676A (ko) 디젤기관용 예열 플러그
US1427059A (en) Manifold heater for internal-combustion engines
US4982565A (en) Pilot burner for a device for burning solids in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines
US3852024A (en) Ignition device for vaporizing burners
US4380218A (en) Starting aid for internal combustion engines
CN2309432Y (zh) 陶瓷电热塞
US3566850A (en) Glow plug construction
GB2136504A (en) Flame glow-in plug for preheating the intake air of internal combustion engine