US3683867A - Boiler - Google Patents

Boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
US3683867A
US3683867A US91439A US3683867DA US3683867A US 3683867 A US3683867 A US 3683867A US 91439 A US91439 A US 91439A US 3683867D A US3683867D A US 3683867DA US 3683867 A US3683867 A US 3683867A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
inlet
bulkhead
boiler
combustion
baffle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US91439A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Viessmann
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691965037 external-priority patent/DE1965037B1/de
Priority claimed from DE19702003690 external-priority patent/DE2003690C3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3683867A publication Critical patent/US3683867A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
    • F24H1/50—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating domestic water tanks

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Foreign A li ti p i i
  • a fuel burner is arranged at the inlet of the combustion chamber and 52 us. Cl.
  • PATENTEDAus 1 5 m2 SHEET 2 [IF 4 //1 VH7 for .m/vs V/ESSMANN ynutt KW AGENT PATENTEDws 1 5 m2 SHEET 3 BF 4 /n mm for; HANS V/E-SSMANN an; WW
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a boiler constructed in accordance with the present invention and showing the combustion chamber and the fluid storage chamber mounted above, the section being taken along line II of FIG. 2; 4
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 0 II-II of FIG. 1, showing in plan view the interior conpossible to produce the desired pressure in the combustion chamber only after a period of operation of the burner.
  • the burners it is sometimes possible to design the burners in such a way that from the very outset they produce a specific combustion chamber pressure. In either event, the burners must be in a position to overcome the particular thermal resistance in the boiler before efficient operation is obtained. If the boiler is consistently designed for excess pressure in the combustion chamber, considerable economies in the heating surfaces are obtained.
  • combustion chambers of the known and conventional type these fundamental criteria are only taken into consideration with a corresponding increase in production costs.
  • special cleaning ports are required, causing the fitting of the external boiler insulation to be correspondingly costly.
  • the arrangement, coordination and design of combustion chamber and flues generally do not permit the rapid welding of parts and substantially prevent the automatic fabrication of the boiler into a unitary structure.
  • a double wall bulkhead receives the heat exchange medium from the casing and defines a combustion chamber having an inlet and an outlet opposite to the inlet.
  • a fuel burner is arranged at the inlet and produces combustion gases in the combustion chamber.
  • a double wall bulkhead having a baffle wall portion opposite the inlet and two arcuate lateral wall portions extending from the baffle wall portion towards the inlet also receives the heat exchange medium from the casing and is positioned in the combustion chamber opposite the fuel burner so as to define a baffle chamber reflecting and reversing the combustion gases to combustion gas conduits laterally adjacent the lateral arcuately shaped bulkhead wall portions.
  • the baffle chamber and the lateral combustion conduits have the same height.
  • An exhaust flue for the combustion gases is arranged at the outlet and receives the combustion gases from the conduits.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to that of FIG. 2 showing a modified embodiment of the interior boiler constructiomand
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view similar to FIGS. 2 and 3 showing a third embodiment.
  • the boiler comprises a combustion chamber 1 above which a consumption water storage tank 3 is located.
  • the two units are enclosed in a boiler casing 2 in which a liquid heating medium is maintained.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is enclosed by upper and lower plates 5 and 6 respectively and vertical water carrying double walls 2'.
  • This combustion chamber is further divided by double wall bulkhead or screen 7 which is arcuately, i.e., generally oval, shaped but spaced from the double walls 2' and open at one end,'the bulkhead defining a central baffle chamber and a laterally surrounding combustion gas conduit 4.
  • an additional double wall water carrying bulkhead 7' is provided so that a second combustion gas conduit 4 is formed along the lateral walls 2' of the combustion chamber.
  • the outer double walls 2 are integrally secured to the front wall 10' and to the rear wall 10, respectively, the front wall defining inlet 8 and the rearwall defining an outlet 9 leading to an exhaust flue.
  • the double wall bulkheads 7 and 7' extend for substantially the entire height of the combustion chamber and define gas intake openings 14% communicating with the baffle chamber near the inlet 8 and a terminal portion communicating with the outlet 9 in the rear wall 10 of the boiler casing.
  • the additional double wall 7' is employed, it is provided with an interruption or opening 15 which allows the interior gas conduit 4 as well as the exterior gas conduit 4' to communicate with the exhaust flue 9.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is preferably provided with only the one other opening 8 extending through the casing 2 and located at the front of the combustion chamber.
  • the opening 8 also extends the entire height of the casing and is closed by a door or other suitable closure member 13 which carries or supports a burner-blower l2, conventionally gas or oil fed. Because the opening 8 and the door 13 extend substantially the height of the combustion chamber 1, the entire interior of the combustion chamber is readily accessible. Since the inlets 14 to the gas conduits 4 and 4' are adjacent to the front end of the combustion chamber, they, too, are readily accessible when the closure member 13 is removed.
  • a liquid medium inlet KV and a liquid medium return outlet KR are provided for supplying and reducing the quantity of liquid heat exchange medium (preferably water) located within the casing 2 and surrounding the combustion chamber and the storage tank 3.
  • the storage tank 3 is itself provided with cold water inlet WI and hot water outlet W0.
  • the water in the double wall bulkheads 7 and 7' is caused to flow upwardly into the area surrounding the storage tank 3 through openings 11, formed in the upper plate 5 and lower plate 6.
  • the openings 11 are coextensive with the cross section of the bulkheads 7 and 7' so that the combustion chamber is made watertight.
  • These plates 5 and 6 may also be made slightly curved so as to provide improved flow and pressure characteristics.
  • the interruption or opening in the additional double wall bulkhead 7 can also have a height substantially equivalent to the height of the combustion chamber 1 although this is not absolutely necessary.
  • the interruption 15 may be made only in the lower half of the bulkhead 7' so that a gas from the inner conduit 4 may be caused to flow downwardly before reaching the exhaust flue 9, while the gases in the outer conduit 4 will have an upward component. This gas flow may be aided by the use of conventional sheet metal guides or plates located in the conduits.
  • the sheet metal guides or plates may be used even when the interruption 15 extends the entire height of the combustion chamber.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 there is once again shown a combustion chamber defined by bulkhead 2 and having an interior baffle chamber defined by substantially U- shaped double wall bulkhead 7, substantially as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the base of the bulkhead 7 is located in front of the flue chimney 9.
  • the burner inlet 8 is shown although the closure member 13 and the burner 12 are omitted.
  • the front wall may be provided with separable or removable covers 20.
  • the covers 20 may or may not extend the entire height of the boiler.
  • Shields, guides, ridges or other baffle members 21 may be inserted, as desired, between the walls of the bulkheads 7 and 2 and/or the bulkheads 7 or 16. These flue guide members insure the proper flow direction and control the flow resistance within the boiler.
  • water is introduced by conventional means through inlet K'V passing into the bulkheads 7, 7' and 16 as well as the outer bulkheads formed vby the casing wall 2 and the rear casing walls 10 and/or the front casing wall 19.
  • the burner 12 is caused to heat the combustion chamber 1 of the boiler with the gases passing through the conduits 4 and 4' about and between the bulkheads containing the water.
  • there are three substantially concentric bulkheads containing water located symmetrically about the axes of the boiler chamber.
  • Such boilers can be produced at low cost because the boiler walls and the bulkhead walls can be subjected to pressure loading without having bolts or other stiffening means. Manufacturing costs are also reduced by making all the boiler heating surfaces accessible through the single cleaning port, namely a closure or door 13 which also carries the burner. In this case, the boiler requiresno openings for cleaning the flues or other heating surfaces on either the back, top or longitudinal sides. In those rear or side areas, the boiler also requires no openings for the removal of the combustion residues.
  • the combustion chamber can be either oval or circular in horizontal cross-section, so that the combustion chamber walls can be curved and thus are capable of being pressure loaded.
  • the wall thickness need not be made larger than is necessary to resist corrosion.
  • the combustion chamber is divided by a water carrying double wall bulkhead 7 or 16 which forms a screen defining a baffle chamber.
  • the outer wall of the combustion chamber forms with the nearest water carrying bulkhead one or several combustion gas or flue inlets which extend parallel to the combustion chamber and surround it concentrically.
  • the combustion chamber heating surface is easily adapted to the combustion gas flue size because, if in a particular model the boiler is made high overall, the combustion chamber will also be correspondingly high and will offer a larger heating surface.
  • the height of the boiler flues, transfer surfaces, etc., are all in direct correspondence.
  • the passages have a larger heat transfer surface area than the inside of the combustion chamber.
  • baffle members for guiding the gases are inserted in the flues.
  • Boilers with a lower capacity can be made of circular cross-section.
  • the relationship between the combustion chamber and the flues, i.e., the transfer cross sections from the combustion chamber to the flues, is
  • the upper and lower closure (plates 5 and 6) of the combustion chamber and the flues can be made in two ways: firstly, continuous plates can be provided at the top and bottom having corresponding apertures to the bulkheads; or, secondly, one wall of the bulkheads can be chamfered at the top and bottom and placed against the other wall and welded at the resulting edges.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 While fundamentally adhering to the constructional principle described, the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 have a further advantage in that they provide boilers with a large thermal capacity.
  • the first variant has the particular advantage that the pressure wave caused on starting up the boiler can largely flow away directly laterally through the gaps between the front edges of the side walls and the boiler front wall.
  • the lateral bulkheads prefferably be arranged so that the gas flues decrease in cross-sections, adapting the flue passages to the increasing reduction in volume of the gases occuring when they cool.
  • a boiler using a fluid fuel comprising 1. a boiler casing carrying a heat exchange medium,
  • a fuel burner arranged at the inlet and producing combustion ases in the combustion chamber a double wal bulkhead having a baffle wall portion opposite the inlet and two lateral wallportion s arcuate in horizontal cross section and extending from the baffle wall portion towards the inlet, said bulkhead receiving the heat exchange medium from the casing and positioned in the combustion chamber opposite the fuel burner so as to define a baffle chamber reflecting and reversing the combetween the first-named bulkhead defining the com-- bustion chamber and the second-named bulkhead defining the baffle chamber, the additional bulkhead being interrupted in the range of the exhaust flue.
  • the boiler of claim 2 further comprising a pair of horizontally extending sheet metal walls interconnecting the bulkheads, the sheet metal walls defining openings permitting the heat exchange medium to enter the bulkheads from the casing.
  • the boiler of claim 1 further comprising a pair of further double wall bulkheads receiving the heat exchange medium from the casing, the further bulkheads being positioned within the baffle chamber symmetrically laterally adjacent the arcuately shaped bulkhead wall portions on either side of the fuel burner in- 5.
  • the boiler of claim 4 wherein the further bulkheads extend towards the inlet and adjacently thereto, leaving a gap between forward ends of the further bulkheads and the inlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
US91439A 1969-12-27 1970-11-20 Boiler Expired - Lifetime US3683867A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691965037 DE1965037B1 (de) 1969-12-27 1969-12-27 Heizkessel fuer fluessige oder gasfoermige Brennstoffe
DE19702003690 DE2003690C3 (de) 1970-01-28 1970-01-28 Heizkessel fur flussige oder gasformige Brennstoffe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3683867A true US3683867A (en) 1972-08-15

Family

ID=25758291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US91439A Expired - Lifetime US3683867A (en) 1969-12-27 1970-11-20 Boiler

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3683867A (fr)
AT (1) AT305544B (fr)
BE (1) BE756044A (fr)
CA (1) CA920008A (fr)
CH (1) CH515467A (fr)
ES (1) ES386429A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2062500A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1327075A (fr)
LU (1) LU61676A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7013583A (fr)
SE (1) SE365862B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377133A (en) * 1980-06-13 1983-03-22 Mankekar Ajit D Cryogenic heater
GB2455612A (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-17 Cumar Teicneolaiocht Teoranta Gas flow regulation system for a boiler

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190610113A (en) * 1906-04-30 1906-10-18 George Richard Steward Improvements in Apparatus for the Rapid Generation of Steam
US2040959A (en) * 1934-12-15 1936-05-19 Hauck Mfg Co Heat interchanger
US3007457A (en) * 1958-01-27 1961-11-07 Ospelt Gustav Heating boiler
US3037490A (en) * 1960-07-15 1962-06-05 Gossalter Rene Boiler
US3120838A (en) * 1961-02-24 1964-02-11 Schiff & Stern Ges M B H Boiler for central heating systems and for preparing hot water
US3233596A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-02-08 Gerbert Heinz Boiler system with spheroidal combustion chamber for liquid and gaseous fuels

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190610113A (en) * 1906-04-30 1906-10-18 George Richard Steward Improvements in Apparatus for the Rapid Generation of Steam
US2040959A (en) * 1934-12-15 1936-05-19 Hauck Mfg Co Heat interchanger
US3007457A (en) * 1958-01-27 1961-11-07 Ospelt Gustav Heating boiler
US3037490A (en) * 1960-07-15 1962-06-05 Gossalter Rene Boiler
US3120838A (en) * 1961-02-24 1964-02-11 Schiff & Stern Ges M B H Boiler for central heating systems and for preparing hot water
US3233596A (en) * 1962-03-01 1966-02-08 Gerbert Heinz Boiler system with spheroidal combustion chamber for liquid and gaseous fuels

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377133A (en) * 1980-06-13 1983-03-22 Mankekar Ajit D Cryogenic heater
GB2455612A (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-17 Cumar Teicneolaiocht Teoranta Gas flow regulation system for a boiler
GB2455612B (en) * 2007-12-11 2013-02-20 Cumar Teicneolaiocht Teoranta A boiler with gas flow regulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH515467A (de) 1971-11-15
AT305544B (de) 1973-02-26
SE365862B (fr) 1974-04-01
LU61676A1 (fr) 1970-12-14
FR2062500A5 (fr) 1971-06-25
ES386429A1 (es) 1973-03-16
BE756044A (fr) 1971-02-15
GB1327075A (en) 1973-08-15
CA920008A (en) 1973-01-30
NL7013583A (fr) 1971-06-29

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