US3680626A - Corrosion-resistant surface coating for use in the casting of aluminum and aluminum alloys - Google Patents

Corrosion-resistant surface coating for use in the casting of aluminum and aluminum alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
US3680626A
US3680626A US876369A US3680626DA US3680626A US 3680626 A US3680626 A US 3680626A US 876369 A US876369 A US 876369A US 3680626D A US3680626D A US 3680626DA US 3680626 A US3680626 A US 3680626A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
aluminum
receptacle
casting
boron
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US876369A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kaneyoshi Kusunoki
Tatsumi Asakura
Masahiro Nakakawa
Noboru Komatsu
Tohru Arai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Original Assignee
Toyota Motor Corp
Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3680626A publication Critical patent/US3680626A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting
    • F27D1/1684—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting by a special coating applied to the lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B2014/104—Crucible linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B2014/106—Ladles

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to the prevention of corrosion in the contacting surfaces of containers and other members employed in casting and forming ingots of aluminum and aluminum alloys and also to the prevention of the mixing of impurities into the aluminum and its alloys during the casting operation. Moreover, the invention is directed to a boron impregnated ferrous material surface coating on the members in contact with the aluminum and its alloys during the casting operation.
  • pure aluminum is likely to combine with other elements and as a result to form various compounds.
  • aluminum alloys which may contain quantities of copper, silicon, magnesia, nickel, manganese, and the like, for the purpose of obtaining mechanical strength or for achieving other properties suitable for casting or working, does not exhibit the desired properties if impurities are mixed with the alloy elements.
  • the materials used in forming the containers and other members for casting pure aluminum and aluminum alloys and for forming ingots of the cast material must be such so as to prevent the mixing of impurities into the molten aluminum and its alloys and also to prevent corrosion of the surfaces of the vessels and other members contacting the molten metal.
  • refractory oxides such as kaolin, quartz, magnesia, lime and others, or carbonaceous materials such as graphite
  • carbonaceous materials such as graphite
  • the primary object of the in vention to provide a corrosion-resistant surface layer for the containers and other members used in the casting of aluminum and aluminum alloys and in molding'the aluminum and its alloys into ingots and the like, Further, it is the intention of the present invention to provide a surface coating which is easily applied even to the contacting surfaces of containers or other members of complicated shapes or to the interior surfaces of tubular members.
  • the surface coating of the present invention By employing the surface coating of the present invention, the inclusion of impurities into the aluminum and aluminum alloys being cast can be prevented and the life of the containers and other members being used can be prolonged.
  • At least the contacting surfaces of containers and other members employed in the casting and molding ofaluminum and aluminum alloys is provided with a boron impregnated ferrous material layer.
  • the present invention encompasses the application of boron impregnated layers on the surfaces of containers and other members used in casting and molding aluminum and aluminum alloys, which are formed of carbon steel, cast iron, cast steel, and. special purpose steels such as stainless steel.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the corrosion-resistant characteristics of two samples of a stainless steel, one with and one without a boron impregnated surface layer, immersed in molten aluminum alloy;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a container used in casting aluminum having a surface coating in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 one example of a container 10 is shown which is used in the casting and molding of aluminum and aluminum alloys.
  • a surface layer 2 composed of boron-impregnated ferrous materials is formed on the surface of the container which contacts the molten aluminum and aluminum alloy.
  • EXAMPLE I ing of 90 percent by weight of borax and percent by weight of zirconium oxide maintained at 950C, and at the same time it was electrolyzed for 2 hours at a current'density of 0.5 A/crn' with the test sample acting as the cathode. In this procedure a boron impregnated layer of about 40 microns in depth was formed on the surface of the sample.
  • the test samples, one with and one without the boron impregnated surface coating, were immersed into a molten JIS AC4B aluminum alloy of about 2kg maintained at 700C. The depth of the corrosion on the test pieces was measured and is set forth in FIG. 1.
  • test sample coated with the boron impregnatedlayer corroded only 0.1mm in depth after a period of 30 hours,however, the untreated test sample corroded to a depth of 0.8mm in about 5 hours and the corrosion reached a depth of 1.7mm after 30 hours.
  • EXAMPLE n a test sample of stainless steel having the same dimensions and similarly impregnated with boron as in Example I, and an untreated test sample of HS FC cast iron having the dimensions of 20 mm in diameter and 30mm in length were immersed into about 3kg of molten aluminum maintained at 750C. From past experience it has been determined that of the various ferrous metals, cast iron has the highest resistance to corrosion in molten aluminum. However, the results obtained in this test indicated that the sample of cast iron had corroded to a depth of about 2mm after 20 hours immersion, while the boron impregnated sample of stainless steel had corroded only to a depth of 0.1mm.
  • themost effective and efficient method of impr'egnation can be selected based on the shape of the articles to be coated. Further, mixing of boron into aluminum and aluminum alloys is preferable since it tends to improve the quality of the castings because the addition of boron to aluminum and its alloys serves to refine the metallurgical structure.
  • Method of corrosion and preventing the absorption of impurities in the, manufacture of aluminum castings subject to corrosion and absorption of impurities therein which comprises:
  • said receptacle is selected from stainless steel, chromium stainless steel, and cast iron.
  • the receptacle is prepared by dipping in a molten salt bath consisting of (i) about percent by weight of borax and (ii) about 10 percent by weight of zirconium oxide, maintaining the bath at a temperature of about 950C., electrolyzing the bath for about two hours at a current density of about 0.5 A/cm', the receptacle being the cathode.
  • a molten salt bath consisting of (i) about percent by weight of borax and (ii) about 10 percent by weight of zirconium oxide, maintaining the bath at a temperature of about 950C., electrolyzing the bath for about two hours at a current density of about 0.5 A/cm', the receptacle being the cathode.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
US876369A 1969-04-15 1969-11-13 Corrosion-resistant surface coating for use in the casting of aluminum and aluminum alloys Expired - Lifetime US3680626A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44028689A JPS4828537B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-04-15 1969-04-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3680626A true US3680626A (en) 1972-08-01

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US876369A Expired - Lifetime US3680626A (en) 1969-04-15 1969-11-13 Corrosion-resistant surface coating for use in the casting of aluminum and aluminum alloys

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3680626A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4828537B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2010323A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2030720A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1292625A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3817312A (en) * 1972-08-30 1974-06-18 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Method of sulphurizing steel mold parts and parts produced thereby
US3848847A (en) * 1972-07-11 1974-11-19 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk Casting method for aluminum or aluminum alloys and a mold therefor
CN101942576A (zh) * 2010-09-02 2011-01-12 中信锦州铁合金股份有限公司 冶炼金属铬所用炉衬的制造方法
CN102925854A (zh) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-13 虞海香 一种耐刮伤铝合金板制备方法
CN103406526A (zh) * 2012-08-06 2013-11-27 沈光辉 连铸中间包整体内衬
CN105537507A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-05-04 禹州市神运机械有限公司 一种铝合金铸造用涂料及用其使用方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5232619B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-10-27 1977-08-23
GB1415423A (en) * 1972-11-06 1975-11-26 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk Electrolytic preparation of surface coatings of titanium boride and/or titanium carbide
JPS5077849U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-11-16 1975-07-05
JPS5167546A (ja) * 1974-12-10 1976-06-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Koshuhakanetsusochi
JPS5199839U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1975-02-10 1976-08-11
JPS565904U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1980-06-10 1981-01-20
CH690566A5 (de) * 1996-02-09 2000-10-31 Haeuselmann Ag Kokille aus Aluminium oder aus einer Aluminiumlegierung .

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US597172A (en) * 1898-01-11 Mowsky
US1774410A (en) * 1925-10-05 1930-08-26 Philips Nv Process of precipitating boron
US2528454A (en) * 1946-11-07 1950-10-31 Hermann I Schlesinger Coating process
US2734243A (en) * 1956-02-14 Method of securing a metal skin in a matrix block
US2823151A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-11 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Highly refractive molybdenum bodies
US2949390A (en) * 1957-08-07 1960-08-16 Harold M Feder Method of protecting tantalum crucibles against reaction with molten uranium
US3151001A (en) * 1962-12-04 1964-09-29 United States Steel Corp Method of treating boron coated steel to eliminate luders' bands
US3222228A (en) * 1962-06-28 1965-12-07 Crucible Steel Co America Method of boronizing steel
US3342249A (en) * 1966-05-23 1967-09-19 Ulmer Method of coating a metallic mold surface with a boron containing compound

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US597172A (en) * 1898-01-11 Mowsky
US2734243A (en) * 1956-02-14 Method of securing a metal skin in a matrix block
US1774410A (en) * 1925-10-05 1930-08-26 Philips Nv Process of precipitating boron
US2528454A (en) * 1946-11-07 1950-10-31 Hermann I Schlesinger Coating process
US2823151A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-11 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Highly refractive molybdenum bodies
US2949390A (en) * 1957-08-07 1960-08-16 Harold M Feder Method of protecting tantalum crucibles against reaction with molten uranium
US3222228A (en) * 1962-06-28 1965-12-07 Crucible Steel Co America Method of boronizing steel
US3151001A (en) * 1962-12-04 1964-09-29 United States Steel Corp Method of treating boron coated steel to eliminate luders' bands
US3342249A (en) * 1966-05-23 1967-09-19 Ulmer Method of coating a metallic mold surface with a boron containing compound

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3848847A (en) * 1972-07-11 1974-11-19 Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk Casting method for aluminum or aluminum alloys and a mold therefor
US3817312A (en) * 1972-08-30 1974-06-18 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Method of sulphurizing steel mold parts and parts produced thereby
CN101942576A (zh) * 2010-09-02 2011-01-12 中信锦州铁合金股份有限公司 冶炼金属铬所用炉衬的制造方法
CN103406526A (zh) * 2012-08-06 2013-11-27 沈光辉 连铸中间包整体内衬
CN102925854A (zh) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-13 虞海香 一种耐刮伤铝合金板制备方法
CN105537507A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-05-04 禹州市神运机械有限公司 一种铝合金铸造用涂料及用其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1292625A (en) 1972-10-11
JPS4828537B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-03
DE2010323A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-30
FR2030720A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-11-13

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