US3680623A - Improvements in or relating to processes of manufacturing rolled stock from products of continuous casting processes - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to processes of manufacturing rolled stock from products of continuous casting processes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3680623A US3680623A US847816A US3680623DA US3680623A US 3680623 A US3680623 A US 3680623A US 847816 A US847816 A US 847816A US 3680623D A US3680623D A US 3680623DA US 3680623 A US3680623 A US 3680623A
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- Prior art keywords
- rolls
- pair
- product
- rolling operation
- set forth
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
- B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal
Abstract
A process for making rolled stock directly from strands of continuously cast steel products in a working and forming installation, comprising two pairs of rolls which are respectively mounted in spaced relationship to each other along the path through which the strand travels. The distance between the rolls of each pair of rolls being adjusted so that the mass flow rate of said strand immediately upstream from the first pair of rolls being at least 0.5 percent larger than the mass flow rate of said strand immediately downstream from said first pair of rolls, while the mass flow rate immediately upstream and downstream from the second pair of rolls is substantially the same. The second pair of rolls squeezing the strand to such an extent that it effects a reduction in cross-sectional area in the strand of at least 10 percent.
Description
United States Patent Tarmann et a].
[451 Aug. 1,1972
[54] IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURING ROLLED STOCK FROM PRODUCTS OF CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESSES Assignee: Gebr. Bohler '& Co. Aktiengesellsehait, Vienna, Austria Filed: July 29, 1969 Appl. No.: 847,816
Related U.S. Application Data Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 605,464, Dec. 28, 1966, abandoned.
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Dec. 15, 1966 Austria ..lll06/66 U.S. Cl ..l64/76, 164/82 Int. Cl. ..B22d 11/00 Field of Search ..l64/4, 76, 82, 154, 270, 282,
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 494,659 4/1893 Very.... 1 qg/ g Inventors: Tarmann, Kapfenberggllein- 2,698,467 1/1955 Tarquinee et a] ..164/283 X 3,358,358 12/1967 Jenks et al. 164/76 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 517,838 3/1955 ltaly ..l64/82 Primary Examiner-R. Spencer Annear Attorney-Arthur O. Klein ABSTRACT A process for making rolled stock directly from strands of continuously cast steel products in a working and forming installation, comprising two pairs of rolls which are respectively mounted in spaced relationship to each other along the path through which the strand travels. The distance. between the rolls of each pair of rolls being adjusted so that the mass flow rate of said strand immediately upstream from the first pair of rolls being at least 0.5 percent larger than the mass flow rate of said strand immediately downstream from said first pair of rolls, while the mass flow rate g immediately upstream and downstream from the i second pair of rolls is substantially the same. The
second pair of rolls squeezing the strand to such an extent that it effects a reduction in cross-sectional area in the strand of at least 10 percent.
10 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure minnows "1 1912 NVENTOR Bru'nO TH S ATTORNEY IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURING ROLLED STOCK FROM PRODUCTS OF CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESSES CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This is a continuation-in-part application of our earlier copending application, Ser. No. 605,464, filed on Dec. 28, 1966 and now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process of manufacturing rolled stock. A continuous casting is subjected to two successive rolling operations which are controlled so that the mass flow rate of the casting immediately before the first rolling operation is at least 0.5 percent higher than immediately after said first rolling operation, the mass flow rate of said casting is the same before and after the second rolling operation, and the second rolling operation reduces the cross-sectional area of the casting by at least percent. The process may be carried out immediately after a continuous casting operation so that the casting contains a molten core immediately before the first rolling operation. The process may be applied to the manufacture of billets, slabs and sheet bars made from various types of steels, such as plain carbon and alloy structural and tool steels, spring steels, stainless and acid-resisting steels.
The mass flow rate referred to hereinabove is equal to the product of the cross-sectional area of the strand and the linear velocity of the strand.
A number of proposals have already been made for rolling products of continuous casting processes. According to these proposals, the products can be rolled while they still contain a molten core or when the casting has been completely solidified. The known processes result generally in the desired reduction in cross-section and in an improvement of the surface of the casting. On the other hand, the disturbing and sometimes inevitable internal flaws which often occur in products of continuous casting processes have not been removed or have not been sufiiciently removed by these known processes. During a shaping of the casting when it still contains a molten core, cracks due to squeezing may occur and such cracks may not be closed during the subsequent processing so that defective products result.
The present invention is based on the observation that continuous castings can be shaped with the aid of two pairs of rolls, which pairs are spaced in the axial direction of the casting, to produce rolled stock which is particularly free of internal flaws and which has desirable properties in other respects too. In carrying out the rolling process according to the invention, the product of the cross-sectional area of the casting and the velocity of the casting before the first pair of rolls must be at least 0.5 percent larger than behind this first pair of rolls and this product must be equal before and behind the second pair of rolls, which efi'ect a reduction in cross-section by at least 10 percent.
Hence, the invention relates to a process of making rolled stock directly from products of continuous casting processes with the aid of two pairs of rolls, and the invention resides in that the two pairs of rolls which are spaced apart in the direction of the axis of the product are set so that the product of the cross-sectional area of the material and the velocity of the material immediately before the first pair of rolls is at least 0.5 percent larger than immediately behind said first pair, and said product is the same before and behind the second pair of rolls, which eflects a reduction in cross-section by at least 10 percent.
The fact that the. products of the cross-sectional area of the material and the velocity of the material is larger before the first pair of rolls than behind the same may be due to various reasons. This difl'erence may be due to core imperfections, secondary pipes, blowholes and the like. Experiments have shown that the continuous casting at room temperature may have a void volume amounting to 1 percent. In carrying out the process according to the invention it is essential in this case that the voids are entirely eliminated by the shaping effected by the first pair of rolls. This is essential for meeting the second requirement that the product of the cross-sectional area of the material and the velocity of the material before and after the second pair of rolls should be the same whereas the cross-sectional area is reduced by at least 10 rolls.
In contrast to a usual rolling of the continuous casting in a rolling mill after a soaking of the casting to the rolling temperature, the process according to the inventionis preferably carried out at a time when the temperature in the interior of the casting is still close to the solidus temperature whereas the surface of the continuous casting has already reached the usual rolling temperature. In the shaping process according to the invention, this temperature distribution promotes a reliable welding and elimination of the internal flaws.
The solidus temperature in the interior of the cast strand can, of course, not be exactly measured during a casting operation. Thus, by the expression close to the solidus temperature is meant that the interior of the cast strand has a temperature range the upper limit of which is defined by the liquidus temperature and the lower limit of which is defined by a temperature not more than C. under the solidus temperature of the steel of the cast strand. The aforedescribed two temperature limits are completely defined for all types of steel and will be easily ascertainable to a man skilled in the art. The temperatures of the surface of the cast strand can, of course, be exactly measured and these temperatures, in the process of this invention, should be as follows: for the edges of the cast strand (assuming, of course, that a strand having edges is being cast) should be in the range of about between l,050 l,250 C. Thetemperature on the even surfaces of the cast strand should be about 30 50 C. higher.
When billets are made of continuous castings by the process according to the invention, particularly good results will be obtained if the product of the cross-section of the material and the velocity of the material before the first pair of rolls, i.e. the mass flow rate, is l 5 percent larger before the first pair of rolls than behind the same. This has been found by means of experiments mainly in processing plain carbon and alloy structural and tool steels, spring steels and stainless and acid resisting steels.
Examples of such steels are given in the following table:
percent by the second pair of In making slabs or sheet bars for use in the manufactureof sheet, the product of the cross-sectional area of the material and the velocity of the material before the first pair of rolls, i.e.: the mass flow rate, is preferably 5 25 percent larger than behind the first pair of rolls.
These recommendations are particularly applicable to the processing of plain carbon and alloy tool steels and of special steels. Examples of such steels are listed in the'following table:
C Si Mn Cr V W Ni Ti 1: 0.8502 0.25 b 0.8502 0.4 0.5 0.2 c 1.0003 0.3 1.5 d 1050.2 0.9 1.1 1.5 e 0.9502 1.07 0.5 0.1 0.55 f max 0.0606 0.8 18.5 10.0 gmax 0.0606 0.8 18.5 10.5 0.35 hmax. 0100.4 0.4 17.0 max. 0.3 1' 0.1004 0.4 13.0 max. 0.3
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The invention is illustrated by way of example in the sole FIGURE of the accompanying drawing which forms part of this application and in which there is illustrated diagrammatically an apparatus which is suitable for carrying out the process of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT From a ladle, not shown, molten steel is supplied to the top end ofa mold l, which is, for example, square. When the casting 2 has partly solidified in the mold 1, it is withdrawn from the mold along a curved path by means of the pair of rolls 6. The guide rollers, means for a direct cooling of the casting and means for controlling the surface temperature of the casting are ar ranged along this path. These means are known per se and are not shown on the drawing. Behind these various means, the casting moves in succession past the sensing unit 3, the pair of rolls 6, the sensing unit 4, the
4 pair of vertical rolls 7 and finally the sensing unit 5. The
The respective diameters of the pair of rolls 6 and 7 should be 2 4 times, and preferably 2 as times, as large as the thickness, respectively diameter, of the cast strand. The types of rolls used in the process of this invention are not of the usual caliber rolls, but rolls having a relatively smooth surface. The distance between the pairs of rolls 6 and 7 should be at least 6 times and not more than 12 times the thickness, i.e. diameter, of the strand. I As soon as the starter bar, which hasbeen used in known manner for initiating the casting operation, has
left the pairs of rolls 6 and 7, these pairs of rolls are screwed down so that the reduction in cross-section by the pair of rolls 7 is at least 10 percent and the reduction in cross-section by the pair of rolls 6 is about 5 percent. At the same time, the above mentioned products of the cross-sectional area and the velocity of the casting at the locations of the several sensing units are computed and compared. 1f said product, that is the mass flow rate, at the location of thesensing unit 4 is larger than at the location of the sensing unit 5, the amount of deformation effected by the pair of rolls 6 is not sufficient to eliminate all internal voids in the casting. For this reason, the pair of rolls 6 are screwed down further so that the clearance between the two rolls is further reduced, and the pair of rolls 7 are sufficiently readjusted to ensure a reduction in cross-section by at least 10 percent by this pair of rolls. The abovementioned products at the locations of the several sensing units are compared once more. This sequence of operations is repeated until the abovementioned products at the 10- cations of the sensing units 4 and 5 arethe same and are smaller by at least 0.5 percent than the corresponding product at the location of the sensing unit 3.
When this state has been reached, the shaping operation effected by the pair of rolls 6 can be relied upon to eliminate all voids and to squeeze out any residual molten metal so that the reduction in cross-section of the casting by at least 10 percent to which the casting is subjected when passing between the rolls 7 will not result in a further compaction of the casting.
Thus, the process according to the invention enables a simple and quick adjustrnent of the conditions under which continuous castings can be directly rolled, depending on the properties of the continuous casting, so as to obtain rolled stock having asatisfactory, dense structure.
What is claimed isi 1. A process for making rolled stock directly from a product of a continuous casting process,
comprising the steps of subjecting said product to successive first and second rolling operation by means of a first and a second pair of rolls;
said first rolling operation taking place at a point where the interior of the casting is still close to the solidus temperature while the surface of the casting has already reached the usual rolling temperature;
adjustable controlling said rolling operations by adjusting the respective clearances between the rolls of said first and second pair of rolls so that the mass flow rate of said product immediately before said first pair of rolls is at least 0.5 percent higher than immediately after said pair of rolls, whereas the mass flow rate of said product remains substantially unchanged before and after said second pair of rolls, said second pair of rolls reducing the cross-sectional area of the product passing therebetween by at least percent.
2. A process as set forth in claim 1, in which said product is in an as-cast state immediately before said first rolling operation.
3. A process as set forth in claim 1, for making billets, in which said first rolling operation is controlled so that the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is l 5 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
4. A process as set forth in claim 3, as applied to the manufacture of billets having a round cross-section.
5. A process as set forth in claim 3, as applied to the manufacture of billets having a rectangular cross-section.
6. A process as set forth in claim 1, for making slabs, in which the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is 5 25 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
7. A process as set forthin claim 1, for making sheet bars, in which the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is 5 25 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
8. A process as set forth in claim 1, in which the distance between said first pair of rolls and said second pair of rolls is at least 6 times as large and no more than 12 times as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
9. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the diameters of the rolls of said first and second pair of rolls is 2 to 4 times as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
10. A process as set forth in claim 9, wherein the diameters of said first and second pair of rolls are about 2 5% as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
Claims (10)
1. A process for making rolled stock directly from a product of a continuous casting process, comprising the steps of subjecting said product to successive first and second rolling operation by means of a first and a second pair of rolls; said first rolling operation taking place at a point where the interior of the casting is still close to the solidus temperature while the surface of the casting has already reached the usual rolling temperature; adjustable controlling said rolling operations by adjusting the respective clearances between the rolls of said first and second pair of rolls so that the mass flow rate of said product immediately before said first pair of rolls is at least 0.5 percent higher than immediately after said pair of rolls, whereas the mass flow rate of said product remains substantially unchanged before and after said second pair of rolls, said second pair of rolls reducing the cross-sectional area of the product passing therebetween by at least 10 percent.
2. A process aS set forth in claim 1, in which said product is in an as-cast state immediately before said first rolling operation.
3. A process as set forth in claim 1, for making billets, in which said first rolling operation is controlled so that the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is 1 - 5 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
4. A process as set forth in claim 3, as applied to the manufacture of billets having a round cross-section.
5. A process as set forth in claim 3, as applied to the manufacture of billets having a rectangular cross-section.
6. A process as set forth in claim 1, for making slabs, in which the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is 5 - 25 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
7. A process as set forth in claim 1, for making sheet bars, in which the mass flow rate of said product before said first rolling operation is 5 - 25 percent higher than after said first rolling operation.
8. A process as set forth in claim 1, in which the distance between said first pair of rolls and said second pair of rolls is at least 6 times as large and no more than 12 times as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
9. A process as set forth in claim 1, wherein the diameters of the rolls of said first and second pair of rolls is 2 to 4 times as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
10. A process as set forth in claim 9, wherein the diameters of said first and second pair of rolls are about 2 1/2 as large as the thickness of the product passing therebetween.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT1110666A AT280191B (en) | 1966-12-01 | 1966-12-01 | Process for the production of rolled products from continuously cast products using two pairs of rolls |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3680623A true US3680623A (en) | 1972-08-01 |
Family
ID=3626791
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US847816A Expired - Lifetime US3680623A (en) | 1966-12-01 | 1969-07-29 | Improvements in or relating to processes of manufacturing rolled stock from products of continuous casting processes |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3680623A (en) |
AT (1) | AT280191B (en) |
CH (1) | CH468854A (en) |
ES (1) | ES347842A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1551261A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1183646A (en) |
SE (1) | SE325247B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4043382A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-08-23 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US4238230A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-12-09 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation | Process for producing free-machining steel |
US4456491A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1984-06-26 | Southwire Company | Method of hot-forming metals prone to crack during rolling |
US4584029A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1986-04-22 | Southwire Company | Method of hot-forming metals prone to crack during rolling |
US4817703A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1989-04-04 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Strip casing unit with downstream multi-stand continuous rolling mill |
US4846254A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-07-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rolling installation for and rolling method of continuous cast strip |
US4976306A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1990-12-11 | Mannesmann Ag | Combined continuous casting and rolling |
US5018666A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1991-05-28 | Cf&I Steel Corporation | Unitary one quarter mile long railroad rail free of weld seams |
US5195573A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1993-03-23 | Cf&I Steel Corporation | Continuous rail production |
US6669789B1 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2003-12-30 | Nucor Corporation | Method for producing titanium-bearing microalloyed high-strength low-alloy steel |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5422777B2 (en) * | 1973-09-17 | 1979-08-09 | ||
US4422884A (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1983-12-27 | Concast Ag | Method of treating a continuously cast strand formed of stainless steel |
GB2302054B (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1998-10-21 | Ralph Gladwin Haynes | Production of metal strip |
DE19860570C1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-10-05 | Sms Demag Ag | Process for the production of round billets |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US494659A (en) * | 1893-04-04 | Means for manufacturing metal bars or rods | ||
US2698467A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-01-04 | Edward W Osann Jr | Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal |
US3358358A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1967-12-19 | United States Steel Corp | Method of reducing width of metal slabs |
-
1966
- 1966-12-01 AT AT1110666A patent/AT280191B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1967
- 1967-11-27 CH CH1672167A patent/CH468854A/en unknown
- 1967-11-30 FR FR1551261D patent/FR1551261A/fr not_active Expired
- 1967-11-30 SE SE16491/67A patent/SE325247B/xx unknown
- 1967-11-30 ES ES347842A patent/ES347842A1/en not_active Expired
- 1967-11-30 GB GB54641/67A patent/GB1183646A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-07-29 US US847816A patent/US3680623A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US494659A (en) * | 1893-04-04 | Means for manufacturing metal bars or rods | ||
US2698467A (en) * | 1950-06-05 | 1955-01-04 | Edward W Osann Jr | Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal |
US3358358A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1967-12-19 | United States Steel Corp | Method of reducing width of metal slabs |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4043382A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-08-23 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for continuously casting steel |
US4238230A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-12-09 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation | Process for producing free-machining steel |
US4456491A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1984-06-26 | Southwire Company | Method of hot-forming metals prone to crack during rolling |
US4584029A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1986-04-22 | Southwire Company | Method of hot-forming metals prone to crack during rolling |
US4817703A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1989-04-04 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Strip casing unit with downstream multi-stand continuous rolling mill |
US4846254A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-07-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rolling installation for and rolling method of continuous cast strip |
US4958677A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1990-09-25 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rolling installation for and rolling method of continuous cast strip |
US4976306A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1990-12-11 | Mannesmann Ag | Combined continuous casting and rolling |
US5018666A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1991-05-28 | Cf&I Steel Corporation | Unitary one quarter mile long railroad rail free of weld seams |
US5195573A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1993-03-23 | Cf&I Steel Corporation | Continuous rail production |
US5419387A (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1995-05-30 | Cf&I Steel, L.P. | Continuous rail production |
US6669789B1 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2003-12-30 | Nucor Corporation | Method for producing titanium-bearing microalloyed high-strength low-alloy steel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1183646A (en) | 1970-03-11 |
ES347842A1 (en) | 1969-02-16 |
AT280191B (en) | 1970-04-10 |
DE1558171B2 (en) | 1975-10-16 |
DE1558171A1 (en) | 1970-03-19 |
FR1551261A (en) | 1968-12-27 |
SE325247B (en) | 1970-06-29 |
CH468854A (en) | 1969-02-28 |
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