US3680388A - Sampling of gaseous atmospheres - Google Patents

Sampling of gaseous atmospheres Download PDF

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Publication number
US3680388A
US3680388A US867759A US3680388DA US3680388A US 3680388 A US3680388 A US 3680388A US 867759 A US867759 A US 867759A US 3680388D A US3680388D A US 3680388DA US 3680388 A US3680388 A US 3680388A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
atmosphere
sampling tube
tube
lateral opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US867759A
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English (en)
Inventor
Derek Critchley
Frank Dawber
Kenneth Frederick Grainger
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Pilkington Group Ltd
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Pilkington Brothers Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G01N2001/242—Injectors or ejectors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the sampling of gaseous atmospheres, for example, the atmosphere existing in the headspace of a glass melting furnace, and is particularly applicable to the testing of gaseous atmospheres to measure the content of constituents thereof which are insoluble or only slightly soluble in water.
  • It is a main object of this invention is to provide a gas-sampling probe which is capable of working satisfactorily under such arduous conditions.
  • the invention provides a method of analyzing an atmosphere in respect of a given gas which is insoluble in water.
  • a sample of atmosphere is drawn into a sampling probe by means of a steam ejector pump, and the pressure of the steam supply is regulated so that entrained atmosphere is at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
  • the content of the gas in the entrained atmosphere is then determined.
  • a useful application of the invention is to the quantitative sampling of the oxygen content of furnace waste gases, for example the waste gases of an oil-fired furnace, as used in the batch-melting of glass.
  • the oxygen content of the waste gases provides an indication of the combustion conditions in the furnace burners; in an automatically controlled furnace the measured oxygen content of the waste gases, sampled continuously, can be utilized in a closed loop servo-system for controlling combustion in the furnace by controlling the air and/or fuel supply thereto.
  • FIG. 2 is an axial cross-section on an enlarged scale of the nozzle block employed in the probe of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-section of the probe on an enlarged scale, taken on line III-Ill in FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of gas analyzing apparatus employing the sampling probe of FIG. 1.
  • a gas-sampling probe indicated generally at 1 is adapted to be inserted through the wall of a furnace, for example an oil-fired furnace of the kind used for melting the batch for supplying molten glass to glass fiber drawing apparatus into the furnace atmosphere, which atmosphere will in general contain the combustion products of the furnace.
  • the probe 1 comprises a sampling tube 2 which is closed at its inner end, shown on the left-hand side of FIG. 1, which is to be inserted in the atmosphere to be sampled. Adjacent its inner end the tube 2 is provided with lateral openings 3 (two in number in this example) which communicate with the probe exterior (that is, with the atmosphere to be sampled in use of the probe) through respective laterally extending inlet pipes 4 (FIG. 3).
  • a steam supply line 5 extends coaxially within the sampling tube 2 and terminates in the region of the lateral openings 3 in a nozzle block 6, shown in further detail in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the nozzle block 6 has a generally cylindrical outer surface and fits within the sampling tube 2, the block extending at least partially across the lateral openings 3.
  • the external surface of the nozzle block 6 is recessed with two parallel flat surfaces 7 (FIG. 3) disposed opposite the respective openings 3 to define respective clearances 8 between the nozzle block 6 and the internal surface of the tube 2 at the respective openings 3.
  • the nozzle block 6 is formed in two parts, comprising a nozzle plate 10 and a cap 11, both made from a heat-and-acid-resistant alloy, for example that known as Incoloy 825.
  • the plate 10 has an axially extending peripheral flange 12 which is internally threaded and which receives an externally threaded part of the cap 11.
  • An annular sealing gasket 14 of copper is interposed between the end surface of the flange l2 and an axially facing surface provided on a flange formed on the cap 1 1.
  • the sampling tube 2 is surrounded coaxially by a cooling jacket comprising an outer cylindrical wall 18 and a cylindrical partition 20 interposed between the wall 18 and the tube 2.
  • the inner end of the wall' that is, the end adapted to be inserted in the atmosphere to be sampled, is closed and spaced from the closed inner end of the sampling tube 2, the inner end of the partition 20 being open and spaced from the closed end of the wall 18.
  • Inner and outer coolant flow passages 21, 22 respectively, of annular cross-section, are thereby defined between the wall 18, the partition 20 and the outer surface of the tube 2, the two inlet pipes 4 extending through the passages 21, 22 and projecting a short distance outwardly of the outer surface of the wall 18.
  • the respective coolant flow passages 21, 22 are closed at their outer ends and communicate with laterally extending coolant outlet and inlet pipes 23, 24 respectively.
  • the sampling tube 2 communicates at its outer end with a lateral sample supply conduit 25.
  • the probe 1 is inserted into a furnace atmosphere to be sampled through a suitable seal in the furnace wall 26a, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4, so that the lateral inlet pipes 4 are disposed in the said atmosphere while the various connections to the probe 1 are disposed outwardly of the furnace wall 26a.
  • the gas sample After passing through the filter device 30 the gas sample passes through a flow-meter 31 to an analyzer 32, in which the content of a particular gaseous waterinsoluble constituent in this case oxygen is measured continuously.
  • an analyzer 32 Any convenient known type of analyzer may be used. By measuring the oxygen content of the furnace waste gases the combustion conditions of the furnace burners can be deduced.
  • the analyzer 32 may be operatively associated with a closed loop servo-system for controlling the fuel-air ratio of the furnace burners so as to control the burners automatically and maintain a predetermined oxygen content in the furnace waste gases.
  • a probe according to claim 1 including a filter and a drier through which steam is supplied to the steam supply line, so that steam supplied is substantially free of particles and water.
  • a method of sampling an atmosphere comprising the steps of:
  • a probe according to claim 9 wherein a cooling jacket is provided completely surrounding the portion of the sampling tube located within the atmosphere, the cooling jacket having a substantially constant annular cross-section throughout the length thereof positioned within the atmosphere; and an atmosphere inlet pipe is provided extending through the jacket from said lateral opening.
  • cooling jacket comprises two coaxial tubular walls defining inner and outer passages of annular cross-section, said passages communicating with each other at the inner end of the sampling tube, and respective coolant fluid connections communicating with the inner and outer passages remotely from said inner end.
  • the nozzle block is formed with an internal chamber communicating centrally with the steam supply line, and includes a nozzle plate constituting one wall of the chamber and formed with a plurality of ejector nozzles spaced apart in an annular array surrounding the steam supply line, which nozzles communicate with the internal chamber.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US867759A 1968-11-01 1969-10-20 Sampling of gaseous atmospheres Expired - Lifetime US3680388A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB51863/68A GB1275905A (en) 1968-11-01 1968-11-01 Improvements in or relating to the sampling of gaseous atmospheres

Publications (1)

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US3680388A true US3680388A (en) 1972-08-01

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US867759A Expired - Lifetime US3680388A (en) 1968-11-01 1969-10-20 Sampling of gaseous atmospheres

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US (1) US3680388A (https=)
DE (1) DE1954426A1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2022374A1 (https=)
GB (1) GB1275905A (https=)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2446404A1 (de) * 1974-09-28 1976-04-08 Bayer Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur probennahme fuer analysengeraete in stroemenden abgasen
US4147500A (en) * 1976-06-30 1979-04-03 Elkem-Spigerverket A/S System for continuous analysis of gasses
EP0085139A1 (de) * 1982-01-14 1983-08-10 Krupp Polysius Ag Sonde zur Entnahme von Heissgas
US4485684A (en) * 1981-11-10 1984-12-04 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for extracting and analysing dust-laden gas samples
EP0135205A1 (de) * 1983-07-28 1985-03-27 Verein Deutscher Zementwerke e. V. Wassergekühlte Sonde zur Gasentnahme aus staubbeladenen Heissgasen
EP0292598A1 (de) * 1987-05-29 1988-11-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sondenanordnung für die Gasentnahme aus einem Drehrohr-Zementofen
US4970905A (en) * 1989-05-25 1990-11-20 University Of Utah Apparatus and method for sampling
EP0344618A3 (en) * 1988-05-30 1990-11-28 Tibor Bernath Gas-sampling device
US5018395A (en) * 1990-02-08 1991-05-28 Bacharach, Inc. Gas sampling device with improved mixed flow fan
GB2240625A (en) * 1990-02-01 1991-08-07 Harold Travis Bamber Monitoring gases
US5231865A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-08-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Diffusion gas diluter
WO1997026067A1 (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-07-24 Bacharach, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from combustion analyzer sample
US5777241A (en) * 1997-02-06 1998-07-07 Evenson; Euan J. Method and apparatus for sampling and analysis of furnace off-gases
US6042634A (en) * 1998-04-22 2000-03-28 Bacharach, Inc. Moisture extractor system for gas sampling
US6325843B1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2001-12-04 Bacharach, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from combustion analyzer sample
US20040149007A1 (en) * 2003-02-04 2004-08-05 Stephen Staphanos Sample handling system with solvent washing
CN1304828C (zh) * 2004-08-17 2007-03-14 长春吉大·小天鹅仪器有限公司 气泡吸收管

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4578986A (en) * 1984-07-06 1986-04-01 Champion International Corporation Gas analyzer for dry/dusty kilns
DE3637546A1 (de) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-05 Siemens Ag Probenaufbereitung fuer die kontinuierliche gasanalyse
US5425267A (en) * 1993-08-31 1995-06-20 Nalco Chemical Company Corrosion simulator and method for simulating corrosion activity of a process stream
DE10354188B4 (de) * 2003-11-20 2005-12-29 GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH Hochtemperaturentnahmesonde
DE102013001163B3 (de) * 2013-01-24 2014-04-30 Chemin Gmbh Gittersonde und ihre Verwendung
DE102016218397A1 (de) * 2016-09-23 2018-03-29 Rwth Aachen Gasentnahmesonde mit einem Verschleißschutz und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen
DE102017102046B4 (de) * 2017-02-02 2024-10-31 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Entnahmesonde und Verfahren zur Entnahme von Abgas

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1144718A (en) * 1915-03-19 1915-06-29 Fred H Meier Pump.
US2041803A (en) * 1933-12-06 1936-05-26 Charles J Wolff Well pumping unit
CA516705A (en) * 1955-09-20 Bailey Meter Company Gas sampling apparatus
US2934958A (en) * 1953-11-02 1960-05-03 Hays Corp Gas sampling device
US2987921A (en) * 1956-01-12 1961-06-13 Leeds & Northrup Co Methods and apparatus for sampling gases
US3106843A (en) * 1960-09-30 1963-10-15 Leeds & Northrup Co Atmosphere sampling probe
GB951467A (en) * 1960-03-01 1964-03-04 Leeds & Northrup Co Gas sampling probe

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA516705A (en) * 1955-09-20 Bailey Meter Company Gas sampling apparatus
US1144718A (en) * 1915-03-19 1915-06-29 Fred H Meier Pump.
US2041803A (en) * 1933-12-06 1936-05-26 Charles J Wolff Well pumping unit
US2934958A (en) * 1953-11-02 1960-05-03 Hays Corp Gas sampling device
US2987921A (en) * 1956-01-12 1961-06-13 Leeds & Northrup Co Methods and apparatus for sampling gases
GB951467A (en) * 1960-03-01 1964-03-04 Leeds & Northrup Co Gas sampling probe
US3106843A (en) * 1960-09-30 1963-10-15 Leeds & Northrup Co Atmosphere sampling probe

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2446404A1 (de) * 1974-09-28 1976-04-08 Bayer Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur probennahme fuer analysengeraete in stroemenden abgasen
US4147500A (en) * 1976-06-30 1979-04-03 Elkem-Spigerverket A/S System for continuous analysis of gasses
US4485684A (en) * 1981-11-10 1984-12-04 Krupp Polysius Ag Apparatus for extracting and analysing dust-laden gas samples
EP0085139A1 (de) * 1982-01-14 1983-08-10 Krupp Polysius Ag Sonde zur Entnahme von Heissgas
EP0135205A1 (de) * 1983-07-28 1985-03-27 Verein Deutscher Zementwerke e. V. Wassergekühlte Sonde zur Gasentnahme aus staubbeladenen Heissgasen
EP0292598A1 (de) * 1987-05-29 1988-11-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sondenanordnung für die Gasentnahme aus einem Drehrohr-Zementofen
EP0344618A3 (en) * 1988-05-30 1990-11-28 Tibor Bernath Gas-sampling device
US4970905A (en) * 1989-05-25 1990-11-20 University Of Utah Apparatus and method for sampling
WO1990014587A1 (en) * 1989-05-25 1990-11-29 University Of Utah Apparatus and method for sampling
GB2240625A (en) * 1990-02-01 1991-08-07 Harold Travis Bamber Monitoring gases
GB2240625B (en) * 1990-02-01 1994-06-01 Harold Travis Bamber Monitoring apparatus for gases
US5018395A (en) * 1990-02-08 1991-05-28 Bacharach, Inc. Gas sampling device with improved mixed flow fan
JPH0769252B2 (ja) * 1990-02-08 1995-07-26 バカラック，インコーポレイテッド 改良された混合流ファンを備えたガスサンプリング装置
US5231865A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-08-03 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Diffusion gas diluter
WO1997026067A1 (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-07-24 Bacharach, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from combustion analyzer sample
US6019821A (en) * 1996-01-16 2000-02-01 Bacharach, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from combustion analyzer sample
US6325843B1 (en) * 1996-01-16 2001-12-04 Bacharach, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from combustion analyzer sample
US5777241A (en) * 1997-02-06 1998-07-07 Evenson; Euan J. Method and apparatus for sampling and analysis of furnace off-gases
US6042634A (en) * 1998-04-22 2000-03-28 Bacharach, Inc. Moisture extractor system for gas sampling
US20040149007A1 (en) * 2003-02-04 2004-08-05 Stephen Staphanos Sample handling system with solvent washing
US20040149053A1 (en) * 2003-02-04 2004-08-05 Stephen Staphanos Sample handling system with solvent washing
CN1304828C (zh) * 2004-08-17 2007-03-14 长春吉大·小天鹅仪器有限公司 气泡吸收管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2022374A1 (https=) 1970-07-31
DE1954426A1 (de) 1970-06-25
GB1275905A (en) 1972-06-01

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