US3677766A - Method of forming gelatin image - Google Patents

Method of forming gelatin image Download PDF

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Publication number
US3677766A
US3677766A US13238A US3677766DA US3677766A US 3677766 A US3677766 A US 3677766A US 13238 A US13238 A US 13238A US 3677766D A US3677766D A US 3677766DA US 3677766 A US3677766 A US 3677766A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gelatin
image
water
light
toner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US13238A
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English (en)
Inventor
Yasui Tamai
Sadao Osawa
Seiichi Taguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3677766A publication Critical patent/US3677766A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G13/26—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern for the production of printing plates for non-xerographic printing processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G13/00—Electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G13/06—Developing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
    • G03G9/08775—Natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • this method of making a gelatin image comprises the steps of (I) Charging uniformly a light-sensitive layer for electro photography in the dark and then subjecting the lightsensitive layers to form an electrostatic latent image;
  • the sheet possessing the thus obtained gelatin image can be used as a gelatin relief for dye transfer. That is to say, a dye image can be obtained by the following three steps,
  • the electrophotographic developer containing the gelatin toner in the foregoing step (H) such a liquid developer is often used with the gelatin toner being contained in a carrier liquid having a resistance of 10 9 cm. or more.
  • a resin varnish soluble in the carrier liquid is incorporated in this liquid developer. It may be considered that the fixing of a gelatin image, in general meaning, is favorably carried out by the action of such a resin varnish and the subsequent hardening treatment of gelatin.
  • gelatin toner may be fixed by providing a thin layer of fixing resin on a sheet surface after forming a gelatin image.
  • This method has, however, the disadvantage that the transfer of a dye in the steps of (IV) and (V) tends to be hindered to give finally a low image density.
  • the foregoing objects of this invention can be accomplished by the discovery of a method of making a gelatin image.
  • the method comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a light-sensitive layer for electrophotog raphy; converting said latent image into a gelatin image by the use of an electrophotographic developer containing gelatin fine grains; feeding to the surface of said lightsensitive layer carrying said gelatin image water in an amount suificient to adhere the gelatin fine grains forming said gelatin image to the surface of said light-sensitive layer in the form of fine droplets, e.g., steam or aerosol spray and then hardening said gelatin image.
  • fine droplets e.g., steam or aerosol spray
  • the sheet may be heated at 35 C. or more during the same time.
  • the toners in the gelatin image adhere immediately to each other and a very high durability is given by the next hardening treatment.
  • the gelatin toner swells with water to give a tackiness and strong bond between the toner and light-sensitive layer surface.
  • the surface is exposed to steam directly after developing and drying whereby a highly fixed image is obtained without scratching.
  • the immersion of a sheet in warm water for applying water thereto is unsatisfactory since the gelatin toner forming an image is dissolved. Therefore, it is preferred to feed water in the form of droplets of steam or vapor.
  • the surface of the sheet is preferably held at a temperature of 30 C. or higher, since gelatin toner has a suitable tackiness at this temperature. It may also be considered to melt a gelatin layer during hardening but the toner contained therein becomes hard to resist cold water possibly due to its fine grain size. It is desirable in practice, therefore, to effect the step of applying steam prior to hardening.
  • Feeding of water to the sheet can be carried out by placing the sheet in an atmosphere at a high temperature and high humidity.
  • the developed sheet is arranged for 5 minutes in a closed vessel at a temperature of 40 C. and a relative humidity of 90% to thus fix a toner image.
  • feeding of water to a sheet can be carried out by the use of a spray adjusted so that no large water droplets are formed. Water is sprayed over the entire surface of the sheet followed by drying by warm air, thereby fixing the toner image. In case the diameter of water drop exceeds 0.1 mm., visible scratches appear in an image.
  • Judgment as to whether the firing is carried out completely or not is practiced by drying adequately a sheet surface sprayed with water and then rubbing an image area by finger. If the fixing is completed, the gelatin toner is no longer strippable from the surface of the light-sensitive layer.
  • Gelatin toner is thereby fixed with steam.
  • the thus obtained sheet is immersed in a bath containing a hardener, warmed and dried, whereby to harden the gelatin toner, forming an image.
  • hardeners are gelatin hardeners for conventional photography, preferably, an alcohol-soluble or acetone-soluble hardener, with good results.
  • a solution consisting of 90 parts of methyl alcohol, 9 parts of water and 1 part of formaldehyde is execellent for simplicity of processing.
  • a gelatin image is hardened, for example, by immersing a sheet carrying the gelatin image in this solution for from 10 to 30 seconds and then allowing the sheets to stand at room temperature for about 5 hours.
  • An electrophotographic light-sensitive layer used in this invention contains generally a photoconductive compound and an insulating resin.
  • a photoconductive compound and an insulating resin.
  • photoconductive zinc oxide as the photoconductor.
  • a support of the light-sensitive layer has preferably a high durability.
  • a low electric resistance layer is ordinarily provided between the light-sensitive layer and the support.
  • An electrophotographic developer containing gelatin fine grains, used in the invention, is preferably a liquid developer consisting of a nonpolar organic solvent having a high electric resistance (generally more than 10 2 cm.) which will hereinafter be referred to as the carrier liquid and gelatin fine grains contained therein.
  • a treatment for removing zinc oxide using an acid can be carried out after the foregoing hardening treatment of a gelatin image. This is a treatment such that an acid dye is absorbed in a gelatin image well in the case of using the gelatin image for the dye transfer process.
  • a gelatin relief having mechanically suflicient strength is obtained.
  • This gelatin image is adapted to the dye transfer process to obtain a color image as follows.
  • the gelatin image is contacted with an aqueous solution of an acid dye or a mordant dye and the dye as absorbed in the gelatin image area.
  • the foregoing step (V) is then carried out to obtain a color image.
  • An image obtained according to the invention has a very high quality, high light resistance and excellent color quality.
  • a deep color con be reproduced due to the absence of surface refiection, as compared with the image obtained using electrophotographically various pigment toners.
  • each color is so transparent that the color mixing is complete and true color reproduction is possible.
  • a gelatin image once obtained can repeatedly give a color image through dye transfer by supplying a dye and a number of prints can therefore be made economically.
  • Acetone 980 Cottonseed oil 20 to obtain a milk-white dispersion of gelatin. To the dispersion was added, with agitation, the following solution. Ml.
  • Varnish obtained by cooking a resin-modified phenolformaldehyde resin and linseed oil 4 Toluene 36 tin fine grains. The entire amount of the precipitate was added to the following mixed solvent and stirred.
  • a photoconductive zinc oxide and 20 parts of an epoxyester of dehydrated caster oil fatty acid were mixed with a suitable amount of toluene to give a uniform coating liquid.
  • To the liquid were added 0.02 part of fluorescein and 0.2 part of tetrabromophenol blue dissolved in a small amount of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether to expand the light sensitivity of the zinc oxide to the entire range of visible range.
  • a suitable amount of toluene was added thereto and coated onto an aluminum deposited polyethylene terephthalate film of 90 microns in thickness to give a dried thickness of about 8 microns. The thus obtained film, dried adequately in the dark, performed well as an electrophotographic sensitive material.
  • the resulting electrophotographic sensitive material was exposed to negative corona discharge in the dark to charge electrostatically the surface uniformly and then placed in an enlarger where it was subjected to projection exposure using a color slide as an original on which a red filter was superposed.
  • the exposed sensitive material was wetted with pure kerosene and immediately immersed in the foregoing liquid developer. Using a stainless steel tray during the same time, the latent image surface was allowed to be near the bottom of the tray which played the role of the developing electrode. The sensitive material was withdrawn after immersion for about 90 seconds, rinsed with isoparafiinic solvent and dried.
  • the sheet surface carrying the gelatin toner image was then held over a beaker in which 1000 ml. of water was boiling vigorously for an interval of 30 cm. After 10 seconds, it was observed, the gelatin toner image, looking initially whitish, became uniformly transparent. When the sheet was adequately dried again and the gelatin toner area was rubbed with a finger, the gelatin toner was adhered strongly to the surface of the light-sensitive layer.
  • the fixed sheet was immersed in a methanol bath containing 1% formaldehyde, allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours thereby hardening the gelatin image.
  • the sheet was immersed in a 50% acetic acid bath to remove the zinc oxide contained in the light-sensitive layer.
  • Zinc oxide was removed from the surface of the lightsensitive layer and the entire surface possessed a metallic lustrous appearance due to the aluminum layer under the light-sensitive layer.
  • the sheet was further washed adequately with distilled water, finally immersed in methanol, withdrawn and dried with warm air.
  • a gelatin relief for cyan print was obtained by the foregoing operations.
  • a gelatin layer-possessing sheet to be dyed was immersed in aluminum sulfate solution, positioned on the three reliefs in turn of register and pressed thereto.
  • the dye absorbed in each toner image was transferred to the gelatin layer by this step thus to obtain very high quality reproduction.
  • the relief was resistant to use of about runs.
  • COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE The same procedures as described in Example 1 were repeated but without fixing by steam to obtain a gelatin relief and, after the dye absorption, an image was obtained by transferring. In the image were found a partial lowering of the optical density and fine scratches. These problems were possibly due to the fact that the fixing was insufiicient and the gelatin toner image area was damaged during processings.
  • a method of preparing a gelatin image which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on an electrophotograp hic light-sensitive layer; converting said latent image into a gelatin image using a liquid electrophotographic developer containing gelatin fine grains drying to remove said liquid electrophotographic developer; applying small droplets of water of a diameter not exceeding 0.1 mm. to the surface of said light-sensitive layer carrying said gelatin image, said water being in an amount sufficient to adhere the gelatin fine grains forming said gelatin image to the surface of said light-sensitive layer; and hardening said gelatin image.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)
US13238A 1969-02-21 1970-02-20 Method of forming gelatin image Expired - Lifetime US3677766A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1301969 1969-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3677766A true US3677766A (en) 1972-07-18

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US13238A Expired - Lifetime US3677766A (en) 1969-02-21 1970-02-20 Method of forming gelatin image

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3677766A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE746101A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2007995C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1257442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864125A (en) * 1969-02-10 1975-02-04 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic method of making an imaging master
US4040828A (en) * 1975-01-06 1977-08-09 Xerox Corporation Multicolor imaging method and imaged member employing combinations of transparent toner and colorant
US4710447A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-12-01 Castcraft Industries, Inc. Color proofing and color proofing transfer process using water developed ink

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864125A (en) * 1969-02-10 1975-02-04 Xerox Corp Electrophotographic method of making an imaging master
US4040828A (en) * 1975-01-06 1977-08-09 Xerox Corporation Multicolor imaging method and imaged member employing combinations of transparent toner and colorant
US4710447A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-12-01 Castcraft Industries, Inc. Color proofing and color proofing transfer process using water developed ink

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2007995A1 (de) 1970-09-24
DE2007995B2 (de) 1974-03-07
BE746101A (fr) 1970-07-31
DE2007995C3 (de) 1974-09-26
GB1257442A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-15

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