US3676638A - Plasma spray device and method - Google Patents

Plasma spray device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3676638A
US3676638A US109369A US3676638DA US3676638A US 3676638 A US3676638 A US 3676638A US 109369 A US109369 A US 109369A US 3676638D A US3676638D A US 3676638DA US 3676638 A US3676638 A US 3676638A
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
spray device
disk
plasma
conduits
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Expired - Lifetime
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US109369A
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English (en)
Inventor
Mille Stand
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Sealectro Corp
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Sealectro Corp
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3478—Geometrical details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3484—Convergent-divergent nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/38—Guiding or centering of electrodes

Definitions

  • R m CM material rides on the cylindrical surface of the revolving gas n' 1- ATES PATENTS before being ejected from either a nonle with a constant interior diameter or a gradually changing diameter.
  • This application pertains to an improved plasma spray device which deposits heat fusible material onto a substrate to form a continuous film.
  • the plasma is effected by passing an ionizable gas between two electrodes which support an electric arc.
  • the material to be deposited on the substrate is added to the plasma during its passage through a large nozzle.
  • the gas is directed into a helical path by a plurality of conduits formed in a large disk.
  • the material rides on the cylindrical surface of the revolving gas before being ejected from either a nozzle with a constant interior diameter or a gradually changing diameter.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • TFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PTFE powder can also be sprayed onto cloth where it coalesces in a continuous film without injuring the fabric.
  • metal powders of various kinds can be successfully sprayed onto various substrates.
  • One of the features of the present invention is the use of a revolving plasma jet within the spraying device.
  • the path taken by the gas retains the powder material on or near its outer surface next to the nozzle.
  • Another feature is a smoothly curved modified nozzle which produces a venturi effect.
  • FIG. I is a cross sectional view of the preferred form of the plasma spray device taken along an axial line.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the large plate or disk with its conduits.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross sectional view of the large disk taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view showing an alternate form of the spray device with the insulating means positioned at a different location.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of an insulator plate with its gas directing conduits.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross sectional view of the insulator plate taken along line 66 of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of an alternate form of curving nozzle used to broaden the flame and to deposit a more even coating.
  • HO. 8 is a side view of the plasma gun device with covers thereon.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram of connections showing how the spray device may be powered from a standard A C supply line.
  • FIG. 10 is a detailed view of one of the preferred relationship between the electrodes.
  • the plasma device includes an outer retaining insulating cylinder 10, several cylindrical liners ll, 12, and 13, the latter being an extension of the nozzle portion 14.
  • the nozzle 14 is a hollow cylinder having a straight bore 15 formed with a step 16 adjacent to a plurality of injection conduits 17.
  • the injection conduits are positioned at an acute angle to the cyiinder axis in order to propel a stream of powdered material into bore 15 without disturbing the flow of gas in the bore.
  • Conduits 17 are connected to flexible powder tubes 18, which may be made of a plastic material such as polyethylene, rubber, or other suitable material.
  • the extension cylinder 13 is formed with a cone shaped cavity 20, the surface of which acts as one electrode of an electric arc discharge.
  • a smaller cone 21 at the end of a solid cylinder 22 acts as the other electrode for the arc discharge, the actual position of the are being at the edge of the cone 2!.
  • Copper may form the anode, and tungsten the cathode, for example.
  • Cylinder 22 may be supported by larger cylinders 23 and 24, the latter cylinder being held in alignment by a metal disk 25.
  • a switch 19 is used to apply power to the spray device.
  • a jacket 27 is formed by a short cylinder 28 and a flange 30 for distributing gas around the edge of disk 25. Gas is admitted to the device by a conduit 31 and is then distributed around the disk by a circular edge slot 32. A plurality of conduits 33 direct streams of gas from the vertical slot 32 into the space around cylinders 23 and 22, and then through the arc discharge and into nozzle cavity 15.
  • the conduits 33 direct the gas generally toward the axis of the nozzle opening 15 as shown by the angular direction in FIG. I. They also direct the flow of gas into a slight off-axis" direction as shown by FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the result is a combination of helix-directed streams which blend and form a rotating gas cylinder, moving along the nozzle cavity 15.
  • the gas moves through the electric arc, it is heated and ionized. If the resulting temperature is 4,000 F. or over, the gas remains in its ionized condition until cooled.
  • a plasma jet may be obtained of l0,000 15,000 F. By regulating the amount of power applied at the arc and controlling the rate of gas flow to the arc, the temperature of the plasma may be confirmed to a level below l0,000 F. and maintained there within a fairly narrow range.
  • Powder conveying conduits 17 are each bored at an angle which is substantially parallel to a corresponding gas conduit 33.
  • the powder is thereby injected into the revolving hot gas stream at a direction which has no tendency to divert or change the direction of the gas flow.
  • the injected plastic particles ride on the outside surface of the gas stream and are retained in that position because of centrifugal force. Since the direction and placement of the injected particles remain fixed, it is easy to adjust the ratio of flow and the arc current so that all the particles will emerge from the spray device at a desired temperature. Since the particles revolve with the gas, they traverse a longer path from the point of injection to the end of the nozzle and therefore have sufficient time to be heated to a predetermined temperature by the hot gas. Any non-corrosive insert gas may be used. Nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, and helium have given good results. Oxygen probably should be avoided because it tends to attack the electrode material adjoining the arc.
  • a plasma spray device is shown similar to the device of H68. 1, 2, and 3 but including a metal cylinder A which may be grounded and which is used as one of the terminals for the electrical power.
  • the disk A which directs the gas toward its helical motion is made of any type of insulator material such as Bakelite" (Union Carbide Corporation). The action is the same, except that only the central electrode 21, 22, 23, 24, is the cathode, all other metal parts being grounded.
  • FIGS. 1 and 4 no cooling means are indicated.
  • the device generates considerably heat so water cooling is generally part of the apparatus. Annular spaces between elements I1 and 12 have been used for cooling purposes. Such cooling methods are old in the art.
  • the nozzle 14A shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the nozzle of FIGS. 1 (and 4) except that it is shorter and contains a nozzle space which is curved and stream-lined.
  • the entrance cone 20A is preferably approximately at 45 angle has a rounded portion to reduce turbulent gas flow at this point.
  • the nozzle throat is gradually increased in cross sectional area up to a point near the exit portion so that the nozzle acts like a venturi.
  • the conduits 17A which carry the powder have their exit ports close to the maximum diameter of the nozzle. The result is a longer flame with increased diameter. With such a larger nozzle it is possible to deposit a uniform film of PTFE as thin as 0.001 inch thick on aluminum, stainless steel, etc.
  • conduits 175 which may be vertical as illustrated or at approximately a 30 forward angle to the vertical, making a total angle of approximately 461: with conduit 17A, and having a smoothly curved junction point.
  • Conduits 17A are preferably approximately 1630 to the horizontal.
  • the diameters of conduits 17A and B are preferably approximately 0.l", Certain of these representative dimensions are shown in the drawings.
  • conduits 17A are first drilled from the surfaces 54, then these entrances are plugged and new entrance conduits !7B are drilled so that the inlet powder pipes 18 (FIG. 4) may be attached.
  • the particle size varies considerably with the powder used. For the best deposits of metals, such as copper and stainless steel, the particle size should be small, about 0.002 inch in diameter. For PTFE and other plastics, which have a lower melting point, the particle size can be in the range of 0.0l0 to 0.025 inches.
  • F IG. 8 shows the assembled plasma spray device with a handle 36 and a cover 37.
  • the powder is entered through pipe 16 and water cooling entrance and exit tubes 40 and 42 are secured to the lower portion of the main body.
  • a flame 42 of plasma with powdered material is shown delivering material to a substrate 43 of any commercial material.
  • a rectifier circuit as shown in FIG. 9 may be employed.
  • the circuit is conventional and includes a transformer 45 having a primary winding 46 connected in series with a variable resistor 47.
  • a secondary winding 48 is connected to a full wave rectifier 50 including four semiconductor diodes 51.
  • An ammeter 52 is connected in series with the load conductor and a voltmeter 53 is connected across the load. These instruments are necessary for adjusting the arc to the right intensity since the arc is inside the device and cannot be seen.
  • Switch 19 connects the rectifier circuit to the arc terminals.
  • Powdered PT FE, polyethylene, and polypropolene have been sprayed onto a substrate to form an integral continuous film. Also, metal powder such as aluminum, copper, tin, and lead have been successfully sprayed by the device described above.
  • a plasma spray device for depositing powdered heat fusible material carried by a plasma onto a substrate comprising, means to produce a rotating plasma, a nozzle having a conduit for the passage of the powdered heat fusible material mixed with a plasma, an opening leading into said nozzle conduit for supplying powdered material to the hot plasma, said opening disposed at an angle to the nozzle conduit for tangently directing the powder into a rotating plasma and mixing with the surface layer thereof, said nozzle formed with a flared conical surface at its interior end which forms a first electrode for an electric are, an axial cyiinder secured adjacent to said conical surface for forming a second electrode, said first and second electrodes defining an arc space, a gas distribution disk mounted around a supporting structure which disk holds the axial cylinder in place, an annular space in said gas disk connected to a source of gas supply, and a plurality of angular eject conduits in said disk so constructed that the gases issuing therefrom will rotate as they pass through the a
  • a spray device as claimed in claim I wherein said openings which supply powdered material and said eject conduits are disposed at approximately the same angular relationship to the nozzle conduit axis.
  • a spray device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said disk is secured to the nozzle and to said axial cylinder whereby an electric potential is established therebetween for supporting an electric arc.
  • a spray device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a series of openings are provided for supplying powdered material to the nozzle, said openings being mounted opposite to each other in the nozzle cylinder.
  • a spray device as claimed in claim I wherein said axial cylinder is formed with a conical end, the angle of said cone being greater than the angle of said flared conical surface.
  • a plasma spray device to produce a rotating plasma for depositing powdered heat fusible material carried by the plasma onto a substrate comprising a nozzle, two electrodes spaced apart and defining an arc space therebetween, a disk associated with said electrodes, a source of gas supply leading to said disk, said disk formed with a plurality of first angular eject conduits so constructed that the gas issuing therefrom rotates through the arc space and the nozzle, and a plurality of second conduits in the nozzle for supplying powdered mate rial into the rotating plasma, said first and second conduits disposed at the same angular relationship to the nozzle conduit axis.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
US109369A 1971-01-25 1971-01-25 Plasma spray device and method Expired - Lifetime US3676638A (en)

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US10936971A 1971-01-25 1971-01-25

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US (1) US3676638A (de)
BE (1) BE771967A (de)
CH (1) CH531899A (de)
DE (1) DE2144872C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2151487A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1320809A (de)
NL (1) NL155706B (de)

Cited By (47)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3760151A (en) * 1972-08-11 1973-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Arc detecting material admission apparatus for use in combination with an electric arc heater
US3851140A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-11-26 Kearns Tribune Corp Plasma spray gun and method for applying coatings on a substrate
US4199104A (en) * 1976-01-23 1980-04-22 Plasmainvent Ag Plasma spraying apparatus
US4256779A (en) * 1978-11-03 1981-03-17 United Technologies Corporation Plasma spray method and apparatus
US4506136A (en) * 1982-10-12 1985-03-19 Metco, Inc. Plasma spray gun having a gas vortex producing nozzle
US4621183A (en) * 1983-10-26 1986-11-04 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Powder surface welding method
US4788402A (en) * 1987-03-11 1988-11-29 Browning James A High power extended arc plasma spray method and apparatus
US4806384A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-02-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Process for forming exoergic structures with the use of a plasma
US4866240A (en) * 1988-09-08 1989-09-12 Stoody Deloro Stellite, Inc. Nozzle for plasma torch and method for introducing powder into the plasma plume of a plasma torch
US4933241A (en) * 1987-05-29 1990-06-12 United States Department Of Energy Processes for forming exoergic structures with the use of a plasma and for producing dense refractory bodies of arbitrary shape therefrom
EP0396528A2 (de) * 1989-05-03 1990-11-07 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Beschichten von Oberflächen
US5041713A (en) * 1988-05-13 1991-08-20 Marinelon, Inc. Apparatus and method for applying plasma flame sprayed polymers
US5120582A (en) * 1991-01-16 1992-06-09 Browning James A Maximum combustion energy conversion air fuel internal burner
WO1992012804A1 (en) * 1991-01-16 1992-08-06 Browning James A Thermal spray method utilizing in-transit powder particle temperatures below their melting point
US5233153A (en) * 1992-01-10 1993-08-03 Edo Corporation Method of plasma spraying of polymer compositions onto a target surface
US5518178A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-05-21 Sermatech International Inc. Thermal spray nozzle method for producing rough thermal spray coatings and coatings produced
US5858469A (en) * 1995-11-30 1999-01-12 Sermatech International, Inc. Method and apparatus for applying coatings using a nozzle assembly having passageways of differing diameter
US20050082395A1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-21 Thomas Gardega Apparatus for thermal spray coating
US20050183542A1 (en) * 2004-02-05 2005-08-25 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Plasma processing apparatus for powder and plasma processing method for powder
US20050252450A1 (en) * 2002-01-08 2005-11-17 Flame Spray Industries, Inc. Plasma spray method and apparatus for applying a coating utilizing particle kinetics
US20060180080A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-17 Sulzer Metco Ag Apparatus for thermal spraying
US20070021748A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-25 Nikolay Suslov Plasma-generating device, plasma surgical device, use of a plasma-generating device and method of generating a plasma
US20070021747A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-25 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Plasma-generating device, plasma surgical device and use of plasma surgical device
US20070029292A1 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-02-08 Nikolay Suslov Plasma-generating device, plasma surgical device and use of a plasma surgical device
US20080185366A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Nikolay Suslov Plasma spraying device and method
WO2008092478A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Plasma Technologies Ltd Plasma spraying device and method
US20090039790A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Nikolay Suslov Pulsed plasma device and method for generating pulsed plasma
US20090039789A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Suslov Nikolay Cathode assembly and method for pulsed plasma generation
US20090123662A1 (en) * 2005-04-11 2009-05-14 Stefan Laure Plasma Coating Device and Method
US20110104381A1 (en) * 2004-01-15 2011-05-05 Stefan Laure Plasma Treatment of Large-Scale Components
WO2011075448A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-06-23 Sdcmaterials Llc Non-plugging d.c.plasma gun
US20110190752A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-04 Nikolay Suslov Methods of sealing vessels using plasma
US20140166625A1 (en) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 Fuji Engineering Co., Ltd. Plasma spraying apparatus
US9089319B2 (en) 2010-07-22 2015-07-28 Plasma Surgical Investments Limited Volumetrically oscillating plasma flows
WO2015125004A1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Lincoln Global, Inc. Improved nozzle and nozzle throat for thermal processing and torch equipment
US9427732B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2016-08-30 SDCmaterials, Inc. Catalyst design for heavy-duty diesel combustion engines
US9433938B2 (en) 2011-02-23 2016-09-06 SDCmaterials, Inc. Wet chemical and plasma methods of forming stable PTPD catalysts
US9511352B2 (en) 2012-11-21 2016-12-06 SDCmaterials, Inc. Three-way catalytic converter using nanoparticles
US9517448B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2016-12-13 SDCmaterials, Inc. Compositions of lean NOx trap (LNT) systems and methods of making and using same
US9522388B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2016-12-20 SDCmaterials, Inc. Pinning and affixing nano-active material
US9533299B2 (en) 2012-11-21 2017-01-03 SDCmaterials, Inc. Three-way catalytic converter using nanoparticles
US9533289B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2017-01-03 SDCmaterials, Inc. Advanced catalysts for automotive applications
US9586179B2 (en) 2013-07-25 2017-03-07 SDCmaterials, Inc. Washcoats and coated substrates for catalytic converters and methods of making and using same
US9592492B2 (en) 2007-10-15 2017-03-14 SDCmaterials, Inc. Method and system for forming plug and play oxide catalysts
US9599405B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2017-03-21 SDCmaterials, Inc. Highly turbulent quench chamber
US9687811B2 (en) 2014-03-21 2017-06-27 SDCmaterials, Inc. Compositions for passive NOx adsorption (PNA) systems and methods of making and using same
US11882643B2 (en) 2020-08-28 2024-01-23 Plasma Surgical, Inc. Systems, methods, and devices for generating predominantly radially expanded plasma flow

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US4694990A (en) * 1984-09-07 1987-09-22 Karlsson Axel T Thermal spray apparatus for coating a substrate with molten fluent material
SE462266B (sv) * 1987-07-16 1990-05-28 Spt Plasmatek Ab Plasmabraennare med anordningar foer centrering och fasthaallning av elektroden
AT4599U1 (de) * 2000-06-21 2001-09-25 Inocon Technologie Gmbh Plasmabrenner

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US2960594A (en) * 1958-06-30 1960-11-15 Plasma Flame Corp Plasma flame generator
US3061710A (en) * 1961-01-24 1962-10-30 Thermal Dynamics Corp Electric arc torches
US3145287A (en) * 1961-07-14 1964-08-18 Metco Inc Plasma flame generator and spray gun
US3167633A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-01-26 Thermal Dynamics Corp Electric arc torch
US3114826A (en) * 1962-06-06 1963-12-17 Plasmadyne Corp High-temperature spray apparatus
US3179784A (en) * 1962-12-20 1965-04-20 Giannini Scient Corp Method and apparatus for spraying plastics

Cited By (79)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3760151A (en) * 1972-08-11 1973-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Arc detecting material admission apparatus for use in combination with an electric arc heater
US3851140A (en) * 1973-03-01 1974-11-26 Kearns Tribune Corp Plasma spray gun and method for applying coatings on a substrate
US4199104A (en) * 1976-01-23 1980-04-22 Plasmainvent Ag Plasma spraying apparatus
US4256779A (en) * 1978-11-03 1981-03-17 United Technologies Corporation Plasma spray method and apparatus
DK151046B (da) * 1979-06-11 1987-10-19 Gator Gard Inc Fremgangsmaade og apparat til plasmabaaret pulversproejtning
US4506136A (en) * 1982-10-12 1985-03-19 Metco, Inc. Plasma spray gun having a gas vortex producing nozzle
US4621183A (en) * 1983-10-26 1986-11-04 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Powder surface welding method
US4788402A (en) * 1987-03-11 1988-11-29 Browning James A High power extended arc plasma spray method and apparatus
US4933241A (en) * 1987-05-29 1990-06-12 United States Department Of Energy Processes for forming exoergic structures with the use of a plasma and for producing dense refractory bodies of arbitrary shape therefrom
US4806384A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-02-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Process for forming exoergic structures with the use of a plasma
US5041713A (en) * 1988-05-13 1991-08-20 Marinelon, Inc. Apparatus and method for applying plasma flame sprayed polymers
US4866240A (en) * 1988-09-08 1989-09-12 Stoody Deloro Stellite, Inc. Nozzle for plasma torch and method for introducing powder into the plasma plume of a plasma torch
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DE2144872A1 (de) 1972-09-14
GB1320809A (en) 1973-06-20
FR2151487A5 (de) 1973-04-20
NL155706B (nl) 1978-01-16
BE771967A (fr) 1971-12-31
NL7112335A (de) 1972-07-27
CH531899A (de) 1972-12-31
DE2144872B2 (de) 1980-09-11
DE2144872C3 (de) 1981-05-14

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