US3675172A - Damping apparatus for a linear actuator device - Google Patents

Damping apparatus for a linear actuator device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3675172A
US3675172A US144084A US3675172DA US3675172A US 3675172 A US3675172 A US 3675172A US 144084 A US144084 A US 144084A US 3675172D A US3675172D A US 3675172DA US 3675172 A US3675172 A US 3675172A
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Prior art keywords
energy
rebound
energy transfer
slug
actuator
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US144084A
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English (en)
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Neil J Petusky
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IIS Inc
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Decision Data Corp
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Assigned to DECISION DATA INC., A PA CORP. reassignment DECISION DATA INC., A PA CORP. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE, AS AGENT
Assigned to FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE reassignment FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DECISION DATA INC.
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Assigned to DECISION DATA INC. reassignment DECISION DATA INC. LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON, THE
Assigned to DECISION DATA HOLDINGS LTD. reassignment DECISION DATA HOLDINGS LTD. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DECISION DATA, INC.
Assigned to DECISION DATA INC. reassignment DECISION DATA INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DECISION DATA HOLDINGS LTD.
Assigned to PROPERTIES HOLDING CORPORATION reassignment PROPERTIES HOLDING CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DECISION DATA INC.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/088—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures provided with means for absorbing shocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/42—Hammer-impression mechanisms with anti-rebound arrangements

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A damping system used for controlling the rebound of actuator members used in high speed printers or the like is disclosed.
  • the system involves the use of the principle that when masses collide in an elastic collision, the kinetic energy of the system remains constant-1n the system, a secondary mass is free for limited movement between restraining walls at least one of which is of energy absorptive material and is positioned in the path of a rebounding actuator element.
  • the collision between the actuator element and the mass results in a trans-- ference of kinetic energy to the secondary mass which energy is rapidly dissipated as the secondary mass collides with the energy absorptive material.
  • a holding coil for holding the actuator element following the collision with the primary mass and an intermittently operable firing coil which when energized overrides the holding force and tires the actuator element.
  • the data may be recorded in the form of a perforation caused by the movable actuator member or in case of a printer, the actuator member typically operates in conjunction with a rotatable print wheel carrying type representative of data to be imprinted on the record medium.
  • the record medium is locatedbetween the print wheel and actuator member and the latter is selectively propelled so that it causes the record medium to impact against the print wheel thereby causing the print wheel to imprint a type character on the record medium.
  • the time requirements imposed are such that a cycle must be completed in extremely short intervals, such as mil liseconds and therefor the return portion of the cycle must be of an extremely short duration, so that the acutator is ready to begin the next cycle as soon as possible.
  • the actuator member returns to its rest position,'a large quantity of kinetic energy is associated with it and if this energy is not rapidly and effectively dissipated it may cause the member to bounce back and strike the record medium a second time thereby making a second imprint on the medium. Even if the member does not strike the record medium the rebound oscillations are undesirable as the member should be essentially at rest before the beginning of the next print cycle if the system is to have reliability of perfonnance.
  • an object of the invention is the provision of means for rapidly reducing the kinetic energy of a rebounding actuator member.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of means for preventing secondary print impressions in a high speed printing mechanism.
  • a more specific object of the invention is the provision of apparatus using momentum effects for transferring energy between masses and dissipative collisions for dissipating the kinetic energy transferred.
  • the foregoing and various other objects of the invention are achieved by the provision of a secondary mass positioned in the rebound path of the actuator member so that the actuator member collides with the secondary mass in an elastic collision.
  • the invention takes advantage of the principle that in an elastic collision between two masses the kinetic energy of the system remains constant.
  • the secondary mass collides with a restraining wall following its initial collision with the rebounding actuator member.
  • Restraining walls are positioned on both sides of the secondary mass and one or both of the restraining walls are formed of a material which is highly energy absorptive.
  • the secondary mass is slightly heavier than the actuator point of impact of and the secondary mass will move at a relatively large velocity in the same direction as the actuator member was moving just prior to the time of collision. Since the secondary mass is confined by the two walls, it almost immediately collides with the first of these walls and if that wall is made of energy absorptive material it'loses a large portion of the kinetic energy to that wall. According to the preferred embodiment of the invention when the secondary mass rebounds from the energy absorptive wall it almost immediately impacts on the other wall and if that wall is also of an energy absorptive material it loses a large percentage of the remaining kinetic energy. Collisions of the secondary mass with the two walls'will continue until all of the kinetic energy in the secondary mass is dissipated.
  • the holding coil may 4 be constantly energized and a firing coil which is not normally energized may provide an impelling force on the actuator member which is greater than the holding force in order to propel the actuator member.
  • the motion of the actuator element is typically rectilinear but actuators incorporating the principles of the invention need not follow straight line paths and may move in arcuate or other paths.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical representation showing mass and energy relationships involved underlying the invention.
  • the actuator device comprises a block 10 in which is mounted a coil assembly 11.
  • Coil assembly 11 comprises a tube or core 12 formed of a non-magnetic material such as glass.
  • Pole pieces l3, l4 and 15 are mounted on the tube 12.
  • a firing coil 16 is provided intermediate poles l4 and 13 and a holding coil 17 having a relatively small number of ampere turns with respect to the ampere turns of the firing coil 16 is provided between pole pieces 14 and 15.
  • Leads 18 are provided for energizing the coil 16 and leads 19 are provided for energizing the coil 17.
  • the actuator member or slug element 20 which in the preferred embodiment of the invention is formed of a substantially non-compressible magnetic material.
  • the slug element 20 is held in position by the holding coil 17 and to this end means are provided for energizing the holding coil.
  • Holding coil 17 applies a holding force on the element which in the absence of a greater force applied by the firing coil is sufficient to ordinarily hold it against movement.
  • a force is applied axially of the tubel2 which is sufliciently great to overcome the holding force and propel the element 20 from the tube.
  • the-element 20 is propelled against the record medium which may be a punch card, paper tape or the like with sufiicient force so that is impacts on the record medium thereby forcing it against a printing wheel and effecting a printing operation.
  • the element Following the printing stroke of the element, it is returned to its initial position of rest shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the slug element acts as a hammer forcing the record medium against an element bearing type characters
  • the element is possessed of sufficient member the actuator member will rebound slightly from the kinetic energy to rebound rapidly away from its position at impact and to move with high velocity towards its initial position.
  • spring means or some other means providing an assisting force may be provided to assist in the return of the actuator element to its initial position.
  • the invention is intended to damp the high quantity of kinetic energy which the element 20 may possess during its return or rebound movement.
  • the invention involves the use of a secondary mass or energy transfer element 22 located so that it is in axial alignment with the element 20 in position so that the element 20 collides with it during its return movement.
  • Element 22 is preferably formed of a non-compressible material and is mounted between a pair of walls 23 and 24.
  • Each of walls 23 and 24 is positioned in proximity to the mass 22. At least one of the walls is formed of an energy absorptive material.
  • An example of an energy absorptive material producing excellent results is a high density polymer sold under the trademark GAR-DUR by Garland Mfg. C0,, Soco, Maine. According to the literature GAR-DUR is an ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
  • the collision between the actuator element and the energy transfer element is theoretically an elastic collision although perfectly elastic collisions are unknown except perhaps between atoms, molecules and electrons.
  • substantially any materials may be employed for the actuator element and the energy transfer element which do not substantially compress when they collide under the conditions of use contemplated. The suitability of the materials to be employed may be readily determined by a few field trials.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates th mass and energy relationships involved in the invention.
  • the curves in FIG. 3 represent the case where a collision has occurred.
  • the curves E and V indicate the kinetic energy and velocity of the first mass that is, of the actuator or slug element 20.
  • Curves E and V indicate the energy and velocity of the secondary mass or energy transfer element 22. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that as the ratio K of the two masses approaches unity, the energy and velocity of mass I that is, the actuator element 20, drop to 0. Where K is between about 0.5 and about 2, substantial energy transfer can be achieved.
  • coil biasing force should be just sufficient to return the actuator element to its point of impact with the energy transfer element at about the time that the energy transfer element has transferred all of its energy to the energy absorptive material.
  • Apparatus for damping the rebound oscillations of a first reciprocating element used in the recording of data on a record medium comprising a secondary .element located in the rebound path of the first element for collision with said first element during its rebound motion, wherein the ratio of the mass'of said secondary element to said first element approaches unity, said secondary element being mounted for limited movement in the direction of motion of the reciprocating element following a collision therewith and a body of energy absorptive material for limiting movement of the secondary mass.
  • Apparatus for damping the rebound oscillations of a linear actuator element used in the recording of data on a record medium comprising intermittently operable firing force applying means for propelling said element towards the record medium, an energy transfer member in the rebound path of said actuator element for collision with the actuation element during its rebound motion, said energy transfer member being mounted for limited movement along the path of movement of the actuator element upon a collision with the actuator member, said member and said element being formed of a relatively non-compressible material and an energy absorptive material positioned in the path of movement of said energy transfer member for absorbing the kinetic energy of said energy transfer member upon a collision therewith.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 comprising holding force applying means for holding said actuator member following rebound from said energy transfer member.
  • said actuator member is formed of a magnetic material
  • said firing force means comprising a coil surrounding said actuator member and energizable to propel said actuator member in a first direction, and wherein the number of ampere turns of the holding coil is relatively small with respect to the ampere turns of said firing coil.
  • Apparatus for damping the rebound oscillations of a slug element used for high speed printing or the like comprising firing force applying means for driving the element against a record medium, an energy transfer element located in the rebound path of said slug element, said energy transfer element having a surface against which said slug element impacts when it rebounds from the surface of said record medium and being mounted for movement in response to the impact with the slug element, and an energy absorptive element on at least one side of said energy transfer element in the path of movement of the energy transfer element and positioned for collision therewith, said energy absorptive element being adapted to absorb the energy of said transfer element during rebound oscillationsof said element.
  • Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein an energy absorbing element is mounted on both sides of the energy transfer element.
  • Apparatus for damping the rebound oscillations of a slug element following the firing of the element towards a 13 Apparatus according to claim 12 wherein both of said secondary impact members are formed of an energy absorptive material.
  • Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the said energy transfer element is heavier than the slug element.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Impact Printers (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
US144084A 1971-05-17 1971-05-17 Damping apparatus for a linear actuator device Expired - Lifetime US3675172A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14408471A 1971-05-17 1971-05-17

Publications (1)

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US3675172A true US3675172A (en) 1972-07-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US144084A Expired - Lifetime US3675172A (en) 1971-05-17 1971-05-17 Damping apparatus for a linear actuator device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3675172A (de)
CA (1) CA961518A (de)
DE (1) DE2223732A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2137958B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1383520A (de)
IT (1) IT955580B (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782520A (en) * 1971-11-04 1974-01-01 Centronics Data Computer Resilient head assembly having resilient mount
US3848722A (en) * 1973-05-21 1974-11-19 Ibm Print disc assembly for a printer
US4081775A (en) * 1976-03-31 1978-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for damping the bouncing or chatter of relay armatures in the releasing position
US4200401A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-04-29 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4272748A (en) * 1978-05-22 1981-06-09 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4381491A (en) * 1981-02-20 1983-04-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Device to slow solenoid actuation motion
USRE31813E (en) * 1978-05-22 1985-01-22 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4496253A (en) * 1983-04-20 1985-01-29 Daisy Systems, Holland B.V. Impact hammer
US4619536A (en) * 1982-09-29 1986-10-28 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Printing hammer assembly
US4632580A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-12-30 Ncr Corporation Dot matrix print head dampening mechanism
US4749976A (en) * 1985-09-28 1988-06-07 Mannesmann Tally Gmbh Solenoid
US4839621A (en) * 1988-10-18 1989-06-13 International Business Machines Corporation Electromagnetic actuator having improved dampening means

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2933616C2 (de) * 1979-08-20 1982-09-23 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Dämpfungsvorrichtung für einen als Klappankermagnetsystem ausgebildeten elektromagnetischen Antrieb für den Druckhammer in einer Druckhammeranordnung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625100A (en) * 1947-07-24 1953-01-13 Ncr Co Printing hammer rebound preventing means
US2735047A (en) * 1956-02-14 Antivibration solenoid structure
US3134932A (en) * 1960-03-28 1964-05-26 Itt Alternating current solenoid having yieldingly mounted stop

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735047A (en) * 1956-02-14 Antivibration solenoid structure
US2625100A (en) * 1947-07-24 1953-01-13 Ncr Co Printing hammer rebound preventing means
US3134932A (en) * 1960-03-28 1964-05-26 Itt Alternating current solenoid having yieldingly mounted stop

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782520A (en) * 1971-11-04 1974-01-01 Centronics Data Computer Resilient head assembly having resilient mount
US3848722A (en) * 1973-05-21 1974-11-19 Ibm Print disc assembly for a printer
US4081775A (en) * 1976-03-31 1978-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for damping the bouncing or chatter of relay armatures in the releasing position
USRE31813E (en) * 1978-05-22 1985-01-22 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4200401A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-04-29 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4272748A (en) * 1978-05-22 1981-06-09 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
FR2484332A1 (fr) * 1978-05-22 1981-12-18 Ledex Inc Bobine electrique de commande a grande vitesse en particulier pour aiguille d'impression
US4381491A (en) * 1981-02-20 1983-04-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Device to slow solenoid actuation motion
US4619536A (en) * 1982-09-29 1986-10-28 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Printing hammer assembly
US4496253A (en) * 1983-04-20 1985-01-29 Daisy Systems, Holland B.V. Impact hammer
US4632580A (en) * 1985-03-25 1986-12-30 Ncr Corporation Dot matrix print head dampening mechanism
US4749976A (en) * 1985-09-28 1988-06-07 Mannesmann Tally Gmbh Solenoid
US4839621A (en) * 1988-10-18 1989-06-13 International Business Machines Corporation Electromagnetic actuator having improved dampening means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA961518A (en) 1975-01-21
FR2137958A1 (de) 1972-12-29
FR2137958B1 (de) 1973-07-13
GB1383520A (en) 1974-02-12
DE2223732A1 (de) 1972-11-23
IT955580B (it) 1973-09-29

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