US367289A - Half to pillans scarth stevenson - Google Patents
Half to pillans scarth stevenson Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US367289A US367289A US367289DA US367289A US 367289 A US367289 A US 367289A US 367289D A US367289D A US 367289DA US 367289 A US367289 A US 367289A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- axle
- mandrel
- pillans
- stevenson
- scarth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000003739 Neck Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30907—Nets or sleeves applied to surface of prostheses or in cement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
- Y10T29/49988—Metal casting
Definitions
- My invention embodies an art or process by which railway-axles, whether of steel or iron, may be forged upon a mandrel, and such mandrel subsequently withdrawn.
- the ingot is then heated and a mandrel introduced into it, and it is then placed in the forming-die and operated upon by the hammer to partially shape and draw it out.
- the partially-formed axle holding the mandrel is then taken from this die and placed upon a surface flat lengthwise of the die or transversely to the axle, the face of the hammer working on the same being of exactly similar configuration, and the direction in which the blow is given at right angles to these faces.
- the axle is, while underthe action of the hammer, (i. 6., between. the stationary and moving fiat faces,) constantly being turned, so that the blows spread it in every direction and enlarge the aperture in it, so that the mandrel can be easily withdrawn.
- the partially-formed axle is then returned to the dies, its shaping completed, and the. neck orbearing drawn out, thus completing the axle, which is then ready for use.
- a A are the forming-dies, B 13 those for shaping and drawing the neck, and D and E the surfaces between which the axle F is enlarged sufficiently to releasethe mandrel G.
- the hollow ingot from which the axle is to be made is cast with the ends slightly wider thanthe main part of the body, the surfaces D and E corresponding to it, as shown at D E.
- the blank or ingot is cast with the metal in the center thinner and lighter than at the ends, as shown at f, the
- the mandrel can beintroduced into the builtup and heated faggot and the forging, 800., effected as described.
Description
(No Model.)
W. GILLESPIE.
MANUFAOTURE 0F HOLLOW AXLES. No. 367,289. Patented July 26, 1887.
a w lined 3 4 Q, novuakw N. PETERS. Pholo-Ulbqgmpher. Washingiom n. cy
NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HALF TO PILLANS SGARTH STEVENSON, OF SAME PLACE.
MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW AXLES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 367,289, dated July 26, 1887. Application filed April 5, 1886. Serial No. 197,906. (No modeL) Patented in Canada April 10,1886,No.23,796.
lowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.
My invention embodies an art or process by which railway-axles, whether of steel or iron, may be forged upon a mandrel, and such mandrel subsequently withdrawn.
It is well known that the hollow axle possesses over the solid axle the advantages .of being both lighter and stronger and of furnishing bearings not so liable to become heated; but the difficulty which has as yet not been overcome in the forging of such axles is the withdrawal of the mandrel after the axle has been fairly shaped. To accomplish this is the object of my invention The process of making'hollow forged steel axles by my invention can be thus described: The ingot is cast upon a core into-a shape from which it can be easily forged and drawn out "into the'shape of an axle.- \kVhen removed from the mold, the core is taken out. The ingot is then heated and a mandrel introduced into it, and it is then placed in the forming-die and operated upon by the hammer to partially shape and draw it out. The partially-formed axle holding the mandrel is then taken from this die and placed upon a surface flat lengthwise of the die or transversely to the axle, the face of the hammer working on the same being of exactly similar configuration, and the direction in which the blow is given at right angles to these faces. The axle is, while underthe action of the hammer, (i. 6., between. the stationary and moving fiat faces,) constantly being turned, so that the blows spread it in every direction and enlarge the aperture in it, so that the mandrel can be easily withdrawn. The partially-formed axle is then returned to the dies, its shaping completed, and the. neck orbearing drawn out, thus completing the axle, which is then ready for use.
In the drawings hereto annexed, and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 shows 'Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a part section of finished Similar letters of reference indicate like parts.
A A are the forming-dies, B 13 those for shaping and drawing the neck, and D and E the surfaces between which the axle F is enlarged sufficiently to releasethe mandrel G.
As shown in Fig. 2, the hollow ingot from which the axle is to be made is cast with the ends slightly wider thanthe main part of the body, the surfaces D and E corresponding to it, as shown at D E. The blank or ingot is cast with the metal in the center thinner and lighter than at the ends, as shown at f, the
working surfaces being so shaped as to give it the proper formation. When these ends have been forged and the necks drawn out to the proper size, the section will be as shown in Fig. 3viz., with the greatest strength of metal at the shearing-point between the wheel and bearing.
In the case of the iron axle, the mandrel can beintroduced into the builtup and heated faggot and the forging, 800., effected as described.
' Although primarily intended to be applied to the manufacture of railway-axles, my invention will be found, equally useful in allcases in which hollow worked metal bars or What I claim is as follows:
1. The method or process ofmaking hollow axles, which consists in first casting upon a core a tubular malleable ingot, then subslituting a mandrel for the core and subjecting said ingot to the action of dies which draw it out, so that its greatest exterior diameter shall be at the ends, then spreading same by hammering between two flat dies to enlarge the hollow center and release the mandrel and finally reducin the ends over a a smaller l llillldlel, substantially as and for the VALTER GILLLSPIE 5 purpose set; forth. \Vitnesses:
2. The devices herein described for form- FRAS. HY. REYNOLDS,
A A, fiatsurface dies D E, and finishing-dies B 13, substantially as described.
ing hollow axles, consisting of shaping-dies OWEN M. EVANS
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US367289A true US367289A (en) | 1887-07-26 |
Family
ID=2436307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US367289D Expired - Lifetime US367289A (en) | Half to pillans scarth stevenson |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US367289A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2569248A (en) * | 1946-02-11 | 1951-09-25 | Miller George Lee | Method of making hollow axles |
| US20060137426A1 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-06-29 | Ben Chiu | Steel cable connector swaging method and machine thereof |
-
0
- US US367289D patent/US367289A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2569248A (en) * | 1946-02-11 | 1951-09-25 | Miller George Lee | Method of making hollow axles |
| US20060137426A1 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-06-29 | Ben Chiu | Steel cable connector swaging method and machine thereof |
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