US3670124A - Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compresses gas electric circuit-breakers - Google Patents

Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compresses gas electric circuit-breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3670124A
US3670124A US134268A US3670124DA US3670124A US 3670124 A US3670124 A US 3670124A US 134268 A US134268 A US 134268A US 3670124D A US3670124D A US 3670124DA US 3670124 A US3670124 A US 3670124A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
zone
grooves
longitudinal grooves
blast
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US134268A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benito Jose Calvino Y Teijeiro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
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Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An axial blast breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit breakers wherein the chamber wall is solid and is provided with a plurality of internal longitudinal grooves extending parallel to and symmetrically disposed about the axis of the chamber. When the contacts are closed the fixed contact, which is in close-proximity to the inner wall of the chamber, extends past the grooves thereby inhibiting flow of quenching gas. Flow of quenching gas remains inhibited until the chamber and attached movable contact are displaced sufficiently to withdraw a portion of the longitudinal grooves below the lower end of the fixed contact.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an improved blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuitbreakers, which provides substantial improvement in the performance of the breaking chambers employed in said circuitbreakers in comparison with known types.
  • Compressed gas circuit-breakers are already well known and widely used in electric generating and distributing systems and well known are, in particular, the axial blast breaking chambers, used in these types of circuit-breakers, the shape of which has, in its various embodiments been determined through widely known principles.
  • An object of this invention is therefore to provide a breaking chamber for compressed gas electric circuit-breakers which is structurally improved in comparison with the known chambers and particularly in connection with the breaking chambers of similar type previously disclosed by the applicant.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide improvements in the breaking chambers of electriccircuit-breakers whereby decompression in the orifice unit zone having the smallest cross section is favored thereby permitting the quenching gas to escape with particular ease.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide an axial blast breaking chamber in which it is possible to reach the best obtainable flow concomitance of the decomposition gases and the quenching gas through the end (or downstream) part of the interruption chamber itself, consequently accelerating the outflow of the whole of said gases through the outlet orifice of the chamber and decreasing the whirl effects occurring in the total outflow.
  • Still another object is to provide a breaking chamber wherein the parts external to the same chamber are efficiently protected, particularly the insulating bakelized paper cylinder or other insulation sleeve externally wrapping the chamber, against the effects of the breaking electric arc.
  • an axial blast breaking chamber for selfblasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers, said breaking chamber having a blast orifice unit internally shaped so as to provide, in the outlet direction, a first conical and convergent zone, a second cylindrical zone having the smallest crosssectional area in comparison with the other internal zones, without (unlike the embodiments of the known art) side located decompression means, and a third substantially conical and divergent zone, the length of which is determined from the already known experimental relation U n #5 said third conical and divergent zone having a plurality of ringlike grooves each of which is substantially triangular sectioned within a plane passing through the chamber axis with open base towards the outlet orifice of the breaking chamber, said breaking chamber having a full, single-pieced solid wall, the inner side of which is provided with at least two longitudinal grooves parallel to and symmetrically disposed towards the chamber main axis, the longitudinal extent of
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the longitudinal section, of the breaking chamber according to this invention, marked by brokenline AA on FIG. 2 i.e., along two different axial planes.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of the same breaking chamber, cross sectioned in correspondence with plane 13-8 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the breaking chamber of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the breaker contacts in their closed position
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the breaking chamber with the contacts in the open position.
  • the improvement in the blast orifice unit of the breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers consists in providing a chamber with the following features: substantial orifice shape according to the Venturi tube principle, with a second zone 5 (or necked zone with the smallest cross-section) cylindrically shaped and lacking the usual decompression holes which let said cylindrical smallest surfaced zone 5 communicate with the breaking chamber outer room; the improvement consisting in providing a plurality of parallel longitudinal grooves 21, stretching towards the breaking chamber axis and axially extending at least so much to at least partially cover the second smallest surfaced cylindrical zone 5 and at least partially the third conical and divergent zone 9, said grooves 21 being made in the inner wall of the end or downstream zone or part 9 of the breaking chamber, said part 9 setting up the thirdor truncated cone divergent zone of the breaking chamber and being structured with ring-like triangularly cross sectioned grooves.
  • the fixed contact 30 and movable contact 31 are shown positional within the blast orifice unit, movable contact 31 being secured to and moving with the said unit.
  • the fixed contact 30 occupies a large portion of the space within the breaking chamber; i.e., the whole third zone 9, the whole second zone 5, as well as a large (when not full) part of the first conical and convergent zone 1.
  • the quenching gaseous fluid has no means for circulating.
  • the fixed contact 30 being in close proximity to the inner wall surface of cylindrical zone 5, even if not fully tight, substantially hampers the quenching gas outflow, except the neglectable quantities which can escape through the usual mechanical clearances due to the machining tolerances.
  • fixed contact 30 no longer blocks the inlets of grooves 21. The quenching gas outflow is from this moment established and passes easily through the grooves 21.
  • the exhaust section area gradually increases the more the breaking chamber parts from the fixed contact, since always wider sections of truncated cone zone 9 become engaged by the outflow, said sections being substantially circular crown-shaped as determined inside by the above specified fixed contact 30, and outside by the inner wall surface of said third truncated cone zone 9 which comprises longitudinal grooves 21, the sections of which provide zones projecting from the above specified circular crown into the plane of the latter.
  • the quenching gas is in fact, at a first stage, conveyed through grooves 21 only, and afterwards expanded in the above said circular crown sections of third zone 9 in a direction parallel to axis Y-'-Y of the chamber.
  • the quenching as more easily drags the decomposition gases in the same direction, as the resultants of these decomposition gases (because of the particular shape of the chamber downstream zone 9, provided with triangular shaped ring-like grooves 13) are already directed towards outlet orifice 2 of the breaking chamber.
  • a further advantage offered by the solution proposed by this invention consists of the superior protection granted to the cylinder, made of bakelized paper or other suitable insulating material, the section of which is referenced 20 on the figures.
  • the complete lack of radial holes through the chamber wall 'assures that the gases (first of all the quenching gas), highly heated in consequence of contact with the are, are prevented from contacting cylinder 20. This contributes to long life for the cylinder since it is not subjected to burning.
  • the cylinder may be assembled closer to the breaking chamber thereby allowing greater compactness and smaller dimensioning of the whole assembly.
  • the number of grooves 21, can be varied within the limitations imposed by the constructional technology of the breaking chamber.
  • the sectional shape of said grooves can be modified (although the shape shown on FIG. 2 is preferred).
  • the present invention permits optimum operation of the circuitbreaker whenever applied to breaking chambers of similar type within the known art.
  • a blast orifice unit internally shaped to provide, in the outlet direction, a first conical and convergent zone (1), a second cylindrical zone (5) and a third substantially conical and divergent zone (9) having a length L equal to or greater than where U, is' the rated service voltage of said circuit breaker, said second zone (5) having a cross-sectional area not greater than that of said first and second zones, and said third zone (9) having a plurality of ring-like grooves (13) each of which has a substantially triangular cross-section within a plane passing through the longitudinal axis (Y-Y) of the chamber, said -ring-like grooves being open toward the outlet orifice (2) of the breaking chamber, wherein the improvement comprises having a solid chamber wall, the inner side of which is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves (21) parallel to and symmetrically disposed'toward the chamber main axis (Y
  • An axial blast breaking chamber as defined by claim 1 wherein said chamber is provided with four longitudinal grooves (21 4.
  • An axial blast breaking chamber as defined by claim 1 wherein said longitudinal grooves (21) having one end within said second cylindrical zone (5) immediately adjacent the chamber cross-section separating said conical and convergent zone (1) from said cylindrical zone (5).
  • An axial blast breaking chamber as defined by claim 1 wherein said movable contact (31) is secured to said blast orifice unit and, when said .circuit breaker is closed, the fixed contact (30) extends into said first conical and convergent zone (1), the outer surface of said fixed contact being in close proximity to the inner wall surface of said second cylindrical zone (5) thereby inhibiting flow of the quenching gas, said flow continuing tobe inhibited until said movable contact and blast orifice unit are displaced sufficie'ntly to withdraw a portion of said longitudinal grooves (21) below the lower end of said fixed contact.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US134268A 1970-04-16 1971-04-15 Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compresses gas electric circuit-breakers Expired - Lifetime US3670124A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2339370 1970-04-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3670124A true US3670124A (en) 1972-06-13

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ID=11206685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US134268A Expired - Lifetime US3670124A (en) 1970-04-16 1971-04-15 Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compresses gas electric circuit-breakers

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3670124A (es)
JP (1) JPS5341345B1 (es)
BE (1) BE765778A (es)
BR (1) BR7102242D0 (es)
CA (1) CA933555A (es)
CH (1) CH535488A (es)
DE (1) DE2118167C3 (es)
ES (1) ES390207A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2089724A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1352228A (es)
NO (1) NO129595B (es)
SE (1) SE362531B (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US4339641A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-07-13 General Electric Company Nozzle for a puffer-type circuit breaker
EP0135158A2 (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-03-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH629910A5 (en) * 1978-06-13 1982-05-14 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas-blast circuit breaker

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1307668A (fr) * 1961-12-07 1962-10-26 Brown Interrupteur pneumatique avec contact à tuyère
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter
FR1549097A (es) * 1967-01-03 1968-12-06

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1307668A (fr) * 1961-12-07 1962-10-26 Brown Interrupteur pneumatique avec contact à tuyère
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter
FR1549097A (es) * 1967-01-03 1968-12-06

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US4339641A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-07-13 General Electric Company Nozzle for a puffer-type circuit breaker
EP0135158A2 (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-03-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
EP0135158A3 (en) * 1983-08-24 1986-03-12 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
US4667072A (en) * 1983-08-24 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5341345B1 (es) 1978-11-02
SE362531B (es) 1973-12-10
CA933555A (en) 1973-09-11
FR2089724A5 (es) 1972-01-07
GB1352228A (en) 1974-05-08
DE2118167B2 (de) 1980-10-30
BE765778A (fr) 1971-10-15
CH535488A (de) 1973-03-31
BR7102242D0 (pt) 1973-04-19
DE2118167A1 (de) 1971-10-28
DE2118167C3 (de) 1981-09-17
NO129595B (es) 1974-04-29
ES390207A1 (es) 1973-07-01

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