US3662896A - Apparatus for draining liquid from a suspension - Google Patents

Apparatus for draining liquid from a suspension Download PDF

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Publication number
US3662896A
US3662896A US46918A US3662896DA US3662896A US 3662896 A US3662896 A US 3662896A US 46918 A US46918 A US 46918A US 3662896D A US3662896D A US 3662896DA US 3662896 A US3662896 A US 3662896A
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Prior art keywords
support surface
entrainment
conical support
suspension
reservoir
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Expired - Lifetime
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US46918A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Pink
Rupert Dallner
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CHEMIE und METALL RHEAX GmbH
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CHEMIE und METALL RHEAX GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
    • B01D21/04—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid with moving scrapers
    • B01D21/06—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid with moving scrapers with rotating scrapers

Definitions

  • SHEET 2 OF 2 INVEN'VQFLS refer, 91am nuvem' :onu-N APPARATUS FOR DRAINING LIQUID FROM A SUSPENSION
  • the present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for draining liquid, such as water, from a suspension of solid particles, such as sand, in the liquid.
  • the suspension may contain additional solid particles suspended therein, such as clay particles suspended in a sand slurry.
  • Draining slurries of their liquid component is often of importance.
  • undesired particles such as clay
  • the wash water and the suspended clay particles must be removed.
  • It has been proposed to use draining apparatus for this purpose which makes use of the principle that, when the slurry is slowly moved upwardly along a rising support surface, the liquid phase will be separated from the solid phase, the liquid phase running down the surface and taking along any light suspended particles, while the solid phase will become gradually drier and purer as it moves upwardly. At the end, the relatively dry and pure solid particles may be recovered.
  • Known draining apparatus of this type has made use of screw conveyors for the slurry, and the machines have been very large and cumbersome.
  • a substantially conical support surface for a suspension of solid particles in a liquid rises from a reservoir containing the suspension.
  • a plurality of entrainment elements are arranged along at least one spiral and associated with the conical support surface.
  • a first entrainment element extends into the reservoir for entraining the suspension.
  • Means is provided for imparting rotation between the plurality of entrainment elements and the conical support surface whereby the solid particles of the suspension are entrained upwardly from the reservoir by a succession of the entrainment elements along the spiral or spirals while the liquid runs downwardly over the support surface.
  • An output opening at an upper end of the spiral receives and discharges the solid particles from the conical support surface.
  • a corresponding plurality of radially extending carrier arms support the plurality of entrainment elements, which may be shovellike blades.
  • the carrier arms may be so wide that adjacent arms touch each other and the carrier structure may thus become a disc.
  • Arranging the entrainment means along one or more spirals has the advantage that the slurry is slowly moved upwardly along the inclined plane in small increments but that the number of entrainment means may be rather large, which increases the output of the apparatus considerably while keeping down its dimension.
  • lt is preferred to mount the entrainment elements for adjustment about an axis substantially perpendicular to the conical support surface whereby it is possible to adapt the apparatus to difierent slurries of varying solid concentration and/or particle sizes.
  • substantially conical support surface includes any surface resembling that of a cone or frusto-cone which is generated by a rectilinear as well as a concavely curved line.
  • a generatrix whose steepness increases towards the axis of rotation and which produces a somewhat bell-shaped surface may improve the separation of the liquid from the solid phase of the slurry moved upwardly thereover.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the principles underlying this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational cross section of an apparatus embodying the principles shown in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2 showing one half of the apparatus, the other half being a symmetrical mirror image of the illustrated half.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a plan view of a fixed conical support surface 1 whose base is in the plane of the drawing and whose apex is in a plane above that of the drawing. At the apex, the support surface 1 defines a concentrically arranged output opening 2.
  • a plurality of entrainment elements constituted by shovel-like blades or vanes 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and 3e are arranged along spirals 4, only one such spiral arrangement being actually illustrated to simplify the drawing but another spiral being shown along which like entrainment means will be arranged in most practical embodiments of the apparatus.
  • a bolt 5 mounts each entrainment means adjustably on a respective radial carrier arm 6 so that the angle [3 of the entrainment means may be changed, i.e. the inclination of the entrainment blades in respect of the spiral may be varied.
  • the mounting bolts may be arranged in an elongated slot in the carrier arms so that the radial position of the entrainment means may also be varied.
  • Means is provided for rotating the carrier arms with the entrainment means in the direction of the arrow, i.e. clockwise.
  • the entrainment blades are so adjusted that the lower edges thereof either form a small gap with the surface 1 or glide thereover in contact therewith in the case of very fine particles.
  • the slurry to be drained of liquid is indicated at 7 at the periphery of the base of the conical surface which forms a reservoir for the slurry and where a first entrainment means 3 entrains the suspension.
  • the entrainment means are elements extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the conical support surface and have a component enclosing the angle [3 with the spiral, the illustrated means being flat blades enclosing the angle B in their entirety although concave shovel-like elements may also be used, which have only one component enclosing this angle.
  • all the entrainment elements enclose the same angle with the spiral.
  • the slurry portion 7 is engaged by the slowly rotating first entrainment element 3 and moved radially inwardly a distance a as the element continues to rotate clockwise in the direction of the arrow about the axis of the conical surface 1. It thus reaches the next annular path a where it is engaged and entrained by the succeeding element 3a, moved further inwardly by the distance a, and so on until the last of the entrainment elements at the end of spiral 4 pushes the solid particles drained of liquid into the central output opening 2 whence the particles are discharged.
  • the width of the individual entrainment elements, their spacing from each other and the angle they enclose with the spiral will depend on the type of slurry to be drained. These parameters will take into consideration the fact that each entrained slurry portion will glide downwardly on the conical support surface in the time interval between being engaged by successive entrainment elements.
  • the size of angle 5 determines the width a. If this angle is too large, a portion of the slurry will simply be entrained in an annular path instead of being spirally moved upwardly, thus reducing the efficiency of the apparatus.
  • the apex angle of the conical support surface is relatively large but must be small enough so that the liquid is readily separated from the solid particles of the slurry by gravity as the slurry slowly moves up the slope of the surface in a spiral path.
  • the angle of inclination must not be so small that the slurry rapidly rolls down the surface in the intervals when it is not engaged bythe successive entrainment elements.
  • the exact determination of the slope angle will be readily determinable in dependence on the nature of the slurry.v Experience has shown that, for sand slurries and most other slurries which need to be drained in industrial processes, an apex angle of about 120 to 160 for the conical support surface is most effective.
  • the construction of the apparatus is simplest if the conical support surface is fixed while the entrainment elements are rotated in respect thereto.
  • only relative rotation between the entrainment means and the support surface is required to move the slurry spirally upwardly so that it would also be possible to hold the entrainment means fixedly and to rotate the conical surface relative thereto.
  • both could be rotated at different speeds to impart relative rotation between the entrainment means and the support surface.
  • a plurality of entrainment elements have been illustrated to constitute the entrainment means extending in a spiral path, these elements could be interconnected to form a continuous wall extending upwardly along the support surface in a spiral path. With such an entrainment means, the initial portion of the continuous spiral wall would have to form a gap with the support surface to permit the liquid drained from the slurry to run off.
  • the slurry to be drained i.e. a slurry of sand in water wherein fine clay particles are also suspended, is delivered to the apparatus by a distributor which has an annular delivery gutter whence a plurality of radially extending conduits 11 lead towards an annular gutter at the lower circumference of the conical support surface 12 to deliver the slurry into this annular gutter.
  • the support surface 12 has a circular peripheral wall 13 which defines the annular gutter.
  • An overflow rim 14 surrounds this gutter so that excess water from the slurry is immediately removed over the rim while the heavier sand settles in the gutter, the water level in the gutter being determined by the height of overflow rim 14.
  • the support frame 16 carries the hub 18 in friction-reducing bearings 17, reduction gearing 19, 20 connecting the hub to drive motor 21 for rotation of the hub.
  • Carrier arms 22 are fixedly attached to hub 18 and extend radially therefrom for rotation therewith, the arms extending in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the conical support surface so that they sweep over this surface during rotation.
  • Successive ones of the carrier arms 22 carry the successive entrainment elements 23 arranged in spiral paths.
  • the initial portion of each spirally extending entrainment means i.e. the first entrainment element in each spiral at the bottom of the conical support surface, extends into the reservoir defined by the annular gutter so as to entrain successive portions of the slurry during. rotation.
  • the slurry is then moved upwardly along a spiral path to the centrally and concentrically positioned output opening 24 which receives the dried solid particles and discharges them from the support surface at the end of the spiral path.
  • the outer ends of the radial carrier arms 22 are interconnected by a bracing ring 26, the entire structure is further braced by elements 28 and is supported on pedestals 29.
  • the bearings 17 are mounted on the frame 16 by radially extending beams 27.
  • the illustrated embodiment has the advantage of the slurry distribution, delivery and discharge being arranged coaxially,
  • An apparatus of this type may be used for draining all types of suspensions of solid particles in a liquid.
  • the size of the particles in such slurries may range anywhere from about 200 microns to 5-7 mm, mixtures of various particle sizes in the same slurry being possible.
  • a vibratory sieve may be mounted in the output opening to assist in further drainage of residual liquid.
  • baffle plates may be mounted at the discharge ends of the conduits 1 1 for directing the slurry suitably into the annular reservoir at the bottom of the conical support surface.
  • An apparatus for draining liquid from a suspension of solid particles in said liquid to obtain dried solid particles comprising 1. an annular reservoir containing said suspension;
  • annular reservoir concentrically surrounding the conical support surface and being in communication therewith
  • entrainment means for the suspension having a supporting means near the center of the conical support surface and arranged along a spiral and in contact association with the conical support surface,
  • the entrainment means being so positioned that the I rotation will cause the solid particles of the suspension to be entrained from the reservoir and upwardly therefrom by the entrainment means along the spiral while the liquid runs downwardly by gravity over the sloping support surface;
  • the entrainment means comprises a plurality of successive entrainment elements, and further comprising a corresponding plurality of carrier arms supporting the plurality of entrainment elements, the rotating means being arranged to sweep the carrier arms over the conical support surface.
  • said reservoir is an annular gutter at the lower circumference of the conical support surface, said gutter having an outer overflow rim.
  • the apparatus of claim 5 further comprising an annular delivery gutter positioned above and concentrical to the annular reservoir gutter, distributing means for supplying the suspension to the delivery gutter, and conduit means for moving the suspension from the delivery to the reservoir gutter.
  • the entrainment means comprises elements extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the conical support surface and having a component enclosing an angle with the spiral.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
US46918A 1969-06-19 1970-06-17 Apparatus for draining liquid from a suspension Expired - Lifetime US3662896A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT580469A AT286879B (de) 1969-06-19 1969-06-19 Einrichtung zur Entwässerung von körnigem Gut

Publications (1)

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US3662896A true US3662896A (en) 1972-05-16

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US46918A Expired - Lifetime US3662896A (en) 1969-06-19 1970-06-17 Apparatus for draining liquid from a suspension

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US (1) US3662896A (de)
AT (1) AT286879B (de)
DE (2) DE7022517U (de)
FR (1) FR2051055A5 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4184950A (en) * 1975-07-24 1980-01-22 Hendrick Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for dewatering sludge
CN101982446A (zh) * 2010-10-09 2011-03-02 西安近代化学研究所 粉状单质炸药连续干燥装置
US10974175B2 (en) * 2019-08-12 2021-04-13 United Conveyor Corporation Clarifier rake configuration and system and method including the same for bottom ash handling related to flue gas desulfurization

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1135997A (en) * 1913-06-05 1915-04-20 John V N Dorr Apparatus for the separation of finely-divided solids from liquids.
US1357587A (en) * 1919-12-01 1920-11-02 Dorr Co Method of and apparatus for treating waste liquors
US2253500A (en) * 1938-08-30 1941-08-26 Petree & Dorr Engineers Inc Liquid clarifying apparatus
US2536729A (en) * 1946-10-08 1951-01-02 Diaz-Compain Jeronimo Clarifier
US3067878A (en) * 1959-07-07 1962-12-11 Albert L Genter Method and apparatus for settling solids from liquids
US3191775A (en) * 1964-03-12 1965-06-29 Eimco Corp Concentration of suspended solids
US3245543A (en) * 1960-11-07 1966-04-12 Union Tank Car Co Clarifier apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1135997A (en) * 1913-06-05 1915-04-20 John V N Dorr Apparatus for the separation of finely-divided solids from liquids.
US1357587A (en) * 1919-12-01 1920-11-02 Dorr Co Method of and apparatus for treating waste liquors
US2253500A (en) * 1938-08-30 1941-08-26 Petree & Dorr Engineers Inc Liquid clarifying apparatus
US2536729A (en) * 1946-10-08 1951-01-02 Diaz-Compain Jeronimo Clarifier
US3067878A (en) * 1959-07-07 1962-12-11 Albert L Genter Method and apparatus for settling solids from liquids
US3245543A (en) * 1960-11-07 1966-04-12 Union Tank Car Co Clarifier apparatus
US3191775A (en) * 1964-03-12 1965-06-29 Eimco Corp Concentration of suspended solids

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4184950A (en) * 1975-07-24 1980-01-22 Hendrick Manufacturing Company Method and apparatus for dewatering sludge
CN101982446A (zh) * 2010-10-09 2011-03-02 西安近代化学研究所 粉状单质炸药连续干燥装置
US10974175B2 (en) * 2019-08-12 2021-04-13 United Conveyor Corporation Clarifier rake configuration and system and method including the same for bottom ash handling related to flue gas desulfurization
US11511216B2 (en) * 2019-08-12 2022-11-29 United Conveyor Corporation Clarifier rake configuration and system and method including the same for bottom ash handling related to flue gas desulfurization

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT286879B (de) 1970-12-28
DE7022517U (de) 1973-08-09
FR2051055A5 (de) 1971-04-02
DE2029551A1 (de) 1971-04-29

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