US3661363A - Continuous mixer - Google Patents

Continuous mixer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3661363A
US3661363A US824995A US3661363DA US3661363A US 3661363 A US3661363 A US 3661363A US 824995 A US824995 A US 824995A US 3661363D A US3661363D A US 3661363DA US 3661363 A US3661363 A US 3661363A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
chamber
mixer
section
discharge
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Expired - Lifetime
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US824995A
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English (en)
Inventor
Renato Aletti
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/421—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with screw and additionally other mixing elements on the same shaft, e.g. paddles, discs, bearings, rotor blades of the Banbury type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

Definitions

  • This invention adds a valid contribution to these studies by providing a mixer with improved characteristics from both the aspects mentioned, in that it is able on the one hand to give continuous production and on the other hand to provide improved processing of the mixtures.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the essential parts of the mixer according to the invention through the axis of its rotor;
  • F IG. 2 is a transverse section through the line Il-II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows one embodiment of the detail enclosed 'by the circle C of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of said detail
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view, similar to FIG. 1, showing an al- I ternative embodiment of the rotor.
  • the mixer illustrated comprises a feed hopper l, a cylindrical or slightly conical chamber 2 with vertical axis surrounded by an external shell 3 which forms an interspace 4 for the circulation of a means of heat exchange and a rotor 5 arranged so that a large part of its length is inside the chamber 2 and having its axis coincident with that of said chamber.
  • the rotor 5 consists of a single elongated body of steel comprising cylindrical extremities 6, at least one of which is supported, and a central working part.
  • the working part comprises a feed screw conveyor 7 which functions as an I element for feeding and dosing the material, a mixing section 8 formed from two opposing screw parts 80 and 8b and a third prismatic part 8c, and finally a discharge section 9 in the form of an inverted truncated cone.
  • the chamber 2 terminates at its lower end with a discharge ring 10 shaped conically internally with an angle different from that of the discharge section 9 of the rotor 5 which is arranged inside it.
  • the interspace 4 is divided into two sections 4' and 4" fed by way of holes 4" with the purpose of permitting better temperature control inside the mixing chamber.
  • the chamber 2 is fixed to the framework M of the machine in such a way that small variations in its axial position are level of the chamber 2 is varied and as the position of the rotor 5 remains fixed, as will be seen hereinafter, a relative axial movement between these parts of the mixer takes place.
  • This permits the width of the annular cavity which separates the discharge ring 10 of the chamber 2 from the discharge section 9 of the rotor 5 to be .modified whenever this is necessary for adaptation to the individual process runs.
  • the screw system v described can obviously be substituted, in a type of mixer according to the invention having more advanced characteristics than that diagrammatically described, by a hydraulic system of more comfortable and reliable operation.
  • This system could thus be employed not only now and again, between one operation of the machine and another or between one stage of the operation and another, but even during the progress of each individual operation, in order to vary the discharge section and thus permit the regulation of one of the process variables.
  • An analogous result could also be obtained by means of motorization of the screw system described and illustrated.
  • Lateral holes 2' are provided in the chamber 2 at different heights with the purpose of permitting the introduction into the mixing chamber of elements for'measuring the process variables, in particular temperature and pressure. Said holes 2 or similar holes ofsuitable size can be used for the introduction of additional materials of any type into the mixing chamber 2.
  • the rotor 5 is shown rotablysupported at its lower end in a support comprising radial bearings 11 and thrust bearings 12. At its upper end the rotor can be supported by a radial bearing (not shown) or can terminate (as indicated by the broken lines 5') without further support.
  • the rotor is driven at one of its ends by any suitable known system either at fixed or variable velocity according to requirements. It is not considered necessary to illustrate any of these systems in detail in the figures, neither does it serve any purpose to describe one here.
  • the feed screw conveyor 7 is shown formed with a square section. This section could however be slightly trapezoid without negative consequences. It is however important that the feed capacity of the screw is in line with the general characteristics of the mixer.
  • the section of the screw zones 80, 8b and 80 are in the form of an equilateral triangle, with the corners 13 bevelled.
  • the width of the gap h will be constant, as in the case of FIG. 3.
  • the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow F is fixed only by the necessity for the screw 7 to push the material into the chamber, in that the section itself does not have an inherent direction of rotation.
  • the upper screw zone has to push the material downwards while the lower zone 8b has to force it upwards so as to remix the material.
  • the gap h can be made of variable width by making bevels 13 formed from a flat wall sp and a curved part so with its center of curvature displaced from the axis of the rotor, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the direction of rotation has to be that indicated by the arrow F.
  • the parts 8a and 8 b of the rotor with triangular sections having cylindrical bevels 13 concentric with the axis and the part 8c of triangular section having flat and curved bevels 13'.
  • the bevels l3 and 13 consist of surfaces parallel to the axis of the machine when the chamber 2 is cylindrical.
  • the bevels can also be shaped with conical or inclined surfaces which among other things will allow the width of the gap h to vary as a function of the reciprocal axial position of the chamber 2 and the rotor 5.
  • the rotor 5 is preferably made with an axial bore to allow the circulation of a heat exchange fluid.
  • the method of effecting this is technically well known and there is no need to illustrate it. For this reason and for simplicity it has not been shown on the drawings.
  • the operation of the mixer can be described briefly:
  • the materials to be mixed are loaded into the hopper 1 in suitable forms and quantities.
  • the screw conveyor of the rotor 7 feeds them into the chamber 2 and thrusts them downwards into the mixing zone formed by the two triangular screw parts 8a and 8b of the rotor, the first part of which forces the material downwards and the second upwards, so as to create ideal conditions for an efficient and intimate mixing.
  • the material then passes into the zone corresponding to the part 80 by the thrust of the fresh material, created by the screw conveyor 7, then through the discharge zone between the discharge section 9 and the rotor 5 and the discharge ring l0, to the outside of the machine.
  • the material being handled is subjected to temperature and pressures which are adjusted by varying the temperature of the heat exchange fluids circulating in the interspaces 4' and 4" and inside the rotor 5 respectively, and by varying the relative level between the chamber 2 and the rotor 5 and the rotational speed of the rotor.
  • the extent and influence of the individual adjustments will vary according to the material and processes being operated, according to rules easily determinable by specialists.
  • the mixer according to the invention gives considerable advantages over conventional ones. Its particular characteristics are its extreme structural simplicity, the vertical flow of the material and the high intensity os mixing and dispersion which can be obtained by it.
  • the described embodiment of the mixer according to the invention can undergo variations and modifications of various kinds without leaving the field of protection of the invention.
  • the rotor 5 can be supported at its upper part rather than its lower part by using an upper support furnished with thrust bearings.
  • the shape of the section of the parts 8 of the rotor can also be varied by making the sides of the triangle which form it curved for example.
  • the crests of the screws of the rotor which are discontinuous in the representation shown in the drawings, can be made continuous wholly or partly.
  • the interspace sections can be more than two or the interspaces can be substituted by spirals 24 which can be filled either with heat exchange fluid or electrical heating coil means. It has already been said that the assembly of the mixin chamber on the framework of the mixer can be made in a ifferent manner. It has already been said that the assembly of the mixin chamber on the framework of the mixer can be made in a ifferent manner. It has already been said that the assembly of the mixin chamber on the framework of the mixer can be made in a
  • the chamber itself and its shell can be made in two halves in order to facilitate cleaning and removal of the chamber.
  • a mixer for use particularly in the dispersion of powders in gelatinous masses and for the handling of the resultant mixtures, applicable especially to the rubber and plastics industries in general, comprising a substantially cylindrical mixing chamber having a smooth inner surface and a single rotor coaxial with said chamber and rotating therein, said rotor having three continuous sections for feeding, mixing and discharge, respectively, of which the mixing section is formed from two opposing screw parts and a prismatic part, said screw parts being generated by the rotation, in opposite directions along the rotor axis, of a plane polygonal section equal to that of said prismatic part.
  • a mixer as claimed in claim 2 further comprising means to adjust the discharge area fonned between the discharge ring of the mixing chamber and the discharge section of the rotor by relative axial movement of the parts forming said area.
  • a mixer as claimed in claim 1 further comprising means for relatively moving the rotor and mixing chamber along a common axis and in which the material feed and discharge are simultaneous and continuous.
  • a mixer as claimed in claim 1 further comprising closable holes in said chamber which permit the introduction into the chamber of members for sensing the parameters of the operational process and/or of process material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
US824995A 1968-05-18 1969-05-15 Continuous mixer Expired - Lifetime US3661363A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1667168 1968-05-18

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869111A (en) * 1973-12-10 1975-03-04 Intercole Automation Inc Apparatus for mixing rubber, elastomer, plastic and the like
US3941535A (en) * 1974-10-01 1976-03-02 Street Louis F Extrusion device
US4712992A (en) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-15 The B. F. Goodrich Company Extruder with screw having core portion of polygonal cross-section
US4915764A (en) * 1987-05-23 1990-04-10 Mario Miani Method of making panels
US5607235A (en) * 1990-07-13 1997-03-04 Campbell; Craig C. High speed combined mixing and transport tool
RU2123932C1 (ru) * 1992-12-07 1998-12-27 Седепро Способ и устройство для непрерывного смешивания резиновых композиций
US20110170369A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2011-07-14 Carl-Gustaf Ek Counter-rotating twin screw extruder
US9649782B1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2017-05-16 Galomb, Inc. Injection tube assembly with integrated material stripping element and a polymer mixing system comprising the same

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1424445A (en) * 1920-10-29 1922-08-01 Farrel Foundry & Machine Compa Machine for mixing or masticating rubber and like materials
US1935050A (en) * 1930-11-29 1933-11-14 Farrel Birmingham Co Inc Machine for plasticating materials
US2581031A (en) * 1946-12-14 1952-01-01 Bata Narodni Podnik Machine for the homogenization of plastic masses
US3023455A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-03-06 Herbert F Geier Mixers
US3154808A (en) * 1962-05-15 1964-11-03 Farrel Corp Continuous internal stiff-gel mixer
US3164375A (en) * 1955-10-14 1965-01-05 Frenkel Ag C D Apparatus for intensive mixing
US3189324A (en) * 1961-12-06 1965-06-15 Gubler Ernst Kneading and mixing apparatus
CA749833A (en) * 1967-01-03 Vanzo Marcello Method and apparatus for the continuous mixing of plastic material
US3347528A (en) * 1964-01-23 1967-10-17 List Heinz Kneading and mixing apparatus
US3416774A (en) * 1966-02-11 1968-12-17 Werner & Pfleiderer Worm mixing devices

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA749833A (en) * 1967-01-03 Vanzo Marcello Method and apparatus for the continuous mixing of plastic material
US1424445A (en) * 1920-10-29 1922-08-01 Farrel Foundry & Machine Compa Machine for mixing or masticating rubber and like materials
US1935050A (en) * 1930-11-29 1933-11-14 Farrel Birmingham Co Inc Machine for plasticating materials
US2581031A (en) * 1946-12-14 1952-01-01 Bata Narodni Podnik Machine for the homogenization of plastic masses
US3164375A (en) * 1955-10-14 1965-01-05 Frenkel Ag C D Apparatus for intensive mixing
US3023455A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-03-06 Herbert F Geier Mixers
US3189324A (en) * 1961-12-06 1965-06-15 Gubler Ernst Kneading and mixing apparatus
US3154808A (en) * 1962-05-15 1964-11-03 Farrel Corp Continuous internal stiff-gel mixer
US3347528A (en) * 1964-01-23 1967-10-17 List Heinz Kneading and mixing apparatus
US3416774A (en) * 1966-02-11 1968-12-17 Werner & Pfleiderer Worm mixing devices

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869111A (en) * 1973-12-10 1975-03-04 Intercole Automation Inc Apparatus for mixing rubber, elastomer, plastic and the like
US3941535A (en) * 1974-10-01 1976-03-02 Street Louis F Extrusion device
US4712992A (en) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-15 The B. F. Goodrich Company Extruder with screw having core portion of polygonal cross-section
AU595313B2 (en) * 1986-06-12 1990-03-29 Geon Company, The Extruder
US4915764A (en) * 1987-05-23 1990-04-10 Mario Miani Method of making panels
US5607235A (en) * 1990-07-13 1997-03-04 Campbell; Craig C. High speed combined mixing and transport tool
RU2123932C1 (ru) * 1992-12-07 1998-12-27 Седепро Способ и устройство для непрерывного смешивания резиновых композиций
US20110170369A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2011-07-14 Carl-Gustaf Ek Counter-rotating twin screw extruder
US8079747B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2011-12-20 Borealis Technology Oy Counter-rotating twin screw extruder
US9649782B1 (en) * 2013-03-11 2017-05-16 Galomb, Inc. Injection tube assembly with integrated material stripping element and a polymer mixing system comprising the same

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