US3658532A - Relief or intaglio plastic plate and method of manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Relief or intaglio plastic plate and method of manufacture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658532A
US3658532A US838262A US3658532DA US3658532A US 3658532 A US3658532 A US 3658532A US 838262 A US838262 A US 838262A US 3658532D A US3658532D A US 3658532DA US 3658532 A US3658532 A US 3658532A
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Prior art keywords
thin film
base plate
areas
resist
plate
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US838262A
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English (en)
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Joseph Edward Gilligan
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
    • B44C1/227—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by etching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7379—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable
    • B29C66/73793—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined degradable soluble, e.g. water-soluble
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT 2 2 3E 7 Disclosed is a relief or intaglio plastic plate and the method of 1 0 156/16 manufacture thereof whereby an image-bearing transparency of the indicia the plate is to print is permanently bonded to a base plate and thereafter selected areas of the transparency [56] References cued corresponding to the image together with areas of the base UNITED STATES PATENTS plate underlying the selected areas are removed to desired de ths.
  • identification cards of the type disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,217,643 wherein one portion of the card is provided with printed matter that identifies the one who issues the card and another portion is provided with an etched printing member adapted to imprint on a sales slip or the like indicia that identifies the one to whom the card was issued.
  • the printing member is made by photographically creating an image-bearing transparency of theindicia that identifies the one to whom the card is to be issued. This transparency is then brought into intimate contact with a coating of a light sensitive emulsion carried by a base plate after which light is projected through the transparency and against the emulsion to create thereon a reproduction of said indicia in the form of light affected areas surrounded by light unaffected areas. Thereafter, the transparency is removed and is either discarded or stored for subsequent use; and finally, the light unaffected areas of the emulsion and the underlying areas of the plate are etched to desired depths and thus create a plate adapted to print said indicia.
  • a thin film which includes a light sensitive emulsion is exposed to the indicia to be reproduced.
  • the thickness of the film is such that it preferably can be stored on the casset of a camera and fed therethrough at a desired rate of speed.
  • the thin film is not substantial enough to be used as a credit card or the like, it is subsequently permanently bonded to a base plate whereby the composite possesses the requisite strength for whatever purpose it is to be put to which may be a credit card, printing plate, decorative plate, etc.
  • the composite is then further processed to create either a relief or intaglio plate as will be described in more detail hereinafter.
  • suitable non-photopolymerizable material is coated on one side with a light sensitive emulsion which is then photographically exposed to a copy of the indicia the plate is to print. Thereafter, the emulsion is processed in a well known manner to create an image-bearing thin film containing said indicia. During the processing of the emulsion, the imagebearing areas of the emulsion become hardened and so form a resist while the remaining areas of the emulsion are washed off the film.
  • the thin film thus formed is then bonded to a base plate of non-photopolymerizable material; and finally, those areas of the thin film and base plate which underlie the washed away areas of the emulsion are etched or washed out to desired depths and so leave printable replicas of the indicia.
  • a photopolymerizable plastic material is coated on one side with a light sensitive emulsion which is then photographically exposed to a copy of the indicia the plate is to print and thereafter processed to create an image-bearing thin film containing the indicia.
  • a light sensitive emulsion which is then photographically exposed to a copy of the indicia the plate is to print and thereafter processed to create an image-bearing thin film containing the indicia.
  • the image-bearing thin film After the image-bearing thin film has been thus created, it is bonded to a base plate of photo-polymerizable material and then actinic light is projected down through those areas of the thin film and base plate which underlie the washed away areas of the emulsion as a result of which these areas become polymerized. Thereafter, the opaque areas of the emulsion are removed and the underlying areas of the thin film and base plate are etched or otherwise removed to desired depths and so create a relief printing plate.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a typical member for use with an invention comprising plastic support for a light sensitive emulsion.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the member 10 after it has been processed to form an image resist on the plastic support of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the image-bearing thin film of FIG. 2 bonded to a typical base plate.
  • FIG. 4 is illustrative of one embodiment of the invention wherein the plastic support of FIG. 1 and the base plate of FIG. 3 have been etched by a solvent, the support and base plate being soluble in the same solvent.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate another embodiment of the invention where the plastic support of FIG. 1 and the base plate of FIG. 3 are etched by different solvents.
  • FIGS. 7 through 10 illustrate a further embodiment of the invention where the plastic support of FIG. 1 and the base plate of FIG. 3 are like photopolymerizable materials, FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrating the formation of a printing plate after exposure to actinic light and appropriate etching.
  • a plastic member 10 is rendered light sensitive by providing it with a coating of a light sensitive emulsion 11 such as silver halide gelatin.
  • a light sensitive emulsion 11 such as silver halide gelatin.
  • the combined thickness of the member 10 and the emulsion 11 is preferably approximately 1-17 mils, this thickness range corresponding to that of a thin film as employed hereinafter in the specification and claims.
  • the light sensitive plastic member may be either in sheet or roll form. Preferably, however, it is made in roll form so that it may be stored in the casset (not shown) of a camera and fed there through at a desired rate of speed. When stored in this manner, the light sensitive plastic member can be rapidly fed past a display tube connected to a computer which rapidly for mats the indicia which is displayed at the tube.
  • the roll can be divided into a plurality of frames so that as each frame of the roll passes in front of the tube, a new set of indicia is displayed and thus the light sensitive member can be rapidly exposed preparatory to the etching step to be described hereinafter.
  • the plastic member 10 is preferably made from a vinyl compound such as polyvinyl chloride but it may be made from polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose or an acrylic resin, etc., all of which are soluble in solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, etc.
  • solvent is used in its broadest sense to describe a solution which renders the materials herein mentioned in such condition that when they are pressed against a material of similar plastic formulation, they are readily laminated.
  • the emulsion 11 is photographically exposed to a copy of the indicia the plate is to print and then developed to create a positive image-bearing thin film 12.
  • the image areas 13 become hardened and so form a resist but the surrounding areas 14 are washed away (FIG. 2).
  • the positive image-bearing thin film 12 After the positive image-bearing thin film 12 has been thus formed, it is permanently bonded to a base plate 15 (FIG. 3) to produce a structure ready to be etched and so create a printing plate.
  • the thickness of the base plate is largely dependent upon the particular application in which the plate is employed.
  • the term etched is also used in its broadest sense to describe the removal of the materials herein mentioned when brushed, sprayed or otherwise treated with a solvent.
  • the base plate 15 is preferably made from a vinyl compound such as polyvinyl chloride but it too may also be made from polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose or an acrylic resin, etc., since all are soluble in solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, etc.
  • the bonding of the thin film to the base plate may be effected by applying a thin layer of the methyl ethyl ketone between the two and then applying pressure therebetween or the bonding may be effected by heat pressing the thin film and the base plate together.
  • the top surface thereof is brushed, sprayed or otherwise treated with a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone or ethyl acetate to etch or wash down through those areas of the plastic member which underlie the washed away areas 14 of the emulsion and into the base plate to a desired depth and so create in relief reproductions of the indicia (FIG. 4).
  • a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone or ethyl acetate
  • the thin film and base plate are made from materials that are soluble in the same solvents, additional advantages are to be gained when they are made from materials that are soluble in different solvents. For example; when the thin film and the plate do so differ, the thin film acts as a resist while the plate is being etched with the result that a deeper etch may be obtained without danger of the under-cutting which takes place during an etching operation adversely affecting the printing surfaces of the plate.
  • the thin film and plate differ in color, a contrast in color may be obtained between the faces of the printing surfaces and the etched out areas of the plate and this, of course, is important especially when the indicia includes the personal signature of the one to whom the card is issued since it enables one to more readily read the signature.
  • plastic member 10 and base plate 15 are made from materials that are soluble in different solvents.
  • the member 10 may be made from a plastic material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which is soluble in hot or cold water depending on the type of PVA as is well known in the art while the base plate 15 may be made from a metal such as copper, zinc, magnesium or the like or from a compound such as polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose or an acrylic resin.
  • the member 10 is coated with a light sensitive emulsion 11 (FIG.
  • the thin film After the thin film has been thus made, it is permanently bonded by appropriate techniques to a base plate 15 (FIG. 3) and then those areas of the thin film 12 underlying the washed away areas 14 of the emulsion are removed by subjecting them to the action of a solvent such as water of appropriate temperature (FIG. 5). 1n the event the base plate 15 is made from metal such as copper, those areas thereof underlying the removed areas of the film are etched to desired depths by subjecting them to the action of a solvent such as ferric chloride (FIG. 6).
  • a solvent such as ferric chloride
  • the base plate 15 is made from polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose, or an acrylic resin
  • a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone or ethyl acetate is used to etch to desired depths those areas of the base plate underlying the removed areas of the film.
  • the thin film 10 is made from a photopolymerizable material of the type disclosed by L. Plambeck and others in U.S. Pats. among which may be mentioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,760,863 and 2,791,504.
  • the film 10 is provided with a coating of a light sensitive emulsion 11 (FIG. 1) which is exposed to a copy of the subject matter the plate is to print, then processed to create a negative imagebearing thin film 16 (FIG. 7) which is then permanently bonded to a base plate 17 oflike photopolymerizable material (FIG. 8).
  • a light sensitive emulsion 11 FIG. 1
  • FIG. 7 a negative imagebearing thin film 16
  • base plate 17 oflike photopolymerizable material FIG. 8
  • a further modification of the invention involves the utilization of a metal such as zinc, copper, magnesium, etc. for use as the member 10 and the utilization of a plastic material such as PVA, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose or an acrylic resin for use as the base plate 15.
  • a plastic material such as PVA, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl cellulose or an acrylic resin for use as the base plate 15.
  • a light sensitive emulsion would be provided on the surface of the metal member 10.
  • the necessary steps for manufacturing a printing plate would correspond to those already discussed hereinbefore with respect to FIGS. l-3 and 5-6, typical solvents for the above materials having already stated.
  • the image borne by the image bearing thin film may be either positive or negative depending on the particular method chosen to manufacture the plate, illustrative embodiments of such methods having been described hereinbefore with respect to FIGS. l-10.
  • the depth of the etch may be such as to extend through the base plate such that holes are formed in the composite, which holes may be used for data processing purposes, for example.
  • plastic plate extends where either the thin film 12 is plastic or the base plate 15 is plastic or both are plastic.
  • a plastic plate which comprises forming a resist over selected portions of a plastic member to form an image-bearing thin film, permanently bonding said thin film to a base plate with the resist portions on the unbonded surface of said thin film, said base plate being comprised of material insoluble in a solvent in which said thin film is soluble, treating said thin film with a solvent in which said thin film is soluble to etch down to said base plate through selected areas of said thin film corresponding to the non-resist portions of said thin film, and then treating the areas of the base plate underlying the selected areas of said thin film with a solvent in which the base plate is soluble to etch down there through to desired depths.
  • a plastic plate which comprises forming a resist over selected portions of a polyvinyl chloride member to form an image-bearing thin film, permanently bonding said thin film to a base plate with the resist portions on the unbonded surface of said thin film, said base plate being comprised of polyvinyl chloride, treating said thin film and said plate with a solvent in which said polyvinyl chloride is soluble to etch down through (1) selected areas of said thin film corresponding to the non-resist portions of said thin film and (2) the areas of the base plate underlying said selected areas to desired depths.
  • a plastic plate which comprises forming a resist over selected portions of a photopolymerizable member permanently bonding said thin film to a base plate with the resist portions on the unbonded surface of said thin film, said base plate being comprised of photopolymerizable material, projecting light down through selected areas of said thin film corresponding to the non-resist portions of said thin film to polymerize (1) those areas of the thin film and (2) the areas of the base plate underlying said selected areas, and then etching down through the remaining areas of said thin film and the underlying non-polymerized areas of said base plate to desired depths.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
US838262A 1969-07-01 1969-07-01 Relief or intaglio plastic plate and method of manufacture thereof Expired - Lifetime US3658532A (en)

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US83826269A 1969-07-01 1969-07-01

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US3658532A true US3658532A (en) 1972-04-25

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CA (1) CA940758A (de)
DE (1) DE2032629A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1320785A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4197798A (en) * 1975-10-08 1980-04-15 Bardin Karl D Metal plated plastic base intaglio printing cylinders and plates
US4283484A (en) * 1977-02-07 1981-08-11 Letraset Usa, Inc. Method of making relief printing plates with concave printing areas

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2531052C3 (de) * 1975-07-11 1978-06-22 Rotring-Werke Riepe Kg, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Symbolausschnitten in Schrift- und Zeichenschablonen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2875051A (en) * 1954-05-03 1959-02-24 Chemical Products Corp Relief printing plates and method for fabricating the same
US3245793A (en) * 1962-08-01 1966-04-12 Du Pont Elements comprised of a silver halide layer in association with a photopolymerizablelayer and process for use of such
US3271151A (en) * 1965-02-08 1966-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic relief printing plate
US3305359A (en) * 1962-10-04 1967-02-21 Photoelectric Ltd Manufacture of printing plates
CA757037A (en) * 1967-04-18 Tattermusch Hans Production of printing plates
US3356501A (en) * 1961-01-06 1967-12-05 Koch Processes Ltd Gelatin printing plates with thermoplastic underlayer
US3488191A (en) * 1966-01-26 1970-01-06 Thomas J O Donnell Method of etching and a photographic gelatin resist forming element therefor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA757037A (en) * 1967-04-18 Tattermusch Hans Production of printing plates
US2875051A (en) * 1954-05-03 1959-02-24 Chemical Products Corp Relief printing plates and method for fabricating the same
US3356501A (en) * 1961-01-06 1967-12-05 Koch Processes Ltd Gelatin printing plates with thermoplastic underlayer
US3245793A (en) * 1962-08-01 1966-04-12 Du Pont Elements comprised of a silver halide layer in association with a photopolymerizablelayer and process for use of such
US3305359A (en) * 1962-10-04 1967-02-21 Photoelectric Ltd Manufacture of printing plates
US3271151A (en) * 1965-02-08 1966-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic relief printing plate
US3488191A (en) * 1966-01-26 1970-01-06 Thomas J O Donnell Method of etching and a photographic gelatin resist forming element therefor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4197798A (en) * 1975-10-08 1980-04-15 Bardin Karl D Metal plated plastic base intaglio printing cylinders and plates
US4283484A (en) * 1977-02-07 1981-08-11 Letraset Usa, Inc. Method of making relief printing plates with concave printing areas

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DE2032629A1 (de) 1971-01-14
CA940758A (en) 1974-01-29
GB1320785A (en) 1973-06-20

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