US3658168A - Method of, and device for, orienting open-mouthed receptacles arriving in a continuous row of horizontally disposed receptacles - Google Patents

Method of, and device for, orienting open-mouthed receptacles arriving in a continuous row of horizontally disposed receptacles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3658168A
US3658168A US45656A US3658168DA US3658168A US 3658168 A US3658168 A US 3658168A US 45656 A US45656 A US 45656A US 3658168D A US3658168D A US 3658168DA US 3658168 A US3658168 A US 3658168A
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Prior art keywords
chuck
receptacles
receptacle
pair
conveyor
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US45656A
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English (en)
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Frank Zabroski
Walter Mcdonald
Anthony P Piano Jr
Norbert J Seitel
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/56—Orientating, i.e. changing the attitude of, articles, e.g. of non-uniform cross-section
    • B65B35/58—Turning articles by positively-acting means, e.g. to present labelled portions in uppermost position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
    • B65G47/24—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles
    • B65G47/256—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles removing incorrectly orientated articles

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  • ABSTRACT Horizontally disposed continuously arriving receptacles are successively grasped by their mouths and swung to the right or left, depending on the mouth orientation, through a 90 are into vertical upended position and deposited to form two discontinuous parallel lines in which presence of a receptacle in one line is matched by a gap in the other line. Both lines are advanced to a zone of merger where a single continuous line of receptacles results.
  • Machines have been designed capable of delivering receptacles continuously in a row in which the receptacles are horizontally disposed, their ends aligned, but not oriented in that the mouths of some receptacles point in one, and the mouths of other receptacles point in the opposite direction.
  • Plastic receptacles for example plastic bottles, present difficulties in handling because of their light total weight, their light weight in relation to volumetric size, their deformability while empty and their limited resistance to tipping over.
  • a method and device for the orienting of receptacles at high output rates therefore should be one in which the receptacles are positively handled through all the steps or phases of operation necessary to produce a continuous uninterrupted output line of high capacity.
  • a method and device for the orienting of receptacles should further be readily adaptable to changes in dimensions, volumetric capacity and nature of the receptacles. For example, it should be capable of handling bottles and jars of various shapes interchangeably, as well as large and small sizes thereof.
  • the present improvements are based on the recognition that the aforesaid demands are best met by positively handling the receptacles by their mouths or necks by appropriate oppositely disposed chucks which grasp and release the receptacles at the proper moments and locations.
  • the operations of grasping and releasing will for convenience hereinafter be sometimes referred to as closing and opening of a chuck. This is literally true of chucks engaging an outside surface, for example the outside of a bottle neck, but the terms will also be used in connection with chucks of the expansible mandrel variety which engage an inside surface, for example the inside of the neck ofa bottle.
  • the receptacles are successively grasped by their necks or mouths, swung through a 90 arc to the right, or to the left, depending on the previous orientation of their mouths or necks. Simultaneously the receptacles are carried away from the pickup point or station. When in vertical position they are released by the respective chucks and form two lines, both lines being discontinuous in the sense that presence of a receptacle at a particular point in one line is matched by a vacancy at the corresponding point in the other line. Advance of the receptacles along the lines toward a point of merger, while maintaining the irregularities in the spacing of the receptacles in each line, produces a continuous unbroken output line downstream of the point of merger.
  • the invention also resides in certain new and original features of construction and combination of elements, as well as certain steps and sequences of steps-hereinafter set forth and claimed.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the top portion of a device for carrying out the method
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view, on a larger scale, of the delivery station of a transport mechanism furnishing plastic bottles and of the pickup station, respectively, of the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective upward view of the underside of the device showing bottles in the process of being upended;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the underside of the machine showing two lines of upended bottles moving toward the viewer;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the delivery lane of the device
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective side view illustrating adjustability of the device for receptacles of difierent height
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a representative form of chuck assembly.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective exploded view of the assembly of FIG. 7.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises two chain conveyors generally designated 11 and 12.
  • the conveyors are laterally spaced from each other and are trained around sprocket wheels l3, 14, 15 and 16, whose shafts 17 and 18 are horizontal and are supported in a base 19. This causes the conveyor chains to travel in vertical planes.
  • each conveyor comprises two parallel chains designated 111, 211 and 112, 212.
  • the chain pairs provide great stability for assemblies mounted thereon, later to be described.
  • single chains appropriately stabilized against lateral tilting, may be employed in place of the chain pairs.
  • the conveyors in FIG. 1 move from right to left, the visible portions being a portion of the return run.
  • the return run is followed at the left by a substantially vertical portion 28 passing a pickup station 29, later to be described.
  • the chains then follow a substantially horizontal course to the right, the later portion being obscured by the base 19 in this figure but being visible in FIG. 3.
  • a supply conveyor is visible at the left comprising chains 20 passing over sprocket wheels 21, 22 and carrying troughs or compartments 23 whose forward lip 24 is inverted.
  • Thesupply conveyor 20, 23 has previously carried bottles 25 on an upward course in its troughs in a position in which the trough lips pointed upwardly.
  • the supply conveyor then passed through a zone of maximum elevation (located higher than, and to the left of, FIG. 2) where the troughs were inverted and each bottle moved by gravity from the trough in which it had been resting onto the'bottom of theinverted trough ahead of it.
  • An appropriate vertical retaining rail 26 extending across the face of the troughs (FIG. 2) prevents bottles from being thrown out of the compartments at high operating speeds.
  • the bottles are horizontally disposed in the compartments, buttheir orientation is not uniform in that (proceeding from top to bottom) the necks of the first, third and fourth bottles face the viewer, while the neck of the second faces away from the viewer.
  • the chain conveyors ll, 12 are fitted with a series of chuck assemblies generally designated 30.
  • the assemblies 30 of the far conveyor 11 in FIG. 1 are pointed towards the viewer and the assemblies of the conveyor 12 point in the opposite direction.
  • Each assembly (see also FIG. 8) comprises a base 31 fastened to the two chains (for example 112, 212) so as to extend parallel to the link pins of the chains or, in other words, to extend substantially horizontally within the horizontal run portion of the conveyor.
  • Each base comprises two arms 32 between which a tilt body 33 is tiltably supported on pivots 34.
  • the pivot axis extends substantially parallel to the chain portion to which the respective base is attached and transverse to the axis of a stem 35 guided in a bore 36 of the. tilt body for longitudinal movement with respect to the tilt body.
  • the stem carries a cross head 37 at one end and a chuck 38 at the other.
  • the cross head 37 (FIG. 7) comprises a gimbal base 39 which is tiltable about a gimbal axis 40 and carries two rollers 41.
  • the gimbal base 39 and the rollers 41 thereon are therefore tiltable with respect to the axis of the stem 35.
  • the specific form of construction of the chuck is optional and different designs exist or may be developed for grasping a receptacle by its neck.
  • the illustrated form of chuck 38 comprises a slotted mandrel 42 within the slots 43 of which a pair of blades 44 are disposed whose exposed edges 45 are serrated and represent the jaws of the chuck.
  • the chuck is actuated by longitudinal displacement of the stem 35 with respect to the tilt body beyond certain limits.
  • the pin is displaceable against the action of a spring in the direction of the cross head 37 within limits permitted by a relatively short slot 47 in the stem. Such displacement closes the chuck by extending the blades 44 laterally.
  • the shot slot 47 in the stem 35 is aligned with a longer slot 48 in the tilt body 33, and the cross pin 46 is long enough to engage the end of the slot 48 in the tilt body.
  • the chucks 38 (FIGS. 1 and 2) are projected and retracted, opened or closed, and are tilted in relation to their respective bases 31 by a guide rod which is mounted alongside the course of each of the conveyors l1 and 12.
  • the guide rod 49 is appropriately curved so as to approach the respective conveyor chain, or move away from it, respectively, thereby projecting or retracting the respective chuck within the limits permitted by the long slot 48 in the tilt member 33, and to close or open the chuck by axial displacement of the stem 35 beyond the limits of the slot 48.
  • the chuck is tilted by changes in the level of the guide rod relatively to the level of the conveyor chains, as will later bedescribed in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the conveyor chains 11 and 12 are so spaced and mounted as to cause the chucks 38 to straddle the bottles within the pickup station 29. Further, the chains 11, 12 and the chucks 38 are so timed with respect to the compartments of the supply conveyor 20 for example by a common drive as to cause the chucks 38 to fall in line with the axes of the bottles.
  • each bottle 25 comes to lie between two chucks within the pickup station, one chuck being directed against the bottle bottom 25, the other chuck being directed towards the bottle mouth.
  • the guide rod 49 alongside the conveyor 12 is a mirror image of a corresponding guide rod alongside the conveyor 1 1.
  • Opposed chuck pairs therefore perform identical motions, but in opposite directions. They either advance towards, or retreat from, each other. In the fully advanced position both chucks close, in the sense of projecting the respective serrated blades 44.
  • the third bottle counting from thetop in FIG. 2, was displaced towards the viewer by the far chuck of conveyor 11 which engaged the bottle bottom, and the near chuck of conveyor 11 entered the neck and grasped the bottle.
  • cross pin 46 is in the end position in the slot 48 in response to the extreme displacement of the chuck stem 35 to the left.
  • the amounts of the stem displacement are apparent from a comparison of the length of the exposed stem portions at the several positions.
  • the third bottle from the top in FIG. 2 is positively held by the chuck and the supply conveyor 20, 23 which carried the bottle to this point is about to move about sprocket wheel 22, thereby fanning out the troughs 23 as they move about the wheel 22 on an arc. This releases the bottles from the compartments.
  • the fourth bottle from the top in FIG. 2 is being carried away to the lower right from a position to the side of conveyor 12 into a position below the conveyor.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show bottles in position below the conveyors. For convenient identification successive bottles in FIG. 4 are marked by dots.
  • the bottle marked by a single dot is the fourth bottle from the top in FIG. 2.
  • the axis of the bottle bearing two dots has assumed a tilt of 30 with respect to the horizontal.
  • the bottle bearing three dots had been reversely oriented at the pickup station and was grasped by a chuck of the right conveyor 11.
  • the corresponding chuck of the left conveyor is visible at the right of the chuck which just released the fourth bottle.
  • the empty chuck of the left conveyor has the same, but opposite, angular inclination of the chuck holding the third bottle and its chuck blades are extended.
  • the fourth chuck of the right conveyor 11 between the third and fifth bottle is vacant, but the fourth bottle was carried by the left conveyor which just released it.
  • the stems of the chucks are retracted by the guide rail 49 which moves to points of greater distance from the tilt axes 34. Simultaneously the guide rail (see also FIG. 3) moves to lower points causing uptilting of the tilt bodies which gradually assume a parallel position with respect to the bases (FIG. 4). The chuck assemblies then return to the pickup station (FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates also the successive positions of the cross pins 46 during closing and opening of the chucks and retraction of the stems 35.
  • the spring previously mentioned which biases the cross pin is visible in one assembly at 78.
  • the released bottles (FIG. 4) are deposited on a flat support 50 between lateral guides forming lanes.
  • the lanes have three distinct portions.
  • the lanes first run parallel to each other at 51 and 52 and the bottles are released into the parallel lane portions which have the same spacing as the opposite chuck assemblies of conveyors 11 and 12.
  • the lanes converge at 53, 54 downstream of the bottle release zone and meet at a point of merger 55 from which a single output lane 56 continues.
  • the deposited bottles are moved to the point of merger 55 at equal rates by a suitable transport device.
  • the illustrated device comprises parallel transport bars 57 propelled by two conveyors, one on either side of the centrally disposed single delivery lane 56.
  • Transport chains 58 have brackets 59 attached to them through which lateral slide rods 60 extend.
  • the transport bars 57 comprise angular mounting bases clamped to one end of the slide rods 60 which are biased by a spring 61 tending to move the rod 60 and bar 57 to the right.
  • the right end of the rod is fitted with a roller 63 hearing against a cam track 62.
  • the cam track 62 continues rearwardly below the support table 50 and is so curved as to cause the ends of opposite transport bars to move in close proximity within the parallel and converging track portions and to separate gradually at the point of merger 55 where bottles are released by the transport bars and are transported farther by a driven tabletop type conveyor 64 which carries them away to the right.
  • the output of bottles is continuous, without gaps in the supply and there is no crowding or jamming of bottles.
  • the order of the bottles shown in FIG. 5 represents a later phase than is shown in FIG. 4.
  • two fully visible bottles entered the output lane 56.
  • the third bottle is about to move into the gap existing in front of three bottles ap proaching in lane 54.
  • the gap behind the three bottles will be filled in the output lane by the single bottle in lane 51 which, in turn, will be followed by the last bottle in lane 52.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates one manner in which the device may be adjusted to receptacles of different height.
  • a tall bottle 25 and a short bottle 125 are shown.
  • the chuck-carrying conveyors l1 and 12 may be moved closer together, in the case of a shorter bottle, or farther apart in the case of a taller bottle.
  • each carrying conveyor assembly would be moved toward the other by an amount equal to the height h of a spacer block 79 shown in FIG. 6 for the purpose of illustrating the need for, and the extent of, such adjustment.
  • the horizontal gear shafts and the horizontal connecting bars between the vertical outer plates of the base would be constructed to permit telescoping adjustment.
  • the spacing of the conveyor assemblies ll, 12 may be kept constant and the length of the chuck stems be adjusted.
  • the latter form of adjustment is illustrated in the drawings.
  • the chuck stems are for this purpose constructed of telescoping portions, an inner stem portion 235 telescopically slidable within an outer stem portion 135 and clamped thereto by a clamp ring 66.
  • each chuck stem Assuming the two bottles differ in height by 4 inches, it is necessary to lengthen each chuck stem by 2 inches in order to obtain the proper spacing of the chuck pairs at the pickup station 29.
  • distance between the table surface 50 and the chuck-carrying conveyors must also be adjusted by an amount equal to the lengthening of each chuck stem.
  • the necessity for the latter adjustment is illustrated by FIG. 6 showing the table 50 at its proper height for the bottle 25 and showing a shorter bottle 125 placed on a block 79 of a height h which raises the bottle to the proper position in relation to the extended chuck and stem assembly above the short bottle.
  • the height h of the block 79 is also equal to the amount by which the corresponding chuck stem was extended.
  • the surface 50 must therefore be raised to the upper level of the block 79 when bottles 125 are being handled.
  • the conveyor assembly 11, 12 may be lowered with respect to the surface 50 by the same amount.
  • the surface 50, the transport bar conveyor 57, 58 and the track guides above the table may be constructed as a vertically adjustable subassembly, movable up and down with respect to the chuck conveyors ll, 12 and their support 19.
  • the height of the surface 50 may be kept constant and the conveyor assembly ll, 12 be adjusted vertically in relation to the surface.
  • an inner stern portion 235 fits telescopically inside the outer stem portion 135 whose ends are slotted at and are contractable by means of clamp rings 66 (FIG. 8).
  • the right clamp ring clamps the tube 135 to a central boss 67 on the cross head 37.
  • the left clamp ring clamps the outer tube 135 to the inner tube 235.
  • the two chuck blades 44 have diagonal internal slots 68 in them and are slidably held in the forked end 69 of a rod 70.
  • a pin 71 extends through the forked rod and the blade slots.
  • a backup piece 72 of slippery material such as tetrafluoroethylene polymer, also known by the trade name Teflon," lies between the rear edges of the blade 44 and the end of the fork slot.
  • This backup piece 72 normally is seated in a transverse notch 73 in the end of the tube 235 and is held in place by a threaded cap 74 which also engages a rear flange 75 of the mandrel when placed against a terminal threaded flange 76 on the end of the tube 235.
  • the rod has a stiff wire tail 77 attached to it onto which the cross pin 46 is normally clamped.
  • a helical spring 78 bearing with one end against the boss 67 and with its other end against the cross pin 46 tends to push the rod 70 to the lefi.
  • the blades 44 are distended into bottle grasping position by movement of the cross pin 46 and stem 70 to the right. This draws the right vertical edge of the blades against the backup piece 72 and forces the serrated edges 45 to move outwardly into a protruding position with respect to the mandrel core 42. Simultaneously the spring 78 is tensioned.
  • receptacle gripping chucks may be difi'erent specific design than the chucks shown in the drawings.
  • the output of the device may be increased or decreased by operating the device at a faster or slower rate.
  • a machine originally constructed for a relatively low output rate and fitted with only one-half of the number of chuck assemblies, omitting every other assembly, may have its output doubled, when the need arises, by installation of the omitted assemblies.
  • the same basic machine construction therefore permits coverage of a wide range of output rates from less than 100 bottles per minute to over 500 by a corresponding choice of the number of chuck assemblies and operating speeds.
  • SUMMARY OF OPERATION Receptacles 25 continuously arriving at a pickup station 29 are endwisely approached by pairs of chucks 38, one of which engages the receptacle bottom 25 and pushes the receptacle in the direction of its mouth while the opposite chuck of the pair enters the mouth, grasps the receptacle, swings it on an outward downward arc of about 90 to upend it (FIG. 4).
  • the upended receptacles are deposited in parallel lines 51, 52 (FIG. 4), travel along tracks 53, 54, are merged at 55, and are carried away in a single lane 56 (FIG. 5) into which the receptacles feed without danger of jamming at the point of merger 55.
  • the method comprising passing two series of chucks disposed to straddle the rows of receptacles between them, the chucks of said two series being arranged in oppositely directed pairs to point towards the said rows of receptacles moving between them, the rate and direction of advance of the chucks along their paths being substantially equal to the rate and direction of advance of said receptacles, at least within one portion in which the axes of certain successive receptacles are aligned with the axes of certain pairs of chucks straddling said certain receptacles; advancing said certain chucks toward each other by equal distances and far enough to effect longitudinal displacement of the receptacle in the direction of its mouth by one chuck which engages the receptacle bottom, and entry into the receptacle mouth by the opposite chuck; activating the inserted chuck to grasp the receptacle; then pivoting the inserted chuck and the respective receptacle jointly about
  • the method comprising, successively displacing each receptacle of the row in the direction of its mouth, then grasping in succession each receptacle by'its mouth; then pivoting the grasped receptacle about a horizontal axis transverse to the receptacle axis, the direction of tilt of the bottle whose mouth faces in one direction being clockwise, the direction of tilt of the bottle whose mouth faces in the op-.
  • posite direction being counterclockwise, the tilt angle being substantially so as to upend the receptacle; releasing and collecting in one lane the receptacles having been pivoted clockwisely; releasing and depositing in a second lane, spaced from the first lane, the receptacles having been pivoted counterclockwisely; advancing in both lanes the receptacles deposited therein at the same linear rate while maintaining the irregular spaces between successive bottles in each lane; and finally merging the two lanes into one.
  • Method of orienting open-mouthed receptacles arriving in a continuously moving row in which the receptacles are horizontally disposed, parallel, spaced from one another and their ends aligned, the mouths of certain receptacles being directed opposite the mouths of other receptacles comprising, moving a series of pairs of mandrels alongside the row of receptacles, such as to provide a pair for each recepta cle, one mandrel of a pair being directed against the receptacle bottom, the other mandrel of the pair being directed against the mouth, said pairs and the receptacles between them being advanced at the same linear rate in a direction normal to the receptacle axis, then moving the mandrels of each pair towards each other sufiiciently far to make the distance between the mandrels of the pair less than the distance of the receptacle mouth from its bottom to effect axial displacement of the receptacle
  • a tilt body mounted on the base with freedom to tilt from a normal position parallel to said base into an angular position with respect to said base and vertical with respect to the respective receptacle track beneath it, a stem mounted on said tilt body so as to be longitudinally slidable with respect thereto, and a receptacle chuck on said stem, chuck and stem being coaxial and directed towards the oppositely directed chuck of the opposite assembly of the pair when in said parallel position; means responsive to longitudinal movement of said stem relatively to said tilt body for actuating the chuck; and means responsive to the position of the assemblies along the conveyor path for both tilting the respective tilt body and stem and longitudinally sliding said stem relatively to the tilt body, said conveyors being so disposed as to straddle said pickup station to bring the axes of certain chuck pairs, while in their normal horizontal position, into axial alignment with receptacles within said pickup station.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
US45656A 1970-06-12 1970-06-12 Method of, and device for, orienting open-mouthed receptacles arriving in a continuous row of horizontally disposed receptacles Expired - Lifetime US3658168A (en)

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US4565670A 1970-06-12 1970-06-12

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3105585A (en) * 1962-04-30 1963-10-01 Sylvania Electric Prod Bulb orienting apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3105585A (en) * 1962-04-30 1963-10-01 Sylvania Electric Prod Bulb orienting apparatus

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