US3656989A - Production of metal-impregnated porous coke materials - Google Patents
Production of metal-impregnated porous coke materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3656989A US3656989A US19123A US3656989DA US3656989A US 3656989 A US3656989 A US 3656989A US 19123 A US19123 A US 19123A US 3656989D A US3656989D A US 3656989DA US 3656989 A US3656989 A US 3656989A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- process according
- impregnated
- bed
- porous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 complex halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001615 alkaline earth metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of metal-im pregnated porous materials. It is of particular value in connection with the production of metal impregnated coke, and particularly magnesium impregnated coke, and will be described with particular reference thereto. However the invention is of wider applicability in that it may be employed for the production of materials of the said type irrespective of the porous material and metal to be used.
- Nodular iron is sometimes referred to as spheroidal graphite iron, or as ductile iron.
- magnesium, and the alkali metals are useful additives for the purpose of converting any dissolved iron oxides or finely dispersed silicates in the molten metal into insoluble magnesium or alkali metal oxides and silicates.
- the additive for the molten metal a porous carrier material such as porous coke, carbon or graphite which has been impregnated with the desired metal (usually magnesium or an alkali metal).
- the porosity of the carrier may be, for example, up to 50 percent, i.e. 50 percent of the total volume of the carrier is made up of pores.
- the production of such an additive has hitherto been effected by plunging the porous carrier material into a molten bath of the desired metal (e.g. magnesium or alkali metal) so that the pores become filled, or at least partially filled, with the metal, and then solidifying the molten metal in the pores by chilling the impregnated porous body obtained.
- the chilling, or quenching, operation is effected by plunging the hot impregnated material into an oil bath.
- a process for the production of a porous carrier material having a metal impregnated into the pores thereof which comprises impregnating pieces of porous carrier material with hot molten metal so that the same enters the pores thereof, and depositing the impregnated product into a fluidized bed of granular material thereby to quench it.
- a principal advantage of the use of a fluidized bed as a quenching medium is that it tends to distribute the impregnated material according to its effective density.
- fully impregnated pieces of porous carrier due to their metal content, tend to be heavier and to sink in the bed, while any pieces of porous carrier which have not become impregnated or are only very lightly impregnated (and which are therefore unsatisfactory or less satisfactory) tend to form a dross floating on the surface of the bed.
- a final product, recovered from the lower ranges of the bed of high average quality is obtained.
- porous material is preferably coke but other porous materials may be employed according to the use to which the final metal-impregnated material is to be put.
- pieces is used herein to cover pieces of widely varying size, for example from granules to lumps. Coke pieces for impregnation may vary from 6mm to 15 cm in mean diameter.
- the metal may be any such as may be required in the final product but for use in the production of additives for molten ferrous metal, the impregnated metal is preferably magnesium or an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium or lithium. Other metals, e.g. aluminum or copper may be used for special purposes.
- the porous carrier may be impregnated with more than one material, including a metal, again to produce products of value for special purposes.
- rare earth halides may be used in asimilar way to the halides referred to above to form a coating on magnesium impregnated coke.
- the magnesium vapour produced from the magnesium impregnated coke reduces the halides to the metal, for example cerium fluoride may be reduced to cerium metal, and the metal acts to counteract the effect of elements such as bismuth or titanium, which may be present in the iron and which would normally prevent effective conversion of the graphite in the iron to nodular or spheroidal form.
- alloys can be used as impregnants, particularly alloys of the metals noted above or containing one or more such metals.
- a porous coke carrier material having a metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, sodium, potassium and lithium impregnated into the pores thereof by impregnating pieces of porous coke carrier material with hot molten metal so that the same enters the pores thereof and thereafter quenching the impregnated product to solidify the molten metal, the improvement comprising depositing the impregnated product into a fluidized bed with air as the fluidizing medium of a granular particulate material to quench the impregnated product.
- the granular fusible material is a member selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides and complex halides.
- a process according to claim 4 wherein the granular fusible material is a rare earth metal halide.
- metal for impregnating is an alloy containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, sodium, potassium and lithium.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB04538/69A GB1284269A (en) | 1969-03-19 | 1969-03-19 | Production of metal-impregnated porous materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3656989A true US3656989A (en) | 1972-04-18 |
Family
ID=10043011
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19123A Expired - Lifetime US3656989A (en) | 1969-03-19 | 1970-03-12 | Production of metal-impregnated porous coke materials |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3656989A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS5145524B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AT (1) | AT313949B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE747644A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA926714A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2044700B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1284269A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL150514B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3867177A (en) * | 1972-01-05 | 1975-02-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Impregnation of porous body with metal |
| US3868248A (en) * | 1971-10-06 | 1975-02-25 | Foseco Int | Deoxidising molten non-ferrous metals |
| US3885956A (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1975-05-27 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerke | Method and composition for the treatment of ferrous melts and process for making the treating composition |
| US3918963A (en) * | 1973-06-20 | 1975-11-11 | Luigi Palumbo | Addition agent for molten metals and process for making the same |
| US3957502A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1976-05-18 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Addition of magnesium to molten metal |
| US3973061A (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1976-08-03 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Method for the preparation of porous ferrous metal impregnated with magnesium metal |
| US4019897A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-04-26 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Desulfurizing and inoculating agent for molten iron |
| US4083716A (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1978-04-11 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Magnesium base treating agent of molten iron |
| US4194903A (en) * | 1976-10-12 | 1980-03-25 | Hoesch Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method of producing steel with the lowest possible sulfur content by desulfurization of pig iron with magnesium coke |
| US4225343A (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1980-09-30 | Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. | Addition agent for molten metals |
| US4236914A (en) * | 1979-08-15 | 1980-12-02 | Minoru Kitamura | Desulfurization composition for molten pig iron |
| US4299620A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-11-10 | The University Of Alabama | Lamellar graphite inoculant |
| US4353739A (en) * | 1980-05-10 | 1982-10-12 | Foseco International Limited | Desulphurization of ferrous melts |
| US4617053A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1986-10-14 | Great Lakes Carbon Corporation | Metal reinforced porous refractory hard metal bodies |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53122520U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1977-03-04 | 1978-09-29 | ||
| DE3929070A1 (de) * | 1988-11-04 | 1990-05-10 | Fischer Ag Georg | Verfahren zum behandeln einer gusseisenschmelze mittels reinmagnesium |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2506317A (en) * | 1947-02-15 | 1950-05-02 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Removal of heat from finely-divided solids |
| US2561393A (en) * | 1945-10-26 | 1951-07-24 | Donald E Marshall | Process and apparatus for vaporizing solutions and recovering solids therefrom |
| US3019128A (en) * | 1957-09-17 | 1962-01-30 | Union Carbide Corp | Coated carbonaceous articles |
| US3053704A (en) * | 1953-11-27 | 1962-09-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Heat treating metals |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1409567A (fr) * | 1964-08-31 | 1965-08-27 | American Cast Iron Pipe Co | Procédé de préparation de fer nodulaire |
-
1969
- 1969-03-19 GB GB04538/69A patent/GB1284269A/en not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-03-12 US US19123A patent/US3656989A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-03-18 CA CA077731A patent/CA926714A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-03-19 AT AT258970A patent/AT313949B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-03-19 JP JP45022731A patent/JPS5145524B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-03-19 BE BE747644D patent/BE747644A/xx unknown
- 1970-03-19 FR FR7009869A patent/FR2044700B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-03-19 NL NL707003948A patent/NL150514B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2561393A (en) * | 1945-10-26 | 1951-07-24 | Donald E Marshall | Process and apparatus for vaporizing solutions and recovering solids therefrom |
| US2506317A (en) * | 1947-02-15 | 1950-05-02 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Removal of heat from finely-divided solids |
| US3053704A (en) * | 1953-11-27 | 1962-09-11 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Heat treating metals |
| US3019128A (en) * | 1957-09-17 | 1962-01-30 | Union Carbide Corp | Coated carbonaceous articles |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3868248A (en) * | 1971-10-06 | 1975-02-25 | Foseco Int | Deoxidising molten non-ferrous metals |
| US3957502A (en) * | 1971-11-17 | 1976-05-18 | Magnesium Elektron Limited | Addition of magnesium to molten metal |
| US3867177A (en) * | 1972-01-05 | 1975-02-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Impregnation of porous body with metal |
| US3918963A (en) * | 1973-06-20 | 1975-11-11 | Luigi Palumbo | Addition agent for molten metals and process for making the same |
| US3973061A (en) * | 1973-08-03 | 1976-08-03 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Method for the preparation of porous ferrous metal impregnated with magnesium metal |
| US3885956A (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1975-05-27 | Rheinische Kalksteinwerke | Method and composition for the treatment of ferrous melts and process for making the treating composition |
| US4019897A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-04-26 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Desulfurizing and inoculating agent for molten iron |
| US4083716A (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1978-04-11 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Magnesium base treating agent of molten iron |
| US4194903A (en) * | 1976-10-12 | 1980-03-25 | Hoesch Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method of producing steel with the lowest possible sulfur content by desulfurization of pig iron with magnesium coke |
| US4225343A (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1980-09-30 | Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A. | Addition agent for molten metals |
| US4236914A (en) * | 1979-08-15 | 1980-12-02 | Minoru Kitamura | Desulfurization composition for molten pig iron |
| US4299620A (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-11-10 | The University Of Alabama | Lamellar graphite inoculant |
| US4353739A (en) * | 1980-05-10 | 1982-10-12 | Foseco International Limited | Desulphurization of ferrous melts |
| US4617053A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1986-10-14 | Great Lakes Carbon Corporation | Metal reinforced porous refractory hard metal bodies |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL150514B (nl) | 1976-08-16 |
| NL7003948A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-09-22 |
| JPS5145524B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-12-04 |
| DE2012411B2 (de) | 1976-07-29 |
| FR2044700B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-10-19 |
| BE747644A (fr) | 1970-08-31 |
| GB1284269A (en) | 1972-08-02 |
| FR2044700A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1971-02-26 |
| DE2012411A1 (de) | 1970-12-03 |
| AT313949B (de) | 1974-03-11 |
| CA926714A (en) | 1973-05-22 |
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