US3656632A - Hydropneumatic absorbing device for railway rolling stock - Google Patents

Hydropneumatic absorbing device for railway rolling stock Download PDF

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Publication number
US3656632A
US3656632A US27796A US3656632DA US3656632A US 3656632 A US3656632 A US 3656632A US 27796 A US27796 A US 27796A US 3656632D A US3656632D A US 3656632DA US 3656632 A US3656632 A US 3656632A
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
space
partition
movable cylinder
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US27796A
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English (en)
Inventor
Zaven Oganezovich Karakashian
Vsevolod Arutjunovich Lazarian
Boris Vasilievich Azarov
Mikhail Mikhailovich Bolotin
Vladimir Yakovlevich Pershin
Albert Isidorovich Timoshuk
Anatoly Alexandrovi Dragonenko
Ilia Yakovlevich Zarakhovich
Mikhail Vasilievich Svidirov
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/48—Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke
    • F16F9/486—Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke comprising a pin or stem co-operating with an aperture, e.g. a cylinder-mounted stem co-operating with a hollow piston rod
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B61G9/08—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances with fluid springs or fluid shock-absorbers; Combinations thereof

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A hydropneumatic absorbing device used in a railway rolling stock, comprising a cylinder having a movable cylinder mounted at the open end thereof and accommodating a floating piston and connected with a piston provided with through openings. Secured near the bottom of the cylinder is a partition fonning together with the piston a space to be filled with working liquid, and together with the bottom of the cylinder an additional chamber accommodating an additional piston. The partition is provided with through openings through which the working liquid is supplied into the additional chamber and displaces the additional piston. The spaces adjacent to the bottoms of the two cylinders are filled with compressed gas and the pressure in one of the spaces is several times greater than the pressure in the other space.
  • hydropneumatic absorbing devices provided with a cylinder which accommodates another movable cylinder of a smaller diameter, disposed at the open side thereof, the bottom of the latter cylinder interacting with the movable portion of an automatic coupling of'a railway rolling stock.
  • the movable cylinder accommodates a floating piston disposed inside thereof, and at its open side is connected with a piston having through openings, for the working liquid to flow from the space disposed between the bottom of said piston and a partition secured in the cylinder near the bottom thereof, into a space disposed at the other side of the piston.
  • an additional chamber accommodating an additional piston, the latter being displaced by meansof a hollow rod connected therewith and interacting with a piston connected with the movable cylinder in the course of movement of the latter.
  • the space confined between the bottom of the cylinder and the additional piston, as well as the spacedisposed between the bottom of the movable cylinder and the floating piston, are filled with compressed gas.
  • the device To protect the cylinder from excessive pressure, the device is provided with a safety valve arranged in the hollow rod. During its return stroke the movable cylinder is braked by means of a throttle valve (see, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,l93,1 12; July 6, 1965).
  • the absorbing capacity of the hydropneumatic absorbing device depends directly upon the stroke of the piston connected with the movable cylinder of the device.
  • the piston stroke equals 70 mm.
  • its absorbing capacity is equal to l0,000-l2,000 kgm, which, with the preset longitudinal force equalling 200 tons, provides for the absorption of the kinetic energy of collision of four-axle cars moving at a speed of 12 km/hr.
  • the main object of the invention is the provision of a hydropneumatic absorbing device that possesses a greater absorbing capacity owing to an increased stroke of the movable cylinder, the overall dimensions of the device and the allowable longitudinal force being the same.
  • a hydropneumatic absorbing device used in a railway rolling stock and comprising a cylinder having a movable cylinder disposed at the open side thereof and accommodating a floating piston, said movable cylinder interacting with the movable parts of the automatic coupling, being connected with a piston provided with through openings overlapped by a throttle valve during the piston return stroke, a partition being secured near the bottom of the cylinder, together with the piston said partition forming a space filled with working liquid and together with the bottom of the cylinder said partition forming an additional chamber, accommodating an additional piston which moves during the movement of the movable cylinder, the spaces adjacent to the bottoms of the cylinders being filled with compressed air, the pressure of the air in one space exceeding by several times the pressure of the air in the other space; according to the present invention, the partition is provided with openings to communicate the space filled with the working liquid with the additional chamber, and the additional piston is made floating.
  • Such a control of the discharge of the working liquid provides for a still greater absorbing capacity of the hydropneumatic absorbing device.
  • the hydropneumatic absorbing device in accordance with the present invention possesses an absorbing capacity of up to 20,000 kgm, which makes it possible to absorb the kinetic energy produced by the collision of four-axle cars moving at a speed of up to km/hr, or by the collision of six axle cars 0 moving at a speed of up to 16 km/hr, the allowable longitudinal force being equal to 200 tons.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a hydropneumatic absorbing device, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a prespective view of a rod used for controlling the discharge of the working liquid
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the disposition of the device members at the beginning of the working stroke
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 4 in the intermediate position of the working stroke.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 at the beginning of the return stroke.
  • FIG; 6 is a graph of the operation of the hydropneumatic absorbing device.
  • the hydropneumatic absorbing device comprises a cylinder 1 having a movable cylinder 2 mounted at the open side thereof, the bottom of the movable cylinder 2 interacting with movable parts of an automatic coupling device (not shown in the drawing). 0n the outer surface of the movable cylinder 2 are grooves accommodating packing rings 4 and bronze inserts 5. Disposed inside the movable cylinder 2 is a floating piston 6 having rubber packing rings 7 and a hydraulic packing which consists of a small piston 8 housed in a chamber 9 filled with oil and communicating via passages 10 with annular grooves 11 on the outer surface of the floating piston 6.
  • the side of the movable cylinder 2, opposite to the bottom 3 is rigidly connected with a piston 12 having through openings 13 and a central opening 14.
  • the piston 12 is provided with an annular recess 15 accommodating a throttle valve 16 used to overlap the openings 13 during the return stroke of the piston 12.
  • the displacement of the throttle valve 16 is limited by a ring 17.
  • a partition 19 which together with the piston 12 forms a space 20 filled with working liquid introduced through an opening in the cylinder 1 and closed by a plug 21.
  • the partition 19 forms an additional chamber 22 with the bottom 18 of the cylinder 1. This chamber accommodates an additional piston 23 with packing rings 24, the additional piston 23 being made floating.
  • the partition 19 is provided with openings 25 communicating the additional chamber 22 with the space 20.
  • a rod 26 Secured in the middle portion of the partition 19 is a rod 26 having a varying cross section decreasing towards its free end, said rod passing through the central opening 14 in the piston 12.
  • the varying cross section of the rod 26 is obtained due to the fact that the rod has four slots 27 (FIG. 2) therein having the same width, the depth of the slots decreasing in the direction towards the secured end portion of the rod.
  • the body of the rod 26 accommodates a safety valve 28 (FIG. 1) which, in case the pressure of the liquid exceeds an allowable value, communicates the space 20 with a space disposed between the piston 12 and the floating piston 6.
  • the space 29 disposed in the movable cylinder 2 between the bottom 3 thereof and the floating piston 6 is filled with compressed gas supplied via a valve 30, the pressure of the gas being approximately equal to 50 kg/cm
  • a space 31 disposed between the bottom 18 of the cylinder 1 and the additional piston 23 is filled via a valve 32 with compressed gas under the pressure of 15 kglcm
  • the hydropneumatic absorbing device functions as follows:
  • the movable parts of the automatic coupling interact with the bottom 3 of the movable cylinder 2 by moving it inside the cylinder 1.
  • the piston 12 connected with the cylinder 2 moves together with the latter and forces the working liquid out of the space 20 into the additional chamber 22, as shown in FIG. 3, since the pressure of the compressed gas in the space 31 is considerably smaller than that of the compressed gas contained in the space 29.
  • the working liquid flows from the space 20 into the additional chamber 22 until the additional piston 23 displaced by the liquid thrusts against the bottom 18 of the cylinder 1.
  • the working liquid continues to flow in the afore-described manner until the piston 12 reaches the partition 19 and all the working liquid flows into the space 33.
  • the length of the complete stroke of the piston is 120 mm.
  • the return stroke of the piston 12 starts only when the force exerted by the movable parts of the automatic coupling (not shown in the drawing) upon the bottom 3 of the movable cylinder 2 is smaller than the total force of the compressed gas in the spaces 31 and 29.
  • the cylinder 1 is provided with a stop I 34 fashioned as a nut.
  • the diagram shown in FIG. 6 shows the variation of force Q (longitudinal force) depending on stroke S of the piston.
  • Line a shows changes of the force during the compression of the gas in the space 31; line b shows changes of the force Q, when the gas contained in the space 29 is slowly compressed, and line c shows changes of this force during the gas dynamic compression which takes place in accordance with the adiabatic conditions with a polytropic index of ll.3; line d shows changes in the dynamic resistance of the liquid.
  • the cross hatched area at the left shows the operation of the hydropneumatic absorbing device used to damp impacts, with a piston stroke equalling 70 mm, whereas the additional shows an additional increase in the absorbing capacity of the proposed device taking place due to its greater length increased up to 120 mm and to the employment of the rod having a varying cross-section.
  • the hydropneumatic absorbing device provides for an increased absorbing capacity of up to 20,000 kgm, which allows shunting operations with cars having a speed of collision of up to 20 km/hr.
  • this embodiment of the hydropneumatic absorbing device provides for damping of multiple shocks and impacts developed when a train starts moving, is moving along a prolonged slope, or is braked.
  • a hydro-pneumatic absorbing device for absorbing kinetic energy of bodies having relative motion and particulady for automatic couplers for railway rolling stock, said device comprising a first cylinder having open and closed ends; a movable cylinder adapted for engaging the movable parts of an automatic coupling of the rolling stock, said movable cylinder being slidable in said first cylinder at said open end thereof; said movable cylinder having a closed end projecting from the open end of the first cylinder; a floating piston disposed in said movable cylinder; a second piston provided with through openings rigidly connected with said movable cylinder; a throttle valve disposed in said second piston and overlapping said through openings during piston return stroke; a partition provided with through openings, said partition being secured in said first cylinder near the closed end thereof and forming together with said second piston a chamber adapted to be filled with working liquid and together with the closed end of said first cylinder an additional chamber; and an additional floating piston disposed in said additional chamber and being displaced in the course of
  • a hydropneumatic absorbing device as claimed in claim 1 comprising a rod secured to said partition and extending along the axis of the cylinder, said rod having a varying cross section which decreases in a direction away from said partition, said second piston having an opening in which said rod travels and controls discharge of the working liquid through said opening.
  • a hydropneumatic absorbing device as claimed in claim 2 wherein said rod has a passageway for providing communication between the chamber filled with working liquid and the opening in the second piston, and a safety valve in said passageway.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
US27796A 1970-03-11 1970-04-13 Hydropneumatic absorbing device for railway rolling stock Expired - Lifetime US3656632A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1160870 1970-03-11
FR7010776A FR2048364A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-03-11 1970-03-25

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FR (1) FR2048364A5 (enrdf_load_html_response)
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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2342033A1 (de) * 1972-08-21 1974-03-21 Tokico Ltd Hydraulischer stossdaempfer
US3853311A (en) * 1972-02-26 1974-12-10 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Shock absorber for automobile bumper
US3860225A (en) * 1972-07-27 1975-01-14 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Shock absorber
US3993294A (en) * 1974-02-01 1976-11-23 Fichtel & Sachs A.G. Hydropneumatic shock absorber
US4026418A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-05-31 Keystone Industries, Inc. Hydraulic cushioning unit with a gas return
US4185356A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-01-29 Oy Wartsila Ab Door closer
DE2946462A1 (de) * 1979-11-17 1981-05-27 Ringfeder Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld Hydraulischer stossdaempfer
US4401298A (en) * 1980-11-18 1983-08-30 Imperial Clevite Inc. Flexible column viscous spring damper
DE3438164A1 (de) * 1984-10-18 1986-04-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Hydraulik-teleskopstossdaempfer
US4859006A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-08-22 S.A.M.M. - Societe D'applications Des Machines Motrices Hydropneumatic jack
US4909488A (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-03-20 Stabilus Gmbh Gas spring having a plurality of pressure chambers arranged one behind another
US5653425A (en) * 1993-06-22 1997-08-05 Oleo International Limited Energy absorbers
US5823440A (en) * 1996-04-23 1998-10-20 Hunter Industries, Incorporated Rotary sprinkler with velocity controlling valve
FR2848628A1 (fr) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-18 Boeing Co Jambe a amortisseur a deux etages
US20080289921A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Shock absorber for switching-device operating device
US20090078518A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-03-26 Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. Position sensitive shock absorber
US20120217107A1 (en) * 2009-08-18 2012-08-30 Nifco Inc. Damper device
EP4534872A1 (en) * 2023-10-02 2025-04-09 Andreev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich A gas-hydraulic shock absorber

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3820771A (en) * 1972-11-24 1974-06-28 Gen Motors Corp Energy absorbing unit
FR2448662A1 (fr) * 1979-02-06 1980-09-05 Messier Hispano Bugatti Sa Perfectionnements aux amortisseurs et amortisseur-verins notamment pour trains d'atterrissage d'aerodyne
DE59006499D1 (de) * 1989-10-28 1994-08-25 Hemscheidt Fahrwerktech Gmbh Hydropneumatisches Federungssystem.
DE4113031A1 (de) * 1991-04-20 1992-10-22 Teves Gmbh Co Ohg Alfred Stossfaengersystem mit einem ausfahrbaren stossfaenger fuer fahrzeuge
ES2696800B2 (es) * 2017-07-17 2019-06-21 Gimeno Manuel Carcare Cilindro amortiguador de impacto.
CN110159696B (zh) * 2019-01-08 2021-03-16 北京机电工程研究所 复合缓冲阻尼器

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735674A (en) * 1956-02-21 Shock absorbing strut
US3152667A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-10-13 Bendix Corp Metering pin for shock absorbers
US3171546A (en) * 1960-06-20 1965-03-02 Bendix Corp Kinetic energy absorbing device
US3193112A (en) * 1963-01-08 1965-07-06 Karakashjan Zaven Oganezovich Hydropneumatic absorbing device
US3240355A (en) * 1963-10-21 1966-03-15 Ellis Fluid Dynamics Corp Hydraulic device
US3265222A (en) * 1965-07-16 1966-08-09 Acf Ind Inc Railway car cushioning device
US3412870A (en) * 1967-01-24 1968-11-26 Acf Ind Inc End-of-car hydraulic buff and draft cushioning
US3456764A (en) * 1967-04-04 1969-07-22 Baker Oil Tools Inc Apparatus and method for absorbing shock loads

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735674A (en) * 1956-02-21 Shock absorbing strut
US3171546A (en) * 1960-06-20 1965-03-02 Bendix Corp Kinetic energy absorbing device
US3152667A (en) * 1962-01-26 1964-10-13 Bendix Corp Metering pin for shock absorbers
US3193112A (en) * 1963-01-08 1965-07-06 Karakashjan Zaven Oganezovich Hydropneumatic absorbing device
US3240355A (en) * 1963-10-21 1966-03-15 Ellis Fluid Dynamics Corp Hydraulic device
US3265222A (en) * 1965-07-16 1966-08-09 Acf Ind Inc Railway car cushioning device
US3412870A (en) * 1967-01-24 1968-11-26 Acf Ind Inc End-of-car hydraulic buff and draft cushioning
US3456764A (en) * 1967-04-04 1969-07-22 Baker Oil Tools Inc Apparatus and method for absorbing shock loads

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853311A (en) * 1972-02-26 1974-12-10 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Shock absorber for automobile bumper
US3860225A (en) * 1972-07-27 1975-01-14 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Shock absorber
DE2342033A1 (de) * 1972-08-21 1974-03-21 Tokico Ltd Hydraulischer stossdaempfer
US3993294A (en) * 1974-02-01 1976-11-23 Fichtel & Sachs A.G. Hydropneumatic shock absorber
US4026418A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-05-31 Keystone Industries, Inc. Hydraulic cushioning unit with a gas return
US4185356A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-01-29 Oy Wartsila Ab Door closer
DE2946462A1 (de) * 1979-11-17 1981-05-27 Ringfeder Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld Hydraulischer stossdaempfer
US4401298A (en) * 1980-11-18 1983-08-30 Imperial Clevite Inc. Flexible column viscous spring damper
DE3438164A1 (de) * 1984-10-18 1986-04-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Hydraulik-teleskopstossdaempfer
US4859006A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-08-22 S.A.M.M. - Societe D'applications Des Machines Motrices Hydropneumatic jack
US4909488A (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-03-20 Stabilus Gmbh Gas spring having a plurality of pressure chambers arranged one behind another
US5653425A (en) * 1993-06-22 1997-08-05 Oleo International Limited Energy absorbers
US5823440A (en) * 1996-04-23 1998-10-20 Hunter Industries, Incorporated Rotary sprinkler with velocity controlling valve
FR2848628A1 (fr) * 2002-12-12 2004-06-18 Boeing Co Jambe a amortisseur a deux etages
US20080289921A1 (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-11-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Shock absorber for switching-device operating device
US20090078518A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-03-26 Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. Position sensitive shock absorber
US8807299B2 (en) 2007-09-26 2014-08-19 Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. Position sensitive shock absorber
US20120217107A1 (en) * 2009-08-18 2012-08-30 Nifco Inc. Damper device
US8827056B2 (en) * 2009-08-18 2014-09-09 Nifco Inc. Damper device
EP4534872A1 (en) * 2023-10-02 2025-04-09 Andreev, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich A gas-hydraulic shock absorber

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FR2048364A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-03-19
GB1306292A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-02-07

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