US3653795A - Surface burner systems - Google Patents

Surface burner systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3653795A
US3653795A US11603A US3653795DA US3653795A US 3653795 A US3653795 A US 3653795A US 11603 A US11603 A US 11603A US 3653795D A US3653795D A US 3653795DA US 3653795 A US3653795 A US 3653795A
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United States
Prior art keywords
panel
fuel
vaporizer body
mixing chamber
chamber
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US11603A
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English (en)
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Gregorio Villini
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/02—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel
    • F23C2700/026—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel with pre-vaporising means

Definitions

  • Cl ..F23d 11/44 Provides a Vaporisef located the Panel and arranged to be 58 Field 01 Search ..431/208, 247, 328, 123, 37 heated y
  • the vaporizer contains chamber in which liquid fuel under pressure boils, the vapor passing through an injec- [56] References Cited tor nozzle to reach the venturi tube.
  • the flow from the injector nozzle to the venturi can be controlled by manual control UNITED STATES PATENTS means.
  • the invention relates to infra-red radiant gas burners of the type commonly used for domestic heating and comprising a mixing chamber to which a gaseous fuel is fed through a venturi tube to which the air of combustion is admitted.
  • the fuelair mixture is burnt externally of the surface of a porous or perforated heat-resistant panel which forms a wall of the mixing chamber. Passage of the mixture through the panel enhances the pre-mixing of the fuel with the air of combustion.
  • the panel heats up and its incandescence promotes a sound, flameless combustion of the highest reaction efficiency.
  • Burners of the above-mentioned type have in the past been fed exclusively with fuel in gaseous form.
  • the invention provides a burner system of the abovementioned type modified for operation with liquid fuels such as kerosene or gasoil.
  • a surface burner system comprises in combination a mixing chamber having a wall in the form of a panel through which gas may pass and at which panel combustion is adapted to take place, a venturi tube leading into the mixing chamber and adapted to admit gasous fuel and air of combustion; a vaporiser body of heat-conductive material arranged adjacent the panel and adapted to be heated by the panel when the panel heats up, the vaporiser body having an internal cavity forming a vaporizing chamber, means for connecting the vaporizing chamber to a source of liquid fuel under pressure, injector means for feeding fuel vaporized in the vaporizing chamber to the venturi tube for admission to the mixing chamber, and means for controlling flow of the vaporized fuel through the injector means.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a surface burner
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view on line IlII ofFIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale through a vaporizer as used in the burner of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view similar to that of FIG. 3 and showing a modified embodiment of a vaporiser control as might be used in the burner of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an axial sectional view of a modified embodiment burner
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view on line VI-Vl of FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale on line VII VII of FIG. 5, and
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view on line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7.
  • 1 detones a perforated heat-resistant panel closing at the front a casing 2 of a mixing chamber 3 of a surface burner.
  • a venturi tube 4 supplies a mixture of air of combustion and fuel vapor to the chamber 3.
  • a vaporizer body 5 made of heat-condcutive material, preferably stainless metal or a metal alloy such as an aluminum alloy is fixedly mounted nearly the panel 1.
  • the body 5 has an internal cavity forming a vaporizing chamber 6 (FIG. 3).
  • a liquid fuel preferably a hydrocarbon such as kerosene or gasoil is fed under pressure from a reservoir (not shown) through a conduit 77 and a connecting pipe 7 to the lower part of the vaporizing chamber 6.
  • the panel 1 When the panel 1 becomes incandescent on operation of the burner, it heats the vaporizer body 5 to a temperature such that the fuel in the chamber 6 boils.
  • a level 8 is thus established in the chamber 6, beneath which most of the fuel is liquid and above which the fuel is in a vaporized state.
  • vaporized fuel is forced through conduits, 9, 10 in the body 5 to an injector nozzle 11 which injects it into the venturi tube 4.
  • the section of the conduits 9, 10 is substantially smaller, by at least one-half, than the cross-sectional area of the vaporizing chamber 6.
  • the nozzle 11 and its adjoining portion of the vaporizer body 5 are spaced far enough from the panel 1 to be at a lower temperature than the portion of the body 5 surrounding the vaporizing chamber 6.
  • a slot 5a in the body 5 impedes transmission of heat to the nozzle 1 1 from the hot portion of the body 5.
  • the nozzle 11 comprises a cylindrical tube 12 provided with an end flange 12a and is bored for flow of vapor therethrough. It has a screw-threaded end upstream of the flange 12a for attachment to the body 5. Its other end is closed by a tapered nose portion carrying at its tip a needle 13 and being pierced by a plurality of holes 14 for outflow of vapor.
  • a sleeve 15 is freely displaceable on the tube 12 and has a flanged end portion 16 centrally bored at 17.
  • the flanges 12a and 16 are sealing connected by bellows 18, preferably of metal, which is resiliently collapsible and is connected to the flanges.
  • a lever 19 is articulated at 20 to a fixed support 5 and acts at one end through a contact 21 on the flange 16 of the sleeve 15.
  • the lever has articulated thereto at its end opposite the contact 21 a rod 24 including a screw-threadedportion 25 extending with a wide clearance through a hole in the support S.
  • a knob 26 is threaded on the portion 25 and is provided with an extension 27 adapted to engage a stop 28 on the support S.
  • Rapid and immediate closing of the injector orifice 17 causes a corresponding rise in the vapor pressure in the chamber 6, causing liquid fuel to flow back rapidly through the supply conduit to the reservoir. This allows removal of any impurities which may have led to the formation of sludge in the vaporizing system and so making routine cleaning by conventional methods necessary only after relatively long intervals.
  • the body 5 of the vaporizer is heated to the boiling point of the fuel by means of an auxiliary electric resistor 29 (FIGS. 1 and 2) arranged intermediate the vaporizer body 5 and panel 1, having a portion 290 exposed on a panel portion which is not covered by the body 5.
  • auxiliary electric resistor 29 FIGS. 1 and 2
  • a thermostate 30 (FIG. 3) opens an electrovalve 31 interposed in the supply conduit 77 to allow fuel to flow to the vaporizer and vapor to be injected into the venturi 4.
  • the air-vapor mixture issues from the mixing chamber 3 through holes in the panel 1 and impinges upon the incandescent exposed resistor portion 29a, causing the mixture to ignite.
  • a further thermostat (not shown) cuts out the circuit of the resistor 29 when the panel 1 is thoroughly ignited.
  • a bimetal strip 32 fixed on the vaporizer body 5 acts on the flange 16 at the end of the sleeve 15 in order to cause the nozzle orifice 17 to open automatically at the fuel boiling temperature and reclose in the cold condition of the vaporizer.
  • An electric heater (not seen in FIG. 4) heats the strip initially.
  • Special closure means (not illustrated) may be provided to move the flange 16 back to the closed position of the injector 11 when the burner is to be extinguished, or a flow restriction member might be provided in the fuel supply systems for thus purpose.
  • a mixing chamber 103 is defined by a cylindrical perforated panel 101 clamped by means of bolts 133 between two circular plates 134, 135.
  • the body of the vaporizer 105 is of L- shape and comprises a vertical section 136 adjacent to the panel 101 and enclosing a vaporizing chamber 106, and a horizontal section 137 carrying an injector nozzle 111 aligned with a venturi tube 104 supplying the fuel mixture to the chamber 103.
  • the burner system operates similarly to the previously described embodiment.
  • a surface burner system comprising in combination a mixing chamber having a wall in the form of a panel through which gas may be passed and at which panel combustion is adapted to take place, a venturi tube leading into the mixing chamber and adapted to admit gaseous fuel and air of combustion, A vaporizer body of heat-conductive material arranged adjacent the panel and adapted to be heated by the panel when the panel heats up, the vaporizer body having an internal cavity forming a vaporizing chamber means for connecting the vaporizing chamber to a source of liquid fuel under pressure, injector means for feeding fuel vaporized in the vaporizing chamber to the venturi tube for admission to the mixing chamber, and means for controlling flow of the vaporized fuel through the injector means; said injector means comprising a bored tube secured to the vaporizer body having a perforated outer end for the outlet of vapor and a needle on such outer end, a sleeve slidable on the bored tube and having an injection orifice aligned with the needle and resilient means mounted between the bored tube and the
  • a burner system as claimed in claim 1, in which the means to move the sleeve comprises a manually operated lever system.
  • a burner system as claimed in claim 1, in which the means to move the sleeve comprises a bimetal strip secured to the vaporizer body.
  • a surface burner system comprising in combination a mixing chamber having a wall in the form of a panel through which gas may pass and at which panel combustion is adapted to take place, a Venturi tube leading into the mixing chamber and adapted to admit gaseous fuel and air of combustion, a vaporizer body of heat-conductive material having an upper part arranged adjacent the panel and adapted to be heated by the panel when the panel heats up, and a lower part located below the panel, the vaporizer body having an internal cavity forming a vaporizing chamber, means for connecting the vaporizing chamber to a source of liquid fuel under pressure, injector means for feeding fuel vaporized in the vaporizing chamber to the Venturi tube for admission to the mixing chamber, and means for controlling the flow of the vaporized fuel through the injector means; said lower part of said vaporizer body being comprised of closely spaced-apart first and second leg portions, the vaporizing chamber having an inlet for liquid fuel disposed in said first leg portion and said injector means being positioned on said second leg portion,
  • the vapor state of the fuel in the injector means is maintained at a temperature mtermediate between that of the atmosphere and that of the upper part of the vaporizer body and higher than the temperature of the vaporizer body at the fuel inlet in the first leg portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
US11603A 1969-02-18 1970-02-16 Surface burner systems Expired - Lifetime US3653795A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT6030669 1969-02-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3653795A true US3653795A (en) 1972-04-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11603A Expired - Lifetime US3653795A (en) 1969-02-18 1970-02-16 Surface burner systems

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US (1) US3653795A (it)
AT (1) AT297261B (it)
CH (1) CH502555A (it)
DE (1) DE2007233A1 (it)
ES (1) ES376621A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2035567A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1250595A (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170153024A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2017-06-01 Tubitak A hybrid homogenous-catalytic combustion system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1409918A (en) * 1920-10-09 1922-03-21 Arthur H Brainerd Oil burner
US2785741A (en) * 1953-11-12 1957-03-19 Grauers Kjell Georg Automatic controlling means for liquid fuel burners
US3118490A (en) * 1960-08-22 1964-01-21 Doris Wykes Liquid-fuel burning apparatus
US3152634A (en) * 1960-07-12 1964-10-13 Emailleerfabriek De Ijsel Nv Liquid fuel combustion apparatus with previous vaporization
US3329139A (en) * 1963-07-19 1967-07-04 Antargaz Radiant heating apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1409918A (en) * 1920-10-09 1922-03-21 Arthur H Brainerd Oil burner
US2785741A (en) * 1953-11-12 1957-03-19 Grauers Kjell Georg Automatic controlling means for liquid fuel burners
US3152634A (en) * 1960-07-12 1964-10-13 Emailleerfabriek De Ijsel Nv Liquid fuel combustion apparatus with previous vaporization
US3118490A (en) * 1960-08-22 1964-01-21 Doris Wykes Liquid-fuel burning apparatus
US3329139A (en) * 1963-07-19 1967-07-04 Antargaz Radiant heating apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170153024A1 (en) * 2014-06-30 2017-06-01 Tubitak A hybrid homogenous-catalytic combustion system
US10041668B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2018-08-07 Tubitak Hybrid homogenous-catalytic combustion system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT297261B (de) 1972-03-27
GB1250595A (it) 1971-10-20
CH502555A (it) 1971-01-31
DE2007233A1 (de) 1970-09-03
FR2035567A5 (it) 1970-12-18
ES376621A1 (es) 1972-05-16

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