US3651439A - Method of orienting electrically conductive bodies, preferably non-magnetic ones, in a magnetic field and apparatus for performing same - Google Patents
Method of orienting electrically conductive bodies, preferably non-magnetic ones, in a magnetic field and apparatus for performing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3651439A US3651439A US885193A US3651439DA US3651439A US 3651439 A US3651439 A US 3651439A US 885193 A US885193 A US 885193A US 3651439D A US3651439D A US 3651439DA US 3651439 A US3651439 A US 3651439A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic field
- electromagnet
- orienting
- magnetic
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/22—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
- B65G47/24—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles
- B65G47/256—Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors orientating the articles removing incorrectly orientated articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
- Y10T29/53196—Means to apply magnetic force directly to position or hold work part
Definitions
- ABSTRACT There are disclosed a method of orienting electrically conductive bodies, preferably, made of non-magnetic materials, in a magnetic field andan apparatus for performing this method, according to which a body is oriented by the action thereupon of a non-uniform magnetic field created by an alternating electric current, by means of a electromagnet, the orientation operation being determined by the features of the body, giving different electric conductivity to the portions of this body, disposed at the opposite sides thereof.
- Such method can be used for orienting various articles and workpieces having hidden internal characteristic features, such as flat bi-metal workpieces of non-magnetic electrically conductive articles having asymmetrical opposite sides, or else articles enclosed within an external casing, so that their characteristic structural or technological features are hidden from view.
- the present invention relates to a method of orienting electrically conductive bodies, preferably, made of nonmagnetic I materials, in a magnetic field, and to apparatus for performing this method, which apparatus performs orientation of such bodies into a desired position of their side surfaces or planes having different values of electric conductivity.
- a method of orienting electrically conductive bodies in a magnetic field is known, according to which a body is oriented, as a result of interaction of a magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet with alternating electric currents induced in the body being oriented.
- this known method does not provide for adequately accurate orientation of successive bodies, and, besides, it cannot be used for orienting flat bodies into a desired position of their opposite flat sides having different electric conductivity.
- the present invention contemplates a method orienting electrically conductive bodies in a magnetic field and of an apparatus for performing such method, which will provide for orienting a body into a desired spacial position of one of its planar surfaces, the body being characterized either by a structural asymmetry or by its being made of different materials, whereby different portions of this body have different values of electrical conductivity.
- a body is oriented by the action thereupon 'of a non-uniform magnetic field generated by an alternating electric current, the orientation being determined by the features of said body yielding different electric conductivity of the portions thereof disposed adjacent to the opposite sides of said body, the frequency of said alternating electric current being selected to provide a predetermined depth of penetration of the magnetic flux of said field into said body, said depth not exceeding the respective linear dimension of said body.
- An apparatus for performing said method comprises, in accordance with the present invention, an electromagnet adapted to be-supplied with an alternating electric current, one of the pole pieces of said electromagnet being shaped as a wedge having its pointed edge facing the orientation zone, and means preventing rotation of said body about an axis parallel to said pointed edge of said wedge-shaped pole piece.
- said means for preventing rotation of said body includes a second electromagnet adapted to be supplied with alternating electric current, the frequency of said last-mentioned alternating current supply being different from the frequency of said firstmentioned alternating electric current supply to said first electromagnet, the pole pieces of said second electromagnet having substantially flat faces facing each other and said orientation zone.
- a method of orienting electrically conductive bodies in a magnetic field, embodying the present invention, and the apparatus performing such method have been found to attain the aims and objects, as set hereinabove, and also to be capable of orienting various articles and workpieces by their internal characteristic features, for example, flat bi-metal articles, or else non-magnetic electrically conductive parts having asymmetrical side planes and encased within a solid plastic housing, hiding from view the structural features and the internal asymmetry of these parts.
- FIG. 1 illustrates schematically in perspective view an operation of indexing asymmetrical fiat bodies by the different electric conductivity of their opposite sides, in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 shows several samples of articles which may be indexed by a method embodying the invention
- FIG. 3 shows schematically in perspective view an apparatus performing a method embodying the invention
- FIG. 4 shows schematically an arrangement of chutes for supplying successive bodies into the indexing zone and delivering said bodies therefrom, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 3.
- a body to be oriented e.g. an article 1 (FIG. 1) is forwarded along a chute 2, from the open end of which it falls by gravity into the space between the respective pole pieces of electromagnets 3 and 4 of which the respective windings are supplied with alternating current, the frequency of the alternating current supplied, respectively, to the windings 5 and 6 of the electromagnets 3 and 4 being different.
- a chute 2 from the open end of which it falls by gravity into the space between the respective pole pieces of electromagnets 3 and 4 of which the respective windings are supplied with alternating current, the frequency of the alternating current supplied, respectively, to the windings 5 and 6 of the electromagnets 3 and 4 being different.
- the electromagnet 3 produces a magnetic field whose induction decreases toward the body being oriented, whereby the latter, as it falls in the magnetic field, is repelled by this electromagnet.
- the value of the electromotive force produced by the interaction of the magnetic field created by the electric current induced in the side portion of the article 1, facing the electromagnet 3, with the external alternating magnetic field is indirect proportion to the electrical conductivity of the lastmentioned portion (presuming that the other parameters, such as the voltage of the field, its frequency and the rate of the descent of the article 1 are of pre-determined constant respective values).
- the frequency of the alternating current supply to the electromagnet 3 to a value corresponding to a desired depth of penetration of the magnetic flux of this electromagnet into the article 3, this depth of penetration not exceeding, however, the corresponding linear dimension of the article being oriented in the direction of the magnetic flux, i.e., in the direction toward the source of this magnetic flux.
- the frequency is about 1,000 cycles per second; should the depth of these grooves or indentations be about 0.5 mm., the corresponding frequency is about 3,500
- the opposite sides of the article 1 are of different configurations, or else they have different structural features, e.g. one of the sides is grooved, knurled, slotted, etc., and also when the opposite sides of the article are made of materials with different values of electrical conductivity, the path of the free fall of such article in the magnetic field of the electromagnet 3 would be different, depending on which side of the article faces the electromagnet 3, whereby at the end of that fall the article will arrive in a respective one of the two delivery chutes 7.
- the last-described principle can be successfully applied either for assorting successive article according to their structural features (when different ones of the successive articles have different structural features of their side portions facing the electromagnet, or else when similar articles are supplied, with their different side portions facing the electromagnet) or for rejecting defective articles in a likewise manner, which can be highly useful for a broad variety of automatically performed processing and assembling operations.
- the hereinabove disclosed method of orienting successive bodies can be performed by an apparatus shown schematically in FIG. 3.
- the apparatus comprises an electromagnet 8 with a winding 9 adapted to be supplied with alternating electric current, and a pair of pole pieces 10 and 11, the pole piece 10 being wedge-shaped, with the pointed edge facing the orientation zone, the pole piece 10 being positioned for the spacing of its pointed edge from the path of travel of a body 12 being oriented to be substantially constant throughout this path within the orientation zone (if the body 12 is facing the pole piece 12 with that one of its sides which has a smaller value of electric conductivity than the opposite one).
- the opposite pole piece 11 of the electromagnet 8 has a V-shaped cut aligned with the wedge-shaped portion of the pole piece 10.
- the spacing between the pole pieces 10 and 11 may be adjusted by moving the pole piece 11, to correspond to the thickness of the body 12 and the range of its possible positions in a direction, normal to the pointed edge of the wedgeshaped pole piece 10.
- the wedge-shaped configuration of the pole piece 10 provides for a desired degree of non-uniformity of the magnetic field in the orientation zone.
- the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 further comprises a second electromagnet 13 whose winding 14 is adapted to be supplied with alternating electric current having a frequency different from that of the alternating current supply to the winding 9 of the electromagnet 8.
- the pole pieces 15 and 16 of the electromagnet 13 have flat end faces, facing each other and the orientation zone.
- the electromagnet 13 prevents rotation of the body 12 about an axis parallel to the pointed edge of the wedge-shaped pole piece 10, Le. it maintains a desired angular position of the main plane of the body 12, as it falls through the orientation zone.
- FIG. 4 shows schematically (in an axially sectional view) the arrangement of the pole pieces 10 and 11 and a pair of chutes l8 and 19 used, respectively, for supplying successive plates 17 into the orientation zone and for delivering the oriented plates 17 therefrom.
- the path of its free fall is determined by the value of the electrodynamic force F applied thereto, this value, in turn, on depending on which side of the plate 17 is facing the pointed edge of the wedgeshaped pole piece 10.
- every one of the successive plates 17 would be positioned in either one of the two branches of the delivery chute 18, with the side portion of each plate, which has the greater electric conductivity, facing upwardly.
- a method of orienting an electrically conductive body, preferably, non-magnetic, in a magnetic field comprising dropping through an orientation zone bodies having opposite sides with different electroconductivities therein, orienting each said body in said zone by the action thereupon of a non-uniform magnetic field created by an alternating electric current, and regulating the frequency of said alternating electric current to provide for a predetermined depth of penetration of the flux of said magnetic field into said body, said depth not exceeding the corresponding linear dimension of said body.
- An apparatus for orienting an electrically conductive body, preferably, non-magnetic, in a magnetic field comprising: an electromagnet adapted to be connected to an alternating current supply source; said electromagnet including at least one pair of pole pieces defining therebetween an orientation zone, one of said poles pieces being substantially wedge-shaped and having a pointed edge facing said orientation zone; means for depositing the body for free fall through said orientation zone; and means for preventing rotation of said body during free fall about an axis parallel to said pointed edge of said substantially wedge-shaped pole piece.
- said means for preventing rotation of said body about an axis parallel to said pointed edge of said substantially wedge-shaped pole piece comprises a second electromagnet adapted to be supplied with an alternating electric current of a frequency different from that of said alternating current supply to said firstmentioned electromagnet, said second electromagnet having at least one pair of substantially flatfaced pole pieces facing each other and said orientation zone.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
- Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU1289058A SU356001A1 (ru) | 1968-12-25 | УСТРОЙСТВО дл СОРТИРОВКИ плоских ТЕЛ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3651439A true US3651439A (en) | 1972-03-21 |
Family
ID=20444019
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US885193A Expired - Lifetime US3651439A (en) | 1968-12-25 | 1969-12-15 | Method of orienting electrically conductive bodies, preferably non-magnetic ones, in a magnetic field and apparatus for performing same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3651439A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1964659C3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2027088A1 (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3854110A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1974-12-10 | B Ioffe | Method of orienting bodies in magnetic field and device for carrying same into effect |
US4069145A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1978-01-17 | Magnetic Separation Systems, Inc. | Electromagnetic eddy current materials separator apparatus and method |
US4077027A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-02-28 | Benyamin Alexandrovich Ioffe | Method of oriented feeding of nonmagnetic current-conducting components and devices for effecting same |
US4238658A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1980-12-09 | Ioffe Benyamin A | Method of assembly of nonmagnetic current-conducting components |
US4238323A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-12-09 | Ioffe Benyamin A | Method of and apparatus for electrodynamic separation of nonmagnetic free-flowing materials |
US5275292A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-01-04 | Brugger Richard D | Eddy current separator |
US20140248679A1 (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2014-09-04 | Jing Zhang | Apparatus and Methods to Enhance Field Gradient For Magnetic Rare Cell Separation |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2658000C2 (de) * | 1976-12-21 | 1982-12-16 | Institut fiziki Akademii Nauk Latvijskoj SSR, Salaspils, Rižskij rajon | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verteilen asymmetrischer nichtmagnetischer stromleitender Teile auf verschiedene Förderströme |
FR2377239A1 (fr) * | 1977-01-12 | 1978-08-11 | Inst Fiz An Latvssr | Procede de triage de pieces asymetriques amagnetiques conductrices et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU181481A1 (de) * | тагп чсскд | |||
US3054026A (en) * | 1956-08-21 | 1962-09-11 | William V Lovell | Surgical electromagnet |
-
1969
- 1969-12-15 US US885193A patent/US3651439A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-12-15 FR FR6943392A patent/FR2027088A1/fr active Pending
- 1969-12-23 DE DE1964659A patent/DE1964659C3/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU181481A1 (de) * | тагп чсскд | |||
US3054026A (en) * | 1956-08-21 | 1962-09-11 | William V Lovell | Surgical electromagnet |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3854110A (en) * | 1969-12-15 | 1974-12-10 | B Ioffe | Method of orienting bodies in magnetic field and device for carrying same into effect |
US4238658A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1980-12-09 | Ioffe Benyamin A | Method of assembly of nonmagnetic current-conducting components |
US4069145A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1978-01-17 | Magnetic Separation Systems, Inc. | Electromagnetic eddy current materials separator apparatus and method |
US4077027A (en) * | 1977-01-17 | 1978-02-28 | Benyamin Alexandrovich Ioffe | Method of oriented feeding of nonmagnetic current-conducting components and devices for effecting same |
US4238323A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1980-12-09 | Ioffe Benyamin A | Method of and apparatus for electrodynamic separation of nonmagnetic free-flowing materials |
US5275292A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-01-04 | Brugger Richard D | Eddy current separator |
US20140248679A1 (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2014-09-04 | Jing Zhang | Apparatus and Methods to Enhance Field Gradient For Magnetic Rare Cell Separation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2027088A1 (de) | 1970-09-25 |
DE1964659A1 (de) | 1970-11-12 |
DE1964659C3 (de) | 1975-12-18 |
DE1964659B2 (de) | 1975-05-07 |
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