US3651084A - Substituted phenylalkanoic acids - Google Patents

Substituted phenylalkanoic acids Download PDF

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US3651084A
US3651084A US818393A US81839369A US3651084A US 3651084 A US3651084 A US 3651084A US 818393 A US818393 A US 818393A US 81839369 A US81839369 A US 81839369A US 3651084 A US3651084 A US 3651084A
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acid
pyrryl
phenyl
water
ether
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Rolf Denss
Niels Clauson-Kaas
Franz Ostermayer
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Novartis Corp
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Ciba Geigy Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/325—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/327—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms

Definitions

  • the compounds are of the class of [4-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-alkanoic acid and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity; the compounds are active ingredients of pharmaceutical compositions and are useful for alleviating pain and treating inflammatory diseases in mammals; an illustrative embodiment is 4-[4-(1-pyrryl)-3-chlorophenyl]- butyric acid.
  • the present invention invention concerns substituted phenylalkanoic acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods of alleviating pain and treating inflammatory diseases in mammals comprising administering them.
  • the present invention concerns [4- (1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-alkanoic acids of the formula wherein Z is the CH or the -CO group, and R is hydrogen or halogen up to the atomic number 35,
  • R as halogen up to the atomic number 35 can be fluoro, chloro or bromo, and is preferably chloro.
  • a preferred subclass are compounds of Formula I, wherein Z is the CH group and R is hydrogen or chloro, as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • Preferred members of the compounds of Formula I are 4-[4-(l-pyrryl)-3-chlorophenyl]-butyric acid, 4- [p-(lpyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid, 3- [p-(l-pyrryl)-benzoyl]- propionic acid and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • the compounds of the present invention were found to have valuable pharmacological properties, in particular, analgetic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity, combined with a favorable therapeutic index.
  • the pharmacological activity of the compounds of the invention is determined in various standard tests with experimental animals.
  • mice The analgesic activity is demonstrated in the writhing test in mice. This test is described by E. Siegmund, R. Cadmus and G. Lu, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 95, 729 (1957). The amount of test substance is determined preventing in the test animals the syndrome produced by intraperitoneal injection of Z-phenyl-1,4-benzoquinone.
  • Another group of rats having not obtained the test compound, but the bolus alba serves as control group.
  • Each group consists of 20 male albino rats weighing about to about g.
  • the intensity of the swelling of the rats paw is determined 5 hours after the bolus alba injection, by measuring the weight difierences of the unswollen left paws and the swollen right paws.
  • 4-[4-(l-pyrryl)-3-chloropheny1]-butyric acid administered in a dosage of about 25 mg./kg. of bodyweight significantly inhibits the formation of the bolus alba edema indicating a pronounced anti-inflammatory activity.
  • the toxicity of the compounds of the invention on oral administration is of favorable low order.
  • the new, substituted alkanoic acids of the general Formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts with inorganic and organic bases are suitable as active substances for medicaments, which can be administered orally, rectally or parenterally, for the relief and removal of pains of varying origin and for the treatment of rheumatic and other inflammatory diseases.
  • the new, substituted alkanoic acids of the general Formula I and their salts are produced by reacting a compound of the general Formula II wherein R and Z have the meaning given under Formula I, or a salt thereof with monomeric or polymeric succinaldehyde or with an open or cyclic, reactive functional derivative of the monomeric succinaldehyde and, optionally, converting an obtained acid of the general Formula I into a salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • the succinic aldehyde is added in its monomeric form (which immediately before the reaction is obtained from a functional derivative or from distillation of polymeric form), or in a polymeric modification '(cf. C. Harries Ber. 35, 1183-1189 (1902)).
  • X and X' are independently of each other, rests of formulae RO- and R--*COC in which R stands for an optional halogen substituted hydrocarbon rest, or-chlorine or bromine atoms, or X together with Y' is also the x0 rest: 0,
  • Y and Y' are independently of each other, rests of the before defined formulae RO- or R-C-0O or both together the epoxy rest -O, or each together with Z and Z' respectively each an additional binding accord- 'ing to the dotted lines and Z and Z' are hydrogen atoms if they do not have one of the before mentioned meanings,
  • succinic aldehyde Of the compounds of the general Formula III which can be used in place of succinic aldehyde, are mentioned as examples of open-chain derivatives of the monomeric succinic aldehyde the acetals of the latter such as succinic aldehyde mono diethylacetal, -bis-dimethylacetal, -'bis-diethylacetal, also acylals thereof such as succinic aldehyde-Ll-diacetate (4,4 diacetoxybutyraldehyde), enol ethers thereof such as 1,4-diphenoxybutadiene, and enol esters thereof such as 1,4-diacetoxybutadiene.
  • succinic aldehyde mono diethylacetal -bis-dimethylacetal
  • -'bis-diethylacetal also acylals thereof such as succinic aldehyde-Ll-diacetate (4,4 diacetoxybutyral
  • Cornpounds of the general Formula III, wherein Y and Y together form the epoxy radical are strictly derivatives of tetrahydrofuran which, depending on the meaning of X and X, react like the acetals or acylals of the succinaldehyde or like open-chain m-halogen ethers.
  • Such compounds are, e.g.
  • 2,5-dialkoxytetrahydrofurans and related compounds such as 2,5-dimethoxy, 2,5-diethoxy, 2,5-dipropoxy, 2,5-dibutoxy, 2,5-bisallyloxy, 2,5-bis-(2- chloroethoxy), 2,5-diphenoxy and 2,5-bis-(3,4-xylyloxy)- tetrahydrofuran, also 2,5-diacyloxytetrahydrofurans such as 2,S-diacetoxytetrahydrofuran, as well as 2,5-dihalogentetrahydrofurans such as 2,5-dichlorotetrahydrofuran and 2,S-dibromotetrahydrofuran and, finally, also compounds which simultaneously belong to two types such as Z-chloro-S-(Z-chloroethoxy)-tetrahydrofuran and 2- allyloxy-S-chlorotetrahydrofuran.
  • any solvent is suitable in which the latter is soluble, e.g. water, methanol, ethanol or acetic acid.
  • Acetals and acylals of the succinaldehyde, as well as cyclic, acetal-like derivatives, are advantageously reacted in acetic acid as the solvent and condensation agent, or in the presence of catalytic amounts of an acid condensation agent such as p-toluene sulphonic acid, inthepresence or absence of'an inert organic solvent or diluent such as, e.g.
  • reaction of compounds of the general Formula III, wherein X and/or X are halogen atoms is performed, e.g. in inert organic solvents such as chloroform or those mentioned above.
  • the reaction temperature is preferably between room temperature and boiling temperature of the applied solvent or diluent, whereby the lowest range is suitable, especially in the case of the latter mentioned halogen compounds.
  • the 4-(p-aminophenyl)-butyric acid and the 3-(p-aminobenzoyl)-propionic acid are known. It is possible to produce 4-(4-amino-3-halogenphenyl)-butyric acids, such as the 4-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)-butyric acid, from the likewise known 4-(p-acetamidophenyl)-butyric acid by halogenation, e.g. chlorination by means of hydrochloric acid and an alkali chlorate, and subsequent hydrolysis.
  • halogenation e.g. chlorination by means of hydrochloric acid and an alkali chlorate
  • the new, substituted alkanoic acids of the general Formula I and their salts are produced by heating a substituted malonic acid of the general Formula IV wherein R and Z have the meanings given under Formula I, or a monobasic salt thereof, until the equimolecular amount of carbon dioxide has been liberated and, optionally, converting an obtained free monocarboxylic acid of the general Formula I into a salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • Decarboxylation according to the process is performed by heating a substituted malonic acid of the general Formula IV or, e.g. an acid alkali salt as such, optionally under vacuum, to temperatures between ca. and 220 until the evolution of carbon dioxide has ceased.
  • the decarboxylation can, however, also be carried out by heating in a higher-boiling organic solvent such as, e.g. o-dichlorobenzene, tetralin or diethylene glycol dimethylether, and/or accelerated by addition of catalysts such as, e.g. copper powder, or of organic bases such as, e.g. quinoline.
  • a higher-boiling organic solvent such as, e.g. o-dichlorobenzene, tetralin or diethylene glycol dimethylether
  • catalysts such as, e.g. copper powder, or of organic bases such as, e.g. quinoline.
  • the substituted malonic acids of the general Formula IV which are required as direct starting materials are obtained by hydrolysis of correspondingly substituted malonic acid dialkyl esters or cyanoacetic acid dialkyl esters e.g. by boiling of the latter in alkanolic or alkanolicaqueous alkali hydroxide solutions such as, e.g. methanolic potassium hydroxide solution, and subsequent liberating of the dicarboxylic acid.
  • the correspondingly substituted malonic acid dialkyl esters and cyanoacetic acid alkyl esters are produced, for their part, by condensation of reactive esters of p-(lpyrryl)-phenethyl alcohol or -2 hydroxyacetophenone, optionally substituted according to the definitions for R e.g.
  • the reactive esters of p-(1-pyrryl)phenethyl alcohol are produced from the corresponding alcohols in the usual manner, e.g. by treatment with thionyl chloride, phosphorus tribromide or p-toluene sulphochloride in pyridine.
  • the unsubstituted p-(l-pyrryl)- phenethyl alcohol, and those substituted according to the definition for R are obtained from the corresponding pamino-phenethyl alcohols by reaction with functional derivatives of the succinic aldehyde analogously to the first mentioned process for producing compounds of the general Formula I.
  • reaction product is obtained, in addition to the desired p-(l-pyrryl)-phenethyl alcohol, the corresponding lower alkanoic acid ester thereof, so that the crude product must be firstly subjected to hydrolysis, e.g. by boiling in an alkanolic alkali solution.
  • hydrolysis e.g. by boiling in an alkanolic alkali solution.
  • the subsequent operation referred to can be avoided by using other reaction media, e.g. acetonitrile with a small addition of p-toluene sulphonic acid.
  • the p-aminophenethyl alcohol and the 2-chloro- 4'-amino-acetophenone are known.
  • the compounds with a halogen atom in the 3 position are obtained e.g. by acetylation in the amino group of the (p-aminophenyl)-acetic acid, the obtained N-acetyl derivatives halogenated, e.g. chlorinated by treatment with hydrochloric acid and sodium chlorate, and the corresponding lower 2 (4 amino-3-halogen phenyl)-alkanoic acids obtained are reduced to the corresponding alcohols by means of lithium aluminium chloride.
  • R is a lower alkyl group
  • R having the meaning given under Formula I, to react with an alkali hydroxide in an organic or organicaqueous medium, and, optionally, liberating the carboxylic acid from the obtained alkali salt of a carboxylic acid of the general Formula I and, optionally, converting this, or the firstly obtained alkali, into a salt or into another salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • a compound of the general Formula V is boiled in ethanolic sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution.
  • substituted acetoacetic acid alkyl esters of the general Formula V are produced analogously to the corresponding, above stated, substituted malonic acid dialkyl esters.
  • the new, substituted phenyl alkanoic acids of the general Formula I and their salts are produced by hydrolysing a compound of the General Formula VI wherein:
  • A is the cyano group, a carboxylic acid ester group or imido ester group
  • R and Z have the meanings given under Formula I, in an alkaline or acidic medium and, option-ally, liberating the carboxylic acid from an obtained salt, and/or converting an obtained free carboxylic acid into a salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • a compound of the general Formula VI is boiled in an alkanolic or alkanolic-aqueous alkali hydroxide solution.
  • the nitriles which are useable as starting materials of the general Formula VI are obtained, for example, by partial hydrolysis of the lower [p-(l-pyrryl)-phenethyl]- cyanoacetic acid alkyl esters, optionally substituted according to the definitions for R and which are mentioned under the second process for the production of the compounds of the general Formula I.
  • the imidoalkyl esters or their hydrochlorides, which are likewise suitable as starting materials of the general Formula VI are obtained by the successive reaction of hydrogen chloride and a lower alkanol on the corresponding, aforementioned nitriles in an anhydrous medium, e.g. in absolute ether.
  • partial hydrolysis of the imidoalkyl esters e.g. heating of the imdoalkyl esters or their hydrochlorides with water, are obtained the lower alkyl esters, embraced by the general Formula VI, of substituted phenyl alkanoic acids of the general Formula I.
  • lower alkyl esters can also be obtained from the substituted acetoacetic acid alkyl ester given in the above Formula V when they are heated in anhydrous solutions of alkali alcoholate e.g. some hours in an ethanolic solution of sodium ethanolate by refluxing.
  • the compounds of the general Formula I, wherein Z means the -CH group and their salts are obtained by reducing a compound of the general Formula Ia wherein R has the meaning given under Formula I, and, optionally, converting the obtained carboxylic acid, em braced by the general Formula I, into a salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • the compounds of the general Formula Ia are reduced, for example, according to the Wolff-Kishner method, with hydrazine or semicarbazide in the presence of an alkali hydroxide or alkali metal alcoholate at elevated temperature and, optionally, the firstly obtained alkali salt of the 4-[4-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]- butyric acid, optionally halogen-substituted and embraced by the general Formula I, is converted into the free acid or into another salt with an inorganic or organic base.
  • the reduction is performed by bringing the stated reaction components together, preferably in a higher-boiling organic solvent, and heating the mixture to temperatures between ca. and 200.
  • Suitable as a reaction medium are, e.g.
  • ethylene glycol such as diethylene glycol, its monomethyl ether and triethylene glycol, also higher-boiling alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, octyl alcohol and nitrilotriethanol or, optionally, also a lower alkanol, providing that the reduction is carried out in a closed vessel.
  • higher-boiling alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, octyl alcohol and nitrilotriethanol or, optionally, also a lower alkanol, providing that the reduction is carried out in a closed vessel.
  • a further suitable reduction method is the process according to Clemmensen.
  • a compound of the general Formula Ia is refluxed for several hours with a largish excess of amalgamated zinc having an enlarged surface area, e.g. zinc wool, in excess hydrochloric acid, initially ca. 4 N to 8 N, preferably in the presence of a solvent not miscible with water such as, e.g. toluene, and/or a water-miscible solvent such as, e.g. acetic acid, whereby from time to time some concentrated hydrochloric acid is added.
  • a solvent not miscible with water such as, e.g. toluene
  • a water-miscible solvent such as, e.g. acetic acid
  • the compounds of the general Formula Ia are, for their part, already embraced by the general Formula I and they are obtainable using the aforestated processes for the production of these compounds.
  • they can be obtained starting with acetanilide or o-halogen acetanilides by reaction with succinic anhydride according to the Friedel-Crafts reaction, to give the 3-(p-acetamidobenzoyl)-propionic acid or 3 (4 acetamido 3 halogen benzoyl) propionic acids, by hydrolytic splitting 01f of the N-acetyl group and by condensation of the obtained 3-(p-aminobenzoy1)- propionic acid or 3 (4 amino 3 halogen benzoyl)- propionic acids with functional derivatives of the succinaldehyde, e.g.
  • Optionally produceable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of substituted alkanoic acids of Formula I are e.g. the sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium and ammonium salts, as well as salts with ethylamine, triethylamine, 2 aminoethanol, 2,2 iminodiethanol, 2- dimethylaminoethanol, 2 diethylaminoethanol, ethylene diamine, benzylamine, procaine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, l-ethyl piperidine or 2-piperidinoethanol, or with basic ion exchangers.
  • the salts are produced via conventional methods.
  • compositions according to the present invention contain, as active ingredient, at least one compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with an inert carrier and, if desired, other additives.
  • inventive compositions consist, preferably, of dosage unit forms which are suitable for the oral, rectal or parenteral application of daily doses of 1-80 mg./kg. of a compound of Formula I for mammals.
  • Suitable dosage unit forms for the oral or rectal application such as drages, tablets, capsules, suppositories or ampoules respectively, contain preferably 10 to 500 mg. of a compound of Formula I or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the content of active substance is preferably between 10% and 90%.
  • Such dosage units are produced by combining the active substance with, e.g. solid pulverulent carriers such as lactose, saccharose, sorbitol, mannitol; starches such as potato starch, maize starch or amylopectin, also laminiaria powder or citrus pulp powder; cellulose derivatives or gelatine, optionally with the addition of lubricants, such as magnesium or calcium stearate or polyethylene glycols, to form tablets or drage cores. These are coated, for example, with concentrated sugar solutions which can also contain, e.g.
  • Suitable dosageunits for oral administration are hard capsules made of gelatine, as well as soft closed capsules made of gelatine and a softener such as glycerin.
  • the hard capsules preferably contain the active substance as a granulate in admixture with lubricants such as talcum or magnesium stearate and, optionally, stabilisers such as sodium metabisulphite (Na S O or ascorbic acid.
  • the active substance is preferably dissolved or suspended in suitable liquids such as liquid polyethylene glycols, whereby stabilisers can also be added.
  • Suitable dosage units for rectal administration are, e.g. suppositories which consist of a combination of an active substance with a suppository foundation substance based on natural or synthetic triglycerides (e.g. cocoa butter), polyethylene glycols or suitable higher fatty alcohols, and gelatine rectal capsules containing a combination of the active substance with polyethylene glycols.
  • suppositories which consist of a combination of an active substance with a suppository foundation substance based on natural or synthetic triglycerides (e.g. cocoa butter), polyethylene glycols or suitable higher fatty alcohols, and gelatine rectal capsules containing a combination of the active substance with polyethylene glycols.
  • Ampoule solutions for parenteral, particularly intramuscular or intravenous administration contain, e.g. an aqueous solution of 0.55% of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water-soluble salt of an acid of the general Formula I.
  • compositions not made up in single dosage unit forms such as ointment, tinctures and other mixtures for local or parenteral application, which can be prepared with known foundations for ointments or pharmaceutically acceptable solvents.
  • the present invention relates also to methods of alleviating pain and treating inflammatory diseases in mammals which methods comprise administering an effective amount of at least one compound of the invention, preferably in form of an inventive pharmaceutical composition.
  • the dosage administered will be dependent on the species, the age, health and weight of the recipient; the severity of the condition being treated; the kind of concurrent treatment, if any; the frequency of treatment and the nature of the effect desired.
  • the daily dosage of an active compound of Formula I will be from about 1 to about 80 mg./kg. of bodyweight. A preferred range is from about 1 to about 60 mg./kg. of bodyweight per day.
  • EXAMPLE l A mixture is prepared of 19.9 g. of 4-(p-aminophenyl)- butyric acid [L. R. Mofiet and H. W. Vaughan, J. Org. Chem. 25, 1238 (1960)], 14.6 g. of 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and 31 ml. of glacial acetic acid, whereupon the mixture is refluxed for minutes.
  • the hot reaction mixture is poured into 150 ml. of water, the obtained suspension is cooled to the precipitate is filtered off,
  • EXAMPLE 2 A mixture of 16.5 g. of crude 4-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)butyric acid (see below) and 10.2 g. of 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and 22 ml. of glacial acetic acid is refluxed for 40 minutes. The reaction mixture is then cooled to room temperature and dissolved in 300 ml. of ether. The ethereal solution is decanted to remove negligibly adhesive by-products and is then washed, firstly with 55 ml. of 3 N hydrochloric acid, and twice with 1 N hydrochloric acid using each time 25 ml. The ethereal solution is then extracted with 220 ml. of 1 N sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the ether phase is discarded and the aqueous phase is washed twice with 200 ml. of ether.
  • the aqueous phase is then acidified with 80 ml. of 3 N hydrochloric acid and subsequently extracted, firstly with 200 ml. and then with ml. of ether.
  • the 4-(4-amino-3-chlorophenyl)-butyric acid, required as starting material, is produced as follows:
  • the reaction solution is concentrated by evaporation to dryness on the water bath (100) under 10 torr.
  • the residue is dissolved, as far as possible, in water, is filtered oil from undissolved matter and the filtrate washed twice with, each time, 20 ml. of water.
  • the filtrate and washing water are combined and the pH value adjusted to 4 by the addition of 3 N sodium hydroxide solution.
  • the obtained dispersion is extracted with ether, the ether solution is dried and concentrated by evaporation, whereby 30.5 g. of oily crude product are obtained.
  • the latter is dissolved in 100 ml. of 3 N sodium hydroxide solution and the solution washed twice with, together, 100 ml. of ether. After acidifying with 65 ml.
  • EXAMPLE 3 11 g. of crude, oily [3-chloro-4-(l-pyrryl)-phenethyl]- malonic acid diethyl ester are refluxed for 6 hours with a solutionof 12 g. of potassium hydroxide in 100 ml. of ethanol and 70 ml. of water. The solvent is then distilled off under reduced pressure. The concentrated residue is distributed between 100 ml. of ether and 200 ml. of water. The aqueous phase is separated, filtered and adjusted to pH l-2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The precipitated acid is extracted twice using, each time, 100 ml. of ether. The ether extract is dried and concentrated by evaporation.
  • the substituted malonic ester, required as starting material, is produced by way of the following stages:
  • the residue from evaporation is mixed hot with 250 ml. ethanol to remove the last water by azeotropic distillation and to this mixture are added 750 ml. benzene and then it is evaporated in vacuo again.
  • the dry crystalline residue is refluxed with a solution of 60 ml. conc. sulfonic acid in 1.5 l. abs. ethanol for 20 hours.
  • ethanol is then distilled off in a bath of 30 and 15-20 torr.
  • the residue which is obtained after evaporation is brought to pH 9-10 with a mixture of same amounts of ice and concentrated sodium hydroxide and extracted with 1.5 l. methylenechloride.
  • the methylenechloride solution is washed with 100 ml. ice Water dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated.
  • the residue of the evaporation is subjected to fractional distillation using a 10 cm. long Vigreux column and the (4 amino-3-chloro-phenyl)- acetic acid ethyl ester (83 g.) which boils at 110-115 0.001 torr is separated.
  • a sample recrystallised from ligroin melts at 36-37 (0)
  • a mixture of 62.0 g. [3-chloro-4-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-acetic acid ester, 200 ml. toluene and 260 ml. diethylcarbonate is warmed to 70.
  • a solution of 5.6 g. sodium in 200 ml. abs. ethanol is dropped rapidly thereinto while stirring. The ethanol is thereafter distilled off from the reaction mixture.
  • the p-toluene sulphonic acid-[3-chloro-4-( l-pyrryl)- phenethyl ester] is produced according to E. Jenny and S. Winstein, Helv. Chim. Acta 41, 820 (1958) from 1.8 g. of 3-chloro-4-(1-pyrryl)-phenethyl alcohol (cp. Example 4) and 2.0 g. of p-toluene sulphonic acid chloride in 10 ml. of pyridine.
  • the concentrated residue is distributed between 300 ml. of ether and ml. of water.
  • the ether layer is separated, dried and concentrated by evaporation. This yields the crude [3-chloro- 4-(1-pyrryl)-phenethyl]-malonic acid diethyl ester as a brown oil, which is further processed in the crude form.
  • EXAMPLE 4 3.4 g. of 4-[p-(l-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyronitrile, 3.3 g. of sodium hydroxide, 30 ml. of ethanol and 10 ml. of water are refluxed together for 18 hours. The solvent is then distilled off under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator. The residue is taken up in 30 ml. of water and extracted with 70 ml. of ether. The aqueous phase is separated and acidified with 7 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid whilst cooling with ice. The precipitated colourless crystals are filtered with suction and washed with 5 ml. of ice water.
  • the butyronitrile, required as starting material, is obtained by way of the following stages:
  • the methylene chloride is distilled off, whereby 13.7 g. of a partially crystalline substance remain. This is applied to a column of 280 g. of silica gel and is extracted with benzene (50 ml. fractions).
  • the fractions 2-14 contain 6.9 g. of 1-chloro-3-[p-(l-pyrryl)-phenyl]-propane, M.P. 67-69". This is used for the following test.
  • the fractions 19-32 contain 3.2 g. of p-toluene sulphonic acid-3-[p-(1- pyrryl)-phenyl]-propyl ester, M.P. 78-79 (from ethanol).
  • EXAMPLE 5 18.9 g. of 3-(p-aminobenzoyl)-propionic acid [cp. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 67, 2264 (1945)], 12.9 g. of dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and 41 ml. of glacial acetic acid are mixed together and refluxed for 15 minutes. The hot reaction mixture is cooled and allowed to stand for about 15 hours. The precipitated, slightly yellowish-brown crystals are filtered off, washed twice with acetic acid using 15 ml. each time, then with 15 ml. of methanol and 30 ml. of ether, and dried at 70.
  • EXAMPLE 6 (a) 3.6 g. of 4-[p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid ethyl ester and 20 ml. of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution are refluxed for /2 hour and stirred. After cooling, the homogeneous reaction solution is extracted with 20 ml. of ether. The aqueous phase is made acidic with 4-5 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The 4-[p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]- butyric acid hereby precipitates. It is filtered 01f, washed with water and recrystallised from isopropanol, M.P. 113- 1 14.
  • the 4 [3 chloro-4-(l-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid, M.P. 58-60" (from isopropanol), is produced, analogously to Example 6a, by hydrolysis of 1.0 g. of 4-[3-chloro-4- (1-pyrryl)-phenyl] -butyric acid ethyl ester with 5 ml. of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution.
  • EXAMPLE 7 2.95 g. of 4- [p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid are dissolved in 13 ml. of l N sodium hydroxide solution. The solution is filtered and concentrated by evaporation in the water-jet vacuum. The residue is recrystallised from methanol. The sodium salt of the 4-[p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid, M.P. 263-267 is thus obtained.
  • EXAMPLE 8 1.5 g. of [p-l-pyrryl)-phenethyl]-malonic acid diethyl ester, 20 ml. of 30% potassium hydroxide solution and 15 ml. of ethanol are refluxed for 6 hours. The solution is concentrated in the water-jet vacuum, the residue dissolved in 20 ml. of water and extracted with 10 ml. of ether. The aqueous phase is separated and adjusted to pH 1-2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Theprecipitated crystals are filtered with suction, washed twice with water using 5 ml. each time and are then dried in a desiccator over concentrated sulphuric acid.
  • the crude [p-( 1- pyrryl)-phenethyl]-malonic acid melts at -l74 with an intense evolution of gas.
  • the thus obtained crude acid is gradually heated with 50mg. of copper powder to 180, until no further evolution of gas is observed (ca. 10 minutes).
  • the acid is extracted with 50 ml. of ether from the reaction residue.
  • the ether is evaporated and the residue distilled in a bulb tube at ISO-200 bath temperature/ 0.005 torr, to obtain pure 4- [p-(1-pyrryl)-pheny1]-butyric acid, M.P. 113-114".
  • the substituted malonic ester, required as starting material, is produced in the following manner:
  • EXAMPLE 9 4.3 g. of 4-(4-arnino-3-chlorophenyl)butyric acid (cp. Example 2(a) and 3.8 g. of 2,5-diacetoxy-tetrahydrofuran are refluxed in 10 ml. of glacial acetic acid for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is then concentrated by evaporation under 10 torr and the residue is distilled in the bulb tube.
  • the 4-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-buty1ic acid distils at 180 bath temperature under 0.01 torr. After recrystallisation from isopropanol, the acid melts at 58-60".
  • EXAMPLE 10 1.9 g. of 2,5-diacetoxytetrahydrofuran are stirred together with 10 ml. of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid until a homogeneous solution is obtained (ca. 15 minutes). This solution of succinic aldehyde is added to a solution of 1.8 g. of 4-(p-aminopheny1)-butyric acid and 0.9 g. of sodium hydroxide in 12 ml. of Water and allowed to stand for 2 hours at 20. The reaction mixture is then refluxed for 1 hour, cooled, 'filtered and acidified with 8 ml. of 3 N hydrochloric acid. The precipitate is extracted twice with ether using 50 ml. each time.
  • EXAMPLE 11 The crude 4-[p-( 1-pyrryl)-pheny1]butyric acid imidoethyl ester hydrochloride, produced as in Example 6b, is refluxed in a mixture of 50 ml. of 2 N sodium hydroxide solution and 200 ml. of ethanol for 2 hours. After evaporating oil the ethanol under reduced pressure, the volume of the solution is made up with water to 40 m1. and its pH value adjusted to 1-2 with 6 N hydrochloric acid. The precipitated acid is filtered off and recrystallised from methanol/water. The pure 4-[p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid melts at 113-114".
  • EXAMPLE 12 A mixture of 2.43 g. of 3[p-(l-pyrryl)-benzoyl]propionic acid (cp. Example 2.3 g. of potassium hydroxide, 1.8 ml. of 80% hydrazine hydrate and 12 ml.
  • EXAMPLE 13 A quantity of 12.0 g. of zinc wool is shaken for 5 minutes with a solution of 0.9 g. of mercury(II)-chloride in 0.6 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 15 ml. of water. The solution is decanted and to the amalgamated zinc are added, 7.5 ml. of water, 17.5 ml. of concentrated hydrochloric acid, 10 ml. of toluene and 3.0 g. of 3-[p-(1- pyrryl)-benzoyl]-propionic acid (cp. Example 4). The reaction mixture is refluxed whilst vigorously boiling in a bath at 150. After 3.hours and after 6 hours are added, each time, 5 ml.
  • EXAMPLE 14 0.7 g. of crude 2-[p-(l-pyrryl)-phenethyl]-acetoacetic acid ethyl ester and 20 ml. of 50% potassium hydroxide solution are stirred for 6 hours at The reaction mixture is then diluted with 30 ml. of water and extracted with 50 ml. of ether. The aqueous phase is separated, filtered and adjusted with concentrated hydrochloric acid to pH 1-2. The precipitated acid is extracted with 50 ml. of ether, the ether extract is washed with 10 ml. of water, dried and concentrated by evaporation. The obtained crystalline residue is distilled in a bulb tube at 160-1 80/ 0.001 torr.
  • EXAMPLE 15 Analogously to Example 14, 1.6 g. of 2-[3-chloro-4- (l-pyrryl)-phenethyl]-acetoacetic acid ethyl ester are hydrolysed with 40 ml. of 50% potassium hydroxide solution for 5 hours at 100 to yield the 4-[3-chloro-4- (1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid, M.P. 58-60 (from methanol/ water).
  • the 2 [3 chloro 4 (1 pyrryl) phenethyl1- acetoacetic acid ethyl ester, required as staring material, is obtained, according to Example 14(a), as a brownish oil which boils in the bulb tube at 150/0.001 torr, by the use of 7.5 g. of p-toluene sulphonic acid-[3- chloro-4-(1-pyrryl)-phenethyl ester] (cp. Example 3d), 3.2 g. of acetoacetic acid ethyl ester, 1.3 g. of sodium hydride (50% dispersion in mineral oil) and 70 ml. of dimethyl formamide.
  • EXAMPLE 16 1000 g. of active substance, e.g. 4-[3-chloro-4-(lpyrryl]-butyric acid, are mixed with 550 g. of lactose and 292 g. of potato starch. The mixture is moistened with an alcoholic solution of 8 g. of gelatine and is then granulated through a sieve. After drying, 60 g. of potato starch, 60 g. of talcum and 10 g. of magnesium stearate and g. of highly dispersed silicon dioxide are mixed in and the mixture pressed into 10,000 tablets, each weighing 200 mg. and each containing 100 mg. of active substance. Optionally, the tablets can be provided with grooves for more accurate adjustment of the dosage.
  • active substance e.g. 4-[3-chloro-4-(lpyrryl]-butyric acid
  • EXAMPLE 17 200 g. of active substance, e.g. 4-[p-pyrryl)-phenyl]- butyric acid, are well mixed with 16 g. of maize starch and 6 g. of highly dispersed silicon dioxide. The mixture is moistened with a solution of 2 g. of stearic acid, 6 g. of ethyl cellulose and 6 g. of stearin in ca. 70 ml. of isopropyl alcohol and is granulated through a sieve III (Ph. Helv. V). The granulate is dried for ca. 14 hours and is then put through sieve III-IIIa. It is then mixed with 16 g. of maize starch, 16 g.
  • active substance e.g. 4-[p-pyrryl)-phenyl]- butyric acid
  • talcum and 2 g. of magnesium stearate are coated with a concentrated syrup of 2 g. of shellac, 7.5 g. of gum arabic, 0.15 g. of dyestuif, 2 g. of highly dispersed silicon dioxide, g. of talcum and 53.35 g. of sugar and dried.
  • the obtained drages each weigh 360 mg. and each contain 200 mg. of active substance.
  • EXAMPLE 18 50.0 g. of 4- [p-(l-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid are dissolved in a mixture of 218 ml. of 1 N sodium hydroxide solution and 500 ml. of boiled, pyrogen-free water. The solution is made up to 2000 ml. with pyrogen-free water, is then filtered and used to fill 1000- ampoules each containing 2 ml., and sterilised. A 2 ml. ampoule contains 50 mg. of 4-[p-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid as active substance in the form of the sodium salt.
  • EXAMPLE 19 50 g. of 4-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid and 1950 g. of finely ground suppository foundation substance (e.g. cocoa butter) are thoroughly mixed and then 16 melted. From the melt, maintained homogeneous by stirring, are obtained 1000 suppositories each containing 500 mg. of active substance and each weighing 2 g.
  • finely ground suppository foundation substance e.g. cocoa butter
  • EXAMPLE 20 60.0 g. of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, 30.0 g. of sorbitan monostearate, 150.0 g. of parafiin oil and 120.0 g. of stearyl alcohol are melted together. 50.0 g. of 4-[p-(l pyrryl)-phenyl]-butyric acid (finely pulverised) are added and 590 ml. of water, preheated to 40, are added to form an emulsion. The emulsion is stirred until it has cooled down to room temperature and is then filled intotubes.
  • R is hydrogen or chloro, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • R is hydrogen or chloro, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • a compound according to claim 1 which is 4-[p- (1-pyrryl)-phenyl] -butyric acid and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
  • a compound according to claim 1 which is S-[p- (l-pyrryD-benzoyl] propionic acid and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
US818393A 1968-04-29 1969-04-22 Substituted phenylalkanoic acids Expired - Lifetime US3651084A (en)

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CH637968A CH500189A (de) 1968-04-29 1968-04-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung von neuen, substituierten Phenylalkansäuren
CH1732968A CH507234A (de) 1968-04-29 1968-11-20 Verfahren zur Herstellung von neuen, substituierten Alkansäuren

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BE (1) BE732301A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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CH507234A (de) 1971-05-15
IL32089A (en) 1972-11-28
ES366547A1 (es) 1971-01-01
BG15548A3 (bg) 1976-04-10
CS161852B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-10
SE338994B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-09-27
BG15752A3 (bg) 1969-06-28
CS161853B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-10
DE1921651A1 (de) 1969-11-27
FI50971B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-05-31
BG15206A3 (bg) 1975-10-15
ES366545A1 (es) 1971-01-01
IL32089A0 (en) 1969-06-25
BG15547A3 (bg) 1976-05-25
ES366546A1 (es) 1971-01-01
JPS4827309B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-21
IE33116L (en) 1969-10-29
DK125132C (da) 1973-07-02
FR2007555A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-01-09
AT290520B (de) 1971-06-11
AT290519B (de) 1971-06-11
CH500189A (de) 1970-12-15
AT290518B (de) 1971-06-11
PL69906B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-31
ES366544A1 (es) 1971-01-01
IE33116B1 (en) 1974-03-20
GB1264367A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-02-23
NL6906209A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-31
JPS4813550B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-27
FI50971C (fi) 1976-09-10
CS161854B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-10
BE732301A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-29
AT290517B (de) 1971-06-11
AT286976B (de) 1971-01-11
BG15546A3 (bg) 1976-05-25

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