US3649173A - Stabilized ammonium nitrate - Google Patents
Stabilized ammonium nitrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3649173A US3649173A US5119A US3649173DA US3649173A US 3649173 A US3649173 A US 3649173A US 5119 A US5119 A US 5119A US 3649173D A US3649173D A US 3649173DA US 3649173 A US3649173 A US 3649173A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium nitrate
- silicofluoride
- compound
- sulfate
- molten
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940070337 ammonium silicofluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- IBZGBXXTIGCACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,7,9,11-tetrahydroxy-9-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7h-tetracene-5,12-dione Chemical compound C1C(O)(C(=O)CO)CC(O)C2=C1C(O)=C1C(=O)C(C=CC=C3OC)=C3C(=O)C1=C2O IBZGBXXTIGCACK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940099402 potassium metaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical class [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAVJNPDLSKEXSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe(CN)2 Chemical class N#C[Fe]C#N NAVJNPDLSKEXSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XQSFXFQDJCDXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxysilicon Chemical compound [Si]O XQSFXFQDJCDXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- YXJYBPXSEKMEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O YXJYBPXSEKMEEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TUUVEPHKJPCZSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sodium hydrogen carbonate hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[K+].OC([O-])=O TUUVEPHKJPCZSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/18—Nitrates of ammonium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
- C05C1/02—Granulation; Pelletisation; Stabilisation; Colouring
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Solid ammonium nitrate particles are stabilized against thermal shock and cracking at phase transition temperatures by the inclusion of small but effective amounts of silicofluoride compound, a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound in combination, within the solid ammonium nitrate particles.
- the invention relates to the production of solid discrete particles of ammonium nitrate, and the prevention of thermal shock and cracking due to internal stress in the particles generated at phase transitions which occur due to temperature change.
- phosphates such as potassium metaphosphate, mono-and diammonium phosphate, sulfates such as ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, magnesium salts, calcium salts, sodium silicate, clays, nitrates such as sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate, iron cyanides, copper oxides and boron compounds.
- an improved solid ammonium nitrate composition may be produced in the form of discrete particles which resist thermal shock and cracking due to deformation at phase transition temperatures such as 32C., by the inclusion of a synergistic combination of compounds into the solid ammonium nitrate, preferably by the addition of small but effective amounts of these compounds to molten ammonium nitrate prior to solidification of the ammonium nitrate as discrete particles by prilling or the like.
- the molten ammonium nitrate is preferably initially in the form of a substantially anhydrous melt, however in some cases the melt may contain water in an amount up to about 5 percent by weight.
- the additive compounds employed in combination in the present invention are a silicofluoride compound, a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound. Numerous compounds within each of these categories may be effectively employed to stabilize ammonium nin'ate.
- silicofluoride compounds are ammonium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, magnesium silicofluoride and zinc silicofluoride, or mixtures of these compounds.
- Usable phosphate compounds include monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, trisodium phosphate and mixed fertilizer compositions which include phosphatic fertilizer components.
- sulfate compounds which may be employed in the present invention are ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate.
- a preferred method of adding a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound to the molten ammonium nitrate is by the addition of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid to the molten ammonium nitrate, or to its precursor nitric acid, followed by in situ neutralization of the acids by addition of a suitable base or basic solution to the molten ammonium nitrate.
- Typical feasible basic materials for this purpose include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, and these bases may by added either in the anhydrous state or as aqueous solutions.
- the molten ammonium nitrate containing the additive compounds of the present invention in combination is preferably solidified in the form of discrete particles by a prilling procedure, in which the molten ammonium nitrate is sprayed into an airstream, so that the resulting ammonium nitrate droplets solidify in the airstream in the form of spherical solid prills.
- the resultant prills preferably contain up to about 0.5 percent by weight of each of the additive compounds, and in accordance with the present invention the resulting prills are highly resistant to thermal shock and cracking at the phase transition temperatures such as 32C.
- Alternative methods of solidifying the molten ammonium nitrate in the form of discrete particles after additives addition include granulation, crystallization, or by flowing the molten ammonium nitrate onto a chilled belt on which the molten material solidifies in the fonn of a thin sheet or film which is then broken up into small crystals or particles.
- the principal advantage of the present invention is that the resulting solid ammonium nitrate composition is stabilized against thermal shock and cracking at phase transition temperatures, so that the product may be safely stored for extended periods of time without the development of a dusting or caking problem.
- Another advantage is that the production of fines or powdered material during the preparation of the discrete solid particles by prilling or the like is substantially reduced, so that the recycle of fines is reduced in the ammonium nitrate production facility, which reduces the capital and operating costs such as by decreasing stream consumption for concentration of remelt solutions.
- a further advantage is that the additive compounds of the present invention are relatively inexpensive, and in most cases these additives are readily available at fertilizer complexes or production sites, especially when phosphatic fertilizers are concomitantly produced from phosphate rock, phosphatic shales or the like.
- Silicofluorides are generally produced and recovered as byproducts in the processing of phosphatic raw materials to produce phosphate products, as for example in the production of phosphoric acid as described in US. Pat. No. 2,905,535.
- An additional advantage is that the additive compounds of the present invention can be disseminated and dissolved into the molten ammonium nitrate, and the provision of special or ancillary mixing equipment or apparatus is minimized.
- Another object is to prevent thennal shock and cracking of solid ammonium nitrate particles at phase transition temperatures, by the addition of a synergistic combination of additive compounds to the ammonium nitrate.
- a further object is to produce improved ammonium nitrate prills which are resistant to thermal shock and cracking at phase transition temperatures, and which may be safely stored for extended periods of time without dusting or caking.
- An additional object is to reduce the amount of fines and powder which are formed when molten ammonium nitrate is converted to discrete solid particles by prilling or the like.
- An object is to provide an improved method of stabilizing solid ammonium nitrate particles against thermal shock and cracking at phase transition temperatures, by employing a combination of additive compounds in the ammonium nitrate including a silicofluoride compound, a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound.
- the prills were subjected to a number of temperature changes through a range which included a phase transition temperature, and the percentage of prills cracked from thermal shock at various numbers of transition was determined. Following are the results obtained in the laboratory scale and commercial plant facility tests.
- EXAMPLE I LABORATORY SCALE TESTS
- the ammonium nitrate prills produced in the laboratory were obtained by spraying a melt consisting of 99.5 percent ammonium nitrate plus additive from a gun containing 0.029 inch holes using about 10 p.s.i.g. nitrogen pressure. In order to obtain more failing height, the spray was arched from the top of a 27-feet-high platform toward the ceiling and allowed to fall to the floor.
- the prills produced in this manner contained considerable irregularly shaped prills and were weaker than prills produced in a commercial plant, but otherwise had characteristics similar to commercial prills.
- phase transition tests only 8 0 mesh prills were used.
- Two different series of test were made to determine the resistance of ammonium nitrate prills produced without and with various additives, to thermal shock and cracking due to repeated passage through transition temperatures.
- prills were heated in an oven at 42C. for 2 hours and then allowed to cool to room temperature at 23C. for 2 hours. The temperature changes thus provided for a transit of the phase transition temperature of 32C. Alter each cycle, the percentage of unbroken prills was recorded.
- the prills were cycled between 91 and 42C. at 2 hour internals, to provide for a transit of the phase transition temperature of 83C. Following is data relative to the inclusion of additives in the prills.
- COMMERCIAL PLANT TESTS Test were conducted at a commercial ammonium nitrate production facility to confirm the laboratory results of Example I. The facility was operated at a production rate of 300 tons/day of prilled ammonium nitrate. Initial prilled ammonium nitrate samples were taken without the addition of stabilizer, and further samples were taken after the stabilizer of the present invention was added to the molten ammonium nitrate prior to prilling the melt. Samples were taken at the prill cooler outlet, which discharged prills without stabilizer addition at a temperature of 50C. With the addition of stabilizer, prill cooler exit temperature was reduced to 38 or 29C. as indicated infra.
- the stabilizer was an aqueous solution made at the site and consisting (by weight) of 75.4 percent water and 8.2 percent each of sodium silicofluoride, ammonium sulfate and l8-460 fertilizer, the latter component consisting principally of diammonium phosphate.
- the fertilizer was dissolved in water, decanted and screened to remove sand and other insolubies.
- the stabilizer was constantly agitated and held at 66C. by steam coils.
- a method of stabilizing solid ammonium nitrate particles against thermal shock at phase transition temperatures which comprises adding a small but effective amount of a silicofluoride compound, a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound to molten ammonium nitrate, whereby said compounds are distributed in said molten ammonium nitrate, and solidifying said molten ammonium nitrate in the form of dis crete particles, said solid ammonium nitrate particles containing said compounds in sufficient proportion to render said particles resistant to cracking from thermal shock at phase transition temperatures.
- said silicofluoride compound is selected from the group consisting of ammonium silicofluoride, sodium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, magnesium silicofluoride and zinc silicofluoride.
- said phosphate compound is selected from the group consisting of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and trisodium phosphate.
- said sulfate compound is selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate and calcium sulfate.
- each of said compounds is added to said molten ammonium nitrate in a proportion up to about 0.5 percent by weight of said molten ammonium nitrate.
- a solid ammonium nitrate composition stabilized against thermal shock at phase transition temperatures which comprises ammonium nitrate containing small but effective amounts of a silicofluoride compound, a phosphate compound and a sulfate compound.
- Claim 1 line 3 after “adding”, delete “a” and read “the combination of”. Also read “amounts” instead of “amount”, Also read “at least about 0.12% by weight of” after "of”,
- Claim 9 line 4 (col, 6 line 52) read "at least about 0.12% by weight of” after “of” Signed and sealed this 29th day of August 1972.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US511970A | 1970-01-22 | 1970-01-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3649173A true US3649173A (en) | 1972-03-14 |
Family
ID=21714279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5119A Expired - Lifetime US3649173A (en) | 1970-01-22 | 1970-01-22 | Stabilized ammonium nitrate |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3649173A (ref) |
| BE (1) | BE761888A (ref) |
| CA (1) | CA950638A (ref) |
| FR (1) | FR2076915A5 (ref) |
| GB (1) | GB1309612A (ref) |
| NL (1) | NL7100837A (ref) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998004506A1 (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-05 | Mississippi Chemical Corporation | Improved ammonium nitrate particulate fertilizer and method for producing the same |
| WO2001049608A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2001-07-12 | Kemira Agro Oy | Process for stabilizing ammonium nitrate |
| US7175684B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2007-02-13 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Prilling method |
| US20240391841A1 (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-11-28 | Defuse Technologies, LLC | Desensitized fertilizer compositions and methods of making same |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2352304C2 (de) * | 1973-10-18 | 1982-06-03 | Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl | Verfahren zur Herstellung von stabilisiertem, gekörntem Ammoniumnitrat |
| NL8102958A (nl) * | 1981-06-19 | 1983-01-17 | Unie Van Kunstmestfab Bv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van thermisch stabiele ammoniumnitraatbevattende granules met hoog stortgewicht, alsmede granules verkregen met deze werkwijze. |
| NL8102959A (nl) * | 1981-06-19 | 1983-01-17 | Unie Van Kunstmestfab Bv | Werkwijze voor het bereiden van thermisch stabiele ammoniumnitraatbevattende granules, alsmede granules verkregen met deze werkwijze. |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3317276A (en) * | 1966-10-24 | 1967-05-02 | Mississippi Chem Corp | Stabilized ammonium nitrate compositions and their production |
| US3366468A (en) * | 1965-02-10 | 1968-01-30 | Samuel J. Porter | Method of desensitizing fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate and the product obtained |
-
1970
- 1970-01-22 US US5119A patent/US3649173A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-01-07 CA CA102,204,A patent/CA950638A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-01-11 GB GB131771A patent/GB1309612A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-01-21 NL NL7100837A patent/NL7100837A/xx unknown
- 1971-01-22 FR FR7102180A patent/FR2076915A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-01-22 BE BE761888A patent/BE761888A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3366468A (en) * | 1965-02-10 | 1968-01-30 | Samuel J. Porter | Method of desensitizing fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate and the product obtained |
| US3317276A (en) * | 1966-10-24 | 1967-05-02 | Mississippi Chem Corp | Stabilized ammonium nitrate compositions and their production |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998004506A1 (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-05 | Mississippi Chemical Corporation | Improved ammonium nitrate particulate fertilizer and method for producing the same |
| US5720794A (en) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-24 | Mississippi Chemical Corporation | Ammonium nitrate particulate fertilizer and method for producing the same |
| US7175684B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2007-02-13 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Prilling method |
| WO2001049608A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2001-07-12 | Kemira Agro Oy | Process for stabilizing ammonium nitrate |
| US20030099589A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2003-05-29 | Heikki Hero | Proces for stabilizing ammonium nitrate |
| US20050276740A1 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2005-12-15 | Heikki Hero | Process for stabilizing ammonium nitrate |
| US7014828B2 (en) | 2000-01-04 | 2006-03-21 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Process for stabilizing ammonium nitrate |
| US7147830B2 (en) | 2000-01-04 | 2006-12-12 | Kemira Growhow Oyj | Stabilized ammonium nitrate granules |
| US20240391841A1 (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-11-28 | Defuse Technologies, LLC | Desensitized fertilizer compositions and methods of making same |
| US20240391840A1 (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-11-28 | Defuse Technologies, LLC | Desensitized fertilizer compositions and methods of making same |
| US12338190B2 (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2025-06-24 | Defuse Technologies, LLC | Desensitized fertilizer compositions and methods of making same |
| US12338189B2 (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2025-06-24 | Defuse Technologies, LLC | Desensitized fertilizer compositions and methods of making same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE761888A (fr) | 1971-07-22 |
| GB1309612A (en) | 1973-03-14 |
| FR2076915A5 (ref) | 1971-10-15 |
| CA950638A (en) | 1974-07-09 |
| NL7100837A (ref) | 1971-07-26 |
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