US3645410A - Container-packing apparatus - Google Patents

Container-packing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3645410A
US3645410A US48269A US3645410DA US3645410A US 3645410 A US3645410 A US 3645410A US 48269 A US48269 A US 48269A US 3645410D A US3645410D A US 3645410DA US 3645410 A US3645410 A US 3645410A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
row
remainder
cans
pallet
path
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US48269A
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English (en)
Inventor
Johnnie L Powell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satake USA Inc
Mandrel Industries Inc
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Mandrel Industries Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3645410A publication Critical patent/US3645410A/en
Assigned to WADE, WILLIAM J. AS TRUSTEES, WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, A DE BANKING CORPORATION reassignment WADE, WILLIAM J. AS TRUSTEES SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ESM INTERNATIONAL INC., A DE CORP.
Assigned to ESM INTERNATIONAL INC., A DE CORP. reassignment ESM INTERNATIONAL INC., A DE CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GEOSOURCE INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
    • B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
    • B65G57/03—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack from above
    • B65G57/06—Gates for releasing articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
    • B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
    • B65G57/03—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack from above
    • B65G57/04—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack from above by suction or magnetic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G57/00—Stacking of articles
    • B65G57/02—Stacking of articles by adding to the top of the stack
    • B65G57/16—Stacking of articles of particular shape
    • B65G57/20—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical
    • B65G57/22—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical in layers each of predetermined arrangement
    • B65G57/24—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical in layers each of predetermined arrangement the layers being transferred as a whole, e.g. on pallets
    • B65G57/245—Stacking of articles of particular shape three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical in layers each of predetermined arrangement the layers being transferred as a whole, e.g. on pallets with a stepwise downward movement of the stack

Definitions

  • references Cited paratus accomplishes this packing by moving a set including the extra row of containers along a path above the pallet with UNITED STATES PATENTS the set preceded by a single row and followed by a remainder to permit the set to separate therefrom; and then removing the 2,815,874 12/1957 KOWZ] ..2l4/44 preceding row before the Set is Iowered onto h pallet
  • the 355,291 6/1970 Grey et a1 B containers of the preceding row are then recirculated to the g f: i
  • This invention relates to container-packing apparatus and particularly to palletizing machines.
  • Containers particularly cylindrical metal cans
  • Containers are usually packed on pallets for bulk handling, the various layers of cans being arranged either with the cans in rectangularly ordered rows with all of the cans in a row touching, or else in a socalled diamond pattern in which the cans in a file" in one direction are touching, but in rows" normal thereto are spaced apart, each of such latter rows being staggered with respect to the adjacent rows.
  • diamond pattern the greatest packing density is achieved with the diamond pattern.
  • the pallets are usually dimensioned so as to hold an even number of rows in each layer, and to fully support the cans of the bottom layer, with no cans overhanging beyond the pallet edges.
  • canneries desiring to make optimum use of the pallet space, prefer to add an extra row of cans and to permit all of the cans at opposite edges of the pal let to overhang the edges.
  • Such an arrangement with rectangularly ordered cans would leave the overhanging cans of the bottom layer only half supported at best and would not be a stable arrangement.
  • the cans in two opposite staggered edge rows of the bottom layer can be arranged to overhang, so that each can is substantially more than half supported by the pallet, and the arrangement is both stable and practical. The chief problem then arises in devising apparatus to pack and load the pallets automatically.
  • An apparatus in accordance with the invention accomplishes these and other objects by moving a set including the extra row of containers along a path above the pallet with the set preceded by a single row and followed by a remainder portion of containers; stopping the remainder to permit the set to separate therefrom; and then removing the preceding row before the set is lowered onto the pallet.
  • the containers of the preceding row are then recirculated to the upstream portion ofthe path to become part ofa subsequent set.
  • FIG. I is a plan view of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the apparatus of FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged broken away plan view of a portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged broken away elevation of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary elevation of FIG. 2 illustrating one stage in the operation thereof;
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation similar to FIG. 5 illustrating a further stage of operation
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation similar to FIG. 6, illustrating a still further stage of operation
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary plan, to a different scale, of a portion ofFIG. I, illustrating a stage in the operation thereof;
  • FIG. 9 is a plan similar to FIG. 8 illustrating a further stage
  • FIG. 10 is a plan similar to FIG. 9 illustrating a still further stage.
  • FIG. Ill is a plan similar to FIG. 10, illustrating a yet further stage.
  • the palletizer of this invention is similar to that of Ser. No. 745,274 previously noted, in that it comprises a main frame 20 which supports on its upper end two belt conveyors 22 and 23.
  • the first conveyor 22, reading from the input end 21, is termed a long draper and the second conveyor 23 is termed a short draper each of them having its top surface moving in the direction from the input end 21 toward a stripper plate 24.
  • the drapers are bounded by sidewalls 25 and 26.
  • the long draper 22 moves continuously during normal operation.
  • a single-file conveyor 27 brings cans 28 to the draper level and deposits them thereon in single file at the center of the long draper 22. When cans are so deposited and when a diamond type pattern as shown in FIG. 1 is initially set up, the cans automatically keep forming this diamond pattern.
  • the short draper 23 unlike the long draper 22, does not move continuously but is operated intermittently each time a set of cans is to be loaded on a pallet.
  • a hydraulically operated can clamp assembly 30 comprising a plurality of clamp feed 31 each adjustably and yieldingly mounted on a stud 32, which is carried on an arm 33.
  • the arms 33 are all secured to a shaft 34 having a crank 35 at one end, to which is secured a rod 36 extending from a piston of a hydraulic cylinder 37.
  • the stripper plate 24 is preferably mounted on guides and may be secured to hydraulic cylinders (not shown), so that the plate 24 is moved slightly further than its own length in the downstream direction, passing under an array of stop fingers 42 to strip the cans 28 from the plate 24- so that they drop gently onto a pallet 511 or onto a layer of cans previously stacked thereon.
  • the pallet SI is, at the time when the cans drop, supported by a hoist mechanism 50, and the pallet 51 has upper and lower decks 52 and 53, shown best in FIG. 5. The drop is exaggerated in the figure for clarity, but is usually only slightly greater than the thickness of the stripper plate 24 itself, so that the cans are gently transferred.
  • a paper feed tray 55 which may be supported by a hydraulic mechanism which includes two cylinders 56 for raising and lowering one end of the paper feed tray 55, the other end being pivotally supported. These mechanisms (or suitable pneumatic or mechanical devices) raise one end of the tray 55 in an arc, until that end approaches the bottom of the stripper plate 24. Then a piece of heavy paper is picked up and held by suction cups (not shown) mounted on the plate 24, and the tray 55 is lowered back to its original position. Later, the sheet of paper is released to drop onto a layer of cans on the pallet 51.
  • a pallet feed device 70 which enables a stack of pallets 51 to be placed in a pallet feed bin 71 for transfer of one empty pallet 51 at a time to the hoist mechanism 50, i.e., each time a loaded pallet there has been moved out to a dock station 82 by means of a pallet conveyor device 80.
  • the structure and operations thus far described are similar to those disclosed in the previously mentioned copending application Ser. No. 745,274, and reference to that application may be had to obtain a more detailed description of the palletizing operation.
  • the present invention is more directly concerned with the problem of supplying a set including an extra staggered row of cans to the stripper plate 24 and in correct position thereon for dropping onto the pallet 51 when the stripper plate is retracted to the left as shown in the figures.
  • the pallet 51 is dimensioned to be approximately 13.5 can diameters in length, so that it will fully support 26 staggered rows in diamond pattern packing.
  • the dimension is usually slightly in excess of 13.5 diameters, to be on the safe side, but is here shown to be precisely 13.5 diameters so as to illustrate a virtual worst case" for operation of the present invention.
  • the new length will be 14.0 can diameters. This is because, in the diamond pattern, one-half the diameter of each of the cans of the extra row is nestled into an opening between cans of an adjacent row, with the result that'the length of the set is augmented by an increment equal to one-half a can diameter for each staggered row that is added to the set.
  • a set that is 14.0 diameters long can be supported on a pallet that is 13.5 diameters long, with a total overhang of one-half a can diameter, or one-fourth a can diameter at each end, if the set is centered on the pallet, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • such a set could be supported on a pallet that is only slightly more than 13.0 diameters long if need be, for this would still leave an overhang of less than half a can diameter at each end, and each end can would still be more than half supported by the pallet, or by another layer of cans beneath.
  • the complete can set 101 including the extra staggered row is shown in elevation and in plan.
  • the set contains 27 staggered rows of spaced-apart cans, the rows being aligned transverse to the path of movement and being classed according to position as being of two types 102 and 103 alternatingly as better shown in FIG. 3.
  • the cans 102, 103 are also grouped according to position into two types of alternating files parallel to the path of movement. Each can touches the adjacent cans in its file, but is spaced from the adjacent cans in its staggered row.
  • the can clamps 31 always clamp cans of position type 102, that is to say, cans lying in files of type 102, and cans lying in rows of type 102,just as in the prior art.
  • cans of position type 102 that is to say, cans lying in files of type 102, and cans lying in rows of type 102,just as in the prior art.
  • the clamps must always be arranged to define the set that is to be palletized as by clamping a row of unchanging type, in this example, of type 102, at the leading or downstream end of the "remainder cans 104 (FIG. 1).
  • This condition being established the problem arises, that the leading row 106 of the set must be of type 103, and yet it cannot be, if the prior art procedure is followed, of forming each set with a leading row that was previously the leading remainder row that was clamped to define the previous set, which row is always of type 102.
  • the present invention solves this problem by passing a redundant row 107 (FIG. 8) preceding the set 101 along the path of movement, and then separating this preceding row 107 from the set 101 and returning it to the remainder 104 as illustrated in FIGS. 8-11 and 1.
  • the preceding row 107 is of type 102, that is, of the same type as the clamped row 102, and therefore of the type that is naturally produced by the clamping action for leading the set 101 onto the stripper plate 24 when the clamps are released and the short draper 23 is activated.
  • the set 101 moves downstream until the preceding row 107 is stopped against a bar stop 108 attached to the stripper plate 24 (FIGS. 5 and 8).
  • the clamps 30 are then activated and the remainder 104 is prevented from moving further downstream.
  • the stripper plate 24 is then set in motion downstream, and the preceding row 107 and the set 101 move bodily downstream for a short distance (FIG. 6) until the leading row 106 of the set encounters and is stopped by a group of downwardly extending stop fingers 42, which are positioned in the intervals between the cans of preceding row 107 so as to permit the latter to pass, as they are carried on downstream by the stripper plate 24.
  • the initial separation of the set from the clamped cans 109 permits the trailing row 111 of the set to clear the underlying supports 112 of the remainder 104 before being stripped from the plate 24 by action of fingers 42 to drop onto the pallet load.
  • a sweep arm 116 which is pivoted at one end 117 to a downstream corner of the plate 24, and has a gathering and sweeping crook extension 118 at the other end.
  • a cam follower pin 119 which engages a curved overhead track 121 to cause the arm to sweep at a correctly changing angle and at substantially constant velocity as the plate 24 moves downstream. Further details are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the track 121 includes a pair of parallel flanges 122 extending downwardly from an overhead mounting plate 123.
  • the dimension 125 is 22% inches, the radius of angle A is 43% inches, and the radii of angles B and C are 12 inches.
  • the arm 116 is cocked somewhat downstream in the forward position of plate 24, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a can guide rail 132 is mounted at the side of shelf 131.
  • a bracket 133 and pusher flange 134 extend from the plate 24 near the pivot end 117 of the sweep arm, and the flange pushes the cans 107 upstream along shelf 131 as plate 24 returns upstream after dropping the set 101 of cans onto the pallet load (FIGS. 10 and 11).
  • the cans 107 are pushed onto a downstream-to-upstream moving conveyor belt 136 (see also FIG. 4). As shown in FIG. 1, the belt 136 carries the cans 107 to the upstream end of long draper 22, where a curved extension 137 of guide rail 136 forces the cans 107 onto the draper 22 for return to remainder 104 to become part of a subsequently formed set.
  • Apparatus for packing a set of containers in staggered rows for pallet loading comprising:
  • said means for moving said preceding row and said set away from said remainder includes first stop means for stopping said set in said position above said pallet so that the leading and trailing containers of said set each over hang beyond said pallet by less than half.
  • said means for moving said preceding row and said set away from said remainder also includes a stripper plate reciprocating along said path between a first set supporting position engaging said underlying supports of said remainder, and a second set dropping position entirely downstream from said above-pallet position ofsaid set;
  • said stripper plate having a transverse stop element for said preceding row positioned in the first position of said plate to stop said containers with said leading row of said remainder aligned with said second stop means, prior to the actuation of said second stop means.
  • said containers are cylindrical cans, and said staggered rows are the discontinuous rows ofa diamond pattern oriented with said staggered rows transverse to said path, so that the continuous files of cans lying along said path in said set contain alternately odd and even numbers of cans and said preceding staggered row contains cans from the same files as the leading staggered row of said remainder; whereby said leading staggered row of said remainder is means includes:
  • a sweep arm having a crook at one end and pivoted at the other end to said stripper plate at the downstream end, thereof and adjacent said one side of said path to which said preceding row cans are to be swept;
  • a cam track mounted above said stripper plate and engaged by a cam follower projection on said crook end of said sweep arm for guiding said arm between a first position aligned substantially transversely across said stripper plate in the first position of said stripper plate, and a second position aligned along said one side of said path in the second position of said stripper plate.
  • a shelf is provided for receiving said swept cans at said one side of said path and slightly lower than the top of said plate, said shelf being provided with an outboard guide rail for said cans;
  • a pusher flange is provided at the downstream end of said stripper plate for pushing said swept cans in a downstream to upstream direction along said shelf when said stripper plate returns from second to first position.
  • a conveyor belt is provided alongside said path, together with an extension of said guide rail, for receiving said swept cans and conveying same in a downstream to upstream direction past said set and to a point substantially upstream from the accumulated cans of said remainder for return of said swept cans to the upstream end of said remainder.
  • said container moving means includes a long draper continuously moving along said path in an upstream to downstream direction, means for presenting containers to said long draper at the upstream end thereof, and a normally stopped short draper downstream from said long draper for receiving said containers therefrom;
  • said means for moving said preceding row and said set away from said remainder of said containers includes a stripper plate on said path downstream from said short draper and movable between a first position above said pallet and engaging said short draper and a second position spaced downstream therefrom for a dimension greater than the length of said set along said path, and second stop means for said remainder at the downstream end of said short draper;
  • said means for moving said preceding row away from said set includes a first stop means for said set whereby said set is stopped above said pallet in spaced relation to said remainder and is stripped from said stripper plate while said preceding row remains on said stripper plate and moves downstream therewith.
  • said container moving means includes:
  • said last-named means including said conveyor belt and guide rail extension;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
US48269A 1970-06-22 1970-06-22 Container-packing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3645410A (en)

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US4826970A 1970-06-22 1970-06-22

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US3645410A true US3645410A (en) 1972-02-29

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US (1) US3645410A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA928677A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2130892A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1305322A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132305A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-01-02 Acme Conveyor Company Method and apparatus for removing articles from between load patterns in a bulk palletizer
US4834605A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-05-30 Busse Bros. Inc. Apparatus for palletizing layers of circular containers arranged in a honeycomb pattern
US4934508A (en) * 1987-07-13 1990-06-19 Goldco Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for promotion of preselected article orientation in an assemblage of articles
US5080551A (en) * 1987-07-17 1992-01-14 Busse Bros. Inc. Apparatus for palletizing layers of circular containers arranged in a honeycomb pattern
US5522692A (en) * 1993-12-20 1996-06-04 Goldco Industries, Inc. Device and method for palletizing unstable articles
US6402455B1 (en) * 1996-05-03 2002-06-11 Arrowhead Systems Llc Separator sheet handler for a palletizer
US20070051074A1 (en) * 2003-04-11 2007-03-08 Jean-Pierre Voigtmann Method for packing containers automatically
US20090057354A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Marco Leslie S Flexible carrier
US20100326015A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Hartness International, Inc. Flight bar assembly, apparatus and methods for nestable collation of objects

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4154347A (en) * 1977-12-05 1979-05-15 Goldco Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for palletizing articles

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2815874A (en) * 1955-03-04 1957-12-10 Kowal Michael Method and apparatus for handling containers
US3389810A (en) * 1964-10-23 1968-06-25 Hunt Foods And Ind Inc Palletizing and depalletizing equipment
US3490613A (en) * 1967-06-09 1970-01-20 Eberhardt Geb Device for automatically loading bales of straw,hay or the like onto a transport wagon
US3510013A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-05-05 Sperry Rand Corp Automatic bale loading and unloading wagon
US3515291A (en) * 1968-05-16 1970-06-02 Sperry Rand Corp Bale wagon having single bale unloading means
US3522890A (en) * 1968-07-16 1970-08-04 Hume Co G W Can palletizer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2815874A (en) * 1955-03-04 1957-12-10 Kowal Michael Method and apparatus for handling containers
US3389810A (en) * 1964-10-23 1968-06-25 Hunt Foods And Ind Inc Palletizing and depalletizing equipment
US3490613A (en) * 1967-06-09 1970-01-20 Eberhardt Geb Device for automatically loading bales of straw,hay or the like onto a transport wagon
US3515291A (en) * 1968-05-16 1970-06-02 Sperry Rand Corp Bale wagon having single bale unloading means
US3510013A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-05-05 Sperry Rand Corp Automatic bale loading and unloading wagon
US3522890A (en) * 1968-07-16 1970-08-04 Hume Co G W Can palletizer

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132305A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-01-02 Acme Conveyor Company Method and apparatus for removing articles from between load patterns in a bulk palletizer
US4934508A (en) * 1987-07-13 1990-06-19 Goldco Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for promotion of preselected article orientation in an assemblage of articles
US4834605A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-05-30 Busse Bros. Inc. Apparatus for palletizing layers of circular containers arranged in a honeycomb pattern
US5080551A (en) * 1987-07-17 1992-01-14 Busse Bros. Inc. Apparatus for palletizing layers of circular containers arranged in a honeycomb pattern
US5522692A (en) * 1993-12-20 1996-06-04 Goldco Industries, Inc. Device and method for palletizing unstable articles
US6402455B1 (en) * 1996-05-03 2002-06-11 Arrowhead Systems Llc Separator sheet handler for a palletizer
US20070051074A1 (en) * 2003-04-11 2007-03-08 Jean-Pierre Voigtmann Method for packing containers automatically
US20090057354A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Marco Leslie S Flexible carrier
US7975841B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2011-07-12 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Flexible carrier
US20100326015A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Hartness International, Inc. Flight bar assembly, apparatus and methods for nestable collation of objects
US8235201B2 (en) 2009-06-24 2012-08-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Flight bar assembly, apparatus and methods for nestable collation of objects

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Publication number Publication date
CA928677A (en) 1973-06-19
GB1305322A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-31
DE2130892A1 (de) 1971-12-30

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AS Assignment

Owner name: WILMINGTON TRUST COMPANY, A DE BANKING CORPORATION

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ESM INTERNATIONAL INC., A DE CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004266/0969

Effective date: 19840531

Owner name: WADE, WILLIAM J. AS TRUSTEES

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Effective date: 19840531

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Effective date: 19840601