US3645253A - Instrument for the withdrawal of body fluids - Google Patents
Instrument for the withdrawal of body fluids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3645253A US3645253A US873903A US3645253DA US3645253A US 3645253 A US3645253 A US 3645253A US 873903 A US873903 A US 873903A US 3645253D A US3645253D A US 3645253DA US 3645253 A US3645253 A US 3645253A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- tube
- instrument
- needle
- withdrawal
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940064004 antiseptic throat preparations Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical class [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical class OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000669 heparin Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical class O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical class [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XDRLAGOBLZATBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XDRLAGOBLZATBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical class C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100027378 Prothrombin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010094028 Prothrombin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAJNOJBFEAMNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M azanium;potassium;oxalate Chemical class [NH4+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O MAJNOJBFEAMNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004910 pleural fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940039716 prothrombin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYZXEMANQYHCFX-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O FYZXEMANQYHCFX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
- A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
- A61B5/15058—Joining techniques used for protective means
- A61B5/150595—Joining techniques used for protective means by snap-lock (i.e. based on axial displacement)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150015—Source of blood
- A61B5/15003—Source of blood for venous or arterial blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
- A61B5/150236—Pistons, i.e. cylindrical bodies that sit inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slide in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
- A61B5/150244—Rods for actuating or driving the piston, i.e. the cylindrical body that sits inside the syringe barrel, typically with an air tight seal, and slides in the barrel to create a vacuum or to expel blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
- A61B5/150251—Collection chamber divided into at least two compartments, e.g. for division of samples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150351—Caps, stoppers or lids for sealing or closing a blood collection vessel or container, e.g. a test-tube or syringe barrel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
- A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
- A61B5/150389—Hollow piercing elements, e.g. canulas, needles, for piercing the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
- A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
- A61B5/150473—Double-ended needles, e.g. used with pre-evacuated sampling tubes
- A61B5/150496—Details of construction of hub, i.e. element used to attach the double-ended needle to a piercing device or sampling device
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
- A61B5/150534—Design of protective means for piercing elements for preventing accidental needle sticks, e.g. shields, caps, protectors, axially extensible sleeves, pivotable protective sleeves
- A61B5/150694—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing
- A61B5/150717—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing manually removed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/150007—Details
- A61B5/150755—Blood sample preparation for further analysis, e.g. by separating blood components or by mixing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
- A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
- B01L3/5082—Test tubes per se
- B01L3/50825—Closing or opening means, corks, bungs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
An improved syringe for the withdrawal of body fluids, especially adapted for transport and storage as well as for the centrifugation of the fluid samples, preferably blood samples, comprises a tube having a hermetically end, the closure of which, being a stopper or cap, is entirely or partly made of resilient material, through which a needle, preferably of stainless steel, extends, which ends in or is tightly pressured against a piston mounted in the tube. Said piston is preferably provided with a concave at the side where the needle ends. Thus a hermetically sealed compartment is obtained through which the needle extends. Said Compartment is suitable for aseptic storage of auxiliaries such as anticoagulants and/or antiseptics.
Description
[ Feb. 29, 1972 United States Patent Goverde et al.
...l28/2l6 X Lockhart...............................l28/216 Sarnoff...............................
i ebfl 5 eha KCL 48574 66645 99999 lllll 1 0111 11 43363 00 08 ,J 660 3 26039 33322 Primary Examiner-Hugh R. Chamblee Att0meyHugo E. Weisberger [22] Filed: Nov. 4, 1969 ABSTRACT [21] Appl. No.:
the withdrawal of body fluids, espe- An improved syringe for cially adapted for transport and storage as well as for the cen- [30] Forelgn Application Priomy Dam trifugation of the fluid samples, preferably blood samples,
ff 00 6.: r mm mm y m a P u r. 0 y We 3 cu Ue ms mm c r g0 HT .1 WW m ms ua t m 8 6 Rb mh 6 mi. h CW 1 2 l 6 1 co S d n a n e h t e N 8 6 9 2 l V. 0 N
ured against a piston mounted in the tube. Said piston is preferably pro- 128/; F, 123/276 resilient material, through which a needle, preferably of stain- Amb 10/00 less steel, extends, which ends in or is tightly press 128/2 F, 2 G; 73/4256 vided with a concave at the side where the needle ends. Thus a hermetically sealed compartment is obtained through which Field ofSearch...................l
I C t H I ll] 00 55 [i References Cited the needle extends. Said Compartment is suitable for aseptic storage of auxiliaries such as anticoagulants and/or antisepti UN lTED STATES PATENTS 3,162,195 Dick... ..................................128/216 7Claims,3Drawing Figures INSTRUMENT FOR THE WIT HDRAWAL OF lBOlDY FLUIDS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION An instrument which is frequently applied for drawing body fluids more particularly blood, is a hypodermic syringe. When this syringe is not used for injection purposes, but for taking samples of a body fluid, this fluid after the puncture has to be transferred into a container in order to transport said fluid or to perform clinical-chemical determinations in it. The drawbacks of such a method are obvious as these operations take much time and the chance of mistakes is increased. Moreover, after the use the syringe has to be cleaned and, if necessary or desired, sterilized again and provided with fresh anticoagulants and/or antiseptics.
Of the hypodermic syringes which have been developed so far for the withdrawal of body fluids no variants are known which are also suitable for the storage, the transport and the centrifugation of these fluids.
Since there is at present a strong tendency towards greater efficiency and, connected therewith, greater uniformity of apparatuses to be used in clinical-chemical determinations, the need is felt of a fluid drawing instrument which is also equipped for the transport, the storage and the centrifugation of the fluid.
A partial, but by no means ideal solution of the above-mentioned problems was found in the use of an apparatus comprising the following two essential parts:
1 a vacuum ampoule fitted at one side with a cap or stopper of resilient material;
2. a holder with a needle pointed at both ends in which the vacuum ampoule can be placed.
By means of such an apparatus blood can be taken by inserting the needle into a blood vessel and then exerting pressure on the ampoule so that the needle will pierce the resilient cap of the ampoule. However, such a device is rather expensive, due to the fact that special vacuum ampoules are required. Another great objection is that the movement which has to be made to withdraw the fluid (exerting such a pressure on the vacuum ampoule that the needle will pierce the cap of the ampoule) is essentially contrary to the movement made when an ordinary hypodermic syringe is used. Moreover, so much pressure should be exerted that there is a danger of the needle piercing the vein, which can give rise to hematomae and other injuries. Besides the ampoule cannot be filled up completely there will always remain a certain space above the blood containing air or another gas, in consequence of which undesired changes may occur during the transport of the blood.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An instrument has now been found adapted to be employed for the withdrawal of body fluids. This instrument is also suitable for the transport and the storage of these fluids, as well as for the centrifugation and other preparatory operations prior to the performance of clinical-chemical determinations, to which instrument no such drawbacks as those mentioned above are attached. It can be constructed at such a low cost that after a single use the instrument can be discarded.
The instrument according to the invention is characterized by a tube having one hermetically closed end, the closure of which is entirely or partly made of resilient material, through which material a needle extends which ends in a piston mounted in the tube, which piston is fitted with a device which enables said piston to be moved.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The instrument according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. I in the sheet of drawings, representing one of the possible embodiments of the invention.
The process of taking body-fluids with such a device is very simple. The needle is inserted into the body in the conventional manner, after which the fluid is withdrawn by moving the piston backwards. After the puncture the detachable parts of the instrument, including the needle, are removed, after which the body of the instrument, a handy tube, containing a hermetically sealed quantity of fluid, remains. If a specimen of blood has been taken which is to be transported over long distances, for instance, by airmail, the air has to be removed from the tube, because, due to excessive shaking during the transport, hemolysis may be caused. For this purpose the needle is not immediately entirely removed from the tube, but only in part, so that the end of the needle just remains in communication with a concave which should preferably be made in the closure. By moving the piston towards the needle while keeping the tube in a vertical position, the air first collects in the concave, after which it is removed through the needle. Then the needle can be entirely drawn from the closure.
Now, the tube containing the fluid (FIG. lIl) can be stored or transported and, if desired, centrifuged to separate any solid substance from the fluid.
The parts of the instrument according to the invention are illustrated further with reference to FIG. I in the sheet of drawings.
The tube (1 e.g., of cylindrical shape, should preferably be made of transparent material. Tubes made of synthetic material, such for example as polystyrene, acrylstyrene, polypropylene and polymethylpentene or other polyolefins, are very suitable for this purpose. The dimensions and the content of the tube depend, of course, on the purpose for which the instrument according to the invention is used, but it is a prerequisite that the tube should be adapted to be used in the common laboratory centrifuges. For the performance of most clinical-chemical determinations in the blood of adults a blood sample of 10 ml. is sufficient.
At one end the tube is hermetically closed, for example with a cap or a stopper partly or entirely made of resilient material, for example, rubber. There should preferably be a concave (3) in the closure communicating with the interior of the tube, which permits any air present in the tube to be removed easily, as described above. The needle (4) which should be made of durable material, preferably stainless steel, extends through the resilient part of the closure either centrically or eccentrically according to the location of the concave. Moreover, the needle should preferably be fitted with a guard (5) preventing the needle from penetrating further into the tube.
The end of the needle which is in the tube should end in or tightly press against a piston (7). Preferably the needle reaches to the interior of the piston so that on injection it can no more move sidelong. Hence a needle which is pointed at both ends is the most suitable needle to employ in the instrument according to the invention. Thus a perfectly hermetically sealed compartment (6) is obtained, through which the needle extends either centrically or eccentrically.
In the piston there should preferably be a concave at the side where the needle ends, which offers advantages on examination of the sediment obtained after centrifuging, which has collected in the concave. Also, the piston is fitted with, or can be fitted with a device for moving it. For this purpose a piston rod is mostly used. With a view to centrifuging the fluid, the piston rod should be detachable annexed, in any case that part which sticks out of the tube after withdrawal of the fluid. To fulfill this requirement the piston rod can be provided with, for example, a breaking point. However, it is to be preferred to provide the piston with a device (8), for example a screw thread or a catch, to fasten a loose piston rod, but other devices, too, can be used in the instrument according to the invention to move the piston.
The other open end of the tube can be closed with a cap (9), which can be provided with an opening, if desired, through which quite easily a piston rod can be put. For special purposes said opening is closed by a film, for example, of rubber or plastic (10). Such a closure is required if microbiological determinations are to be performed in connection with which not only compartment (6), but the whole inner side of the tube should be sterile.
The part of the needle extending out of the tube can be protected with a cover, which serves a double purpose: it protects the needle and keeps it sterile. The material of which said cover is made should preferably be pervious to sterilizing gases such as ethylene-oxide.
The device according to the invention can be supplied perfectly sterile and is constructed in such a way that the sterility will be maintained for a virtually unlimited time.
To the instrument according to the invention, which is illustrated in FIG. I in the sheet of drawings and which is one of the possible embodiments of the invention, belongs a loose piston rod, which must be mounted on the piston before use. Such a piston rod (FIG. II) can be made of durable material, for example stainless steel. If the sterility should be extremely great on taking the fluid, the piston rod can be sterilized before it is fitted in the tube, for example, by flaming.
The fluid-withdrawal instrument according to the invention is destroyed or discarded after use; a piston rod of durable material can be used over and over again. However, the piston rod can also be made of synthetic material, in which case it is discarded together with the fluid-withdrawal instrument after one-time use. If sterility is required, such a loose piston rod of synthetic material can be manufactured in a sterilized package.
In practice most determinations have been performed in blood serum so far, that is to say, in the fluid that remains after clotting has taken place. The instrument according to the invention enables this serum to be prepared a short time after the puncture and free from hemolysis.
However, a number of determinations in blood are performed starting from whole blood or blood plasma, that is to say, starting from blood which has not been allowed to clot.
Examples of such determinations are: the determination of amino acids, amino-nitrogen, ascorbic acid, lactic acid and al cohol, and further, for example, the hematocrite value, the oxygen-binding capacity, the prothrombin time and the erythrocyte-sedimentation time.
Dependent on the determinations to be performed in blood, the following anticoagulants are often used: sequestering agents such as salts of ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, for example, potassium or sodium EDTA, heparin, for example, potassium, sodium or lithium salts, sodium fluoride, sodium citrate, potassium or sodium oxalate or potassium-ammonium oxalate.
Said coagulants, in a solid or in a liquid form, can be passed aseptically into the sterilized device according to the invention, and that into the compartment (6) between the piston and the closure. As the needle presses tightly against or reaches to the interior of the piston, said substances cannot penetrate into the needle so that they cannot constitute a danger to the patient or block up the needle. The instruments according to the invention filled with different coagulants should be clearly distinguishable from each other, for example, by a clear code and/or differences in color.
The following four types of blood withdrawal instruments are suitable for most clinical-chemical determinations:
l. blood-withdrawal instrument having an empty sterile space between stopper and piston;
2. blood-withdrawal instruments having a sequestering agent in the compartment in question, for example, tripotassium EDTA;
3. blood-withdrawal instrument containing heparin in the form of the sodium salt;
4. blood-withdrawal instrument containing sodium citrate.
For determinations to be performed in body fluids other than blood, such as lumber fluid, interarticular fluid and pleural fluid, other auxiliaries such as antiseptics, can be present in the instrument according to the invention. It stands to reason that the nature of the determination to be performed plays a part in the choice of the auxiliary. Likewise the diameter and the length of the needle must be adapted to the field of application.
It is claimed: 1. An instrument for the withdrawal of body fluids comprising a tube having an open end and a hermetically closed opposite end, the interior of said tube being at substantially atmospheric pressure, a closure member at the closed end of the tube providing said hermetic seal which is at least partly made of resilient material through which material a hollow needle extends which terminates in and is sealed by a piston slidably mounted in the interior of said tube provide a hermetically sealed compartment between said closure member and said piston, said compartment being penetrated by said needle, said piston being provided with means for moving the piston away from the closed end of the tube.
2. The instrument of claim 1, in which said closure has a concave communicating with the interior of the tube.
3. The instrument of claim 1, in which said piston possesses a concave portion at the side where the needle terminates in the piston.
4. The instrument of claim 1, in which said piston is fitted with means for fastening a piston rod.
5. The instrument of claim I, in which the open end of said tube is closed with a cap fitted in the middle with a film which can easily be penetrated by a piston rod.
6. The instrument of claim 1 which includes a piston rod attached to said piston.
7. The instrument of claim 1 in which said needle is provided with a guard to prevent further penetration into said tube.
Claims (7)
1. An instrument for the withdrawal of body fluids comprising a tube having an open end and a hermetically closed opposite end, the interior of said tube being at substantially atmospheric pressure, a closure member at the closed end of the tube providing said hermetic seal which is at least partly made of resilient material through which material a hollow needle extends which terminates in and is sealed by a piston slidably mounted in the interior of said tube provide a hermetically sealed compartment between said closure member and said piston, said compartment being penetrated by said needle, said piston being provided with means for moving the piston away from the closed end of the tube.
2. The instrument of claim 1, in which said closure has a concave communicating with the interior of the tube.
3. The instrument of claim 1, in which said piston possesses a concave portion at the side where the needle terminates in the piston.
4. The instrument of claim 1, in which said piston is fitted with means for fastening a piston rod.
5. The instrument of claim 1, in which the open end of said tube is closed with a cap fitted in the middle with a film which can easily be penetrated by a piston rod.
6. The instrument of claim 1 which includes a piston rod attached to said piston.
7. The instrument of claim 1 in which said needle is provided with a guard to prevent further penetration into said tube.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6816121A NL6816121A (en) | 1968-11-12 | 1968-11-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3645253A true US3645253A (en) | 1972-02-29 |
Family
ID=19805129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US873903A Expired - Lifetime US3645253A (en) | 1968-11-12 | 1969-11-04 | Instrument for the withdrawal of body fluids |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3645253A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5014834B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE1956953A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2023100A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1282763A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6816121A (en) |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3817239A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1974-06-18 | D Kuntz | Urine monitor |
US3885549A (en) * | 1972-06-26 | 1975-05-27 | David Thomas Green | Apparatus for producing a vacuum in a test tube |
US3901219A (en) * | 1974-07-25 | 1975-08-26 | Becton Dickinson Co | Blood collecting container and method |
US4052320A (en) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-10-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Telescoping serum separator and dispenser |
EP0029361A2 (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-05-27 | Robert Charles Turner | Liquid sample collector device |
WO1985000662A1 (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-14 | Radiometer A/S | Composition and sampling receptacle method for treating blood with anticoagulant |
WO1988002238A1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-07 | William Thomas Dennis Bates | Blood sampling device |
US4890627A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-01-02 | Habley Medical Technology Corporation | Manually evacuated suction tube |
WO2003003922A1 (en) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Medizintechnik Promedt Gmbh | Blood sample syringe |
US20060200073A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2006-09-07 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Portable drug delivery device having an encapsulated needle |
WO2011050561A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | 天津市百利康泰生物技术有限公司 | Disposable rigidly-connected anticoagulant vacuum blood collection needle with collection container and blood outlet |
US20120277629A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collection and/or manipulation of blood spots or other bodily fluids |
WO2013059429A1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Syringe with removable plunger for arterial blood gas sample collection |
WO2013059431A1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Blood collection assembly |
US9033898B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2015-05-19 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Sampling devices and methods involving relatively little pain |
US9041541B2 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2015-05-26 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Monitoring or feedback systems and methods |
US9113836B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2015-08-25 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Devices and techniques associated with diagnostics, therapies, and other applications, including skin-associated applications |
US9295417B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2016-03-29 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collecting fluid from a subject |
US9730624B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2017-08-15 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Delivering and/or receiving fluids |
US10376194B2 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2019-08-13 | Biotechnology Institute, I Mas D, S.L. | Device for the collecting of blood or a blood compound |
US10543310B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2020-01-28 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Delivering and/or receiving material with respect to a subject surface |
US11177029B2 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2021-11-16 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Systems and techniques for monitoring subjects |
US11202895B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2021-12-21 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Rapid delivery and/or receiving of fluids |
US12121353B2 (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2024-10-22 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Systems and interfaces for blood sampling |
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US4134512A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1979-01-16 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | One-way evacuated tube stopper |
AU552883B2 (en) * | 1981-11-03 | 1986-06-26 | Walter Sarstedt Kunststoff-Spritzgusswerk | Blood extracting and centrifuging device |
US4766908A (en) * | 1987-01-12 | 1988-08-30 | Van-Tec, Inc. | Aspiration syringe |
GB2218076A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-11-08 | William Thomas Dennis Bates | Sample tube |
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- 1969-11-04 US US873903A patent/US3645253A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-11-12 JP JP44090214A patent/JPS5014834B1/ja active Pending
- 1969-11-12 DE DE19691956953 patent/DE1956953A1/en active Pending
- 1969-11-12 FR FR6938766A patent/FR2023100A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3817239A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1974-06-18 | D Kuntz | Urine monitor |
US3885549A (en) * | 1972-06-26 | 1975-05-27 | David Thomas Green | Apparatus for producing a vacuum in a test tube |
US3901219A (en) * | 1974-07-25 | 1975-08-26 | Becton Dickinson Co | Blood collecting container and method |
US4052320A (en) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-10-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Telescoping serum separator and dispenser |
DK152629B (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1988-03-28 | Robert Charles Turner | APPARATUS FOR COLLECTION OF FLUID SAMPLES |
EP0029361A2 (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-05-27 | Robert Charles Turner | Liquid sample collector device |
EP0029361A3 (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1982-01-27 | Robert Charles Turner | Liquid sample collector device |
WO1985000662A1 (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-14 | Radiometer A/S | Composition and sampling receptacle method for treating blood with anticoagulant |
WO1988002238A1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-07 | William Thomas Dennis Bates | Blood sampling device |
US4890627A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-01-02 | Habley Medical Technology Corporation | Manually evacuated suction tube |
WO2003003922A1 (en) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Medizintechnik Promedt Gmbh | Blood sample syringe |
US20030181825A1 (en) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-09-25 | Buettner Klaus | Blood sample syringe |
US20060200073A1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2006-09-07 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Portable drug delivery device having an encapsulated needle |
US7780636B2 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2010-08-24 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Portable drug delivery device having an encapsulated needle |
US9775551B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2017-10-03 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Devices and techniques associated with diagnostics, therapies, and other applications, including skin-associated applications |
US9730624B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2017-08-15 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Delivering and/or receiving fluids |
US10939860B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2021-03-09 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Techniques and devices associated with blood sampling |
US10799166B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2020-10-13 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Delivering and/or receiving fluids |
US9113836B2 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2015-08-25 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Devices and techniques associated with diagnostics, therapies, and other applications, including skin-associated applications |
WO2011050561A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | 天津市百利康泰生物技术有限公司 | Disposable rigidly-connected anticoagulant vacuum blood collection needle with collection container and blood outlet |
US9041541B2 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2015-05-26 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Monitoring or feedback systems and methods |
US9033898B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2015-05-19 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Sampling devices and methods involving relatively little pain |
US12076518B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2024-09-03 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Rapid delivery and/or receiving of fluids |
US11202895B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2021-12-21 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Rapid delivery and/or receiving of fluids |
US11177029B2 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2021-11-16 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Systems and techniques for monitoring subjects |
US10835163B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2020-11-17 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collecting fluid from a subject |
US20120277629A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collection and/or manipulation of blood spots or other bodily fluids |
US11253179B2 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2022-02-22 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Systems and methods for collection and/or manipulation of blood spots or other bodily fluids |
US20170127991A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2017-05-11 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collection and/or manipulation of blood spots or other bodily fluids |
US9295417B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2016-03-29 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Systems and methods for collecting fluid from a subject |
US9119578B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2015-09-01 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Plasma or serum production and removal of fluids under reduced pressure |
US10188335B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2019-01-29 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Plasma or serum production and removal of fluids under reduced pressure |
CN103957794A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2014-07-30 | 贝克顿·迪金森公司 | Blood collection assembly |
US10426391B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2019-10-01 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Blood collection cartridge, blood collection system, and blood collection method for use thereof |
AU2012326103B2 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2015-08-13 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Blood collection assembly |
US20150173660A1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2015-06-25 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Blood Collection Assembly And Method for Use Thereof |
CN103957794B (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2016-10-05 | 贝克顿·迪金森公司 | Blood collection assemblies |
WO2013059431A1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Blood collection assembly |
US9642569B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2017-05-09 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Syringe with removable plunger for arterial blood gas sample collection |
WO2013059429A1 (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Syringe with removable plunger for arterial blood gas sample collection |
US10543310B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2020-01-28 | Seventh Sense Biosystems, Inc. | Delivering and/or receiving material with respect to a subject surface |
US10376194B2 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2019-08-13 | Biotechnology Institute, I Mas D, S.L. | Device for the collecting of blood or a blood compound |
US12121353B2 (en) | 2023-06-08 | 2024-10-22 | Yourbio Health, Inc. | Systems and interfaces for blood sampling |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1956953A1 (en) | 1970-06-11 |
FR2023100A1 (en) | 1970-08-07 |
GB1282763A (en) | 1972-07-26 |
JPS5014834B1 (en) | 1975-05-30 |
NL6816121A (en) | 1970-05-14 |
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