DE1956953A1 - Device for the extraction of body fluids - Google Patents

Description

concerning

Device for withdrawing body fluids

The invention relates to a device that
can be used for withdrawal or withdrawal of
Body fluids, in particular blood, and for the transport or storage of such fluids as well as for their centrifugation and other treatments for the preparation of clinical-chemical determinations on these fluids.

A hypodermic syringe is usually used as an instrument for withdrawing body fluids, in particular blood. Will such a syringe
used not for injection purposes, but to take samples of a body fluid, so must according to the
Puncture this liquid transferred into a container
so that they can be transported and used to carry out clinical chemistry determinations.

009824/1395

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The disadvantages of such a method are obvious that the individual work steps take a lot of time and there is a considerable risk, that mistakes are made. In addition, the syringe must be cleaned after use, if necessary re-sterilized and be provided with fresh anticoagulant and / or antiseptic agents.

Any embodiments that can also be used for storage, transport and centrifugation of Body fluids suitable are among the hypodermic syringes developed to date for withdrawing body fluids not known.

As there is currently a strong tendency to simplify and unify the clinical-chemical Provisions used, there is a need for a device for withdrawing body fluids, the same time for the transport, storage and centrifugation of the concerned Liquid is suitable.

A partial, but by no means ideal solution to the above problems has been the use of a device which essentially had the following two parts:

1. A vacuum ampoule that is capped on one side or a plug made of elastic material was provided;

2. A holder with a pointed tip at both ends Needle into which the vacuum ampoule could be inserted.

009324/1395

084

With the help of a ter-like ^ TGifricMttiilg ^ ä «! A series of samples taken by blood,; ate with a blood vessel inserted - and then on; the ampoule acts as a bridge so that the needle pierces the elastic ampoule. ' A ^ derartigedoch pretty nimble on? J ~ dä SpeziialsrMmxmaiiqpuaLlieaa ^ ϊέ- forces are. Another-er the use of such devices is that the ¹ ^ -iBewe güng ^ ^ JdieJ ausgeiuhrt-merdenifflöS, ness abssnz ^% ^ piien wbiaei aehf ν the:

is opposed: id ^ iialis; ge £ tih4i ± s wifcä »iAi to use hypodermic syringe. In addition, such a strong ISi-uette-triggered; wjeMsn: _t ; d: aß diie- ^ & ä € i- 4Φ

Eämät ome'ö "ma

"ggqlsleilt: istet: s'

Eaämi1rig j Mgr.

leading to the occurrence of undesirable, fi the transport of the blood can lead.

fluids can be used. the

liquids used for centrifugation _w and

Acquisition costs are so low that dig ^ ßi can be destroyed after a single use.

-4-

_OR1GINAL

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The device according to the invention for withdrawing body fluids is characterized by an on one End of airtight tube, the closure of which consists entirely or partially of elastic material, through which extends a needle terminating in a piston disposed in the tube; the piston is according to the invention provided with a device that enables it to move back and forth.

The device according to the invention is shown in the drawing., Which will be explained in detail.

The process of withdrawing or withdrawing body fluids with the device according to the invention is very simple. The needle goes into the body in the usual way and the liquid is withdrawn by pulling the plunger backwards. After completion of the operation, the removable parts of the device including the needle are removed so that the main part of the instrument, a handy tube that contains an airtight amount of liquid is left behind. Was a blood sample taken, which is transported over long distances, for example by plane should, the air must first be removed from the pipe ρ, because of the strong shaking during transport cause hemolysis. To do this, the needle does not immediately become whole, but only partially removed from the tube so that the end of the needle extends straight into a concave recess, which is preferably is present in the lock. One then moves the plunger back towards the needle while holding the tube holds vertically, the air first collects in the recess and then penetrates through the needle to the outside. The needle can then be completely removed from the closure.

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The tube containing the liquid (shown in Pig. III) can be stored or transported and, if necessary, centrifuged in order to separate any solids contained in the liquid.

The device according to the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Fig. I. Is a longitudinal section through the inventive Device before use;

FIG. II is a screw-in piston rod with a handle in the illustrated case; FIG.

. Fig. III is a longitudinal section through the ear after use.

The tube 1, which is shaped, for example, cylindrical is preferably made of a transparent material. Pipes made of plastic, such as polystyrene, acrylic styrene, Polypropylene, polymethylpentene or other polyolefins are very suitable for this purpose. The dimensions of the tube and its capacity depend of course on the intended use of the invention Device from, however, the tube should expediently be designed in such a way that it is in the conventional laboratory centrifuges can be used. For most clinical-chemical determinations on the blood a blood sample of 10 ml is sufficient for adults.

At one end, the tube 1 is hermetically sealed, for example by a cap or a plug 2, which consists entirely or partially of elastic material, for example rubber. Preferably, in the closure '<■ a concave recess 3 is provided which communicates with the interior of the tube in communication so that, for example in dem.Rohr residual air can be removed as described above, easily.

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The needle 4, made of a durable material, preferably made of stainless steel, extends through the elastic part of the clasp either central or eccentric, depending on the location of the recess In addition, the needle should preferably pass through a guide which prevents it from going further than desired penetrates the pipe.

The end of the needle protruding into the tube is pressed tightly against a piston 7 or penetrates into it. Preferably the latter is the pail so that the needle does not move sideways as it is inserted into the yene can. For this purpose, a hypodermic needle with a tip at both ends is most useful for the application of the device according to the invention. In this way you get a completely airtight seal Section 6 through which the needle passes either in the middle or eccentrically.

In the piston 7 is preferably a concave cavity towards the side on which the needle ends, provided; this concave hollow has certain advantages the examination of the sediment deposited after centrifugation, which see accumulated in this cavity Has. The piston 7 is also closed with a device its back and forth movement. Il illustrated piston rod consists. With regard to the centrifugation of the liquid, the piston rod or at least the part that protrudes from the tube after the liquid has been removed, be removable. To meet this requirement, can the piston rod, for example, have a weak point at which it can be broken off. Preferably however, if the piston is provided with a device 8, e.g. a screw thread or a clamp,

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to attach a loose piston rod. According to the invention however, other devices can also be provided to move the piston.

The other open end of the tube can be closed with a cap _9f which may have an opening through which the piston rod can be easily pushed. For special purposes, this opening is closed by a film 10 made of, for example, rubber or plastic. Such a closure is necessary if microbiological determinations are to be carried out in which not only the section 6, but the entire inside of the tube must be sterile.

The protruding from the tube part of the needle 4 can be protected with a sheath 12, which is a double Purpose serves: it protects the needle and keeps it sterile at the same time. The material for this cover should preferably for sterilization gases such as ethylene oxide to be penetrable.

The device according to the invention can be kept completely sterile, and sterility is due to of the construction for a practically indefinite period of time.

To the device shown in Fig. I, which is one of the possible embodiments according to the invention, includes a loose piston rod that must be attached to the piston prior to use. Such a piston rod (Fig. II) can be made of durable material such as stainless steel. Should the sterility on removal the liquid can be extraordinarily large, so the piston rod can also be inserted into the tube before it is introduced sterilized, for example in the flame.

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The device according to the invention is destroyed or discarded after use, but the permanent Material existing piston rod can be used again and again. However, the piston rod can also be made of plastic manufactured, and then it will be used together with the other parts of the device after a single use * discarded. If sterility is necessary, a loose plastic piston rod can be sterilized in a Pack are provided.

In practice, most of the provisions have so far been

^ carried out on the blood serum, i.e. on the liquid, which remains after coagulation. With the aid of the device according to the invention, the serum can be used for a short time after removal and without hemolysis having occurred.

However, quite a number of determinations are made on whole blood or blood plasma, i.e., man assumes blood that has not yet been able to clot.

Examples of such determinations are: the determination of amino acids, amino nitrogen, ascorbic acid, Lactic acid and alcohol and also, for example, the P hematocrit value, the ability to bind oxygen, the prothrombin time and the erythrocyte sedimentation time.

In order to prevent coagulation, the following means are often used depending on the intended destinations used: release agents such as salts, e.g. potassium or Sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, heparin, e.g. the potassium, sodium or lithium salt, sodium fluoride, Sodium citrate, potassium or sodium oxalate, or potassium ammonium oxalate.

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The agents can be aseptically introduced into the device according to the invention in solid or liquid form, specifically in the section 6 between the piston and the closure. If the needle lies tightly against the inside of the plunger or extends into the plunger, the substance in question cannot penetrate the needle, so that it poses no danger to the patient or clogs the needle. The devices according to the invention, if they are filled with different anticoagulants, must be clearly distinguishable from one another, for example by clear designation and / or different colors.

The following four types of blood collection devices are suitable for most clinicochemicals Regulations:

1) blood collection instruments with an empty "sterile space between the stopper and plunger;

2) blood collection instruments with a separating means, e.g. Tripotassium ethylenediamine tetraacetate in the relevant section,

3) Blood collection instruments with a content of heparin in Form of the sodium salt.

4) Blood collection instruments containing sodium citrate.

For determinations involving body fluids other than blood, e.g. lumbar fluid, interarticular fluid and pleural fluid, should be carried out, additives other than antiseptics may be used in the invention Device be present. Of course, the type of determination plays a role in the choice of auxiliary substances a role. The diameter and length of the needle must also be adapted to the respective type of application.

Claims

003824/1395

Claims (7)

Claims Device for withdrawing body fluids, characterized by an airtight at one end closed tube (1), the closure (2) of which consists entirely or partially of elastic material " which extends a needle (4) ending in a piston (7) arranged in the tube, the piston (7) having a Means (Fig. II) is provided which allows its reciprocating movement enables. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the closure (2) has a plug a concave recess (3) which is in communication with the interior of the tube. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized g e - k e η η ζ e i c h η e 't that the piston (7) with a device (8) is provided for fastening a piston rod, 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 _f, characterized in that the piston (7) has a concave cavity on the side on which the needle ends in the piston. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized marked that the other end of the tube (1) is closed with a cap (9) over a Central opening carries a film (10.) which can be easily pierced by a piston rod. - 2 - 003824 / T395 . 1A-37 084 / ti 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (6) of the tube between the closure (2) and the piston (7) contains a coagulation preventing and / or an antiseptic agent. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (6) contains a separating agent, a heparin salt or sodium citrate between the closure (2) and the piston (7). 009824/1395 Blank page