US3644950A - Patient support system - Google Patents

Patient support system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3644950A
US3644950A US846719A US3644950DA US3644950A US 3644950 A US3644950 A US 3644950A US 846719 A US846719 A US 846719A US 3644950D A US3644950D A US 3644950DA US 3644950 A US3644950 A US 3644950A
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United States
Prior art keywords
container
foam
air
pressurized
foam layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US846719A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward R Lindsay Jr
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Milton Roy LLC
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Milton Roy LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/30—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means
    • A61G2203/34—General characteristics of devices characterised by sensor means for pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S297/00—Chairs and seats
    • Y10S297/03—Pneumatic

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [51] Int. Cl ..A47c 27/08 In a bed f supporting and "eating a hospital patient a [58] Field of Search ..5/347, 348, 91, 355, 361, 353 lamination f low and medium density plastic f is endosed in a pressurized container. An open pore foam layer on top of [56] References cued the container produces a flow of air from the top of the foam UNITED STATES PATENTS layer for patient ventilation. Control of: the volume oi air varues the degree of ventilation.
  • the container 18 divided into airl,228,783 6/1917 Kerivan 5/343 tight zones which can be independently pressurized to control 3,032,438 3/1963 Nachmanm. 5/ 353 the relative firmness of the support in different zones.
  • the 3,1 18,153 1/1964 Hood 5/ 345 pressurizing air for the container is controlled to vary the rela- 3, i i i Whitney five firmness of upport 3,266,064 8/1966 Figman ....5/347 3,330,598 7/1967 Whiteside ..297/284 5 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATIENT SUPPORT SYSTEM BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention relates to a hospital bed and more particularly to a plastic foam bed having a flow of ventilating air from the top thereof.
  • liquid-filled mattresses such as that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,108,293.
  • Liquid-filled mattresses must have a cover to keep the patient out of contact with the liquid. This cover acts as a hammock and itself distributes pressure unevenly over the patients body. Both conventional and liquid-filled mattresses prevent air from circulating freely over areas of the patients body resting on the mattress.
  • Soft plastic foam has some characteristics of uniform support which make it attractive for possible use in a hospital bed.
  • the use of plastic foam instead of fluidized granules would also be attractive from the cost standpoint.
  • Employing lowdensity foam to support a patient provides a low-pressure uniform support by allowing the patient to sink down into the foam. Since the foam is a good insulator, heat and perspiration on the supporting areas becomes a problem.
  • the patient support includes a pressurized plastic foam filled container covered by an open pore foam sheet which serves as a plenum for the distribution of ventilating air to the supporting areas of the patients skin.
  • the pressurized container encloses a lamination of layers of plastic foam of differing density.
  • the pressurization of the container is controlled to vary the relative firmness of the support.
  • the softest support is that provided by the layers of low-density foam with no air pressure. As air pressure is increased, less and less of the patients weight is supported by the foam. When maximum pressure is obtained, nearly all of the patients weight is carried by the pressurized container.
  • the pressurized container is divided into airtight zones which are independently pressurized to control the relative firmness provided different parts of a patient.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the polyfoam and pneumatic support system of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of the pressurized container enclosing the lamination of soft and medium density foam layers
  • FIG. 3 shows details of the pressurized container
  • FIG. 4 shows the support system in place in a conventional hospital bed.
  • the pressurized container 1 encloses a lamination of low and medium density plastic foams.
  • the container is covered with an open pore foam layer 2 which acts as a plenum for a supply of ventilating air.
  • This air is supplied from an air compressor 3 through the connecting hose 4.
  • the use of an open pore foam as an air plenum has significant advantages in a support system of this type. For example, the distribution of air from the open pore foam is more uniform than the distribution from a box perforated on its top surface and placed beneath a foam mattress, as described in Science and Medicine, April May, 1969, page 19. It is also more uniform than the flow of air through foam with openings extending all the way through the foam such as is shown in the aforementioned Figman U.S. Pat. No. 3,266,064.
  • the foam layer 2 may be a 2-inch thick open pore foam which is rigid enough that patient loading does not pinch off air flow through the pores, but soft enough to conform to the shape of the patients body.
  • a uniform air flow of between 0.5 to 1.5 feet per minute can be obtained from the top surface of the foam layer 2.
  • top foam sheet 5 above the open pore foam 2.
  • the top foam sheet 5 should be a low-density, semiclosed cell (not reticulated) foam.
  • One foam suitable for use is the polyether urethane flexible foam available from Napco Chemical Company, Plainfield, New Jersey, having a nominal density of 1.10-1.35 pounds per cubic foot.
  • the pressurized container 1, open pore foam layer 2, and top foam sheet 5 are all enclosed in a fabric cover 6.
  • the top of this cover particularly must be made of a material which will stretch, but which does not support the patient by a hammocking effect.
  • the typical material suitable for use is a nylon stretch-type material sold under the trade name of Banlon.
  • the ventilating air supplied to the hose 4, and the pressurizing air supplied through the hose 4a, are supplied from the air compressor 3.
  • the air compressor unit includes a flow control knob 7 and an airflow indicator 8.
  • the ventilating air may be heated and humidified as required.
  • the air compressor also includes a pressure control 9 and an air pressure indicator 10.
  • the unit should be capable of pressurizing the container 1 up to a pressure of 2 p.s.i.
  • the ability to change the firmness of support supplied by the pressurized container is quite desirable. It allows selecting the firmness particularly suited to the needs and desires of the individual patient. It is also desirable for an individual patient to vary the relative firmness of support from time to time to relieve monotony.
  • One compressor suitable for use is the vane-type air compressor.
  • the pressurized container 1 encloses a lamination of foams, the layers 11-14 being shown.
  • the laminations are of increasing density. That is, in most applications it will be desired to have more dense foam at the bottom.
  • the layer 11 may be a low-density semiclosed cell polyether urethane foam having an indentation load deflection (lLD) of 25 percent at 9 pounds.
  • Layer 12 typically may have an lLD of 25 percent at 12 pounds; layer 13 an ILD of 25 percent at to pounds and layer 14 an ILD of percent at to pounds.
  • the foam layers are enclosed in the fabric container I having an excess of fabric at the top to allow deflection uninfiuenced by a hammocking effect.
  • An air fitting 15 supplies the pressurizing air to the container.
  • the container is divided into 4-inch square cells by tensile cords which are fastened to the top of fabric container 1 and to a board 16 in the bottom of the container. Of course, the cells may be larger or smaller than 4 square inches.
  • FIG. 3 The attachment of the tensile cords between the board 16 and the top fabric is shown in FIG. 3. Note that the foam is compressed at the tie down at the corner of each convex pocket. Typical cords 17-20 divide the foam into 4-inch square cells. There is a dome of top fabric between each group of four cords. This allows depression of a particular cell without affecting other cells. The rows of cells along the edges may be pressurized separately from the other cells to allow a firm support along the edges of the bed. This provides firm support so that the edges of the container do not bulge out. This also provides a firm support at the edge when a person is getting into or out of the bed. As shown in FIG.
  • a separate piece of fabric 21 is used along the edge and is folded under to be attached to the baseboard along the line 22. This piece of fabric separates the enclosed cells from the remainder of the cells. This technique is also used to divide the rest of the sealed container into zones which can be separately pressurized.
  • the container is divided into three separate control zones.
  • Ducts 23, 24, and 25 supply separate sources of pressurizing air to the three zones.
  • Zone control of firmness is desirable, for example, to allow the patient to sit on a relatively firm support while his back remains on a soft support.
  • zone control of firmness facilitates handling of a patient in a supine position on a bedpan. The capability of softening a zone under the buttocks while maintaining the remainder of the support firm allows sliding the bedpan under the patient instead of lifting the patient.
  • FIG. 4 shows the support system in place on a conventional hospital bed.
  • the board 16 (not shown in FIG. 4) is hinged at appropriate places to allow bending along lines at the points 26, 27 and 28 so that the normal raising and lowering functions of a hospital bed can be accommodated.
  • Auxiliary orthopedic support members, such as the contoured heel pad 29, can be inserted in the foam at the appropriate places.
  • a system for uniformly supporting a patient comprising:
  • a source of ventilating air connected to said open pore reticulated foam layer producing a flow of air from the top of said foam layer for patient ventilation.
  • a system for uniformly supporting a patient comprising:
  • said pressurized container having separately pressurized cells around the periphery thereof, the cells around the periphery being supplied with air at a higher pressure than the remaining portion of said container to provide firmer support at the edges of said container,
  • a source of ventilating air connected to said open pore foam layer producing a flow of air from the top of said foam layer for patient ventilation.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
US846719A 1969-08-01 1969-08-01 Patient support system Expired - Lifetime US3644950A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US84671969A 1969-08-01 1969-08-01

Publications (1)

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US3644950A true US3644950A (en) 1972-02-29

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Family Applications (1)

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US846719A Expired - Lifetime US3644950A (en) 1969-08-01 1969-08-01 Patient support system

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US (1) US3644950A (fr)
CA (1) CA922820A (fr)
DE (1) DE2038238A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2057835A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1263418A (fr)

Cited By (91)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3778851A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-12-18 Haworth Air Conditioning Ltd Mattress
US3840920A (en) * 1972-01-24 1974-10-15 W Voelker Adjustable mattress for pregnant mothers
US3866606A (en) * 1973-09-04 1975-02-18 Thomas S Hargest Cyclically produced contoured support
US3879776A (en) * 1974-01-10 1975-04-29 Morris Solen Variable tension fluid mattress
EP0072240A1 (fr) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-16 Support Systems International, Inc. Appareil de support fluidisé
US4599755A (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-07-15 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Bead fluidizing type body supporting device
DE3545311A1 (de) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 Rokado Metall Holz Kunststoff Wasserbett
US4694521A (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-09-22 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd Human body supporting device
US4745645A (en) * 1987-08-27 1988-05-24 Mcwilliams Douglas J Inflatable insert for worn mattresses
US4803744A (en) * 1987-05-19 1989-02-14 Hill-Rom Company, Inc. Inflatable bed
US4825488A (en) * 1988-04-13 1989-05-02 Bedford Peter H Support pad for nonambulatory persons
US4835802A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-06-06 The Kmw Group, Inc. Fluidization patient support control system
US4840425A (en) * 1987-04-21 1989-06-20 Tush Cush, Inc. Varying support cushioned seating assembly and method
US4896389A (en) * 1988-06-10 1990-01-30 S.S.I. Medical Services Of Canada Inc. Inflatable air mattress
US4944060A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-07-31 Peery John R Mattress assembly for the prevention and treatment of decubitus ulcers
US4946220A (en) * 1987-08-17 1990-08-07 David Wyon Ventilated chair or similar device
US5002336A (en) * 1989-10-18 1991-03-26 Steve Feher Selectively cooled or heated seat and backrest construction
US5163737A (en) * 1991-01-29 1992-11-17 The Bbj Connection Cushion
US5251347A (en) * 1992-01-03 1993-10-12 Stryker Corporation Bed having patient warming apparatus
US5305483A (en) * 1993-03-08 1994-04-26 Watkins Charles E Infant body support and providing air flow for breathing
US5325551A (en) * 1992-06-16 1994-07-05 Stryker Corporation Mattress for retarding development of decubitus ulcers
US5373595A (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-12-20 Irvin Industries Canada Ltd. Air support device
US5542136A (en) * 1994-08-05 1996-08-06 Stryker Corporation Portable mattress for treating decubitus ulcers
WO1996039904A1 (fr) * 1992-06-16 1996-12-19 Hargest Thomas S Appareil de prevention de la mort subite du nourrisson
US5594963A (en) * 1992-08-20 1997-01-21 Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Pressure relief air mattress and related system
US5606754A (en) * 1989-03-09 1997-03-04 Ssi Medical Services, Inc. Vibratory patient support system
US5640728A (en) * 1993-09-30 1997-06-24 Graebe; Robert H. Ventilated access interface and cushion support system
US5701623A (en) * 1996-03-11 1997-12-30 Latex Foam Products, Inc. Composite mattress and mattress topper having a latex foam core
WO1998023236A1 (fr) 1996-11-25 1998-06-04 Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Regulateur de temperature pour dispositifs de maintien therapeutiques
US5794289A (en) * 1995-10-06 1998-08-18 Gaymar Industries, Inc. Mattress for relieving pressure ulcers
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US20110047703A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Jean-Francois Tarsaud Lateral tilt device
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US4371997A (en) * 1980-08-25 1983-02-08 Mattson Roy D Adjustable firmness cushion with multiple layered foam-filled compartments
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US3051601A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-08-28 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Laminated polyurethane foam cushion
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US3148391A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-15 John K Whitney Support device
US3266064A (en) * 1963-03-29 1966-08-16 Figman Murray Ventilated mattress-box spring combination
US3330598A (en) * 1966-02-14 1967-07-11 Whiteside George Harold Pneumatic seat
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US2997100A (en) * 1958-06-09 1961-08-22 Toyad Corp Pneumatic foam structures
US3051601A (en) * 1958-11-07 1962-08-28 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Laminated polyurethane foam cushion
US3017642A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-01-23 Holiday Line Inc Self-inflating cushion
US3118153A (en) * 1960-10-21 1964-01-21 Davidson Rubber Company Inc Upholstery corner construction
US3082438A (en) * 1961-02-10 1963-03-26 Nachman Corp Bed spring assembly
US3148391A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-15 John K Whitney Support device
US3266064A (en) * 1963-03-29 1966-08-16 Figman Murray Ventilated mattress-box spring combination
US3393937A (en) * 1965-12-30 1968-07-23 Wehmer Felix Supports for the human body
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Cited By (171)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3778851A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-12-18 Haworth Air Conditioning Ltd Mattress
US3840920A (en) * 1972-01-24 1974-10-15 W Voelker Adjustable mattress for pregnant mothers
US3866606A (en) * 1973-09-04 1975-02-18 Thomas S Hargest Cyclically produced contoured support
US3879776A (en) * 1974-01-10 1975-04-29 Morris Solen Variable tension fluid mattress
EP0072240A1 (fr) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-16 Support Systems International, Inc. Appareil de support fluidisé
US4599755A (en) * 1983-11-30 1986-07-15 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Bead fluidizing type body supporting device
US4694521A (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-09-22 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd Human body supporting device
DE3545311A1 (de) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 Rokado Metall Holz Kunststoff Wasserbett
US4840425A (en) * 1987-04-21 1989-06-20 Tush Cush, Inc. Varying support cushioned seating assembly and method
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DE2038238A1 (de) 1971-02-11
CA922820A (en) 1973-03-13
FR2057835A5 (fr) 1971-05-21

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