US3644772A - Halogen lamp - Google Patents

Halogen lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3644772A
US3644772A US29229A US3644772DA US3644772A US 3644772 A US3644772 A US 3644772A US 29229 A US29229 A US 29229A US 3644772D A US3644772D A US 3644772DA US 3644772 A US3644772 A US 3644772A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bulb
micromol
lamp
chloroform
sealed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US29229A
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English (en)
Inventor
Yooji Yuge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3644772A publication Critical patent/US3644772A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/50—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified pressure thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lamps and more particularly to a halogen lamp in which an organic halide is sealed.
  • a halogen which effects a so-called regenerating halogen cycle in which a vaporized metal from the filament and a halogen sealed in the bulb are combined at a portion of the inner wall of the bulb maintained at relatively low temperatures during the operation of the lamp, and the halogenmetal compound is evaporated therefrom and dissociated at a portion of the filament maintained at relatively high temperatures depositing metal on it.
  • the halogen is sealed either alone or in the form ofa compound. In the former case, a blackening phenomenon at the bulb wall and an etching of the filament are excessive so that halogen is now usually employed in the form of its compound. Halogen compounds heretofore in use, however, are still not satisfactory in that they do not serve to fully eliminate the above two adverse phenomena.
  • HCl hydrogen chloride
  • HCl hydrogen chloride
  • the tool elements eventually corrodes the tool elements, so that the tool elements become less durable.
  • the reaction with water also takes place within the bulb, thereby causing the filament and anchor supporting the filament to be corroded.
  • the permissible range of the amount of incorporation is greatly limited. The amount of incorporation in excess will result in the occurrence of the etching while a lesser amount is subject to the blackening phenomena, with the result that the yield of the product is very small.
  • chloroform is used as halide and is sealed in the amount of 0.01 to 0.10 micromol per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb, together with an inert gas and/or a nitrogen gas. Chloroform is less reactive to water so that corrosion of components used in the manufacture and of the filament and anchors mounted in the bulb can be avoided. Further, the permissible range of the amount of incorporation of the material can be relatively widely selected, so that the yield of production is excellent.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation of a halogen lamp embodying this invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a modification of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the comparison of the properties of a lamp made according to the present invention in which only chloroform is sealed therein with the properties of a lamp made by added hydrogen or chlorine.
  • the halogen lamp having a rating of 24 v. 150 w. comprises a transparent cylindrical glass bulb or envelope I of 10 mm. in diameter and 60 mm. in length, having therein a transverse filament ofa tungsten coil 2, Both ends of the filament are connected via lead wires 3 and metal foils 4 embedded hermetically in squeezed portions of the bulb 1 to terminal pins 5 protruding outwardly from the base of the lamp.
  • the bulb is sealed with 0.05 micromol of trichloromethane or chloroform (CHCl per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb and with an inert gas, such as argon, under a pressure of 600 to 700 mm. Hg.
  • a modification shown in FIG. 2 has a rating of 100 v., 500 w. and comprises a transparent cylindrical glass bulb having therein a tungsten coil filament 11 which is supported by a plurality of anchors 12 at points spaced apart along the length thereof in such a manner that the filament 11 extends along the longitudinal axis of the bulb.
  • a transparent cylindrical glass bulb having therein a tungsten coil filament 11 which is supported by a plurality of anchors 12 at points spaced apart along the length thereof in such a manner that the filament 11 extends along the longitudinal axis of the bulb.
  • molybdenum foils 14 are hermetically sealed.
  • Opposite ends of the filament coil 11 are connected through lead wires 15 and foils 14 which in turn are connected to terminal pins 16.
  • a mixture of Argon gas and chloroform is sealed in the bulb.
  • the pressure of the Argon gas may be of the order of 600 to 700 mm. Hg. and the amount of the sealed chloroform may be about 0.01 to 0.10 micromol per
  • chloroform used as a halogen compound to be sealed in the bulb amounts to 0.01 to 0.10 micromol per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb, as will be explained more in detail in connection with the following experiments.
  • a plurality of lamps were prepared by selectively sealing therein, together with argon used as an inert gas, 0.005 micromol, 0.01 micromol, 0.05 micromol, 0.10 micromol, 0.15 micromol and 0.20 micromol of CHCI per cubic centimeter of the inner volume thereof.
  • the pressure of the gas charged in each of the lamps was maintained at 600 to 700 mm. Hg.
  • the lamps were operated at a rated voltage of 100 v. and 10 percent overvoltage of v. The results are shown in the table below.
  • 0.005 110 Same as the above 0.010 100 Blackening and etching did not appear I 1640 hours after ignition though the filament was burned out.
  • 0.010 110 Same as the above. 0050 I00 Blackening and etching did not appear 1433 hours after ignition of the lamp.
  • 0.050 110 Same as the third and fourth columns. 0.100 100 Blackening and etching did not appear I360 hours after ignition though the filament was burned out. 0.100 110 Blackening and etching did not appear 590 hours after ignition though the filament was burned out. 0.150 100 Etching appeared 500 hours after ignition. 0.200 100 Etching appeared 280 hours after ignition.
  • the amount of incorporation of chloroform according to this invention is selected to lie within the range of 0.01 to 0.10 micromol/cm. on the basis of the results of the foregoing experiments.
  • the selection of the amount of incorporation at that range is due to the fact that lamps of a predetermined life will not be definitely produced due to production errors when said amount is closely out of that range.
  • the range described will thus definitely permit lamps of a predetermined life to be manufactured at allowances of usual production errors permissible in the art.
  • chloroform is stable against water, so that it will not cause various elements of the lamp, such as a filament and anchors, to be subject to etching, which will occur when hydrogen chloride is used. Since chloroform is an organic compound, it is likewise stable against any incoming foreign materials, so that a lamp containing such a compound exhibits an excellent halogen regenerative cycle.
  • the chloroform (CHCH are indicated by a dotted line.
  • the proportions of hydrogen and chlorine when there were added excess amounts of hydrogen to the chloroform are indicated by marks of A and such proportions when there were added excess amounts of chlorine by marks of
  • the aforesaid excess addition of hydrogen is r'ii'n'teifb the case A where there was added 0.03 micromol/cm. of hydrogen when the lamp contained 0.03 micromol/cm. of chloroform and the case B where there was added 0.03 micromol/cm. of hydrogen when the lamp contained 0.1 micromol/cm. of chloroform. In both cases, there appeared blackening in the lamps within 500 hours of use.
  • the aforementioned excess addition of chlorine is denoted by the case C where there was added 0.1 micromol/cm. of chlorine when the lamp was filled with 0.04 micromol/cm. of chlorine and the case D where there was added 0.1 micromol/cm. as against 0.06 micromol/cm. of chloroform.
  • a halogen lamp comprising a bulb, a tungsten filament mounted in the bulb, at least one gas selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and inert gases, and chloroform in the amount of 0.01 to 0.10 micromol per cubic centimeter of the inner volume of the bulb, the gas and chloroform being sealed in the bulb.

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  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US29229A 1969-04-16 1970-04-16 Halogen lamp Expired - Lifetime US3644772A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44029248A JPS4812155B1 (ja) 1969-04-16 1969-04-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3644772A true US3644772A (en) 1972-02-22

Family

ID=12270940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US29229A Expired - Lifetime US3644772A (en) 1969-04-16 1970-04-16 Halogen lamp

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3644772A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4812155B1 (ja)
CH (1) CH509662A (ja)
DE (1) DE2018246C3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2043303A5 (ja)
GB (1) GB1244707A (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831053A (en) * 1973-06-28 1974-08-20 Gen Electric Differential output lamp containing chlorine and hydrogen
US4027189A (en) * 1973-11-01 1977-05-31 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Tungsten halogen lamp
US4897767A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-01-30 U.S. Philips Corporation Headlight lantern system and electric lamp for this system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831053A (en) * 1973-06-28 1974-08-20 Gen Electric Differential output lamp containing chlorine and hydrogen
US4027189A (en) * 1973-11-01 1977-05-31 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Tungsten halogen lamp
US4897767A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-01-30 U.S. Philips Corporation Headlight lantern system and electric lamp for this system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1244707A (en) 1971-09-02
FR2043303A5 (ja) 1971-02-12
DE2018246C3 (de) 1979-05-31
DE2018246B2 (de) 1978-09-28
DE2018246A1 (ja) 1970-10-22
JPS4812155B1 (ja) 1973-04-18
CH509662A (de) 1971-06-30

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