US3644099A - Gas atmosphere generating means for heat-treating furnaces - Google Patents

Gas atmosphere generating means for heat-treating furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3644099A
US3644099A US3644099DA US3644099A US 3644099 A US3644099 A US 3644099A US 3644099D A US3644099D A US 3644099DA US 3644099 A US3644099 A US 3644099A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
conduit
combustion
valve
catalytic
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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Roland C Crans
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Holcroft and Co
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Holcroft and Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
    • C21D1/763—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere using a catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86815—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/86823—Rotary valve

Definitions

  • SHEET 2 [IF 2 mhm INVENTOR ROAM 0 c CA AA/S wml MMV 5M ATTORNEYS GAS ATMOSPHERE GENERATING MEANS FOR I-IEAT- TREATING FURNACES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1960. Methods and apparatus for generating industrial gas atmospheres are disclosed in U.S. Pat. of Walter H. Holcroft Nos. 2,589,8 l0, and 2,589,8l I, both dated Mar. 18, 1952.
  • the present invention relates to a gas generator capable of generating gases of various compositions.
  • the new apparatus can be adjusted to operate either as an exothermic or an endothermic generator and, when desired, can simultaneously produce more than one type of gas.
  • Typical of the compositions which can be produced are the following standard formulas of the American Gas Association:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a gas generator.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a portion of FIG. 1 with the valves in different positions of adjustment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view showing a modification control.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an arrangement for mixing the gases from the generator.
  • the apparatus is similar in general outline to the I-Iolcroft converter illustrated in the publication by Bayer. It also can be operated in accordance with the disclosure in Holcroft U.S. Pat. No. 2,589,810.
  • the new apparatus is structurally different from these prior art references and it has increased versatility and utility.
  • the new apparatus has means for adjustment whereby it can produce each of the AGA gases listed above and in some instances, it can simultaneously produce a plurality of such gases.
  • the new gas generator consists of a main casing 10 forming a combustion chamber 11, within which is a retort 12 containing catalytic material 13.
  • a water tower 14 is connected by a conduit 15 to the outlet of the combustion chamber.
  • Commercial combustible gas is drawn through gas inlet 16 by a pump 17 which also draws air through air inlet 18.
  • Nineteen (19) is a ratio control valve by means of which the proportions of air and gas can be regulated.
  • the combustible mixture of gas and air is delivered to a burner 20 discharging the products of combustion into chamber 11 and thereby supplying heat to the catalytic retort 12.
  • the combustion gases are conducted through conduit 15 into water tower 14 where they are cooled to condense the water vapor formed during combustion.
  • the gas is discharged from the water tower through outlet 21 and at this point consists mainly of nitrogen and carbon dioxide with a small amount of water vapor.
  • a part of the gas from the water tower may be combined with fresh hydrocarbon gas and fed into the catalytic retort 12.
  • the hydrocarbon gas enters from the inlet 22.
  • the two gases are combined in the conduit 23 in the desired proportions and are together circulated by pump 24 into the inlet 25 of retort 12.
  • the gas Passing through the heated catalyst 13, the gas is reformed by chemical action into a gas composed mainly of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and nitrogen, and is then cooled in gas cooler 26 and discharged through conduit 27 to the metallurgical furnace.
  • the apparatus follows the prior art practice. Also, it is usual to provide a branch conduit 28 leading from water tower outlet 21 to a vent 29 so that excess products of combustion not needed for the reforming action can be eliminated.
  • the gas emerging from the water tower is of a composition suitable for use in certain metallurgical processes.
  • One of the features of the present invention is to make available for possible use, any excess over that needed for the catalytic reforming instead of merely conducting all of such excess to the stack for waste gases.
  • the generator of the present invention is provided with asecond branch conduit 30 near the water tower outlet 21 so that gas not needed to pass through the main conduit 31 by action of pump 24, can be passed through control valve 32 to a gas supply port 33.
  • This second branch conduit 30 has other functions also as will be hereinafter pointed out.
  • the main conduit 31 for the combustion products from water tower outlet 21 has a main channel 34 leading to mixture conduit 23.
  • a bypass channel 35 the latter being provided with a ratio control valve 36.
  • the hydrocarbon gas line from gas inlet 22 has a main channel 37 leading to mixture conduit 23.
  • a bypass channel 38 in parallel with the main channel.
  • a three-port, two-way valve 39 is located at the junction of channels 34, 37 and 23, a three-port, two-way valve 39 is located.
  • In the bypass 38 there is an orifice 38A and there is also a shutoff valve 40.
  • In the channel 37 there is another shutoff valve 41.
  • the conduit 42 having a main channel 43 leading to an air inlet orifice 44.
  • a bypass channel 45 in parallel with the main channel 43 is provided with a ratio control valve 46.
  • the hereinbefore described valves 39, 40 and 46 together with the associated channels 39, 42, 43 and 45 are all new and form no part of the prior art generators. The addition of these new parts and their association in a novel manner with the other elements of the gas generator hereinbefore described produces the improved apparatus of the present invention. By a simple manipulation of the valves, the new gas generator can be quickly adjusted to produce a plurality of different gas compositions useful in connection with metallurgical furnaees.
  • valves are shown so that the generator operates in accordance with U.S. Pat. No. 2,589,810. It will be observed that valve 41 is open, valve 40 is closed and valve 39 interconnects channels 34, 37 and 23. With this arrangement, the products of combustion from water tower outlet 21 proceed through conduits 31 and 34 through valve 39 into conduit 23. Hydrocarbon gas from inlet 22 proceeds through open valve 41, conduit 37 and valve 39 into conduit 23. The controlled mixture of these two gases enters the catalytic retort 12 where the mixture is reformed by chemical action and then conducted by conduit 27 to the metallurgical furnace. The gas produced by this process is known as AGA 50] and contains 20 percent carbon monoxide, 17 percent hydrogen and the balance nitrogen.
  • FIG. 2 shows the valves adjusted so that valve 41 is closed and valves 39 and 40 remain as in FIG. 1.
  • AGA 101 The gas emerging from conduit 27 and delivered to the metallurgical furnace. While such gas may not be suitable for many metallurgical processes, it is useful for purging air from a furnace so that later addition of a combustible gas does not present any hazard.
  • any new generator may be connected to such a furnace and operated with the valves as in FIG. 2 for a certain length of time to purge the furnace with noncombustible gas issuing from conduit 27.
  • valve 41 can be opened, thus restoring the valves to the condition shown in FIG. 1, whereupon the generator will commence to produce the reducing gas of formula AGA 501 as hereinbefore described in connection with the operation of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the valves in another position of adjustment.
  • Two-way valve 39 now shuts off conduit 23 from channel 34 and connects 23 to the air supply from air inlet 44 and also connects 23 to the hydrocarbon gas supply from inlet 22. Since bypass valve 40 is also open, this permits additional hydrocarbon gas to pass through the bypass 38 thus increasing the amount of hydrocarbon relative to the air supply.
  • the proper ratio determined by means of the orifice 38A will produce a gas known as AGA 302 higher in hydrogen content than AGA 501.
  • combustion products Type 101
  • valve 39 shuts off the supply from 34 to 23.
  • valves 39 and 40 are always in the same position relative to each other in each of the arrangements shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Hence, it is another feature of this invention to mechanically interlock valves 39 and 40, as diagrammatically indicated at 50, so that they are simultaneously moved to maintain the proper relationship to each other.
  • the combination of the orifices used in the combustion products lines 34 and 35 and in the hydrocarbon gas lines 37 and 38 is preferably such that the mixture drawn by pump 24 through the line 23 and introduced into the catalytic retort is 7.53 parts of combustion products to 1 part of hydrocarbon gas. This will produce in the catalytic reformer a 501-type gas.
  • the combination of the orifices in the air line 42 and the hydrocarbon gas line 37 is such that the resulting mixture is 2.5 parts of air to 1 part of hydrocarbon fuel. This will produce in the discharge line 27 a 302-type gas.
  • the gas produced in the discharge line 27 is the same as that from the water tower outlet 21 and is an exothermic, noncombustible gas of Type 101.
  • the apparatus as hereinbefore described has multiple capabilities depending upon the manipulative adjustment of the various valves including the following:
  • Type 101 noncombustible gas for use in processing or for purging air or combustible gas from a furnace.
  • FIG. 4 a modified valve arrangement can be used as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the three conduits 34, 37 and 42 for combustion products, hydrocarbon gas, and air, respectively, are connected to the mixed gas outlet conduit 23 and individual valves 51, 52 and 53 are located in the respective conduits.
  • Other suitable valving means can also be used in place of the interconnected valves 39 and 40.
  • the gas supply port 33 serves to distribute Type 101 combustion gas while conduit 27 supplies either Type 302 or Type 501 depending on the valve adjustment. It is common practice with gas generators to distribute gas to more than one furnace or to more than one area in a single furnace through distribution orifices in the pipelines.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an arrangement whereby the various gases may be blended in such a way as to produce a variety of resulting combustions for furnaces.
  • the outlet port 33 is connected to a pipeline 5 while conduit 27 is connected to pipeline 55.
  • the conduit 54 has branch pipes 56, 57 and 58, each controlled by a valve 59, 60 and 61 together with orifices 62, 63, and 64.
  • the pipe 55 has branch conduits 66, 67, and 68 with control valves 69, 70 and 71 as well as orifices 72, 73 and 74.
  • the respective branch conduits are provided with furnace outlets 75, 76 and 77.
  • Gas atmosphere generating means for heat-treating furnaces comprising a combustion chamber, a retort in heat-conducting relation to said combustion chamber, means for introducing into said chamber a combustible mixture of gaseous fuel and air to be burned in said chamber thereby heating said retort, means for passing the products of combustion through a water tower to condense out most of the water, a first conduit for the condensed combustion products leading from the outlet of said water tower, a second hydrocarbon gas supply conduit, a third air supply conduit, a fourth mixing conduit leading from the aforesaid three conduits to said retort, a valve means controlling said conduits, a catalyst in said retort capable of reforming the gases therein, a discharge conduit from said catalytic retort, a branch conduit extending from said water tower outlet to an atmospheric vent and a second valve-controlled utility branch conduit connected to said water tower outlet for utilizing excess combustion products not circulated through said retort.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
US3644099D 1969-09-15 1969-09-15 Gas atmosphere generating means for heat-treating furnaces Expired - Lifetime US3644099A (en)

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US85803069A 1969-09-15 1969-09-15

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US (1) US3644099A (fi)
JP (1) JPS4824605B1 (fi)
DE (1) DE2045582A1 (fi)
FR (1) FR2061371A5 (fi)
GB (1) GB1282188A (fi)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917238A (en) * 1972-09-16 1975-11-04 Werner Gohring Oven apparatus
US4869730A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-09-26 Holcroft/Loftus, Inc. Endothermic gas generator
AU659719B2 (en) * 1992-03-10 1995-05-25 Boc Group, Inc., The Method and apparatus for forming a heat treating atmosphere
US20120276494A1 (en) * 2011-04-05 2012-11-01 Rolf Sarres Method and Industrial Furnace for Using a Residual Protective Gas as a Heating Gas
CN108372295A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-08-07 扬州伟达机械有限公司 一种吸热性气氛发生装置
US20210293183A1 (en) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 Rinnai Corporation Gas manifold

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD126238A1 (fi) * 1975-07-01 1977-07-06
JPS5220303U (fi) * 1975-07-31 1977-02-14
JPS5266504U (fi) * 1975-11-18 1977-05-17
JPS52129503U (fi) * 1976-03-27 1977-10-01
JPS53128004U (fi) * 1977-03-15 1978-10-11
DE2822048C2 (de) * 1978-05-20 1984-05-17 Loi Industrieofenanlagen Gmbh, 4300 Essen Anlage zur Erzeugung von Behandlungsgas für die Behandlung metallischer Gegenstände
JPH034709U (fi) * 1989-06-05 1991-01-17
JP4613332B2 (ja) * 2004-05-21 2011-01-19 Ｄｏｗａサーモテック株式会社 変成炉及び変成炉の加熱方法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917238A (en) * 1972-09-16 1975-11-04 Werner Gohring Oven apparatus
US4869730A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-09-26 Holcroft/Loftus, Inc. Endothermic gas generator
AU659719B2 (en) * 1992-03-10 1995-05-25 Boc Group, Inc., The Method and apparatus for forming a heat treating atmosphere
US20120276494A1 (en) * 2011-04-05 2012-11-01 Rolf Sarres Method and Industrial Furnace for Using a Residual Protective Gas as a Heating Gas
US9188392B2 (en) * 2011-04-05 2015-11-17 Ipsen, Inc. Method and industrial furnace for using a residual protective gas as a heating gas
CN108372295A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-08-07 扬州伟达机械有限公司 一种吸热性气氛发生装置
US20210293183A1 (en) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 Rinnai Corporation Gas manifold
JP2021148341A (ja) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-27 リンナイ株式会社 ガスマニホールド
US11754315B2 (en) * 2020-03-17 2023-09-12 Rinnai Corporation Gas manifold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2061371A5 (fi) 1971-06-18
JPS4824605B1 (fi) 1973-07-23
GB1282188A (en) 1972-07-19
DE2045582A1 (de) 1971-04-29

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