US3643726A - Electric slag remelting process and apparatus for producing metal ingots having a change in transverse dimension - Google Patents

Electric slag remelting process and apparatus for producing metal ingots having a change in transverse dimension Download PDF

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Publication number
US3643726A
US3643726A US875397A US3643726DA US3643726A US 3643726 A US3643726 A US 3643726A US 875397 A US875397 A US 875397A US 3643726D A US3643726D A US 3643726DA US 3643726 A US3643726 A US 3643726A
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United States
Prior art keywords
molds
mold
electrode means
ingot
set forth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US875397A
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English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Plockinger
Wolfgang Holzgruber
Adolf Schneidhofer
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Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process of producing ingots which consist of metal, preferably steel, and have considerable changes in cross section or transverse dimensions, which process comprises an electric slag remelting step, and a plant for carrying out such process.
  • ingots may serve, e.g., as workpieces to be forged or as workpieces from which rolls are made.
  • lt is an object of the invention to enable a production ofingots which consist of metal, preferably steel, and have considerable changes in cross section or transverse dimensions in a continuous operation by electric slag remelting.
  • this object is accomplished in that one or more electrodes, consisting of the metal to be remelted and disposed under a slag layer, have current conducted therethrough, and under the action of the heat which is generated by said current, are fused down in succession in two or more superimposed ingot molds, which are open at both ends and have cross sections and transverse dimensions which correspond to those of the ingot to be made.
  • the molten metal is cooled in the ingot mold in which it has been formed so that the molten metal solidifies to form a single, rigid ingot.
  • An electrode 40 to be fused down is coaxial with cylindrical inner shells 11, 21 and 31 of three superimposed ingot molds 10, 20 and 30.
  • Each ingot mold 10, 20 or 30 is secured to a separate mold-lifting carriage 14, 24 or 34, respectively.
  • An extension rod 41, connected to the top end of the electrode 40, is secured to an arm portion 51 of an electrode-lifting carriage 50.
  • the mold-lifting carriages 14, 24 and 34 and the electrode-lifting carriage 50, disposed over the mold-lifting carriages 14, 24 and 34, are vertically displaceable independently of each other on the square-section column 60 with the aid of tension cables, which are not shown.
  • the electrode 40 As the electrode 40 is fused down, it can be adjusted in height so that the electrode 40 dips into the slag layer 75, which floats on the molten metal 74 and serves to purify and shield the molten steel, and the end of the electrode 40 is spaced the correct distance apart from the surface of the molten metal 74.
  • the elevation of the ingot molds 14, 24 and 34 may be changed as follows: During the initial phase of the melting operation, the lowermost ingot mold rests on the liquidcooled bottom plate 82 until the surface of the molten metal 74 in that ingot mold 10 has reached a predetermined level. The ingot mold 10 is then raised at such a speed that the relation of the surface of molten metal 74 to the ingot mold 10 remains unchanged.
  • the upward movement of the mold 10 is continued until it contacts the second ingot mold 20, which is disposed over the ingot mold 10.
  • the two ingot molds 10 and now remain at rest until the surface of the molten metal 74 in the second ingot mold 20 has reached a certain level.
  • the second ingot mold 20 is much larger in inside diameter than the lowermost, first ingot mold 10.
  • the second ingot mold 20 is then raised at such a speed that the relation of the surface of the molten metal 74 to the ingot mold 20 remains unchanged.
  • the operation which has just been described is then repeated with the uppermost, third ingot mold 30, which is smaller in inside diameter than the second ingot mold 20.
  • the remelting operation which has been described thus results in a single ingot 70, which consists of three cylindrical portions 71, 72, and 73.
  • the two end portions 71 and 73 of the ingot are much smaller in diameter (d and d respectively) than the intermediate portion 72 having a diameter d,.
  • the complete metal ingot 70 is indicated with dash-dot or dotted lines.
  • the positions assumed by the ingot molds 20 and 30 at the end of the remelting operation are indicated with dash-dot lines.
  • An electric lead 80 leads from one terminal of the source of power which is employed to the extension rod 41 of the electrode 40.
  • the other terminal of the source of power is connected by an electric lead 81 to the horizontal bottom plate 82, which consists of metal, preferably copper.
  • the source of power is not shown and may consist, e.g., of the secondary winding of a transformer.
  • the bottom of the solidified ingot rests on the bottom plate 82.
  • the ingot molds 10, 20 and 30 are cooled with water, which flows respectively through the jacket space 13, 23 or 33 defined between the cylindrical inner shell 11, 21 or 31 and the outer shell 12, 22, and 32 of each ingot mold 10, 20 or 30.
  • Flexible tubes are used to conduct cooling water to and from these jacket spaces 13, 23 and 33.
  • warm cooling water may be used to avoid an excessive cooling of the previously solidified ingot portion.
  • split ingot molds may be used, which are swung open and thus separated from the ingot to avoid a continued cooling of the sides of the solidified ingot portion.
  • the solidified ingot portion may be additionally maintained at a predetermined temperature by the application of split insulation, which may be heated or unheated.
  • the mold-lifting carriages, on the one hand and the electrode-lifting carriage, on the other hand, may be mounted on separate columns.
  • the ingots which are made in the plant which has just been described, are circular in cross section.
  • the present process may also be used, however, to make ingots having other cross sections, which may be, e.g., rectangular or square, provided that suitably shaped ingot molds are employed.
  • the process according to the invention enables the production of ingots which consist of metal, preferably steel, and which have considerable changes in cross section and are of high purity, by electric slag remelting.
  • the length of these ingots may be as long as desired within wide limits.
  • a process for casting metal ingots, having at least one change in cross-sectional area dimensions, by electroslag remelting electrode means comprising the steps of movably suspending at least two molds of different crosssectional area dimensions from a vertical column, providing a liquid slag layer in said molds,
  • warm water is used to cool said ingot portion at said second rate.
  • an arrangement comprising a vertical column, at least two molds movably suspended for independent movement on said vertical column, said two molds having different cross-sectional area dimensions, means for moving said metallic electrode means movably mounted on said column and supporting said electrode means so that it extends into said liquid slag layer, means for moving said two molds comprising means for moving a first lower mold of said two molds upwardly jointly with said electrode means along said vertical column until said lower mold comes into contact with the second mold of said mo molds while the molten metal in said first lower mold solidifies and means for moving said second mold upwardly jointly with said electrode means along said vertical column whereby a solid unitary ingot is formed having at least one change in cross-sectional area dimensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US875397A 1968-11-15 1969-11-10 Electric slag remelting process and apparatus for producing metal ingots having a change in transverse dimension Expired - Lifetime US3643726A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1111668A AT286516B (de) 1968-11-15 1968-11-15 Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von aus Metallen, insbesondere aus Stählen bestehenden Blöcken mit sich beträchtlich ändernden Querschnitten

Publications (1)

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US3643726A true US3643726A (en) 1972-02-22

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US875397A Expired - Lifetime US3643726A (en) 1968-11-15 1969-11-10 Electric slag remelting process and apparatus for producing metal ingots having a change in transverse dimension

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US (1) US3643726A (ref)
AT (1) AT286516B (ref)
BE (1) BE741700A (ref)
CH (1) CH507758A (ref)
CS (1) CS173564B2 (ref)
FR (1) FR2023393A1 (ref)
GB (1) GB1249952A (ref)
PL (1) PL80568B1 (ref)
SE (1) SE365728C (ref)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3768541A (en) * 1972-05-18 1973-10-30 B Paton Process and plant for electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2369233A (en) * 1943-01-26 1945-02-13 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing metal
US3344839A (en) * 1963-11-28 1967-10-03 Soudure Electr Autogene Process for obtaining a metallic mass by fusion
GB1103350A (en) * 1965-11-16 1968-02-14 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Method and apparatus for electroslag remelting

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2369233A (en) * 1943-01-26 1945-02-13 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing metal
US3344839A (en) * 1963-11-28 1967-10-03 Soudure Electr Autogene Process for obtaining a metallic mass by fusion
GB1103350A (en) * 1965-11-16 1968-02-14 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Method and apparatus for electroslag remelting

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3768541A (en) * 1972-05-18 1973-10-30 B Paton Process and plant for electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE365728C (sv) 1976-02-02
SE365728B (ref) 1974-04-01
CS173564B2 (ref) 1977-02-28
PL80568B1 (ref) 1975-08-30
GB1249952A (en) 1971-10-13
AT286516B (de) 1970-12-10
CH507758A (de) 1971-05-31
FR2023393A1 (ref) 1970-08-21
BE741700A (ref) 1970-04-16

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